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■ 민수기 1장
1. 이스라엘 자손이 애굽 땅에서 나온 후 제이년 이월 일일에 여호와께서 시내 광야 회막에서 모세에게 일러 가라사대
And the Lord spake unto Moses in the wilderness of Sinai , in the tabernacle of the congregation , on the first day of the second month , in the second year after they were come out of the land of Egypt , saying ,
2. 너희는 이스라엘 자손의 모든 회중 각 남자의 수를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 그 명수대로 계수할지니
Take ye the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel , after their families , by the house of their fathers , with the number of their names , every male by their polls ;
3. 이스라엘 중 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 모든 자를 너와 아론은 그 군대대로 계수하되
From twenty years old and upward , all that are able to go forth to war in Israel : thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies .
4. 매 지파의 각기 종족의 두령 한 사람씩 너희와 함께 하라
And with you there shall be a man of every tribe ; every one head of the house of his fathers .
5. 너희와 함께 설 사람들의 이름은 이러하니 르우벤에게서는 스데울의 아들 엘리술이요
And these are the names of the men that shall stand with you: of the tribe of Reuben ; Elizur the son of Shedeur .
6. 시므온에게서는 수리삿대의 아들 슬루미엘이요
Of Simeon ; Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai .
7. 유다에게서는 암미나답의 아들 나손이요
Of Judah ; Nahshon the son of Amminadab .
8. 잇사갈에게서는 수리알의 아들 느다넬이요
Of Issachar ; Nethaneel the son of Zuar .
9. 스불론에게서는 헬론의 아들 엘리압이요
Of Zebulun ; Eliab the son of Helon .
10. 요셉 자손에게서는 에브라임에 암미훗의 아들 엘리사마와 므낫세에 브다술의 아들 가말리엘이요
Of the children of Joseph : of Ephraim ; Elishama the son of Ammihud : of Manasseh ; Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur .
11. 베냐민에게서는 기드오니의 아들 아비단이요
Of Benjamin ; Abidan the son of Gideoni .
12. 단에게서는 암미삿대의 아들 아히에셀이요
Of Dan ; Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai .
13. 아셀에게서는 오그란의 아들 바기엘이요
Of Asher ; Pagiel the son of Ocran .
14. 갓에게서는 드우엘의 아들 엘리아삽이요
Of Gad ; Eliasaph the son of Deuel .
15. 납달리에게서는 에난의 아들 아히라니라 하시니
Of Naphtali ; Ahira the son of Enan .
16. 그들은 회중에서 부름을 받은 자요 그 조상 지파의 족장으로서 이스라엘 천만 인의 두령이라
These were the renowned of the congregation , princes of the tribes of their fathers , heads of thousands in Israel .
17. 모세와 아론이 지명된 이 사람들을 데리고
And Moses and Aaron took these men which are expressed by their names :
18. 이월 일일에 온 회중을 모으니 그들이 각기 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 그 명수를 의지하여 자기 계통을 말하매
And they assembled all the congregation together on the first day of the second month , and they declared their pedigrees after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , by their polls .
19. 여호와께서 모세에게 명하신 대로 그가 시내 광야에서 그들을 계수하였더라
As the Lord commanded Moses , so he numbered them in the wilderness of Sinai .
20. 이스라엘의 장자 르우벤의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 각 남자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
And the children of Reuben , Israel’s eldest son , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , by their polls , every male from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
21. 르우벤 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 사만 육천오백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Reuben , were forty and six thousand and five hundred .
22. 시므온의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 각 남자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Simeon , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , those that were numbered of them, according to the number of the names , by their polls , every male from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
23. 시므온 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 오만 구천삼백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Simeon , were fifty and nine thousand and three hundred .
24. 갓의 아들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Gad , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
25. 갓 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 사만 오천육백오십 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Gad , were forty and five thousand six hundred and fifty .
26. 유다의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Judah , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
27. 유다 지파의 계수함을 입은자가 칠만 사천육백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Judah , were threescore and fourteen thousand and six hundred .
28. 잇사갈의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Issachar , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
29. 잇사갈 지파의 계수함을 입은자가 오만 사천사백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Issachar , were fifty and four thousand and four hundred .
30. 스불론의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Zebulun , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
31. 스불론 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 오만 칠천사백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Zebulun , were fifty and seven thousand and four hundred .
32. 요셉의 아들 에브라임의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Joseph , namely, of the children of Ephraim , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
33. 에브라임 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 사만 오백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Ephraim , were forty thousand and five hundred .
34. 므낫세의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Manasseh , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
35. 므낫세 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 삼만 이천이백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Manasseh , were thirty and two thousand and two hundred .
36. 베냐민의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Benjamin , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
37. 베냐민 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 삼만 오천사백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Benjamin , were thirty and five thousand and four hundred .
38. 단의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Dan , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
39. 단 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 육만 이천칠백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Dan , were threescore and two thousand and seven hundred .
40. 아셀의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Asher , by their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
41. 아셀 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 사만 일천오백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Asher , were forty and one thousand and five hundred .
42. 납달리의 아들들에게서 난 자를 그들의 가족과 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈만한 자를 그 명수대로 다 계수하니
Of the children of Naphtali , throughout their generations , after their families , by the house of their fathers , according to the number of the names , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war ;
43. 납달리 지파의 계수함을 입은 자가 오만 삼천사백 명이었더라
Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Naphtali , were fifty and three thousand and four hundred .
44. 이 계수함을 입은 자는 모세와 아론과 각기 이스라엘 종족을 대표한 족장 십이 인이 계수한 자라
These are those that were numbered , which Moses and Aaron numbered , and the princes of Israel , being twelve men : each one was for the house of his fathers .
45. 이같이 이스라엘 자손의 그 종족을 따라 이십 세 이상으로 싸움에 나갈 한 자가 이스라엘 중에서 다 계수함을 입었으니
So were all those that were numbered of the children of Israel , by the house of their fathers , from twenty years old and upward , all that were able to go forth to war in Israel ;
46. 계수함을 입은 자의 총계가 육십만 삼천오백오십 명이었더라
Even all they that were numbered were six hundred thousand and three thousand and five hundred and fifty .
47. 오직 레위인은 그 조상의 지파대로 그 계수에 들지 아니하였으니
But the Levites after the tribe of their fathers were not numbered among them.
48. 이는 여호와께서 모세에게 일러 가라사대
For the Lord had spoken unto Moses , saying ,
49. 레위 지파만은 너는 계수치 말며 그들을 이스라엘 자손 계수 중에 넣지 말고
Only thou shalt not number the tribe of Levi , neither take the sum of them among the children of Israel :
50. 그들을 증거막과 그 모든 기구와 그 모든 부속품을 관리하게 하라
But thou shalt appoint the Levites over the tabernacle of testimony , and over all the vessels thereof, and over all things that belong to it: they shall bear the tabernacle , and all the vessels thereof; and they shall minister unto it, and shall encamp round about the tabernacle .
51. 그들은 그 장막과 그 모든 기구를 운반하며 거기서 봉사하며 장막 사면에 진을 칠지며
And when the tabernacle setteth forward , the Levites shall take it down : and when the tabernacle is to be pitched , the Levites shall set it up : and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to death .
52. 장막을 운반할 때에는 레위인이 그것을 걷고 장막을 세울 때에는 레위인이 그것을 세울 것이요 외인이 가까이 오면 죽일지며
And the children of Israel shall pitch their tents , every man by his own camp , and every man by his own standard , throughout their hosts .
53. 레위인은 증거막 사면에 진을 쳐서 이스라엘 자손의 회중에게 진노가 임하지 않게 할 것이라 레위인은 증거막에 대한 책임을 지킬지니라 하셨음이라
But the Levites shall pitch round about the tabernacle of testimony , that there be no wrath upon the congregation of the children of Israel : and the Levites shall keep the charge of the tabernacle of testimony .
54. 이스라엘 자손이 그대로 행하되 여호와께서 모세에게 명하신 대로 행하였더라
And the children of Israel did according to all that the Lord commanded Moses , so did they.
■ 주석 보기
【민1:1 JFB】민1:1-54. Moses Numbering the Men of War.
1, 2. on the first day of the second month, &c.—Thirteen months had elapsed since the exodus. About one month had been occupied in the journey; and the rest of the period had been passed in encampment among the recesses of Sinai, where the transactions took place, and the laws, religious and civil, were promulgated, which are contained in the two preceding books. As the tabernacle was erected on the first day of the first month, and the order here mentioned was given on the first day of the second, some think the laws in Leviticus were all given in one month. The Israelites having been formed into a separate nation, under the special government of God as their King, it was necessary, before resuming their march towards the promised land, to put them into good order. And accordingly Moses was commissioned, along with Aaron, to take a census of the people. This census was incidentally noticed (출38:26), in reference to the poll tax for the works of the tabernacle; but it is here described in detail, in order to show the relative increase and military strength of the different tribes. The enumeration was confined to those capable of bearing arms [민1:3], and it was to be made with a careful distinction of the tribe, family, and household to which every individual belonged. By this rule of summation many important advantages were secured: an exact genealogical register was formed, the relative strength of each tribe was ascertained, and the reason found for arranging the order of precedence in march as well as disposing the different tribes in camp around the tabernacle. The promise of God to Abraham [창22:17] was seen to be fulfilled in the extraordinary increase of his posterity, and provision made for tracing the regular descent of the Messiah.
【민1:1 CWC】[NUMBER AND ORDER OF THE TRIBES]
A secondary name for Numbers might be "The Book of the Journeyings" since it gives the story of Israel from Sinai to the arrival on the border of Canaan. Examine verse 1 and perceive that the time covered by Exodus and Leviticus was not more than fourteen months, while that of Numbers is over thirty-eight years. You will doubtless find a map in the back of your Bible which will aid in mastering this book. The journey will be seen to be first northwest as far as Kadesh, then south to the fork of the Red Sea, and finally northwest as before, around the land of Edom to Moab.
We will keep this geographical outline in mind, considering first the principal events at Sinai before they start, then what occurred between Sinai and Kadesh, and finally between Kadesh and Moab.
"The Book of the Murmurings."
The book might be called the book of the "murmurings" as well as "journeyings," for it is pervaded with a spirit of disobedience and rebellion against God, justifying the abstract given of the period in 시95:10.
While annals of many powerful nations of this period are entirely forgotten, these of a comparative handful of people are preserved and that too, notwithstanding their ungrateful spirit, because of the relation they bear to the redemption of the world through Jesus Christ. This accounts for the Divine long-suffering towards them, and all the exhibitions of Divine love the book contains. We have rehearsed this before, but it is well to keep it in mind as we pursue our studies. Read also 1 Cor. 10, to discover how their history is a kind of object lesson illustrating God's dealings with us in a spiritual sense. (Synthetic Bible Studies.)
1. The Tribes Numbered, c. 1.
What was Moses commanded to do, and when was he commanded to do it (1, 2)? What people were thus to be numbered, and why (2, 3)? Comparing 4 and 16, what description is given of the "heads" of houses who were to be with Moses and Aaron in this matter?
"Renowned" means them that were called out of the different tribes for leadership; and "princes" stands for the same thing. These were usually the oldest son in each tribe after the manner of the nomads of the East today.
On what basis was the numbering conducted (18)? This reference to "pedigrees" is important, as showing the care taken about genealogies. This was to keep the Aaronic order intact, but especially as a provision for tracing the descent of the Messiah through Judah.
Which tribe was the most numerous (27)? Can you recall how this fulfills Jacob's prophecy (Gen. 49)? What prophecy of his is fulfilled in verses 32-35? What was the sum of the enrolment (46)? What an increase from the seventy-five who went down into Egypt 215 years before!
And yet this did not include the women and children, nor the old men, nor the tribe of Levi! It is estimated there were two and a half millions in all.
About the Levites. What direction is given concerning them (47-49)? What were they to do, and where were they to camp, and why (50-53)?
2. The Tribes Arranged, c. 2.
What was the rallying point for each family in the camp (2)? We do not know the colors or forms of these ensigns, but possibly they were copied after Egypt minus their idolatrous symbols, and were of a fan-like form maze of feathers, shawls, etc., and lifted on long poles. Some think they were symbols borrowed from Jacob's blessing on the tribes, and that Judah's ensign was a lion, Benjamin's a wolf, and so on. Perhaps the color was determined by the precious stone representing the tribe in the high priest's breastplate.
Were the tribes, other than the Levites, allowed to pitch their tents near the tabernacle (2)? Which tribes took the lead on the march (3-9)? What seems to have formed the central company (17)?
3. The Levites' Service, cc. 3, 4.
What genealogy is given at the opening of this chapter (1-4)? What shows the subordination of the rest of the Levites to the family of Aaron (6, 7)? Give the history of the choice of this tribe in verses 12, 13. Who chose them? In substitution for whom? On what ground were the latter taken by the Lord?
On what different principle were the Levites numbered from the other tribes (15)? Can you give a reason for this? Name the three sub-divisions of this tribe (17). What was the particular place and charge of each (23, 25, 26, 29, 31, 35, 36, 37)? Who was Eleazar and what official position had he (32)? Compare 왕상4:4; 왕하25:18. What location was assigned Moses and the family of Aaron (38)?
Why was a new reckoning of all the males to be made (40-46)? How much was the ransom money (47)? (A shekel was about equal to 60 cents.)
What was the age limit of Levitical service (4:3)? Compa계8:23-26. What precautions were necessary in the case of the Kohathites (15)? Compare also 17-20. What carrying work was assigned the Gershonites (24-26)? Which of the sons of Aaron had the immediate charge of them (28)? What was assigned the Merarites (31, 22)? What word in verse 32 indicates that an inventory was kept of all the little things that nothing might be lost? What a lesson this teaches as to God's regard for the details of His service, and His interest in trivial things. What a strong light it flashes on the meaning of obedience.
【민1:1 MHCC】The people were numbered to show God's faithfulness in thus increasing the seed of Jacob, that they might be the better trained for the wars and conquest of Canaan, and to ascertain their families in order to the division of the land. It is said of each tribe, that those were numbered who were able to go forth to war; they had wars before them, though now they met with no opposition. Let the believer be prepared to withstand the enemies of his soul, though all may appear to be peace.
【민1:3 JFB】3. Aaron shall number them by their armies—or companies. In their departure from Egypt they were divided into five grand companies (출13:18), but from the sojourn in the wilderness to the passage of the Jordan, they were formed into four great divisions. The latter is here referred to.
【민1:4 JFB】4-16. with you there shall be a man of every tribe, &c.—The social condition of the Israelites in the wilderness bore a close resemblance to that of the nomad tribes of the East in the present day. The head of the tribe was a hereditary dignity, vested in the oldest son or some other to whom the right of primogeniture was transferred, and under whom were other inferior heads, also hereditary, among the different branches of the tribe. The Israelites being divided into twelve tribes, there were twelve chiefs appointed to assist in taking the census of the people.
【민1:5 JFB】5. these are the names of the men that shall stand with you, &c.—Each is designated by adding the name of the ancestors of his tribe, the people of which were called "Beni-Reuben," "Beni-Levi," sons of Reuben, sons of Levi, according to the custom of the Arabs still, as well as other nations which are divided into clans, as the Macs of Scotland, the Aps of Wales, and the O's and the Fitzes of Ireland [Chalmers].
【민1:16 JFB】16-18. These were the renowned—literally, "the called" of the congregation, summoned by name; and they entered upon the survey the very day the order was given.
【민1:18 JFB】18. by their polls—individually, one by one.
【민1:19 JFB】19. As the Lord commanded Moses, &c.—The numbering of the people was not an act sinful in itself, as Moses did it by divine appointment; but David incurred guilt by doing it without the authority of God. (See on 삼하24:10).
【민1:20 JFB】20-44. These are those that were numbered—In this registration the tribe of Judah appears the most numerous; and accordingly, as the pre-eminence had been assigned to it by Jacob [창49:8-12], it got the precedence in all the encampments of Israel. Of the two half-tribes of Joseph, who is seen to be "a fruitful bough" [창49:22], that of Ephraim was the larger, as had been predicted. The relative increase of all, as in the two just mentioned, was owing to the special blessing of God, conformably to the prophetic declaration of the dying patriarch. But the divine blessing is usually conveyed through the influence of secondary causes; and there is reason to believe that the relative populousness of the tribes would, under God, depend upon the productiveness of the respective localities assigned to them. [For tabular chart, see on 민26:64.]
【민1:44 MHCC】We have here the sum total. How much was required to maintain all these in the wilderness! They were all provided for by God every day. When we observe the faithfulness of God, however unlikely the performance of his promise may appear, we may take courage as to those which yet remain to be fulfilled to the church of God.
【민1:45 JFB】45, 46. all they that were numbered were six hundred thousand, &c.—What an astonishing increase from seventy-five persons who went down to Egypt about two hundred fifteen years before [see on 창46:8], and who were subjected to the greatest privations and hardships! And yet this enumeration was restricted to men from twenty years and upwards [민1:3]. Including women, children, and old men, together with the Levites, the whole population of Israel, on the ordinary principles of computation, amounted to about 2,400,000.
【민1:47 JFB】47-54. But the Levites … were not numbered among them—They were obliged to keep a register of their own. They were consecrated to the priestly office, which in all countries has been exempted customarily, and in Israel by the express authority of God, from military service. The custody of the things devoted to the divine service was assigned to them so exclusively, that "no stranger"—that is, no person, not even an Israelite of any other tribe, was allowed, under penalty of death, to approach these [민16:40]. Hence they encamped round the tabernacle in order that there should be no manifestation of the divine displeasure among the people. Thus the numbering of the people was subservient to the separation of the Levites from those Israelites who were fit for military service, and to the practical introduction of the law respecting the first-born, for whom the tribe of Levi became a substitute [출13:2; 민3:12].
【민1:47 MHCC】Care is here taken to distinguish the tribe of Levi, which, in the matter of the golden calf, had distinguished itself. Singular services shall be recompensed by singular honours. It was to the honour of the Levites, that to them was committed the care of the tabernacle and its treasures, in their camps and in their marches. It was for the honour of the holy things that none should see them, or touch them, but those who were called of God to the service. We all are unfit and unworthy to have fellowship with God, till called by his grace into the fellowship of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord; and so, being the spiritual seed of that great High Priest, we are made priests to our God. Great care must be taken to prevent sin, for preventing sin is preventing wrath. Being a holy tribe, they were not reckoned among other Israelites. They that minister about holy things, should neither entangle themselves, nor be entangled, in worldly affairs. And let every believer seek to do what the Lord has commanded.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.