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■ 미가 3장
1. 내가 또 이르노니 야곱의 두령들과 이스라엘 족속의 치리자들아 청컨대 들으라 공의는 너희의 알 것이 아니냐
And I said , Hear , I pray you, O heads of Jacob , and ye princes of the house of Israel ; Is it not for you to know judgment ?
2. 너희가 선을 미워하고 악을 좋아하여 내 백성의 가죽을 벗기고 그 뼈에서 살을 뜯어
Who hate the good , and love the evil ; who pluck off their skin from off them, and their flesh from off their bones ;
3. 그들의 살을 먹으며 그 가죽을 벗기며 그 뼈를 꺾어 다지기를 남비와 솥 가운데 담을 고기처럼 하는도다
Who also eat the flesh of my people , and flay their skin from off them; and they break their bones , and chop them in pieces , as for the pot , and as flesh within the caldron .
4. 그 때에 그들이 여호와께 부르짖을지라도 응답지 아니하시고 그들의 행위의 악하던 대로 그들 앞에 얼굴을 가리우시리라
Then shall they cry unto the Lord , but he will not hear them: he will even hide his face from them at that time , as they have behaved themselves ill in their doings .
5. 내 백성을 유혹하는 선지자는 이에 물면 평강을 외치나 그 입에 무엇을 채워주지 아니하는 자에게는 전쟁을 준비하는도다 이런 선지자에 대하여 여호와께서 가라사대
Thus saith the Lord concerning the prophets that make my people err , that bite with their teeth , and cry , Peace ; and he that putteth not into their mouths , they even prepare war against him.
6. 그러므로 너희가 밤을 만나리니 이상을 보지 못할 것이요 흑암을 만나리니 점 치지 못하리라 하셨나니 이 선지자 위에는 해가 져서 낮이 캄캄할 것이라
Therefore night shall be unto you, that ye shall not have a vision ; and it shall be dark unto you, that ye shall not divine ; and the sun shall go down over the prophets , and the day shall be dark over them.
7. 선견자가 부끄러워하며 술객이 수치를 당하여 다 입술을 가리울 것은 하나님이 응답지 아니하심이어니와
Then shall the seers be ashamed , and the diviners confounded : yea, they shall all cover their lips ; for there is no answer of God .
8. 오직 나는 여호와의 신으로 말미암아 권능과 공의와 재능으로 채움을 얻고 야곱의 허물과 이스라엘의 죄를 그들에게 보이리라
But truly I am full of power by the spirit of the Lord , and of judgment , and of might , to declare unto Jacob his transgression , and to Israel his sin .
9. 야곱 족속의 두령과 이스라엘 족속의 치리자 곧 공의를 미워하고 정직한 것을 굽게 하는 자들아 청컨대 이 말을 들을지어다
Hear this, I pray you, ye heads of the house of Jacob , and princes of the house of Israel , that abhor judgment , and pervert all equity .
10. 시온을 피로, 예루살렘을 죄악으로 건축하는도다
They build up Zion with blood , and Jerusalem with iniquity .
11. 그 두령은 뇌물을 위하여 재판하며 그 제사장은 삯을 위하여 교훈하며 그 선지자는 돈을 위하여 점 치면서 오히려 여호와를 의뢰하여 이르기를 여호와께서 우리 중에 계시지 아니하냐 재앙이 우리에게 임하지 아니하리라 하는도다
The heads thereof judge for reward , and the priests thereof teach for hire , and the prophets thereof divine for money : yet will they lean upon the Lord , and say , Is not the Lord among us? none evil can come upon us.
12. 이러므로 너희로 인하여 시온은 밭 같이 갊을 당하고 예루살렘은 무더기가 되고 성전의 산은 수풀의 높은 곳과 같게 되리라
Therefore shall Zion for your sake be plowed as a field , and Jerusalem shall become heaps , and the mountain of the house as the high places of the forest .
■ 주석 보기
【미3:1 JFB】미3:1-12. The Sins of the Princes, Prophets, and Priests: The Consequent Desolation of Zion.
1. princes—magistrates or judges.
Is it not for you?—Is it not your special function (렘5:4, 5)?
judgment—justice. Ye sit in judgment on others; surely then ye ought to know the judgment for injustice which awaits yourselves (롬2:1).
【미3:1 CWC】The little known of Micah is briefly stated. Calling himself a Morasthite indicates Moresheth, or Mareshah, as his birthplace in southwestern Judah, near Gath. The time of his prophesying is shown in the same verse by the reference to the kings of Judah, as between 758 to 700 B. C. He seems to have been the writer of his own book, if we may judge from the personal allusions in chapter 3:1, 8, and to have died in peace, judging by 렘26:18, 19. He is frequently referred to as a prophet, and his utterances quoted, not only in the instances above given, but in 사2:2-4 and 41:15; 겔22:27; 습3:19; 마2:5; and 요7:42. Jesus quotes him in 마10:35, 36. For further references to his period, see our lessons on Isaiah.
1. A Description of Judgment.
Chapters 1-3 contain a description of the approaching judgment on both kingdoms -- Israel and Judah. How do verses 1 and 5 of chapter 1 indicate that both kingdoms are under consideration?
Notice the order in which the three classes of hearers are addressed:
(1) The people at large, chapter 1:2.
(2) The princes, chapter 3.
(3) The false prophets, 3:5.
According to verse 11 what seems to have been the most crying sin of all? And yet notwithstanding their covetousness and greed, how did they show either gross hypocrisy or gross ignorance of God (same verse, last part)? It is at this point that the declaration of judgment is expressed, and in language which has been literally fulfilled, verse 12.
2. A Vision of Hope.
Chapters 4 and 5 unfold the future and happier, because holier, experience of the nation. The first four verses of chapter 4 are quoted almost verbatim in Isaiah 2, unless we reverse the order and say that Micah quoted Isaiah.
At what time are these better things to come to pass according to the beginning of this chapter? How are these things figuratively expressed in verse 1? It is not difficult to recognize in these figures of speech the exaltation of Jerusalem and Judah over all the nations in that day. But how does verse 2 show that the exaltation will not be exacting and tyrannous, but the opposite? What language shows that the millennial age is referred to, and no period which has yet appeared in the history of the world? How do verses 3 and 4 strengthen this conviction? What expression in verse 7 almost directly states this to be the case? In Joel we saw that prior to Israel's deliverance, and, as incident thereto, the Gentile nations will be besieging Jerusalem and desirous of seizing her, and that Jehovah will interpose on her behalf. How do the closing verses of this chapter parallel that prophecy?
Addressing ourselves to chapter 5, we discover what is the common teaching of the prophets that these good times coming for Israel and Judah are connected with the Person and work of the Messiah. How is that led up to in verse 2? To be sure, these words are quoted in Matthew 2, to apply to the first coming of Christ, but that does not exclude His second coming. Moreover, all the succeeding verses in this chapter point to events which did not occur at His first coming, but will be found to be uniformly predicated of His second coming.
3. A Contrast Drawn.
Chapters 6 and 7 present a "contrast between the reasonableness, purity and justice of the divine requirements, and the ingratitude, injustice and superstition of the people which caused their ruin."
The closing chapter is peculiarly affecting, a kind of soliloquy of repentance on Israel's part. The better element among the people are confessing and lamenting their sinful condition in verses 1-6, but expressing confidence in God's returning favor (7, 8).
Putting all together, there are few verses in the Bible more expressive of quiet hope and trust than these. It is beautiful to see the spirit of confession and submission in verse 9, and the certainty of triumph over every foe, verse 10. Observe how Jehovah Himself speaks through the prophet in verses 11-13. (Revised Version). See the promise of interposition on Israel's behalf in that day, verse 15; and the confusion of the Gentile nations at their triumph, and their own discomfiture, 16, 17. Of course, the temporal blessings thus coming upon Israel are all predicated of their return to the Lord and His forgiveness of their sins (18, 19).
Nevertheless these things will take place on the ground of the original promise to Abraham (20).
【미3:1 MHCC】Men cannot expect to do ill, and fare well; but to find that done to them which they did to others. How seldom do wholesome truths reach the ears of those in high stations or in authority! Those who deceive others are preparing confusion for their own faces. The prophet had ardent love to God and to the souls of men; deep concern for his glory and their salvation, and zeal against sin. The difficulties he met with did not drive him from his work. He had this strength; not from and of himself, but he was full of power by the Spirit of the Lord. Those who act honestly, may act boldly. And those who come to hear the word of God, must be willing to be told of their faults, must take it kindly, and be thankful.
【미3:2 JFB】2. pluck off their skin … flesh—rob their fellow countrymen of all their substance (시14:4; 잠30:14).
【미3:3 JFB】3. pot … flesh within … caldron—manifold species of cruel oppressions. Compare 겔24:3, &c., containing, as to the coming punishment, the same figure as is here used of the sin: implying that the sin and punishment exactly correspond.
【미3:4 JFB】4. Then—at the time of judgment, which Micah takes for granted, so certain is it (compare 미2:3).
they cry … but he will not hear—just as those oppressed by them had formerly cried, and they would not hear. Their prayer shall be rejected, because it is the mere cry of nature for deliverance from pain, not that of repentance for deliverance from sin.
ill in their doings—Men cannot expect to do ill and fare well.
【미3:5 JFB】5. Here he attacks the false prophets, as before he had attacked the "princes."
make my people err—knowingly mislead My people by not denouncing their sins as incurring judgment.
bite with … teeth, and cry, Peace—that is, who, so long as they are supplied with food, promise peace and prosperity in their prophecies.
he that putteth not into their mouths, they … prepare war against him—Whenever they are not supplied with food, they foretell war and calamity.
prepare war—literally, "sanctify war," that is, proclaim it as a holy judgment of God because they are not fed (see on 렘6:4; compare 사13:3; Joe 1:14).
【미3:6 JFB】6. night … dark—Calamities shall press on you so overwhelming as to compel you to cease pretending to divine (Z전13:4). Darkness is often the image of calamity (사8:22; 암5:18; 8:9).
【미3:7 JFB】7. cover their lips—The Orientals prided themselves on the moustache and beard ("upper lip," Margin). To cover it, therefore, was a token of shame and sorrow (레13:45; 겔24:17, 22). "They shall be so ashamed of themselves as not to dare to open their mouths or boast of the name of prophet" [Calvin].
there is no answer of God—They shall no more profess to have responses from God, being struck dumb with calamities (미3:6).
【미3:8 JFB】8. I—in contrast to the false prophets (미3:5, 7).
full of power—that which "the Spirit of Jehovah" imparts for the discharge of the prophetical function (Lu 1:17; 24:49; 행1:8).
judgment—a sense of justice [Maurer]; as opposed to the false prophets' speaking to please men, not from a regard to truth. Or, "judgment" to discern between graver and lighter offenses, and to denounce punishments accordingly [Grotius].
might—moral intrepidity in speaking the truth at all costs (딤후1:7).
to declare unto Jacob his … sin—(사58:1). Not to flatter the sinner as the false prophets do with promises of peace.
【미3:9 JFB】9. Hear—resumed from 미3:1. Here begins the leading subject of the prophecy: a demonstration of his assertion that he is "full of power by the Spirit of Jehovah" (미3:8).
【미3:9 MHCC】Zion's walls owe no thanks to those that build them up with blood and iniquity. The sin of man works not the righteousness of God. Even when men do that which in itself is good, but do it for filthy lucre, it becomes abomination both to God and man. Faith rests in the Lord as the soul's foundation: presumption only leans upon the Lord as a prop, and would use him to serve a turn. If men's having the Lord among them will not keep them from doing evil, it never can secure them from suffering evil for so doing. See the doom of wicked Jacob; Therefore shall Zion for your sake be ploughed as a field. This was exactly fulfilled at the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans, and is so at this day. If sacred places are polluted by sin, they will be wasted and ruined by the judgments of God.
【미3:10 JFB】10. They—change of person from "ye" (미3:9); the third person puts them to a greater distance as estranged from Him. It is, literally, "Whosoever builds," singular.
build up Zion with blood—build on it stately mansions with wealth obtained by the condemnation and murder of the innocent (렘22:13; 겔22:27; 합2:12).
【미3:11 JFB】11. heads thereof—the princes of Jerusalem.
judge for reward—take bribes as judges (미7:3).
priests teach for hire—It was their duty to teach the law and to decide controversies gratuitously (레10:11; 신17:11; 말2:7; compare 렘6:13; Jude 11).
prophets … divine—that is, false prophets.
Is not the Lord among us?—namely in the temple (사48:2; 렘7:4, 8-11).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.