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■ 베드로후서 1장
1. 예수 그리스도의 종과 사도인 시몬 베드로는 우리 하나님과 구주 예수 그리스도의 의를 힘입어 동일하게 보배로운 믿음을 우리와 같이 받은 자들에게 편지하노니
Simon Peter , a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ , to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ :
2. 하나님과 우리 주 예수를 앎으로 은혜와 평강이 너희에게 더욱 많을지어다
Grace and peace be multiplied unto you through the knowledge of God , and of Jesus our Lord ,
3. 그의 신기한 능력으로 생명과 경건에 속한 모든 것을 우리에게 주셨으니 이는 자기의 영광과 덕으로써 우리를 부르신 자를 앎으로 말미암음이라
According as his divine power hath given unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness , through the knowledge of him that hath called us to glory and virtue :
4. 이로써 그 보배롭고 지극히 큰 약속을 우리에게 주사 이 약속으로 말미암아 너희로 정욕을 인하여 세상에서 썩어질 것을 피하여 신의 성품에 참예하는 자가 되게 하려 하셨으니
Whereby are given unto us exceeding great and precious promises : that by these ye might be partakers of the divine nature , having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust .
5. 이러므로 너희가 더욱 힘써 너희 믿음에 덕을, 덕에 지식을,
And beside this , giving all diligence , add to your faith virtue ; and to virtue knowledge ;
6. 지식에 절제를, 절제에 인내를, 인내에 경건을,
And to knowledge temperance ; and to temperance patience ; and to patience godliness ;
7. 경건에 형제 우애를, 형제 우애에 사랑을 공급하라
And to godliness brotherly kindness ; and to brotherly kindness charity .
8. 이런 것이 너희에게 있어 흡족한즉 너희로 우리 주 예수 그리스도를 알기에 게으르지 않고 열매 없는 자가 되지 않게 하려니와
For if these things be in you , and abound , they make you that ye shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ .
9. 이런 것이 없는 자는 소경이라 원시치 못하고 그의 옛 죄를 깨끗케 하심을 잊었느니라
But he that lacketh these things is blind , and cannot see afar off , and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old sins .
10. 그러므로 형제들아 더욱 힘써 너희 부르심과 택하심을 굳게 하라 너희가 이것을 행한즉 언제든지 실족지 아니하리라
Wherefore the rather , brethren , give diligence to make your calling and election sure : for if ye do these things , ye shall never fall :
11. 이같이 하면 우리 주 곧 구주 예수 그리스도의 영원한 나라에 들어감을 넉넉히 너희에게 주시리라
For so an entrance shall be ministered unto you abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ .
12. 이러므로 너희가 이것을 알고 이미 있는 진리에 섰으나 내가 항상 너희로 생각하게 하려 하노라
Wherefore I will not be negligent to put you always in remembrance of these things , though ye know them, and be established in the present truth .
13. 내가 이 장막에 있을 동안에 너희를 일깨워 생각하게 함이 옳은 줄로 여기노니
Yea , I think it meet , as long as I am in this tabernacle , to stir you up by putting you in remembrance ;
14. 이는 우리 주 예수 그리스도께서 내게 지시하신 것 같이 나도 이 장막을 벗어날 것이 임박한 줄을 앎이라
Knowing that shortly I must put off this my tabernacle , even as our Lord Jesus Christ hath shewed me .
15. 내가 힘써 너희로 하여금 나의 떠난 후에라도 필요할 때는 이런 것을 생각나게 하려 하노라
Moreover I will endeavour that ye may be able after my decease to have these things always in remembrance .
16. 우리 주 예수 그리스도의 능력과 강림하심을 너희에게 알게 한 것이 공교히 만든 이야기를 좇은 것이 아니요 우리는 그의 크신 위엄을 친히 본 자라
For we have not followed cunningly devised fables , when we made known unto you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ , but were eyewitnesses of his majesty .
17. 지극히 큰 영광 중에서 이러한 소리가 그에게 나기를 이는 내 사랑하는 아들이요 내 기뻐하는 자라 하실 때에 저가 하나님 아버지께 존귀와 영광을 받으셨느니라
For he received from God the Father honour and glory , when there came such a voice to him from the excellent glory , This is my beloved Son , in whom I am well pleased .
18. 이 소리는 우리가 저와 함께 거룩한 산에 있을 때에 하늘로서 나옴을 들은 것이라
And this voice which came from heaven we heard , when we were with him in the holy mount .
19. 또 우리에게 더 확실한 예언이 있어 어두운 데 비취는 등불과 같으니 날이 새어 샛별이 너희 마음에 떠오르기까지 너희가 이것을 주의하는 것이 가하니라
We have also a more sure word of prophecy ; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed , as unto a light that shineth in a dark place , until the day dawn , and the day star arise in your hearts :
20. 먼저 알 것은 경의 모든 예언은 사사로이 풀 것이 아니니
Knowing this first , that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation .
21. 예언은 언제든지 사람의 뜻으로 낸 것이 아니요 오직 성령의 감동하심을 입은 사람들이 하나님께 받아 말한 것임이니라
For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man : but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost .
■ 주석 보기
【벧후1:1 JFB】벧후1:1-21. Address: Exhortation to All Graces, as God Has Given Us, in the Knowledge of Christ, All Things Pertaining to Life: Confirmed by the Testimony of Apostles, and Also Prophets, to the Power and Coming of Christ.
1. Simon—the Greek form: in oldest manuscripts, "Symeon" (Hebrew, that is, "hearing), as in 행15:14. His mention of his original name accords with the design of this Second Epistle, which is to warn against the coming false teachers, by setting forth the true "knowledge" of Christ on the testimony of the original apostolic eye-witnesses like himself. This was not required in the First Epistle.
servant—"slave": so Paul, 롬1:1.
to them, &c.—He addresses a wider range of readers (all believers) than in the First Epistle, 벧후1:1, but means to include especially those addressed in the First Epistle, as 벧후3:1 proves.
obtained—by grace. Applied by Peter to the receiving of the apostleship, literally, "by allotment": as the Greek is, Lu 1:9; 요19:24. They did not acquire it for themselves; the divine election is as independent of man's control, as the lot which is east forth.
like precious—"equally precious" to all: to those who believe, though not having seen Christ, as well as to Peter and those who have seen Him. For it lays hold of the same "exceeding great and precious promises," and the same "righteousness of God our Saviour." "The common salvation … the faith once delivered unto the saints" (Jude 3).
with us—apostles and eye-witnesses (벧후1:18). Though putting forward his apostleship to enforce his exhortation, he with true humility puts himself, as to "the faith," on a level with all other believers. The degree of faith varies in different believers; but in respect to its objects, present justification, sanctification, and future glorification, it is common alike to all. Christ is to all believers "made of God wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, and redemption."
through—Greek, "in." Translate, as the one article to both nouns requires, "the righteousness of Him who is (at once) our God and (our) Saviour." Peter, confirming Pau;'s testimony to the same churches, adopts Paul's inspired phraseology. The Gospel plan sets forth God's righteousness, which is Christ's righteousness, in the brightest light. Faith has its sphere IN it as its peculiar element: God is in redemption "righteous," and at the same time a "Saviour"; compare 사45:21, "a just God and a Saviour.
【벧후1:1 MHCC】Faith unites the weak believer to Christ, as really as it does the strong one, and purifies the heart of one as truly as of another; and every sincere believer is by his faith justified in the sight of God. Faith worketh godliness, and produces effects which no other grace in the soul can do. In Christ all fulness dwells, and pardon, peace, grace, and knowledge, and new principles, are thus given through the Holy Spirit. The promises to those who are partakers of a Divine nature, will cause us to inquire whether we are really renewed in the spirit of our minds; let us turn all these promises into prayers for the transforming and purifying grace of the Holy Spirit. The believer must add knowledge to his virtue, increasing acquaintance with the whole truth and will of God. We must add temperance to knowledge; moderation about worldly things; and add to temperance, patience, or cheerful submission to the will of God. Tribulation worketh patience, whereby we bear all calamities and crosses with silence and submission. To patience we must add godliness: this includes the holy affections and dispositions found in the true worshipper of God; with tender affection to all fellow Christians, who are children of the same Father, servants of the same Master, members of the same family, travellers to the same country, heirs of the same inheritance. Wherefore let Christians labour to attain assurance of their calling, and of their election, by believing and well-doing; and thus carefully to endeavour, is a firm argument of the grace and mercy of God, upholding them so that they shall not utterly fall. Those who are diligent in the work of religion, shall have a triumphant entrance into that everlasting kingdom where Christ reigns, and they shall reign with him for ever and ever; and it is in the practice of every good work that we are to expect entrance to heaven.
【벧후1:2 JFB】2. Grace … peace—(벧전1:2).
through—Greek, "in": the sphere IN which alone grace and peace can be multiplied.
knowledge—Greek, "full knowledge."
of God, and of Jesus our Lord—The Father is here meant by "God," but the Son in 벧후1:1: marking how entirely one the Father and Son are (요14:7-11). The Vulgate omits "of God and"; but oldest manuscripts support the words. Still the prominent object of Peter's exhortation is "the knowledge of Jesus our Lord" (a phrase only in 롬4:24), and, only secondarily, of the Father through Him (벧후1:8; 벧후2:20; 3:18).
【벧후1:3 JFB】3. According as, &c.—Seeing that [Alford]. "As He hath given us ALL things (needful) for life and godliness, (so) do you give us ALL diligence," &c. The oil and flame are given wholly of grace by God, and "taken" by believers: their part henceforth is to "trim their lamps" (compare 벧후1:3, 4 with 벧후1:5, &c.).
life and godliness—Spiritual life must exist first before there can be true godliness. Knowledge of God experimentally is the first step to life (요17:3). The child must have vital breath. first, and then cry to, and walk in the ways of, his father. It is not by godliness that we obtain life, but by life, godliness. To life stands opposed corruption; to godliness, lust (벧후1:4).
called us—(벧후1:10); "calling" (벧전2:9).
to glory and virtue—rather, "through (His) glory." Thus English Version reads as one oldest manuscript. But other oldest manuscripts and Vulgate read, "By His own (peculiar) glory and virtue"; being the explanation of "His divine power"; glory and moral excellency (the same attribute is given to God in 벧전2:9, "praises," literally, "virtues") characterize God's "power." "Virtue," the standing word in heathen ethics, is found only once in Paul (빌4:8), and in Peter in a distinct sense from its classic usage; it (in the heathen sense) is a term too low and earthly for expressing the gifts of the Spirit [Trench, Greek Synonyms of the New Testament].
【벧후1:4 JFB】4. Whereby, &c.—By His glory and virtue: His glory making the "promises" to be exceeding great; His virtue making them "precious" [Bengel]. Precious promises are the object of precious faith.
given—The promises themselves are a gift: for God's promises are as sure as if they were fulfilled.
by these—promises. They are the object of faith, and even now have a sanctifying effect on the believer, assimilating him to God. Still more so, when they shall be fulfilled.
might, &c.—Greek, "that ye MAY become partakers of the divine nature," even now in part; hereafter perfectly; 요일3:2, "We shall be like Him."
the divine nature—not God's essence, but His holiness, including His "glory" and "virtue," 벧후1:3; the opposite to "corruption through lust." Sanctification is the imparting to us of God Himself by the Holy Spirit in the soul. We by faith partake also of the material nature of Jesus (엡5:30). The "divine power" enables us to be partakers of "the divine nature."
escaped the corruption—which involves in, and with itself, destruction at last of soul and body; on "escaped" as from a condemned cell, compare 벧후2:18-20; 창19:17; 골1:13.
through—Greek, "in." "The corruption in the world" has its seat, not so much in the surrounding elements, as in the "lust" or concupiscence of men's hearts.
【벧후1:5 JFB】5. And beside this—rather, "And for this very reason," namely, "seeing that His divine power hath given unto us all things that pertain to life and godliness" (벧후1:3).
giving—literally, "introducing," side by side with God's gift, on your part "diligence." Compare an instance, 벧후1:10; 벧후3:14; 고후7:11.
all—all possible.
add—literally, "minister additionally," or, abundantly (compare Greek,고후9:10); said properly of the one who supplied all the equipments of a chorus. So accordingly, "there will be ministered abundantly unto you an entrance into the everlasting kingdom of our Saviour" (벧후1:11).
to—Greek, "in"; "in the possession of your faith, minister virtue. Their faith (answering to "knowledge of Him," 벧후1:3) is presupposed as the gift of God (벧후1:3; 엡2:8), and is not required to be ministered by us; in its exercise, virtue is to be, moreover, ministered. Each grace being assumed, becomes the stepping stone to the succeeding grace: and the latter in turn qualifies and completes the former. Faith leads the band; love brings up the rear [Bengel]. The fruits of faith specified are seven, the perfect number.
virtue—moral excellency; manly, strenuous energy, answering to the virtue (energetic excellency) of God.
and to—Greek, "in"; "and in (the exercise of) your virtue knowledge," namely, practical discrimination of good and evil; intelligent appreciation of what is the will of God in each detail of practice.
【벧후1:6 JFB】6.Greek, "And in your knowledge self-control." In the exercise of Christian knowledge or discernment of God's will, let there be the practical fruit of self-control as to one's lusts and passions. Incontinence weakens the mind; continence, or self-control, moves weakness and imparts strength And in your self-control patient endurance" amidst sufferings, so much dwelt on in the First Epistle, second, third, and fourth chapters. "And in your patient endurance godliness"; it is not to be mere stoical endurance, but united to [and flowing from] God-trusting [Alford].
【벧후1:7 JFB】7. "And in your godliness brotherly kindness"; not suffering your godliness to be moroseness, nor a sullen solitary habit of life, but kind, generous, and courteous [Alford]. Your natural affection and brotherly kindness are to be sanctified by godliness. "And in your brotherly kindness love," namely, to all men, even to enemies, in thought, word, and deed. From brotherly kindness we are to go forward to love. Compare 살전3:12, "Love one toward another (brotherly kindness), and toward all men (charity)." So charity completes the choir of graces in 골3:14. In a retrograde order, he who has love will exercise brotherly kindness; he who has brotherly kindness will feel godliness needful; the godly will mix nothing stoical with his patience; to the patient, temperance is easy; the temperate weighs things well, and so has knowledge; knowledge guards against sudden impulse carrying away its virtue [Bengel].
【벧후1:8 JFB】8. be—Greek, "subsist" that is, supposing these things to have an actual subsistence in you; "be" would express the mere matter-of-fact being (행16:20).
abound—more than in others; so the Greek.
make—"render," "constitute you," habitually, by the very fact of possessing these graces.
barren—"inactive," and, as a field lying fallow and unworked (Greek), so barren and useless.
unfruitful in—rather, … in respect to, "The full knowledge (Greek) of Christ" is the goal towards which all these graces tend. As their subsisting in us constitutes us not barren or idle, so their abounding in us constitutes us not unfruitful in respect to it. It is through doing His will, and so becoming like Him, that we grow in knowing Him (요7:17).
【벧후1:9 JFB】9. But—Greek, "For." Confirming the need of these graces (벧후1:5-8) by the fatal consequences of the want of them.
he that lacketh—Greek, "he to whom these are not present."
blind—as to the spiritual realities of the unseen world.
and cannot see afar off—explanatory of "blind." He closes his eyes (Greek) as unable to see distant objects (namely, heavenly things), and fixes his gaze on present and earthly things which alone he can see. Perhaps a degree of wilfulness in the blindness is implied in the Greek, "closing the eyes," which constitutes its culpability; hating and rebelling against the light shining around him.
forgotten—Greek, "contracted forgetfulness," wilful and culpable obliviousness.
that he was purged—The continually present sense of one's sins having been once for all forgiven, is the strongest stimulus to every grace (시130:4). This once-for-all accomplished cleansing of unbelievers at their new birth is taught symbolically by Christ, 요13:10, Greek, "He that has been bathed (once for all) needeth not save to wash his feet (of the soils contracted in the daily walk), but is clean every whit (in Christ our righteousness)." "Once purged (with Christ's blood), we should have no more consciousness of sin (as condemning us, 히10:2, because of God's promise)." Baptism is the sacramental pledge of this.
【벧후1:10 JFB】10. Wherefore—seeking the blessed consequence of having, and the evil effects of not having, these graces (벧후1:8, 9).
the rather—the more earnestly.
brethren—marking that it is affection for them which constrains him so earnestly to urge them. Nowhere else does he so address them, which makes his calling them so here the more emphatical.
give diligence—The Greek aorist implies one lifelong effect [Alford].
to make—Greek middle voice; to make so far as it depends on you; to do your part towards making. "To make" absolutely and finally is God's part, and would be in the active.
your calling and election sure—by ministering additionally in your faith virtue, and in your virtue knowledge, &c. God must work all these graces in us, yet not so that we should be mere machines, but willing instruments in His hands in making His election of us "secure." The ensuring of our election is spoken of not in respect to God, whose counsel is steadfast and everlasting, but in respect to our part. There is no uncertainty on His part, but on ours the only security is our faith in His promise and the fruits of the Spirit (벧후1:5-7, 11). Peter subjoins election to calling, because the calling is the effect and proof of God's election, which goes before and is the main thing (롬8:28, 30, 33, where God's "elect" are those "predestinated," and election is "His purpose," according to which He "called" them). We know His calling before His election, thereby calling is put first.
fall—Greek, "stumble" and fall finally (롬11:11). Metaphor from one stumbling in a race (고전9:24).
【벧후1:11 JFB】11. an entrance—rather as Greek, "the entrance" which ye look for.
ministered—the same verb as in 벧후1:5. Minister in your faith virtue and the other graces, so shall there be ministered to you the entrance into that heaven where these graces shine most brightly. The reward of grace hereafter shall correspond to the work of grace here.
abundantly—Greek, "richly." It answers to "abound," 벧후1:8. If these graces abound in you, you shall have your entrance into heaven not merely "scarcely" (as he had said, 벧전4:18), nor "so as by fire," like one escaping with life after having lost all his goods, but in triumph without "stumbling and falling."
【벧후1:12 JFB】12. Wherefore—as these graces are so necessary to your abundant entrance into Christ's kingdom (벧후1:10, 11).
I will not be negligent—The oldest manuscripts read, "I will be about always to put you in remembrance" (an accumulated future: I will regard you as always needing to be reminded): compare "I will endeavor," 벧후1:15. "I will be sure always to remind you" [Alford]. "Always"; implying the reason why he writes the second Epistle so soon after the first. He feels there is likely to be more and more need of admonition on account of the increasing corruption (벧후2:1, 2).
in the present truth—the Gospel truth now present with you: formerly promised to Old Testament believers as about to be, now in the New Testament actually present with, and in, believers, so that they are "established" in it as a "present" reality. Its importance renders frequent monitions never superfluous: compare Paul's similar apology, 롬15:14, 15.
【벧후1:12 MHCC】We must be established in the belief of the truth, that we may not be shaken by every wind of doctrine; and especially in the truth necessary for us to know in our day, what belongs to our peace, and what is opposed in our time. The body is but a tabernacle, or tent, of the soul. It is a mean and movable dwelling. The nearness of death makes the apostle diligent in the business of life. Nothing can so give composure in the prospect, or in the hour, of death, as to know that we have faithfully and simply followed the Lord Jesus, and sought his glory. Those who fear the Lord, talk of his loving-kindness. This is the way to spread the knowledge of the Lord; and by the written word, they are enabled to do this.
【벧후1:13 JFB】13. Yea—Greek, "But"; though "you know" the truth (벧후1:12).
this tabernacle—soon to be taken down (고후5:1): I therefore need to make the most of my short time for the good of Christ's Church. The zeal of Satan against it, the more intense as his time is short, ought to stimulate Christians on the same ground.
by—Greek, "in" (compare 벧후3:1).
【벧후1:14 JFB】14. shortly I must put off—Greek, "the putting off (as a garment) of my tabernacle is speedy": implying a soon approaching, and also a sudden death (as a violent death is). Christ's words, 요21:18, 19, "When thou art old," &c., were the ground of his "knowing," now that he was old, that his foretold martyrdom was near. Compare as to Paul, 딤후4:6. Though a violent death, he calls it a "departure" (Greek for "decease," 벧후1:15), compare 행7:60.
【벧후1:15 JFB】15. endeavour—"use my diligence": the same Greek word as in 벧후1:10: this is the field in which my diligence has scope. Peter thus fulfils Christ's charge, "Feed My sheep" (요21:16, 17).
decease—"departure." The very word ("exodus") used in the Transfiguration, Moses and Elias conversing about Christ's decease (found nowhere else in the New Testament, but 히11:22, "the departing of Israel" out of Egypt, to which the saints' deliverance from the present bondage of corruption answers). "Tabernacle" is another term found here as well as there (Lu 9:31, 33): an undesigned coincidence confirming Peter's authorship of this Epistle.
that ye may be able—by the help of this written Epistle; and perhaps also of Mark's Gospel, which Peter superintended.
always—Greek, "on each occasion": as often as occasion may require.
to have … in remembrance—Greek, "to exercise remembrance of." Not merely "to remember," as sometimes we do, things we care not about; but "have them in (earnest) remembrance," as momentous and precious truths.
【벧후1:16 JFB】16. For—reason why he is so earnest that the remembrance of these things should be continued after his death.
followed—out in detail.
cunningly devised—Greek, "devised by (man's) wisdom"; as distinguished from what the Holy Ghost teaches (compare 고전3:13). But compare also 벧후2:3, "feigned words."
fables—as the heathen mythologies, and the subsequent Gnostic "fables and genealogies," of which the germs already existed in the junction of Judaism with Oriental philosophy in Asia Minor. A precautionary protest of the Spirit against the rationalistic theory of the Gospel history being myth.
when we made known unto you—not that Peter himself had personally taught the churches in Pontus, Galatia, &c., but he was one of the apostles whose testimony was borne to them, and to the Church in general, to whom this Epistle is addressed (벧후1:1, including, but not restricted, as First Peter, to the churches in Pontus, &c.).
power—the opposite of "fables"; compare the contrast of "word" and "power," 고전4:20. A specimen of His power was given at the Transfiguration also of His "coming" again, and its attendant glory. The Greek for "coming" is always used of His second advent. A refutation of the scoffers (벧후3:4): I, James and John, saw with our own eyes a mysterious sample of His coming glory.
were—Greek, "were made."
eye-witnesses—As initiated spectators of mysteries (so the Greek), we were admitted into His innermost secrets, namely, at the Transfiguration.
his—emphatical (compare Greek): "THAT great One'smajesty."
【벧후1:16 MHCC】The gospel is no weak thing, but comes in power, 롬1:16. The law sets before us our wretched state by sin, but there it leaves us. It discovers our disease, but does not make known the cure. It is the sight of Jesus crucified, in the gospel, that heals the soul. Try to dissuade the covetous worlding from his greediness, one ounce of gold weighs down all reasons. Offer to stay a furious man from anger by arguments, he has not patience to hear them. Try to detain the licentious, one smile is stronger with him than all reason. But come with the gospel, and urge them with the precious blood of Jesus Christ, shed to save their souls from hell, and to satisfy for their sins, and this is that powerful pleading which makes good men confess that their hearts burn within them, and bad men, even an Agrippa, to say they are almost persuaded to be Christians, 행26:28. God is well pleased with Christ, and with us in him. This is the Messiah who was promised, through whom all who believe in him shall be accepted and saved. The truth and reality of the gospel also are foretold by the prophets and penmen of the Old Testament, who spake and wrote under influence, and according to the direction of the Spirit of God. How firm and sure should our faith be, who have such a firm and sure word to rest upon! When the light of the Scripture is darted into the blind mind and dark understanding, by the Holy Spirit of God, it is like the day-break that advances, and diffuses itself through the whole soul, till it makes perfect day. As the Scripture is the revelation of the mind and will of God, every man ought to search it, to understand the sense and meaning. The Christian knows that book to be the word of God, in which he tastes a sweetness, and feels a power, and sees a glory, truly divine. And the prophecies already fulfilled in the person and salvation of Christ, and in the great concerns of the church and the world, form an unanswerable proof of the truth of Christianity. The Holy Ghost inspired holy men to speak and write. He so assisted and directed them in delivering what they had received from him, that they clearly expressed what they made known. So that the Scriptures are to be accounted the words of the Holy Ghost, and all the plainness and simplicity, all the power and all the propriety of the words and expressions, come from God. Mix faith with what you find in the Scriptures, and esteem and reverence the Bible as a book written by holy men, taught by the Holy Ghost.
【벧후1:17 JFB】17. received … honour—in the voice that spake to Him.
glory—in the light which shone around Him.
came—Greek, "was borne": the same phrase occurs only in 벧전1:13; one of several instances showing that the argument against the authenticity of this Second Epistle, from its dissimilarity of style as compared with First Peter, is not well founded.
such a voice—as he proceeds to describe.
from the excellent glory—rather as Greek, "by (that is, uttered by) the magnificent glory (that is, by God: as His glorious manifested presence is often called by the Hebrews "the Glory," compare "His Excellency," 신33:26; 시21:5)."
in whom—Greek, "in regard to whom" (accusative case); but 마17:5, "in whom" (dative case) centers and rests My good pleasure. Peter also omits, as not required by his purpose, "hear Him," showing his independence in his inspired testimony.
I am—Greek aorist, past time, "My good pleasure rested from eternity."
【벧후1:18 JFB】18. which came—rather as Greek, "we heard borne from heaven."
holy mount—as the Transfiguration mount came to be regarded, on account of the manifestation of Christ's divine glory there.
we—emphatical: we, James and John, as well as myself.
【벧후1:19 JFB】19. We—all believers.
a more sure—rather as Greek, "we have the word of prophecy more sure (confirmed)." Previously we knew its sureness by faith, but, through that visible specimen of its hereafter entire fulfilment, assurance is made doubly sure. Prophecy assures us that Christ's sufferings, now past, are to be followed by Christ's glory, still future: the Transfiguration gives us a pledge to make our faith still stronger, that "the day" of His glory will "dawn" ere long. He does not mean to say that "the word of prophecy," or Scripture, is surer than the voice of God heard at the Transfiguration, as English Version; for this is plainly not the fact. The fulfilment of prophecy so far in Christ's history makes us the surer of what is yet to be fulfilled, His consummated glory. The word was the "lamp (Greek for 'light') heeded" by Old Testament believers, until a gleam of the "day dawn" was given at Christ's first coming, and especially in His Transfiguration. So the word is a lamp to us still, until "the day" burst forth fully at the second coming of "the Sun of righteousness." The day, when it dawns upon you, makes sure the fact that you saw correctly, though indistinctly, the objects revealed by the lamp.
whereunto—to which word of prophecy, primarily the Old Testament in Peter's day; but now also in our day the New Testament, which, though brighter than the Old Testament (compare 요일2:8, end), is but a lamp even still as compared with the brightness of the eternal day (compare 벧후3:2). Oral teachings and traditions of ministers are to be tested by the written word (행17:11).
dark—The Greek implies squalid, having neither water nor light: such spiritually is the world without, and the smaller world (microcosm) within, the heart in its natural state. Compare the "dry places" Lu 11:24 (namely, unwatered by the Spirit), through which the unclean spirit goeth.
dawn—bursting through the darkness.
day star—Greek, the morning star," as 계22:16. The Lord Jesus.
in your hearts—Christ's arising in the heart by His Spirit giving full assurance, creates spiritually full day in the heart, the means to which is prayerfully giving heed to the word. This is associated with the coming of the day of the Lord, as being the earnest of it. Indeed, even our hearts shall not fully realize Christ in all His unspeakable glory and felt presence, until He shall come (말4:2). 사66:14, 15, "When you see this, your heart shall rejoice … For, behold, the Lord will come." However, Tregelles' punctuation is best, "whereunto ye do well to take heed (as unto a light shining in a dark place, until the day have dawned and the morning star arisen) in your hearts." For the day has already dawned in the heart of believers; what they wait for is its visible manifestation at Christ's coming.
【벧후1:20 JFB】20. "Forasmuch as ye know this" (벧전1:18).
first—the foremost consideration in studying the word of prophecy. Laying it down as a first principle never to be lost sight of.
is—Greek, not the simple verb, to be, but to begin to be, "proves to be," "becometh." No prophecy is found to be the result of "private (the mere individual writer's uninspired) interpretation" (solution), and so origination. The Greek noun epilusis, does not mean in itself origination; but that which the sacred writer could not always fully interpret, though being the speaker or writer (as 벧전1:10-12 implies), was plainly not of his own, but of God's disclosure, origination, and inspiration, as Peter proceeds to add, "But holy men … spake (and afterwards wrote) … moved by the Holy Ghost": a reason why ye should "give" all "heed" to it. The parallelism to 벧후1:16 shows that "private interpretation," contrasted with "moved by the Holy Ghost," here answers to "fables devised by (human) wisdom," contrasted with "we were eye-witnesses of His majesty," as attested by the "voice from God." The words of the prophetical (and so of all) Scripture writers were not mere words of the individuals, and therefore to be interpreted by them, but of "the Holy Ghost" by whom they were "moved." "Private" is explained, 벧후1:21, "by the will of man" (namely, the individual writer). In a secondary sense the text teaches also, as the word is the Holy Spirit's, it cannot be interpreted by its readers (any more than by its writers) by their mere private human powers, but by the teaching of the Holy Ghost (요16:14). "He who is the author of Scripture is its supreme interpreter" [Gerhard]. Alford translates, "springs not out of human interpretation," that is, is not a prognostication made by a man knowing what he means when he utters it, but," &c. (요11:49-52). Rightly: except that the verb is rather, doth become, or prove to be. It not being of private interpretation, you must "give heed" to it, looking for the Spirit's illumination "in your hearts" (compare Note, see on 벧후1:19).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.