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■ 마태복음 28장
1. 안식일이 다하여 가고 안식 후 첫날이 되려는 미명에 막달라 마리아와 다른 마리아가 무덤을 보려고 왔더니
In the end of the sabbath , as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week , came Mary Magdalene and the other Mary to see the sepulchre .
2. 큰 지진이 나며 주의 천사가 하늘로서 내려와 돌을 굴려 내고 그 위에 앉았는데
And , behold , there was a great earthquake : for the angel of the Lord descended from heaven , and came and rolled back the stone from the door , and sat upon it .
3. 그 형상이 번개 같고 그 옷은 눈 같이 희거늘
His countenance was like lightning , and his raiment white as snow :
4. 수직하던 자들이 저를 무서워하여 떨며 죽은 사람과 같이 되었더라
And for fear of him the keepers did shake , and became as dead men.
5. 천사가 여자들에게 일러 가로되 너희는 무서워 말라 십자가에 못 박히신 예수를 너희가 찾는 줄을 내가 아노라
And the angel answered and said unto the women , Fear not ye : for I know that ye seek Jesus , which was crucified .
6. 그가 여기 계시지 않고 그의 말씀하시던 대로 살아나셨느니라 와서 그의 누우셨던 곳을 보라
He is not here : for he is risen , as he said . Come , see the place where the Lord lay .
7. 또 빨리 가서 그의 제자들에게 이르되 그가 죽은 자 가운데서 살아나셨고 너희보다 먼저 갈릴리로 가시나니 거기서 너희가 뵈오리라 하라 보라 내가 너희에게 일렀느니라 하거늘
And go quickly , and tell his disciples that he is risen from the dead ; and , behold , he goeth before you into Galilee ; there shall ye see him : lo , I have told you .
8. 그 여자들이 무서움과 큰 기쁨으로 무덤을 빨리 떠나 제자들에게 알게 하려고 달음질할새
And they departed quickly from the sepulchre with fear and great joy ; and did run to bring his disciples word .
9. 예수께서 저희를 만나 가라사대 평안하뇨 하시거늘 여자들이 나아가 그 발을 붙잡고 경배하니
And as they went to tell his disciples , behold , Jesus met them , saying , All hail . And they came and held him by the feet , and worshipped him .
10. 이에 예수께서 가라사대 무서워 말라 가서 내 형제들에게 갈릴리로 가라 하라 거기서 나를 보리라 하시니라
Then said Jesus unto them , Be not afraid : go tell my brethren that they go into Galilee , and there shall they see me .
11. 여자들이 갈 제 파수꾼 중 몇이 성에 들어가 모든 된 일을 대제사장들에게 고하니
Now when they were going , behold , some of the watch came into the city , and shewed unto the chief priests all the things that were done .
12. 그들이 장로들과 함께 모여 의논하고 군병들에게 돈을 많이 주며
And when they were assembled with the elders , and had taken counsel , they gave large money unto the soldiers ,
13. 가로되 너희는 말하기를 그의 제자들이 밤에 와서 우리가 잘 때에 그를 도적질하여 갔다 하라
Saying , Say ye , His disciples came by night , and stole him away while we slept .
14. 만일 이 말이 총독에게 들리면 우리가 권하여 너희로 근심되지 않게 하리라 하니
And if this come to the governor’s ears , we will persuade him , and secure you .
15. 군병들이 돈을 받고 가르친 대로 하였으니 이 말이 오늘날까지 유대인 가운데 두루 퍼지니라
So they took the money , and did as they were taught : and this saying is commonly reported among the Jews until this day .
16. 열 한 제자가 갈릴리에 가서 예수의 명하시던 산에 이르러
Then the eleven disciples went away into Galilee , into a mountain where Jesus had appointed them .
17. 예수를 뵈옵고 경배하나 오히려 의심하는 자도 있더라
And when they saw him , they worshipped him : but some doubted .
18. 예수께서 나아와 일러 가라사대 하늘과 땅의 모든 권세를 내게 주셨으니
And Jesus came and spake unto them , saying , All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth .
19. 그러므로 너희는 가서 모든 족속으로 제자를 삼아 아버지와 아들과 성령의 이름으로 침례를 주고
Go ye therefore , and teach all nations , baptizing them in the name of the Father , and of the Son , and of the Holy Ghost :
20. 내가 너희에게 분부한 모든 것을 가르쳐 지키게 하라 볼지어다 내가 세상 끝날까지 너희와 항상 함께 있으리라 하시니라
Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you : and , lo , I am with you alway , even unto the end of the world . Amen .
■ 주석 보기
【마28:1 JFB】마28:1-15. Glorious Angelic Announcement on the First Day of the Week, that Christ Is Risen—His Appearance to the Women—The Guards Bribed to Give a False Account of the Resurrection. ( = 막16:1-8; Lu 24:1-8; 요20:1).
The Resurrection Announced to the Women (마28:1-8).
1. In the end of the sabbath, as it began to dawn—after the Sabbath, as it grew toward daylight.
toward the first day of the week—Luke (Lu 24:1) has it, "very early in the morning"—properly, "at the first appearance of daybreak"; and corresponding with this, John (요20:1) says, "when it was yet dark." See on 막16:2. Not an hour, it would seem, was lost by those dear lovers of the Lord Jesus.
came Mary Magdalene, and the other Mary—"the mother of James and Joses" (see on 마27:56; 마27:61).
to see the sepulchre—with a view to the anointing of the body, for which they had made all their preparations. (See on 막16:1, 2).
And, behold, there was—that is, there had been, before the arrival of the women.
a great earthquake; for the angel of the Lord descended from heaven, &c.—And this was the state of things when the women drew near. Some judicious critics think all this was transacted while the women were approaching; but the view we have given, which is the prevalent one, seems the more natural. All this august preparation—recorded by Matthew alone—bespoke the grandeur of the exit which was to follow. The angel sat upon the huge stone, to overawe, with the lightning-luster that darted from him, the Roman guard, and do honor to his rising Lord.
【마28:1 CWC】[RESURRECTION]
Perhaps the most important comment we can make on this chapter will be the order of the ten events on the day of which it speaks. (1) The three women, Mary Magdalene; Mary, the mother of James; and Salome, start for the sepulcher, followed by other women bearing spices. (2) These find the stone rolled away and Mary Magdalene, goes to tell the disciples (눅23:55-24:9; 요20:1, 2). (3) Mary, the mother of James, draws near the tomb and discovers the angel (마28:2). (4) She returns to meet the other women bearing the spices. (5) Peter and John arrive, look in and go away. (6) Mary Magdalene returns, sees the two angels and Jesus (요20:11-18). (7) She goes to tell the disciples. (8) Mary, the mother of James, returns with the other women, all of whom see the two angels (눅24:4, 5; 막15:15). (9) They receive the angel's message. (10) While seeking the disciples are met by Jesus (마28:8-10).
Another comment of interest is the order of the appearances of Jesus on this day. (1) To Mary Magdalene (요20:14-18); (2) To the women returning from the tomb with the angel's message (마28:8-10); (3) To Peter (눅24:34; 고전15:5); (4) To the two on the way to Emmaus (눅24:13-31); (5) To the apostles in the absence of Thomas (눅24:36-43; 요20:19-24)).
In dividing the chapter we have (1) The narrative of the resurrection with the appearance of Jesus to the women (vv. 1-10); (2) The false invention of the Jews (v. 11-15); (3) The gathering in Galilee (vv. 16-20).
We can only touch upon the most important things, one of which is Christ's reference to His disciples as His "brethren" (v. 10). For the first time does he use that word in such connection, showing that until His death and resurrection on their behalf the relationship had not become possible. (Compare 시22:22 and 히2:11, 12.)
Another important thing is verse 13, "Say ye, His disciples came by night, and stole Him away while we slept." We give excerpts from Gaebelein on this verse: "The watch recover from their fright, and some hasten to the city. Surely something happened or why should they leave their post to make a report? Then it is strange they went to the priests first and not the Roman governor. This was an irregular proceeding, from which we conclude that what they had to report was of greater importance for the priests than Pilate. Who knows but these priests had instructed the guard that if He should come forth they were to come to them first of all? Their report was a witness of the resurrection and that the tomb was empty.
"The Sanhedrin was hastily summoned to receive the report in an official way. The straightforward statement, as men of military training are apt to report, made doubt about veracity impossible. To impeach them would have been insane. But what would happen if this truth got out among the people?
"The resurrection must be denied which could only be by inventing a lie. The only possible lie was that His disciples stole the body. The story is incredible. It is easier to believe He arose from the dead than to believe what the Jews invented about His resurrection. The disciples had forgotten about the resurrection promised and they were a scattered, poor, timid lot of people. But even if they had been anxious to steal the body, how could they have done it? Here was the company of armed men. Then there was the sealed, heavy stone.
"But the ridiculous side of the lie came out with the report the soldiers were to circulate. The disciples came and stole the body, while they were sleeping! It is incredible that all these men had fallen asleep at the same time, and so fast asleep that the commotion of rolling away the stone and the carrying away of the dead did not disturb them. Furthermore, sleeping at a post meant death for the Roman soldier. One might have nodded and risked his life, but that all slept is an impossibility. But the report is foolish; they were asleep, and while asleep witnessed how the disciples stole the body of Jesus! It was a miserable lie, and is continued to the present day."
We might mention here the testimony of Josephus, who says in his antiquities: "He appeared to them alive on the third day, as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand other wonderful things concerning Him."
A third matter of importance is the "Great Commission" as it is called (vv. 19, 20). Note the word "Name" as indicative of the Trinity. It is not names but "Name." "Father, Son and Holy Spirit is the final name of the one true God. * * * The conjunction in one name of the three affirms equality and oneness of substance." Note the peculiarity of the terms. This is the Kingdom commission, as another expresses it, not the Christian commission. The latter is in Luke, distinctively the Gentile Gospel, but not here, which is distinctively the Jewish Gospel. And this is all the more remarkable because in Luke, the disciples are commanded to go to the Jews (24:47), while here they are commanded to go to "all nations." It points to the close of the age when the commission will be carried out by the faithful remnant of the Jews so often spoken about. It has not yet been carried out. The story of the Acts is not its fulfillment. Its accomplishment has been interrupted, but will be taken up before the Lord comes to deliver Israel at the last.
【마28:1 MHCC】Christ rose the third day after his death; that was the time he had often spoken of. On the first day of the first week God commanded the light to shine out of darkness. On this day did He who is the Light of the world, shine out of the darkness of the grave; and this day is from henceforward often mentioned in the New Testament, as the day which Christians religiously observed in solemn assemblies, to the honour of Christ. Our Lord Jesus could have rolled back the stone by his own power, but he chose to have it done by an angel. The resurrection of Christ, as it is the joy of his friends, so it is the terror and confusion of his enemies. The angel encouraged the women against their fears. Let the sinners in Zion be afraid. Fear not ye, for his resurrection will be your consolation. Our communion with him must be spiritual, by faith in his word. When we are ready to make this world our home, and to say, It is good to be here, then let us remember our Lord Jesus is not here, he is risen; therefore let our hearts rise, and seek the things that are above. He is risen, as he said. Let us never think that strange which the word of Christ has told us to expect; whether the sufferings of this present time, or the glory that is to be revealed. It may have a good effect upon us, by faith to view the place where the Lord lay. Go quickly. It was good to be there, but the servants of God have other work appointed. Public usefulness must be chosen before the pleasure of secret communion with God. Tell the disciples, that they may be comforted under their present sorrows. Christ knows where his disciples dwell, and will visit them. Even to those at a distance from the plenty of the means of grace, he will graciously manifest himself. The fear and the joy together quickened their pace. The disciples of Christ should be forward to make known to each other their experiences of communion with their Lord; and should tell others what God has done for their souls.
【마28:3 JFB】3. His countenance—appearance.
was like lightning, and his raiment white as snow—the one expressing the glory, the other the purity of the celestial abode from which he came.
【마28:4 JFB】4. And for fear of him the keepers did shake, and became as dead men—Is the sepulchre "sure" now, O ye chief priests? He that sitteth in the heavens doth laugh at you.
【마28:5 JFB】5. And the angel answered and said unto the women, Fear not ye—The "ye" here is emphatic, to contrast their case with that of the guards. "Let those puny creatures, sent to keep the Living One among the dead, for fear of Me shake and become as dead men (마28:4); but ye that have come hither on another errand, fear not ye."
for I know that ye seek Jesus, which was crucified—Jesus the Crucified.
【마28:6 JFB】6. He is not here; for he is risen, as he said—See on Lu 24:5-7.
Come—as in 마11:28.
see the place where the Lord lay—Charming invitation! "Come, see the spot where the Lord of glory lay: now it is an empty grave: He lies not here, but He lay there. Come, feast your eyes on it!" But see on 요20:12.
【마28:7 JFB】7. And go quickly, and tell his disciples—For a precious addition to this, see on 막16:7.
that he is risen from the dead; and, behold, he goeth before you into Galilee—to which those women belonged (마27:55).
there shall ye see him—This must refer to those more public manifestations of Himself to large numbers of disciples at once, which He vouchsafed only in Galilee; for individually He was seen of some of those very women almost immediately after this (마28:9, 10).
Lo, I have told you—Behold, ye have this word from the world of light!
【마28:8 JFB】8. And they departed quickly—Mark (막16:8) says "they fled."
from the sepulchre with fear and great joy—How natural this combination of feelings! See on a similar statement of 막16:11.
and did run to bring his disciples word—"Neither said they anything to any man [by the way]; for they were afraid" (막16:8).
【마28:9 JFB】Appearance to the Women (마28:9, 10).
This appearance is recorded only by Matthew.
9. And as they went to tell his disciples, behold, Jesus met them, saying, All hail!—the usual salute, but from the lips of Jesus bearing a higher signification.
And they came and held him by the feet—How truly womanly!
【마28:9 MHCC】God's gracious visits usually meet us in the way of duty; and to those who use what they have for others' benefit, more shall be given. This interview with Christ was unexpected; but Christ was nigh them, and still is nigh us in the word. The salutation speaks the good-will of Christ to man, even since he entered upon his state of exaltation. It is the will of Christ that his people should be a cheerful, joyful people, and his resurrection furnishes abundant matter for joy. Be not afraid. Christ rose from the dead, to silence his people's fears, and there is enough in that to silence them. The disciples had just before shamefully deserted him in his sufferings; but, to show that he could forgive, and to teach us to do so, he calls them brethren. Notwithstanding his majesty and purity, and our meanness and unworthiness, he still condescends to call believers his brethren.
【마28:10 JFB】10. Then said Jesus unto them, Be not afraid—What dear associations would these familiar words—now uttered in a higher style, but by the same Lips—bring rushing back to their recollection!
go tell my brethren that they go into Galilee, and there shall they see me—The brethren here meant must have been His brethren after the flesh (compare 마13:55); for His brethren in the higher sense (see on 요20:17) had several meetings with Him at Jerusalem before He went to Galilee, which they would have missed if they had been the persons ordered to Galilee to meet Him.
【마28:11 JFB】The Guards Bribed (마28:11-15).
The whole of this important portion is peculiar to Matthew.
11. Now when they were going—while the women were on their way to deliver to His brethren the message of their risen Lord.
some of the watch came into the city, and showed unto the chief priests all the things that were done—Simple, unsophisticated soldiers! How could ye imagine that such a tale as ye had to tell would not at once commend itself to your scared employers? Had they doubted this for a moment, would they have ventured to go near them, knowing it was death to a Roman soldier to be proved asleep when on guard? and of course that was the only other explanation of the case.
【마28:11 MHCC】What wickedness is it which men will not be brought to by the love of money! Here was large money given to the soldiers for advancing that which they knew to be a lie, yet many grudge a little money for advancing what they know to be the truth. Let us never starve a good cause, when we see bad ones so liberally supported. The priests undertook to secure them from the sword of Pilate, but could not secure these soldiers from the sword of God's justice, which hangs over the heads of those that love and make a lie. Those men promise more than they can perform, who undertake to save a man harmless in doing a wilful sin. But this falsehood disproved itself. Had the soldiers been all asleep, they could not have known what passed. If any had been awake, they would have roused the others and prevented the removal; and certainly if they had been asleep, they never would have dared to confess it; while the Jewish rulers would have been the first to call for their punishment. Again, had there been any truth in the report, the rulers would have prosecuted the apostles with severity for it. The whole shows that the story was entirely false. And we must not charge such things to the weakness of the understanding, but to the wickedness of the heart. God left them to expose their own course. The great argument to prove Christ to be the Son of God, is his resurrection; and none could have more convincing proofs of the truth of that than these soldiers; yet they took bribes to hinder others from believing. The plainest evidence will not affect men, without the work of the Holy Spirit.
【마28:12 JFB】12. And when they were assembled with the elders—But Joseph at least was absent: Gamaliel probably also; and perhaps others.
and had taken counsel, they gave large money unto the soldiers—It would need a good deal; but the whole case of the Jewish authorities was now at stake. With what contempt must these soldiers have regarded the Jewish ecclesiastics!
【마28:13 JFB】13. Saying, Say ye, His disciples came by night, and stole him away while we slept—which, as we have observed, was a capital offense for soldiers on guard.
【마28:14 JFB】14. And if this come to the governor's ears—rather, "If this come before the governor"; that is, not in the way of mere report, but for judicial investigation.
we will persuade him, and secure you—The "we" and the "you" are emphatic here—"we shall [take care to] persuade him and keep you from trouble," or "save you harmless." The grammatical form of this clause implies that the thing supposed was expected to happen. The meaning then is, "If this come before the governor—as it likely will—we shall see to it that," &c. The "persuasion" of Pilate meant, doubtless, quieting him by a bribe, which we know otherwise he was by no means above taking (like Felix afterwards, 행24:26).
【마28:15 JFB】15. So they took the money, and did as they were taught—thus consenting to brand themselves with infamy.
and this saying is commonly reported among the Jews until this day—to the date of the publication of this Gospel. The wonder is that so clumsy and incredible a story lasted so long. But those who are resolved not to come to the light will catch at straws. Justin Martyr, who flourished about A.D. 170, says, in his Dialogue with Trypho the Jew, that the Jews dispersed the story by means of special messengers sent to every country.
【마28:16 JFB】마28:16-20. Jesus Meets with the Disciples on a Mountain in Galilee and Gives Forth the Great Commission.
16. Then the eleven disciples went away into Galilee—but certainly not before the second week after the resurrection, and probably somewhat later.
into a mountain where Jesus had appointed them—It should have been rendered "the mountain," meaning some certain mountain which He had named to them—probably the night before He suffered, when He said, "After I am risen, I will go before you into Galilee" (마26:32; 막14:28). What it was can only be conjectured; but of the two between which opinions are divided—the Mount of the Beatitudes or Mount Tabor—the former is much the more probable, from its nearness to the Sea of Tiberias, where last before this the Narrative tells us that He met and dined with seven of them. (요21:1, &c.). That the interview here recorded was the same as that referred to in one place only—고전15:6—when "He was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remained unto that day, though some were fallen asleep," is now the opinion of the ablest students of the evangelical history. Nothing can account for such a number as five hundred assembling at one spot but the expectation of some promised manifestation of their risen Lord: and the promise before His resurrection, twice repeated after it, best explains this immense gathering.
【마28:16 MHCC】This evangelist passes over other appearances of Christ, recorded by Luke and John, and hastens to the most solemn; one appointed before his death, and after his resurrection. All that see the Lord Jesus with an eye of faith, will worship him. Yet the faith of the sincere may be very weak and wavering. But Christ gave such convincing proofs of his resurrection, as made their faith to triumph over doubts. He now solemnly commissioned the apostles and his ministers to go forth among all nations. The salvation they were to preach, is a common salvation; whoever will, let him come, and take the benefit; all are welcome to Christ Jesus. Christianity is the religion of a sinner who applies for salvation from deserved wrath and from sin; he applies to the mercy of the Father, through the atonement of the incarnate Son, and by the sanctification of the Holy Spirit, and gives up himself to be the worshipper and servant of God, as the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, three Persons but one God, in all his ordinances and commandments. Baptism is an outward sign of that inward washing, or sanctification of the Spirit, which seals and evidences the believer's justification. Let us examine ourselves, whether we really possess the inward and spiritual grace of a death unto sin, and a new birth unto righteousness, by which those who were the children of wrath become the children of God. Believers shall have the constant presence of their Lord always; all days, every day. There is no day, no hour of the day, in which our Lord Jesus is not present with his churches and with his ministers; if there were, in that day, that hour, they would be undone. The God of Israel, the Saviour, is sometimes a God that hideth himself, but never a God at a distance. To these precious words Amen is added. Even so, Lord Jesus, be thou with us and all thy people; cause thy face to shine upon us, that thy way may be known upon earth, thy saving health among all nations.
【마28:17 JFB】17. And when they saw him, they worshipped him; but some doubted—certainly none of "the Eleven," after what took place at previous interviews in Jerusalem. But if the five hundred were now present, we may well believe this of some of them.
【마28:19 JFB】19. Go ye therefore, and teach all nations—rather, "make disciples of all nations"; for "teaching," in the more usual sense of that word, comes in afterwards, and is expressed by a different term.
baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost—It should be, "into the name"; as in 고전10:2, "And were all baptized unto (or rather 'into') Moses"; and 갈3:27, "For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ."
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.