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■ 이사야 17장
1. 다메섹에 관한 경고라 보라 다메섹이 장차 성읍 모양을 이루지 못하고 무너진 무더기가 될 것이라
The burden of Damascus . Behold, Damascus is taken away from being a city , and it shall be a ruinous heap .
2. 아로엘의 성읍들이 버림을 당하리니 양 무리를 치는 곳이 되어 양이 눕되 놀라게 할 자가 없을 것이며
The cities of Aroer are forsaken : they shall be for flocks , which shall lie down , and none shall make them afraid .
3. 에브라임의 요새와 다메섹 나라와 아람의 남은 백성이 멸절하여 이스라엘 자손의 영광 같이 되리라 만군의 여호와의 말씀이니라
The fortress also shall cease from Ephraim , and the kingdom from Damascus , and the remnant of Syria : they shall be as the glory of the children of Israel , saith the Lord of hosts .
4. 그 날에 야곱의 영광이 쇠하고 그 살찐 몸이 파리하리니
And in that day it shall come to pass, that the glory of Jacob shall be made thin , and the fatness of his flesh shall wax lean .
5. 마치 추수하는 자가 곡식을 거두어 가지고 그 손으로 이삭을 벤 것 같고 르바임 골짜기에서 이삭을 주운 것 같으리라
And it shall be as when the harvestman gathereth the corn , and reapeth the ears with his arm ; and it shall be as he that gathereth ears in the valley of Rephaim .
6. 그러나 오히려 주울 것이 남으리니 감람나무를 흔들 때에 가장 높은 가지 꼭대기에 실과 이 삼 개가 남음 같겠고 무성한 나무의 가장 먼 가지에 사 오 개가 남음 같으리라 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와의 말씀이니라
Yet gleaning grapes shall be left in it, as the shaking of an olive tree , two or three berries in the top of the uppermost bough , four or five in the outmost fruitful branches thereof, saith the Lord God of Israel .
7. 그 날에 사람이 자기를 지으신 자를 쳐다보겠으며 그 눈이 이스라엘의 거룩하신 자를 바라보겠고
At that day shall a man look to his Maker , and his eyes shall have respect to the Holy One of Israel .
8. 자기 손으로 만든 단을 쳐다보지 아니하며 자기 손가락으로 지은 아세라나 태양상을 바라보지 아니할 것이며
And he shall not look to the altars , the work of his hands , neither shall respect that which his fingers have made , either the groves , or the images .
9. 그 날에 그 견고한 성읍들이 옛적에 이스라엘 자손 앞에서 버린바 된 수풀 속의 처소와 작은 산꼭대기의 처소 같아서 황폐하리니
In that day shall his strong cities be as a forsaken bough , and an uppermost branch , which they left because of the children of Israel : and there shall be desolation .
10. 이는 네가 자기의 구원의 하나님을 잊어버리며 자기의 능력의 반석을 마음에 두지 않은 까닭이라 그러므로 네가 기뻐하는 식물을 심으며 이방의 가지도 이종하고
Because thou hast forgotten the God of thy salvation , and hast not been mindful of the rock of thy strength , therefore shalt thou plant pleasant plants , and shalt set it with strange slips :
11. 네가 심는 날에 울타리로 두르고 아침에 너의 씨로 잘 발육하도록 하였으나 근심과 심한 슬픔의 날에 농작물이 없어지리라
In the day shalt thou make thy plant to grow , and in the morning shalt thou make thy seed to flourish : but the harvest shall be a heap in the day of grief and of desperate sorrow .
12. 슬프다 많은 민족이 소동하였으되 바다 파도의 뛰노는 소리 같이 그들이 소동하였고 열방이 충돌하였으되 큰 물의 몰려옴 같이 그들도 충돌하였도다
Woe to the multitude of many people , which make a noise like the noise of the seas ; and to the rushing of nations , that make a rushing like the rushing of mighty waters !
13. 열방이 충돌하기를 많은 물의 몰려옴과 같이 하나 주께서 그들을 꾸짖으시리니 그들이 멀리 도망함이 산에 겨가 바람 앞에 흩어짐 같겠고 폭풍 앞에 떠도는 티끌 같을 것이라
The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters : but God shall rebuke them, and they shall flee far off , and shall be chased as the chaff of the mountains before the wind , and like a rolling thing before the whirlwind .
14. 보라 저녁에 두려움을 당하고 아침 전에 그들이 없어졌나니 이는 우리를 노략한 자의 분깃이요 우리를 강탈한 자의 보응이니라
And behold at eveningtide trouble ; and before the morning he is not. This is the portion of them that spoil us, and the lot of them that rob us.
■ 주석 보기
【사17:1 JFB】사17:1-11. Prophecy Concerning Damascus and Its Ally Samaria, that is, Syria and Israel, which had leagued together (seventh and eighth chapters).
Already, Tiglath-pileser had carried away the people of Damascus to Kir, in the fourth year of Ahaz (왕하16:9); but now in Hezekiah's reign a further overthrow is foretold (렘49:23; Z전9:1). Also, Shalmaneser carried away Israel from Samaria to Assyria (왕하17:6; 18:10, 11) in the sixth year of Hezekiah of Judah (the ninth year of Hoshea of Israel). This prophecy was, doubtless, given previously in the first years of Hezekiah when the foreign nations came into nearer collision with Judah, owing to the threatening aspect of Assyria.
1. Damascus—put before Israel (Ephraim, 사17:3), which is chiefly referred to in what follows, because it was the prevailing power in the league; with it Ephraim either stood or fell (사7:1-25).
【사17:1 CWC】[JUDGMENT ON THE GENTILE NATIONS]
This is a long lesson to read, but the study put upon it need not be proportioned to its length. There is a sameness in the chapters, and their contents are not unlike what we reviewed in the preceding lesson. Note the names of the nations and their contiguity to God's chosen people. They have come in contact with their history again and again, for which reason they are singled out for special mention. It will be well here to review what was said about these Gentile nations in the "Introduction to the Prophetic Scriptures." Seven nations are named, a perfect number, indicating Gentilism as a whole, construed as the enemy of Israel. In their order we have Babylon (cc. 13-14); Moab (cc. 15-16); Syria (17); Ethiopia (18); Egypt (19, 20); Medo-Persia (21, 22); Tyre {21).
Then follows a picture of judgment in which all the nations seem to be included; but following the judgments on the Gentile nations, Judah is seen redeemed from her iniquity, delivered from her tribulations, and restored to her land (cc. 25-27). This whole section of the book, therefore, is on an enlarged scale, that which has been set before us several times.
For the purpose of the present study, therefore, and as a matter of convenience, these discourses might be grouped as one -- climaxing, as in the other instances, in the ultimate triumph of the chosen people.
This idea, however, involves one of two things: Either these nations typify Gentile dominion in the earth at the end of this age, or else they themselves will be revived as nations with reference to the judgments of that day.
The evidence for their revival, however, is not apparent except in one case, that of Babylon (cc. 13, 14). The chapters referring to the overthrow of Babylon by the Medes and Persians, seem not to have been fulfilled in that event, except in part; from which the conclusion is gathered that a later and completer fulfillment is in store. There are corresponding passages in other prophets indicating this, and the book of Revelation (c. 18) seems almost to require it.
There are at least nine features of prophecy in these chapters not fulfilled in the earlier overthrow of Babylon referred to: The whole land was not then destroyed (13:5); the Day of the Lord did not then come (v. 6); the physical phenomena were not then seen (v. 10); the city itself was not then destroyed as Sodom, for the Persian victory was without blood, and the scepter passed gently into their hands. Moreover, the land still yields a princely income to its Turkish rulers, and a city and a village exist on the site of Babylon (vv. 19-22); the Lord did not then visit Jacob with rest, nor has He done so as yet (14:1-3); the king of Babylon therein minutely described, has not yet arisen, and seems to point to a greater and more august being than the world has ever seen (4:22); the Assyrian was not then trodden down in the land of Judah, nor was the yoke then removed from her (v. 25); finally, the divine purpose on the whole earth was not then fulfilled (v. 26).
【사17:1 MHCC】 Syria and Israel threatened. (사17:1-11) The woe of Israel's enemies. (사17:12-14)
사17:1-11 Sin desolates cities. It is strange that great conquerors should take pride in being enemies to mankind; but it is better that flocks should lie down there, than that they should harbour any in open rebellion against God and holiness. The strong holds of Israel, the kingdom of the ten tribes, will be brought to ruin. Those who are partakers in sin, are justly made partakers in ruin. The people had, by sins, made themselves ripe for ruin; and their glory was as quickly cut down and taken away by the enemy, as the corn is out of the field by the husbandman. Mercy is reserved in the midst of judgment, for a remnant. But very few shall be marked to be saved. Only here and there one was left behind. But they shall be a remnant made holy. The few that are saved were awakened to return to God. They shall acknowledge his hand in all events; they shall give him the glory due to his name. To bring us to this, is the design of his providence, as he is our Maker; and the work of his grace, as he is the Holy One of Israel. They shall look off from their idols, the creatures of their own fancy. We have reason to account those afflictions happy, which part between us and our sins. The God of our salvation is the Rock of our strength; and our forgetfulness and unmindfulness of him are at the bottom of all sin. The pleasant plants, and shoots from a foreign soil, are expressions for strange and idolatrous worship, and the vile practices connected therewith. Diligence would be used to promote the growth of these strange slips, but all in vain. See the evil and danger of sin, and its certain consequences.
사17:12-14 The rage and force of the Assyrians resembled the mighty waters of the sea; but when the God of Israel should rebuke them, they would flee like chaff, or like a rolling thing, before the whirlwind. In the evening Jerusalem would be in trouble, because of the powerful invader, but before morning his army would be nearly cut off. Happy are those who remember God as their salvation, and rely on his power and grace. The trouble of the believers, and the prosperity of their enemies, will be equally short; while the joy of the former, and the destruction of those that hate and spoil them, shall last for ever.
【사17:2 JFB】2. cities of Aroer—that is, the cities round Aroer, and under its jurisdiction [Gesenius]. So "cities with their villages" (수15:44); "Heshbon and all her cities" (수13:17). Aroer was near Rabbahammon, at the river of Gad, an arm of the Jabbok (삼하24:5), founded by the Gadites (민32:34).
for flocks—(사5:17).
【사17:3 JFB】3. fortress … cease—The strongholds shall be pulled down (Samaria especially: 호10:14; 미1:6; 합1:10).
remnant of Syria—all that was left after the overthrow by Tiglath-pileser (왕하16:9).
as the glory of … Israel—They shall meet with the same fate as Israel, their ally.
【사17:4 JFB】4. glory of Jacob—the kingdom of Ephraim and all that they rely on (호12:2; 미1:5).
fatness … lean—(See on 사10:16).
【사17:5 JFB】5. harvestman, &c.—The inhabitants and wealth of Israel shall be swept away, and but few left behind just as the husbandman gathers the corn and the fruit, and leaves only a few gleaning ears and grapes (왕하18:9-11).
with his arm—He collects the standing grain with one arm, so that he can cut it with the sickle in the other hand.
Rephaim—a fertile plain at the southwest of Jerusalem toward Beth-lehem and the country of the Philistines (삼하5:18-22).
【사17:6 JFB】6. in it—that is, in the land of Israel.
two or three … in the top—A few poor inhabitants shall be left in Israel, like the two or three olive berries left on the topmost boughs, which it is not worth while taking the trouble to try to reach.
【사17:7 JFB】7. look to his Maker—instead of trusting in their fortresses—(사17:3; 미7:7).
【사17:8 JFB】8. groves—A symbolical tree is often found in Assyrian inscriptions, representing the hosts of heaven ("Saba"), answering to Ashteroth or Astarte, the queen of heaven, as Baal or Bel is the king. Hence the expression, "image of the grove," is explained (왕하21:7).
images—literally, "images to the sun," that is, to Baal, who answers to the sun, as Astarte to the hosts of heaven (왕하23:5; 욥31:26).
【사17:9 JFB】9. forsaken bough—rather "the leavings of woods," what the axeman leaves when he cuts down the grove (compare 사17:6).
which they left because of—rather, "which (the enemies) shall leave for the children of Israel"; literally, "shall leave (in departing) from before the face of the children of Israel" [Maurer]. But a few cities out of many shall be left to Israel, by the purpose of God, executed by the Assyrian.
【사17:10 JFB】10. forgotten … God of … salvation … rock—(신32:15, 18).
plants—rather, "nursery grounds," "pleasure-grounds" [Maurer].
set in—rather, "set them," the pleasure-grounds.
strange slips—cuttings of plants from far, and therefore valuable.
【사17:11 JFB】11. In the day … thy plant—rather, "In the day of thy planting" [Horsley].
shalt … make … grow—Maurer translates, "Thou didst fence it," namely, the pleasure-ground. The parallel clause, "Make … flourish," favors English Version. As soon as thou plantest, it grows.
in the morning—that is, immediately after; so in 시90:14, the Hebrew, "in the morning," is translated "early."
but … shall be a heap—rather, "but (promising as was the prospect) the harvest is gone" [Horsley].
in … day of grief—rather, "in the day of (expected) possession" [Maurer]. "In the day of inundation" [Horsley].
of desperate sorrow—rather, "And the sorrow shall be desperate or irremediable." In English Version "heap" and "sorrow" may be taken together by hendiadys. "The heap of the harvest shall be desperate sorrow" [Rosenmuller].
【사17:12 JFB】사17:12-18:7. Sudden Destruction of a Great Army in Judea (namely that of the Assyrian Sennacherib), AND Announcement of the Event to the Ethiopian Ambassadors.
The connection of this fragment with what precedes is: notwithstanding the calamities coming on Israel, the people of God shall not be utterly destroyed (사6:12, 13); the Assyrian spoilers shall perish (사17:13, 14).
12. Woe … multitude—rather, "Ho (Hark)! a noise of," &c. The prophet in vision perceives the vast and mixed Assyrian hosts (Hebrew, "many peoples," see on 사5:26): on the hills of Judah (so "mountains," 사17:13): but at the "rebuke" of God, they shall "flee as chaff."
to the rushing … that make—rather, "the roaring … roareth" (compare 사8:7; 렘6:23).
【사17:13 JFB】13. shall … shall—rather, "God rebuketh (시9:5) them, and they flee—are chased"; the event is set before the eyes as actually present, not future.
chaff of … mountains—Threshing floors in the East are in the open air on elevated places, so as to catch the wind which separates the chaff from the wheat (시88:13; 호13:3).
rolling thing—anything that rolls: stubble.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.