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■ 민수기 13장
1. 여호와께서 모세에게 일러 가라사대
And the Lord spake unto Moses , saying ,
2. 사람을 보내어 내가 이스라엘 자손에게 주는 가나안 땅을 탐지하게 하되 그 종족의 각 지파 중에서 족장 된 자 한 사람씩 보내라
Send thou men , that they may search the land of Canaan , which I give unto the children of Israel : of every tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man , every one a ruler among them.
3. 모세가 여호와의 명을 좇아 바란 광야에서 그들을 보내었으니 그들은 다 이스라엘 자손의 두령된 사람이라
And Moses by the commandment of the Lord sent them from the wilderness of Paran : all those men were heads of the children of Israel .
4. 그들의 이름은 이러하니라 르우벤 지파에서는 삭굴의 아들 삼무아요
And these were their names : of the tribe of Reuben , Shammua the son of Zaccur .
5. 시므온 지파에서는 호리의 아들 사밧이요
Of the tribe of Simeon , Shaphat the son of Hori .
6. 유다 지파에서는 여분네의 아들 갈렙이요
Of the tribe of Judah , Caleb the son of Jephunneh .
7. 잇사갈 지파에서는 요셉의 아들 이갈이요
Of the tribe of Issachar , Igal the son of Joseph .
8. 에브라임 지파에서는 눈의 아들 호세아요
Of the tribe of Ephraim , Oshea the son of Nun .
9. 베냐민 지파에서는 라부의 아들 발디요
Of the tribe of Benjamin , Palti the son of Raphu .
10. 스불론 지파에서는 소디의 아들 갓디엘이요
Of the tribe of Zebulun , Gaddiel the son of Sodi .
11. 요셉 지파 곧 므낫세 지파에서는 수시의 아들 갓디요
Of the tribe of Joseph , namely, of the tribe of Manasseh , Gaddi the son of Susi .
12. 단 지파에서는 그말리의 아들 암미엘이요
Of the tribe of Dan , Ammiel the son of Gemalli .
13. 아셀 지파에서는 미가엘의 아들 스둘이요
Of the tribe of Asher , Sethur the son of Michael .
14. 납달리 지파에서는 웝시의 아들 나비요
Of the tribe of Naphtali , Nahbi the son of Vophsi .
15. 갓 지파에서는 마기의 아들 그우엘이니
Of the tribe of Gad , Geuel the son of Machi .
16. 이는 모세가 땅을 탐지하러 보낸 자들의 이름이라 모세가 눈의 아들 호세아를 여호수아라 칭하였더라
These are the names of the men which Moses sent to spy out the land . And Moses called Oshea the son of Nun Jehoshua .
17. 모세가 가나안 땅을 탐지하러 그들을 보내며 이르되 너희는 남방길로 행하여 산지로 올라가서
And Moses sent them to spy out the land of Canaan , and said unto them, Get you up this way southward , and go up into the mountain :
18. 그 땅의 어떠함을 탐지하라 곧 그 땅 거민의 강약과 다소와
And see the land , what it is; and the people that dwelleth therein, whether they be strong or weak , few or many ;
19. 그들의 거하는 땅의 호 불호와 거하는 성읍이 진영인지 산성인지와
And what the land is that they dwell in , whether it be good or bad ; and what cities they be that they dwell in , whether in tents , or in strong holds ;
20. 토지의 후박과 수목의 유무니라 담대하라 또 그 땅 실과를 가져오라 하니 그 때는 포도가 처음 익을 즈음이었더라
And what the land is, whether it be fat or lean , whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage , and bring of the fruit of the land . Now the time was the time of the firstripe grapes .
21. 이에 그들이 올라 가서 땅을 탐지하되 신 광야에서부터 하맛 어귀 르홉에 이르렀고
So they went up , and searched the land from the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob , as men come to Hamath .
22. 또 남방으로 올라가서 헤브론에 이르렀으니 헤브론은 애굽 소안보다 칠 년 전에 세운 곳이라 그 곳에 아낙 자손 아히만과 세새와 달매가 있었더라
And they ascended by the south , and came unto Hebron ; where Ahiman , Sheshai , and Talmai , the children of Anak , were. (Now Hebron was built seven years before Zoan in Egypt .)
23. 또 에스골 골짜기에 이르러 거기서 포도 한 송이 달린 가지를 베어 둘이 막대기에 꿰어 메고 또 석류와 무화과를 취하니라
And they came unto the brook of Eshcol , and cut down from thence a branch with one cluster of grapes , and they bare it between two upon a staff ; and they brought of the pomegranates , and of the figs .
24. 이스라엘 자손이 거기서 포도송이를 벤 고로 그 곳을 에스골 골짜기라 칭하였더라
The place was called the brook Eshcol , because of the cluster of grapes which the children of Israel cut down from thence.
25. 사십 일 동안에 땅을 탐지하기를 마치고 돌아와
And they returned from searching of the land after forty days .
26. 바란 광야 가데스에 이르러 모세와 아론과 이스라엘 자손의 온 회중에게 나아와 그들에게 회보하고 그 땅 실과를 보이고
And they went and came to Moses , and to Aaron , and to all the congregation of the children of Israel , unto the wilderness of Paran , to Kadesh ; and brought back word unto them, and unto all the congregation , and shewed them the fruit of the land .
27. 모세에게 보고하여 가로되 당신이 우리를 보낸 땅에 간즉 과연 젓과 꿀이 그 땅에 흐르고 이것은 그 땅의 실과니이다
And they told him, and said , We came unto the land whither thou sentest us, and surely it floweth with milk and honey ; and this is the fruit of it.
28. 그러나 그 땅 거민은 강하고 성읍은 견고하고 심히 클 뿐 아니라 거기서 아낙 자손을 보았으며
Nevertheless the people be strong that dwell in the land , and the cities are walled , and very great : and moreover we saw the children of Anak there.
29. 아말렉인은 남방 땅에 거하고 헷인과 여부스인과 아모리인은 산지에 거하고 가나안인은 해변과 요단 가에 거하더이다
The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south : and the Hittites , and the Jebusites , and the Amorites , dwell in the mountains : and the Canaanites dwell by the sea , and by the coast of Jordan .
30. 갈렙이 모세 앞에서 백성을 안돈시켜 가로되 우리가 곧 올라가서 그 땅을 취하자 능히 이기리라 하나
And Caleb stilled the people before Moses , and said , Let us go up at once , and possess it; for we are well able to overcome it.
31. 그와 함께 올라갔던 사람들은 가로되 우리는 능히 올라가서 그 백성을 치지 못하리라 그들은 우리보다 강하니라 하고
But the men that went up with him said , We be not able to go up against the people ; for they are stronger than we.
32. 이스라엘 자손 앞에서 그 탐지한 땅을 악평하여 가로되 우리가 두루 다니며 탐지한 땅은 그 거민을 삼키는 땅이요 거기서 본 모든 백성은 신장이 장대한 자들이며
And they brought up an evil report of the land which they had searched unto the children of Israel , saying , The land , through which we have gone to search it, is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw in it are men of a great stature .
33. 거기서 또 네피림 후손 아낙 자손 대장부들을 보았나니 우리는 스스로 보기에도 메뚜기 같으니 그들의 보기에도 그와 같았을 것이니라
And there we saw the giants , the sons of Anak , which come of the giants : and we were in our own sight as grasshoppers , and so we were in their sight .
■ 주석 보기
【민13:1 JFB】민13:1-33. The Names of the Men Who Were Sent to Search the Land.
1, 2. The Lord spake unto Moses, Send thou men, that they may search the land, of Canaan—Compare 신1:22, whence it appears, that while the proposal of delegating confidential men from each tribe to explore the land of Canaan emanated from the people who petitioned for it, the measure received the special sanction of God, who granted their request at once as a trial, and a punishment of their distrust.
【민13:1 CWC】[THE CRISIS AT KADESH-BARNEA]
The unbelief exhibited at Kadesh-barnea, and the divine comment on it invest the transaction with great significance. The people had faith to sprinkle the blood of atonement (출12:28), and to come out of Egypt (type of the world), but had not faith to enter their Canaan rest. Therefore, though redeemed, they "grieved" Jehovah for forty years. Compare the chapters of this lesson with 신1:19-40; 고전10:1-5; 히3:12-19; 4:3-11.
Outline of the Chapters.
In the lesson we have:
(1) God's command to Moses and his execution of it (13:1-20).
(2) The work of the spies (21-25).
(3) Their report to Moses, Aaron and the congregation (26-33).
(4) The effect on the congregation (14:1-10).
(5) Jehovah's threat (11, 12).
(6) Moses' intercession (13-19).
(7) Jehovah's answer and decree of chastisement (20-38).
(8) The presumption and punishment of the people (39-45).
Matters to be Noted.
(1) By comparing 신1:23, it will be seen that the proposition about the spies came from the people themselves, God granting their request both as a trial and punishment of their unbelief. Led by the pillar of fire and cloud they might have entered and conquered the land without any reconnaissance of it.
(2) Kadesh (13:26) is usually identified with Kadesh-barnea mentioned in 32:8, and since the researches of Henry Clay Trumbull (1884) there has been little doubt about it.
(3) According to 느9:17. the unbelief of the people actually went the length of nominating a "captain" to lead them back to Egypt, demonstrating the wisdom of the decree that debarred that generation from entering the promised land.
(4) Remember the two witnesses for God (14:6), often referred to afterwards, and reflect on the arguments they present (7-9). If Jehovah's word be true as to the land, may we not believe it as to His ability to bring us in? By what divine interposition only where the lives of these witnesses preserved (10)?
(5) Moses' intercession is another of the great prayers of the Bible. See the boldness of his faith in the arguments he employs. For whose honor is he most concerned (13-16)? What promise does he quote (17, 18)? Where in previous lessons was this commented on? What precedent does Moses rely upon (19)?
(6) Do not pass by the prophecy of V. 21. How much of human hopes are wrapped up in these words! Primarily they mean that the report of God's doings at that time would spread over all the land magnifying His name, but their ultimate application is to the millennium and beyond, as we shall see.
(7) How perverse the conduct of the Israelites, who, shortly before, were afraid that, though God was with them, they could not get possession of the land; yet now they act still more foolishly in supposing that, though God were not with them, they could expel the inhabitants by their unaided efforts. The consequences were such as might have been anticipated.
【민13:1 MHCC】A memorable and melancholy history is related in this and the following chapter, of the turning back of Israel from the borders of Canaan, and the sentencing them to wander and perish in the wilderness, for their unbelief and murmuring. It appears, 신1:22, that the motion to search out the land came from the people. They had a better opinion of their own policy than of God's wisdom. Thus we ruin ourselves by believing the reports and representations of sense rather than Divine revelation. We walk by sight not by faith. Moses gave the spies this charge, Be of good courage. It was not only a great undertaking they were put upon, which required good management and resolution; but a great trust was reposed in them, which required that they should be faithful. Courage in such circumstances can only spring from strong faith, which Caleb and Joshua alone possessed.
【민13:3 JFB】3. those men were heads of the children of Israel—Not the princes who are named (민10:14-16, 18-20, 22-27), but chiefs, leading men though not of the first rank.
【민13:16 JFB】16. Oshea—that is, "a desire of salvation." Jehoshua, by prefixing the name of God, means "divinely appointed," "head of salvation," "Saviour," the same as Jesus [마1:21, Margin].
【민13:17 JFB】17. Get you up this way … , and go up into the mountain—Mount Seir (신1:2), which lay directly from Sinai across the wilderness of Paran, in a northeasterly direction into the southern parts of the promised land.
【민13:20 JFB】20. Now the time was the time of the first grapes—This was in August, when the first clusters are gathered. The second are gathered in September, and the third in October. The spies' absence for a period of forty days determines the grapes they brought from Eshcol to have been of the second period.
【민13:21 JFB】21-24. So they … searched the land—They advanced from south to north, reconnoitering the whole land.
the wilderness of Zin—a long level plain, or deep valley of sand, the monotony of which is relieved by a few tamarisk and rethem trees. Under the names of El Ghor and El Araba, it forms the continuation of the Jordan valley, extending from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Akaba.
Rehob—or, Beth-rehob, was a city and district situated, according to some, eastward of Sidon; and, according to others, it is the same as El Hule, an extensive and fertile champaign country, at the foot of Anti-libanus, a few leagues below Paneas.
as men come to Hamath—or, "the entering in of Hamath" (왕하14:25), now the valley of Balbeck, a mountain pass or opening in the northern frontier, which formed the extreme limit in that direction of the inheritance of Israel. From the mention of these places, the route of the scouts appears to have been along the course of the Jordan in their advance; and their return was by the western border through the territories of the Sidonians and Philistines.
【민13:21 MHCC】The searchers of the land brought a bunch of grapes with them, and other fruits, as proofs of the goodness of the country; which was to Israel both the earnest and the specimen of all the fruits of Canaan. Such are the present comforts we have in communion with God, foretastes of the fulness of joy we expect in the heavenly Canaan. We may see by them what heaven is.
【민13:22 JFB】22. unto Hebron—situated in the heart of the mountains of Judah, in the southern extremity of Palestine. The town or "cities of Hebron," as it is expressed in the Hebrew, consists of a number of sheikdoms distinct from each other, standing at the foot of one of those hills that form a bowl round and enclose it. "The children of Anak" mentioned in this verse seem to have been also chiefs of townships; and this coincidence of polity, existing in ages so distant from each other, is remarkable [Vere Monro]. Hebron (Kirjath Arba, 창23:2) was one of the oldest cities in the world.
Zoan—(the Tanis of the Greeks) was situated on one of the eastern branches of the Nile, near the lake Menzala, and was the early royal residence of the Pharaohs. It boasted a higher antiquity than any other city in Egypt. Its name, which signifies flat and level, is descriptive of its situation in the low grounds of the Delta.
【민13:23 JFB】23. they came unto the brook of Eshcol—that is, "the torrent of the cluster." Its location was a little to the southwest of Hebron. The valley and its sloping hills are still covered with vineyards, the character of whose fruit corresponds to its ancient celebrity.
and cut down from thence a branch with one cluster of grapes—The grapes reared in this locality are still as magnificent as formerly—they are said by one to be equal in size to prunes, and compared by another to a man's thumb. One cluster sometimes weighs ten or twelve pounds. The mode of carrying the cluster cut down by the spies, though not necessary from its weight, was evidently adopted to preserve it entire as a specimen of the productions of the promised land; and the impression made by the sight of it would be all the greater because the Israelites were familiar only with the scanty vines and small grapes of Egypt.
【민13:26 JFB】26. they came … to Kadesh—an important encampment of the Israelites. But its exact situation is not definitely known, nor is it determined whether it is the same or a different place from Kadesh-barnea. It is supposed to be identical with Ain-el-Weibeh, a famous spring on the eastern side of the desert [Robinson], or also with Petra [Stanley].
【민13:26 MHCC】We may wonder that the people of Israel staid forty days for the return of their spies, when they were ready to enter Canaan, under all the assurances of success they could have from the Divine power, and the miracles that had hitherto attended them. But they distrusted God's power and promise. How much we stand in our own light by our unbelief! At length the messengers returned; but the greater part discouraged the people from going forward to Canaan. Justly are the Israelites left to this temptation, for putting confidence in the judgment of men, when they had the word of God to trust in. Though they had found the land as good as God had said, yet they would not believe it to be as sure as he had said, but despaired of having it, though Eternal Truth had engaged it to them. This was the representation of the evil spies. Caleb, however, encouraged them to go forward, though seconded by Joshua only. He does not say, Let us go up and conquer it; but, Let us go and possess it. Difficulties that are in the way of salvation, dwindle and vanish before a lively, active faith in the power and promise of God. All things are possible, if they are promised, to him that believes; but carnal sense and carnal professors are not to be trusted. Unbelief overlooks the promises and power of God, magnifies every danger and difficulty, and fills the heart with discouragement. May the Lord help us to believe! we shall then find all things possible.
【민13:27 JFB】27, 28. they told him, and said, We came unto the land whither thou sentest us, and surely it floweth with milk and honey—The report was given publicly in the audience of the people, and it was artfully arranged to begin their narrative with commendations of the natural fertility of the country in order that their subsequent slanders might the more readily receive credit.
【민13:29 JFB】29. The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south—Their territory lay between the Dead and the Red Seas, skirting the borders of Canaan.
Hittites … dwell in the mountains—Their settlements were in the southern and mountainous part of Palestine (창23:7).
the Canaanites dwell by the sea—The remnant of the original inhabitants, who had been dispossessed by the Philistines, were divided into two nomadic hordes—one settled eastward near the Jordan; the other westward, by the Mediterranean.
【민13:32 JFB】32. a land that eateth up the inhabitants—that is, an unhealthy climate and country. Jewish writers say that in the course of their travels they saw a great many funerals, vast numbers of the Canaanites being cut off at that time, in the providence of God, by a plague or the hornet (수24:12).
men of a great stature—This was evidently a false and exaggerated report, representing, from timidity or malicious artifice, what was true of a few as descriptive of the people generally.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.