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■ 민수기 28장
1. 여호와께서 모세에게 일러 가라사대
And the Lord spake unto Moses , saying ,
2. 이스라엘 자손에게 명하여 그들에게 이르라 나의 예물, 나의 식물되는 화제, 나의 향기로운 것은 너희가 그 정한 시기에 삼가 내게 드릴지니라
Command the children of Israel , and say unto them, My offering , and my bread for my sacrifices made by fire , for a sweet savour unto me, shall ye observe to offer unto me in their due season .
3. 또 그들에게 이르라 너희가 여호와께 드릴 화제는 이러하니 일 년 되고 흠 없는 수양을 매일 둘씩 상번제로 드리되
And thou shalt say unto them, This is the offering made by fire which ye shall offer unto the Lord ; two lambs of the first year without spot day by day , for a continual burnt offering .
4. 한 어린 양은 아침에 드리고 한 어린 양은 해 질 때에 드릴 것이요
The one lamb shalt thou offer in the morning , and the other lamb shalt thou offer at even ;
5. 또 고운 가루 에바 십분지 일에 빻아낸 기름 힌 사분지 일을 섞어서 소제로 드릴 것이니
And a tenth part of an ephah of flour for a meat offering , mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil .
6. 이는 시내 산에서 정한 상번제로서 여호와께 드리는 향기로운 화제며
It is a continual burnt offering , which was ordained in mount Sinai for a sweet savour , a sacrifice made by fire unto the Lord .
7. 또 그 전제는 어린 양 하나에 힌 사분지 일을 드리되 거룩한 곳에서 여호와께 독주의 전제를 부어 드릴 것이며
And the drink offering thereof shall be the fourth part of an hin for the one lamb : in the holy place shalt thou cause the strong wine to be poured unto the Lord for a drink offering .
8. 해 질 때에는 그 한 어린 양을 드리되 그 소제와 전제를 아침 것 같이 여호와께 향기로운 화제로 드릴 것이니라
And the other lamb shalt thou offer at even : as the meat offering of the morning , and as the drink offering thereof, thou shalt offer it, a sacrifice made by fire , of a sweet savour unto the Lord .
9. 안식일에는 일 년 되고 흠 없는 수양 둘과 고운 가루 에바 십분지 이에 기름 섞은 소제와 그 전제를 드릴 것이니
And on the sabbath day two lambs of the first year without spot , and two tenth deals of flour for a meat offering , mingled with oil , and the drink offering thereof:
10. 이는 매 안식일의 번제라 상번제와 그 전제 외에니라
This is the burnt offering of every sabbath , beside the continual burnt offering , and his drink offering .
11. 월삭에는 수송아지 둘과 수양 하나와 일 년 되고 흠 없은 수양 일곱으로 여호와께 번제를 드리되
And in the beginnings of your months ye shall offer a burnt offering unto the Lord ; two young bullocks , and one ram , seven lambs of the first year without spot ;
12. 매 수송아지에는 고운 가루 에바 십분지 삼에 기름 섞은 소제와 수양 하나에는 고운 가루 에바 십분지 이에 기름 섞은 소제와
And three tenth deals of flour for a meat offering , mingled with oil , for one bullock ; and two tenth deals of flour for a meat offering , mingled with oil , for one ram ;
13. 매 어린 양에는 고운 가루 에바 십분지 일에 기름 섞은 소제를 향기로운 번제로 여호와께 화제로 드릴 것이며
And a several tenth deal of flour mingled with oil for a meat offering unto one lamb ; for a burnt offering of a sweet savour , a sacrifice made by fire unto the Lord .
14. 그 전제는 수송아지 하나에 포도주 반 힌이요 수양 하나에 삼분지 일 힌이요 어린 양 하나에 사분지 일 힌이니 이는 일 년 중 매 월삭의 번제며
And their drink offerings shall be half an hin of wine unto a bullock , and the third part of an hin unto a ram , and a fourth part of an hin unto a lamb : this is the burnt offering of every month throughout the months of the year .
15. 또 상번제와 그 전제 외에 수염소 하나를 속죄제로 여호와께 드릴 것이니라
And one kid of the goats for a sin offering unto the Lord shall be offered , beside the continual burnt offering , and his drink offering .
16. 정월 십사일은 여호와의 유월절이며
And in the fourteenth day of the first month is the passover of the Lord .
17. 또 그 달 십오일 부터는 절일이니 칠 일 동안 무교병을 먹을 것이며
And in the fifteenth day of this month is the feast : seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten .
18. 그 첫날에는 성회로 모일 것이요 아무 노동도 하지 말 것이며
In the first day shall be an holy convocation ; ye shall do no manner of servile work therein:
19. 수송아지 둘과 수양 하나와 일 년 된 수양 일곱을 다 흠 없은 것으로 여호와께 화제를 드려 번제가 되게 할 것이며
But ye shall offer a sacrifice made by fire for a burnt offering unto the Lord ; two young bullocks , and one ram , and seven lambs of the first year : they shall be unto you without blemish :
20. 그 소제로는 고운 가루에 기름을 섞어서 쓰되 수송아지 하나에는 에바 십분지 삼이요 수양 하나에는 에바 십분지 이를 드리고
And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil : three tenth deals shall ye offer for a bullock , and two tenth deals for a ram ;
21. 어린 양 일곱에는 매 어린 양에 에바 십분지 일을 드릴 것이며
A several tenth deal shalt thou offer for every lamb , throughout the seven lambs :
22. 또 너희를 속하기 위하여 수염소 하나로 속죄제를 드리되
And one goat for a sin offering , to make an atonement for you.
23. 아침의 번제 곧 상번제 외에 그것들을 드릴 것이니라
Ye shall offer these beside the burnt offering in the morning , which is for a continual burnt offering .
24. 너희는 이 순서대로 칠 일 동안 매일 여호와께 향기로운 화제의 식물을 드리되 상번제와 그 전제 외에 드릴 것이며
After this manner ye shall offer daily , throughout the seven days , the meat of the sacrifice made by fire , of a sweet savour unto the Lord : it shall be offered beside the continual burnt offering , and his drink offering .
25. 제칠일에는 성회로 모일 것이요 아무 노동도 하지 말 것이니라
And on the seventh day ye shall have an holy convocation ; ye shall do no servile work .
26. 칠칠절 처음 익은 열매 드리는 날에 너희가 여호와께 새 소제를 드릴 때에도 성회로 모일 것이요 아무 노동도 하지 말 것이며
Also in the day of the firstfruits , when ye bring a new meat offering unto the Lord , after your weeks be out, ye shall have an holy convocation ; ye shall do no servile work :
27. 수송아지 둘과 수양 하나와 일 년 된 수양 일곱으로 여호와께 향기로운 번제를 드릴 것이며
But ye shall offer the burnt offering for a sweet savour unto the Lord ; two young bullocks , one ram , seven lambs of the first year ;
28. 그 소제로는 고운 가루에 기름을 섞어서 쓰되 매 수송아지에는 에바 십분지 삼이요 수양 하나에는 에바 십분지 이요
And their meat offering of flour mingled with oil , three tenth deals unto one bullock , two tenth deals unto one ram ,
29. 어린 양 일곱에는 매 어린 양에 에바 십분지 일을 드릴 것이며
A several tenth deal unto one lamb , throughout the seven lambs ;
30. 또 너희를 속하기 위하여 수염소 하나를 드리되
And one kid of the goats , to make an atonement for you.
31. 너희는 다 흠 없는 것으로 상번제와 그 소제와 전제 외에 그것들을 드릴 것이니라
Ye shall offer them beside the continual burnt offering , and his meat offering , (they shall be unto you without blemish ) and their drink offerings .
■ 주석 보기
【민28:1 JFB】민28:1-31. Offerings to Be Observed.
【민28:1 CWC】[BALAAM'S SCHEME AND ITS CONSEQUENCES]
We are not through with the "hireling" prophet. We find him referred to in three places in the New Testament. 벧후2:5 speaks of his "way," Jude 11 of his "error" and 계2:14 of his "doctrine."
His way is that which characterizes all false teachers, viz: making a market of their gifts. His error lay in failing to see the principle of the vicarious atonement by which God can be just and yet the justifier of believing sinners (롬3:26). In other words, he felt that a holy God must curse such a people as Israel, knowing only a natural morality. His doctrine, which concerns us more particularly just now, refers to his teaching Balak to corrupt the people whom he could not curse (compa계25:1-3 with 31:16). -- Scofield Bible.
1. Harlotry and Idolatry, c. 25.
Into what sin did the people fall (1)? This fall in morality was soon followed by what fall in religion (2, 3)? Baal was a general name for "lord" and "peor" for a mount in Moab. The real name of this lord of the mount was Chemosh, whose worship was celebrated by the grossest obscenity.
What punishment fell on them (4, 5)? Capital punishment in Israel meant that the victim was first stoned to death or otherwise slain, and then gibbeted. "The heads of the people" means the chief leaders in the outrage.
Verse 6 speaks of a flagitious act in connection with this disgraceful conduct, promptly revenged by whom (7)? What reward to him follows (12, 13)? What judgment had come to Israel (8)? What judgment does God order upon the Midianites (17, 18)?
2. Second Numbering, c. 26.
What new command is now given Moses (1, 2)? The probability is that the plague just mentioned had swept away the last of the older generation and hence the census.
This census was necessary to preserve the distinction of families in connection with the distribution of Canaan soon to take place.
By comparing the numbers with those of chapter 1, it will be seen that divine judgments had reduced the ranks of some of the tribes which had been particularly disobedient, while others had been increased so that Israel still continued about the same in numbers at the close of this period of thirty-eight years as at the beginning. What was the total diminution?
Before passing to the next chapter observe verse 64 and note that its statement must not be considered absolute. For, besides Caleb and Joshua, there were alive at this time Eleazar and Ithamar, and in all probability a number of Levites, who had no participation in the defections in the wilderness. The tribe of Levi, having neither sent a spy into Canaan, nor being included in the enumeration at Sinai, must be regarded as not coming within the range of the sentence; and therefore would exhibit a spectacle not witnessed in the other tribes of many in their ranks above sixty years of age -- Bible Commentary.
3. A Brief Glance at Chapters 27 to 30.
We pass over the request of the daughters of Zelophehad (27:1-11), the injunction to Moses (12-14), and the ordination of Joshua (15-23), as requiring no explanation under the circumstances. The same may be said about the offerings (chapter 28) whose repetition was necessary doubtless because a new generation had sprung up since their enactment, and because the people would soon be settled in the land where they could be observed.
4. The Midianites Judged, and Balaam Slain, c. 31.
What is practically the last command Moses received from God (1, 2)?
The Midianites, as may be recalled, were descendants of the marriage of Abraham with Keturah, and occupied the east and the southeast of Moab. They were the chief actors in the plot to seduce Israel into idolatry, by which it was hoped Jehovah would withdraw His blessing from them and permit their enemies to triumph. Were the plan successful it would mean in so far the defeat of God's purpose for the redemption of the nations through the instrumentality of Israel as we have already learned. An understanding of this fact is necessary to preserve this chapter from misinterpretation.
A Religious War.
Who were to be avenged according to Jehovah (2)? And who according to Moses (3)? How interesting to perceive here another illustration of the identification of God with His people! They have the same cause, the same friends, and the same enemies. Compare 행9:4, 5.
And note another circumstance equally strange as the world considers things; viz: the preparation for death enjoined upon Moses! Were these Midianites his own enemies merely, one would expect him to be exhorted to forgive them and thus "die in peace with all the world." But being God's enemies, the most appropriate close of his earthly career would be to execute God's judgment upon them.
Are there not lessons here for the peace advocates of this century? While sympathizing with them in many things, yet if they expect wars to cease until God has had a final settlement with the wicked nations of the earth, they are yet in the primary class of Bible instruction.
"Some Things Hard to be Understood."
The faith of some will stumble at things in this record, but a deeper knowledge of God makes all plain, and our duty is to trust Him until that knowledge comes.
(1) The slaying of the males (7), was in accordance with the divine principle in all such cases, as shown in 신20:13. In this instance, however, the destruction seems to have been only partial, if we may judge by 삿6:1 and the following verses. Perhaps this is explained by the circumstance that only those families were slain who were in the neighborhood of the Hebrew camp or had been accomplices in the plot. Many may have saved themselves by flight.
(2) The slaying of Balaam (8) raises a question when we compare the statement with chapter 24:25. Perhaps he changed his plan about returning home after starting, and remained among the Midianites for the evil purpose already spoken of; or, learning that Israel had fallen into the snare laid, he may have returned to demand his reward from Midian. His judgment was just in consideration of his sin in the light of special revelations received from God.
(3) The killing of the women and children (14-18) will stagger us till we remember that Moses' wrath was not an ebullition of temper, but an expression of enlightened regard for the will of God, and the highest interests of Israel. By their conduct the women had forfeited all claims to other treatment, especially in view of the sacred character of this war. As to the male children, it is to be remembered that a war of extermination required their destruction. We will deal with this subject more fully when we come to the broader illustration in the destruction of the Canaanites in Joshua.
(4) Observe the declaration in verses 48-50, especially the last clause of 49. Here we have an astonishing miracle witnessing to the interposition of God in this whole matter, and in so far silencing every objection raised on the ground of cruelty and injustice. Compare here the opening verses of Psalm 44, and other similar places. These judgments of God on sin and disobedience should open our eyes to its nature, should cause us to tremble at the fear of it, and adore the grace which has given such guilty souls as we a sin bearer in Jesus Christ.
【민28:1 MHCC】God saw fit now to repeat the law of sacrifices. This was a new generation of men; and they were concerned to keep their peace with God when at war with their enemies. The daily sacrifice is called a continual burnt-offering; when we are bid to pray always, at least every morning and evening we should offer up solemn prayers and praises to God. Nothing is added here but that the wine poured out in the drink-offering is to be strong wine, to teach us to serve God with the best we have. It was a figure of the blood of Christ, the memorial of which is still left to the church in wine; and of the blood of the martyrs, which was poured out as a drink-offering on the sacrifice and service of our faith, 빌2:17.
【민28:2 JFB】2. Command the children of Israel, and say unto them—The repetition of several laws formerly enacted, which is made in this chapter, was seasonable and necessary, not only on account of their importance and the frequent neglect of them, but because a new generation had sprung up since their first institution and because the Israelites were about to be settled in the land where those ordinances were to be observed.
My offering, and my bread—used generally for the appointed offerings, and the import of the prescription is to enforce regularity and care in their observance.
【민28:9 JFB】9, 10. This is the burnt offering of every sabbath—There is no previous mention of a Sabbath burnt offering, which was additional to the daily sacrifices.
【민28:9 MHCC】Every sabbath day, beside the two lambs offered for the daily burnt-offering, there must be two more offered. This teaches us to double our devotions on sabbath days, for so the duty of the day requires. The sabbath rest is to be observed, in order more closely to apply ourselves to the sabbath work, which ought to fill up the sabbath time. The offerings in the new moons showed thankfulness for the renewing of earthly blessings: when we rejoice in the gifts of providence, we must make the sacrifice of Christ, that great gift of special grace, the fountain and spring-head of our joy. And the worship performed in the new moons is made typical of gospel solemnities, 사66:23. As the moon borrows light from the sun, and is renewed by its influences; so the church borrows her light from Jesus Christ, who is the Sun of righteousness, renewing the state of the church, especially under the gospel. (민28:16-31)
【민28:11 JFB】11-15. And in the beginnings of your months ye shall offer a burnt offering unto the Lord—These were held as sacred festivals; and though not possessing the character of solemn feasts, they were distinguished by the blowing of trumpets over the sacrifices (민10:10), by the suspension of all labor except the domestic occupations of women (암8:5), by the celebration of public worship (왕하4:23), and by social or family feasts (삼상20:5). These observations are not prescribed in the law though they obtained in the practice of a later time. The beginning of the month was known, not by astronomical calculations, but, according to Jewish writers, by the testimony of messengers appointed to watch the first visible appearance of the new moon; and then the fact was announced through the whole country by signal-fires kindled on the mountain tops. The new-moon festivals having been common among the heathen, it is probable that an important design of their institution in Israel was to give the minds of that people a better direction; and assuming this to have been one of the objects contemplated, it will account for one of the kids being offered unto the Lord (민28:15), not unto the moon, as the Egyptians and Syrians did. The Sabbath and the new moon are frequently mentioned together.
【민28:16 JFB】16-25. in the fourteenth day of the first month is the passover—The law for that great annual festival is given (레23:5), but some details are here introduced, as certain specified offerings are prescribed to be made on each of the seven days of unleavened bread [민28:18-25].
【민28:16 MHCC】By the sacrifices enjoined in this chapter, we are reminded of the continued power of the sacrifice of Christ, and of our continual need to depend thereon. No hurrying employments, or perilous situations, or prosperous circumstances, should cause slackness in our religious exercises; but should rather stir us up to greater diligence in seeking help from, or giving thanks to the Lord. And all is to be accompanied with repentance, faith is the Lord Jesus, and love to him, and to produce true holiness in our conduct towards all men; otherwise God will abhor our most solemn services and abundant devotions. And Christ is able to supply the wants of every day, every week, every month, every year, every ordinance, every case.
【민28:26 JFB】26, 27. in the day of the first-fruits … offer the burnt offering—A new sacrifice is here ordered for the celebration of this festival, in addition to the other offering, which was to accompany the first-fruits (레23:18).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.