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■ 이사야 16장
1. 너희는 이 땅 치리자에게 어린 양들을 드리되 셀라에서부터 광야를 지나 딸 시온 산으로 보낼지니라
Send ye the lamb to the ruler of the land from Sela to the wilderness , unto the mount of the daughter of Zion .
2. 모압의 여자들은 아르논 나루에서 떠다니는 새 같고 보금자리에서 흩어진 새 새끼 같을 것이라
For it shall be, that, as a wandering bird cast out of the nest , so the daughters of Moab shall be at the fords of Arnon .
3. 너는 모략을 베풀며 공의로 판결하며 오정 때에 밤 같이 그늘을 짓고 쫓겨난 자를 숨기며 도망한 자를 발각시키지 말며
Take counsel , execute judgment ; make thy shadow as the night in the midst of the noonday ; hide the outcasts ; bewray not him that wandereth .
4. 나의 쫓겨난 자들로 너와 함께 있게 하되 너 모압은 멸절하는 자 앞에서 그 피할 곳이 되라 대저 토색하는 자가 망하였고 멸절하는 자가 그쳤고 압제하는 자가 이 땅에서 멸절하였으며
Let mine outcasts dwell with thee, Moab ; be thou a covert to them from the face of the spoiler : for the extortioner is at an end , the spoiler ceaseth , the oppressors are consumed out of the land .
5. 다윗의 장막에 왕위는 인자함으로 굳게 설 것이요 그 위에 앉을 자는 충실함으로 판결하며 공평을 구하며 의를 신속히 행하리라
And in mercy shall the throne be established : and he shall sit upon it in truth in the tabernacle of David , judging , and seeking judgment , and hasting righteousness .
6. 우리가 모압의 교만을 들었나니 심히 교만하도다 그의 거만하며 교만하며 분노함도 들었거니와 그 과장이 헛되도다
We have heard of the pride of Moab ; he is very proud : even of his haughtiness , and his pride , and his wrath : but his lies shall not be so.
7. 그러므로 모압이 모압을 위하여 통곡하되 다 통곡하며 길하레셋 건포도 떡을 위하여 그들이 슬퍼하며 심히 근심하리니
Therefore shall Moab howl for Moab , every one shall howl : for the foundations of Kir–hareseth shall ye mourn ; surely they are stricken .
8. 이는 헤스본의 밭과 십마의 포도나무가 말랐음이라 전에는 그 가지가 야셀에 미쳐 광야에 이르고 그 싹이 자라서 바다를 건넜더니 이제 열국 주권자들이 그 좋은 가지를 꺾었도다
For the fields of Heshbon languish , and the vine of Sibmah : the lords of the heathen have broken down the principal plants thereof, they are come even unto Jazer , they wandered through the wilderness : her branches are stretched out , they are gone over the sea .
9. 그러므로 내가 야셀의 울음처럼 십마의 포도나무를 위하여 울리라 헤스본이여 엘르알레여 나의 눈물로 너를 적시리니 너의 여름 실과, 너의 농작물에 떠드는 소리가 일어남이니라
Therefore I will bewail with the weeping of Jazer the vine of Sibmah : I will water thee with my tears , O Heshbon , and Elealeh : for the shouting for thy summer fruits and for thy harvest is fallen .
10. 즐거움과 기쁨이 기름진 밭에서 떠났고 포도원에는 노래와 즐거운 소리가 없어지겠고 틀에는 포도를 밟을 사람이 없으리니 이는 내가 그 소리를 그치게 하였음이라
And gladness is taken away , and joy out of the plentiful field ; and in the vineyards there shall be no singing , neither shall there be shouting : the treaders shall tread out no wine in their presses ; I have made their vintage shouting to cease .
11. 이러므로 나의 마음이 모압을 위하여 수금 같이 소리를 발하며 나의 창자가 길하레셋을 위하여 그러하도다
Wherefore my bowels shall sound like an harp for Moab , and mine inward parts for Kir–haresh .
12. 모압 사람이 그 산당에서 피곤하도록 봉사하며 자기 성소에 나아가서 기도할지라도 무효하리로다
And it shall come to pass, when it is seen that Moab is weary on the high place , that he shall come to his sanctuary to pray ; but he shall not prevail .
13. 이는 여호와께서 전에 모압을 들어 하신 말씀이어니와
This is the word that the Lord hath spoken concerning Moab since that time .
14. 이제 여호와께서 말씀하여 가라사대 품군의 정한 해와 같이 삼 년내에 모압의 영화와 그 큰 무리가 능욕을 당할지라 그 남은 수가 심히 적어 소용이 없이 되리라 하시도다
But now the Lord hath spoken , saying , Within three years , as the years of an hireling , and the glory of Moab shall be contemned , with all that great multitude ; and the remnant shall be very small and feeble .
■ 주석 보기
【사16:1 JFB】사16:1-14. Continuation of the Prophecy as to Moab.
1. lamb—advice of the prophet to the Moabites who had fled southwards to Idumea, to send to the king of Judah the tribute of lambs, which they had formerly paid to Israel, but which they had given up (왕하3:4, 5). David probably imposed this tribute before the severance of Judah and Israel (삼하8:2). Therefore Moab is recommended to gain the favor and protection of Judah, by paying it to the Jewish king. Type of the need of submitting to Messiah (시2:10-12; 롬12:1).
from Sela to—rather, "from Petra through (literally, 'towards') the wilderness" [Maurer]. "Sela" means "a rock," Petra in Greek; the capital of Idumea and Arabia-Petræa; the dwellings are mostly hewn out of the rock. The country around was a vast common ("wilderness") or open pasturage, to which the Moabites had fled on the invasion from the west (사15:7).
ruler of the land—namely, of Idumea, that is, the king of Judah; Amaziah had become master of Idumea and Sela (왕하14:7).
【사16:1 CWC】[JUDGMENT ON THE GENTILE NATIONS]
This is a long lesson to read, but the study put upon it need not be proportioned to its length. There is a sameness in the chapters, and their contents are not unlike what we reviewed in the preceding lesson. Note the names of the nations and their contiguity to God's chosen people. They have come in contact with their history again and again, for which reason they are singled out for special mention. It will be well here to review what was said about these Gentile nations in the "Introduction to the Prophetic Scriptures." Seven nations are named, a perfect number, indicating Gentilism as a whole, construed as the enemy of Israel. In their order we have Babylon (cc. 13-14); Moab (cc. 15-16); Syria (17); Ethiopia (18); Egypt (19, 20); Medo-Persia (21, 22); Tyre {21).
Then follows a picture of judgment in which all the nations seem to be included; but following the judgments on the Gentile nations, Judah is seen redeemed from her iniquity, delivered from her tribulations, and restored to her land (cc. 25-27). This whole section of the book, therefore, is on an enlarged scale, that which has been set before us several times.
For the purpose of the present study, therefore, and as a matter of convenience, these discourses might be grouped as one -- climaxing, as in the other instances, in the ultimate triumph of the chosen people.
This idea, however, involves one of two things: Either these nations typify Gentile dominion in the earth at the end of this age, or else they themselves will be revived as nations with reference to the judgments of that day.
The evidence for their revival, however, is not apparent except in one case, that of Babylon (cc. 13, 14). The chapters referring to the overthrow of Babylon by the Medes and Persians, seem not to have been fulfilled in that event, except in part; from which the conclusion is gathered that a later and completer fulfillment is in store. There are corresponding passages in other prophets indicating this, and the book of Revelation (c. 18) seems almost to require it.
There are at least nine features of prophecy in these chapters not fulfilled in the earlier overthrow of Babylon referred to: The whole land was not then destroyed (13:5); the Day of the Lord did not then come (v. 6); the physical phenomena were not then seen (v. 10); the city itself was not then destroyed as Sodom, for the Persian victory was without blood, and the scepter passed gently into their hands. Moreover, the land still yields a princely income to its Turkish rulers, and a city and a village exist on the site of Babylon (vv. 19-22); the Lord did not then visit Jacob with rest, nor has He done so as yet (14:1-3); the king of Babylon therein minutely described, has not yet arisen, and seems to point to a greater and more august being than the world has ever seen (4:22); the Assyrian was not then trodden down in the land of Judah, nor was the yoke then removed from her (v. 25); finally, the divine purpose on the whole earth was not then fulfilled (v. 26).
【사16:1 MHCC】 Moab is exhorted to yield obedience. (사16:1-5) The pride and the judgments of Moab. (사16:6-14)
사16:1-5 God tells sinners what they may do to prevent ruin; so he does to Moab. Let them send the tribute they formerly engaged to pay to Judah. Take it as good advice. Break off thy sins by righteousness, it may lengthen thy quiet. And this may be applied to the great gospel duty of submission to Christ. Send him the lamb, the best you have, yourselves a living sacrifice. When you come to God, the great Ruler, come in the name of the Lamb, the Lamb of God. Those who will not submit to Christ, shall be as a bird that wanders from her nest, which shall be snatched up by the next bird of prey. Those who will not yield to the fear of God, shall be made to yield to the fear of every thing else. He advises them to be kind to the seed of Israel. Those that expect to find favour when in trouble themselves, must show favour to those in trouble. What is here said concerning the throne of Hezekiah, also belongs, in a much higher sense, to the kingdom of Jesus Christ. Though by subjection to Him we may not enjoy worldly riches or honours, but may be exposed to poverty and contempt, we shall have peace of conscience and eternal life.
사16:6-14 Those who will not be counselled, cannot be helped. More souls are ruined by pride than by any other sin whatever. Also, the very proud are commonly very passionate. With lies many seek to gain the gratification of pride and passion, but they shall not compass proud and angry projects. Moab was famous for fields and vineyards; but they shall be laid waste by the invading army. God can soon turn laughter into mourning, and joy into heaviness. In God let us always rejoice with holy triumph; in earthly things let us always rejoice with holy trembling. The prophet looks with concern on the desolations of such a pleasant country; it causes inward grief. The false gods of Moab are unable to help; and the God of Israel, the only true God, can and will make good what he has spoken. Let Moab know her ruin is very near, and prepare. The most awful declarations of Divine wrath, discover the way of escape to those who take warning. There is no escape, but by submission to the Son of David, and devoting ourselves to him. And, at length, when the appointed time comes, all the glory, prosperity, and multitude of the wicked shall perish.
【사16:2 JFB】2. cast out of … nest—rather, "as a brood cast out" (in apposition with "a wandering bird," or rather, wandering birds), namely, a brood just fledged and expelled from the nest in which they were hatched [Horsley]. Compare 사10:14; 신32:11.
daughters of Moab—that is, the inhabitants of Moab. So 왕하19:21; 시48:11; 렘46:11; 애4:22 [Maurer].
at the fords—trying to cross the boundary river of Moab, in order to escape out of the land. Ewald and Maurer make "fords" a poetical expression for "the dwellers on Arnon," answering to the parallel clause of the same sense, "daughters of Moab."
【사16:3 JFB】3-5.Gesenius, Maurer, &c., regard these verses as an address of the fugitive Moabites to the Jews for protection; they translate 사16:4, "Let mine outcasts of Moab dwell with thee, Judah"; the protection will be refused by the Jews, for the pride of Moab (사16:6). Vitringa makes it an additional advice to Moab, besides paying tribute. Give shelter to the Jewish outcasts who take refuge in thy land (사16:3, 4); so "mercy" will be shown thee in turn by whatever king sits on the "throne" of "David" (사16:5). Isaiah foresees that Moab will be too proud to pay the tribute, or conciliate Judah by sheltering its outcasts (사16:6); therefore judgment shall be executed. However, as Moab just before is represented as itself an outcast in Idumea, it seems incongruous that it should be called on to shelter Jewish outcasts. So that it seems rather to foretell the ruined state of Moab when its people should beg the Jews for shelter, but be refused for their pride.
make … shadow as … night … in … noonday—emblem of a thick shelter from the glaring noonday heat (사4:6; 25:4; 32:2).
bewray … wandereth—Betray not the fugitive to his pursuer.
【사16:4 JFB】4. Rather, "Let the outcasts of Moab dwell with thee" (Judah) [Horsley].
for the extortioner, &c.—The Assyrian oppressor probably.
is at an end—By the time that Moab begs Judah for shelter, Judah shall be in a condition to afford it, for the Assyrian oppressor shall have been "consumed out of the land."
【사16:5 JFB】5. If Judah shelters the suppliant Moab, allowing him to remain in Idumea, a blessing will redound to Judah itself and its "throne."
truth … judgment … righteousness—language so divinely framed as to apply to "the latter days" under King Messiah, when "the Lord shall bring again the captivity of Moab" (시72:2; 96:13; 98:9; 렘48:47; 롬11:12).
hasting—"prompt in executing."
【사16:6 JFB】6. We—Jews. We reject Moab's supplication for his pride.
lies—false boasts.
not be so—rather, "not right"; shall prove vain (사25:10; 렘48:29, 30; 습2:8). "It shall not be so; his lies shall not so effect it."
【사16:7 JFB】7. Therefore—all hope of being allowed shelter by the Jews being cut off.
foundations—that is, "ruins"; because, when houses are pulled down, the "foundations" alone are left (사58:12). Jeremiah, in the parallel place (렘48:31), renders it "men," who are the moral foundations or stay of a city.
Kirhareseth—literally, "a citadel of brick."
surely they are stricken—rather, joined with "mourn"; "Ye shall mourn utterly stricken" [Maurer and Horsley].
【사16:8 JFB】8. fields—vine-fields (신32:32).
vine of Sibmah—near Heshbon: namely, languishes.
lords of … heathen—The heathen princes, the Assyrians, &c., who invaded Moab, destroyed his vines. So Jeremiah in the parallel place (렘48:32, 33). Maurer thinks the following words require rather the rendering, "Its (the vine of Sibmah) shoots (the wines got from them) overpowered (by its generous flavor and potency) the lords of the nations" (창49:11, 12, 22).
come … Jazer—They (the vine shoots) reached even to Jazer, fifteen miles from Heshbon.
wandered—They overran in wild luxuriance the wilderness of Arabia, encompassing Moab.
the sea—the Dead Sea; or else some lake near Jazer now dry; in 렘48:32 called "the sea of Jazer"; but see on 렘48:32 (시80:8-11).
【사16:9 JFB】9. I—will bewail for its desolation, though I belong to another nation (see on 사15:5).
with … weeping of Jazer—as Jazer weeps.
shouting for … fallen—rather, "Upon thy summer fruits and upon thy luxuriant vines the shouting (the battle shout, instead of the joyous shout of the grape-gatherers, usual at the vintage) is fallen" (사16:10; 렘25:30; 51:14). In the parallel passage (렘48:32) the words substantially express the same sense. "The spoiler is fallen upon thy summer fruits."
【사16:10 JFB】10. gladness—such as is felt in gathering a rich harvest. There shall be no harvest or vintage owing to the desolation; therefore no "gladness."
【사16:11 JFB】11. bowels—in Scripture the seat of yearning compassion. It means the inward seat of emotion, the heart, &c. (사63:15; compare 사15:5; 렘48:36).
sound … harp—as its strings vibrate when beaten with the plectrum or hand.
【사16:12 JFB】12. when it is seen that—rather, "When Moab shall have appeared (before his gods; compare 출23:15), when he is weary (that is, when he shall have fatigued himself with observing burdensome rites; 왕상18:26, &c.), on the high place (compare 사15:2), and shall come to his sanctuary (of the idol Chemosh on Mount Nebo) to pray, he shall not prevail"; he shall effect nothing by his prayers [Maurer].
【사16:13 JFB】13. since that time—rather, "respecting that time" [Horsley]. Barnes translates it, "formerly" in contrast to "but now" (사16:14): heretofore former prophecies (출15:15; 민21:29) have been given as to Moab, of which Isaiah has given the substance: but now a definite and steady time also is fixed.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.