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■ 룻기 4장
1. 보아스가 성문에 올라가서 거기 앉았더니 마침 보아스의 말하던 기업 무를 자가 지나는지라 보아스가 그에게 이르되 아무여 이리로 와서 앉으라 그가 와서 앉으매
Then went Boaz up to the gate , and sat him down there: and, behold, the kinsman of whom Boaz spake came by; unto whom he said , Ho , such a one ! turn aside , sit down here. And he turned aside , and sat down .
2. 보아스가 성읍 장로 십 인을 청하여 가로되 당신들은 여기 앉으라 그들이 앉으매
And he took ten men of the elders of the city , and said , Sit ye down here. And they sat down .
3. 보아스가 그 기업 무를 자에게 이르되 모압 지방에서 돌아온 나오미가 우리 형제 엘리멜렉의 소유지를 관할하므로
And he said unto the kinsman , Naomi , that is come again out of the country of Moab , selleth a parcel of land , which was our brother Elimelech’s :
4. 내가 여기 앉은 자들과 내 백성의 장로들 앞에서 그것을 사라고 네게 고하여 알게 하려 하였노라 네가 무르려면 무르려니와 네가 무르지 아니하려거든 내게 고하여 알게 하라 네 다음은 나요 그 외에는 무를 자가 없느니라 그가 가로되 내가 무르리라
And I thought to advertise thee, saying , Buy it before the inhabitants , and before the elders of my people . If thou wilt redeem it, redeem it: but if thou wilt not redeem it, then tell me, that I may know : for there is none to redeem it beside thee; and I am after thee. And he said , I will redeem it.
5. 보아스가 가로되 네가 나오미의 손에서 그 밭을 사는 날에 곧 죽은 자의 아내 모압 여인 룻에게서 사서 그 죽은 자의 기업을 그 이름으로 잇게 하여야 할지니라
Then said Boaz , What day thou buyest the field of the hand of Naomi , thou must buy it also of Ruth the Moabitess , the wife of the dead , to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance .
6. 그 기업 무를 자가 가로되 나는 내 기업에 손해가 있을까하여 나를 위하여 무르지 못하노니 나의 무를 권리를 네가 취하라 나는 무르지 못하겠노라
And the kinsman said , I cannot redeem it for myself, lest I mar mine own inheritance : redeem thou my right to thyself; for I cannot redeem it.
7. 옛적 이스라엘 중에 모든 것을 무르거나 교환하는 일을 확정하기 위하여 사람이 그 신을 벗어 그 이웃에게 주더니 이것이 이스라엘의 증명하는 전례가 된지라
Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing , for to confirm all things ; a man plucked off his shoe , and gave it to his neighbour : and this was a testimony in Israel .
8. 이에 그 기업 무를 자가 보아스에게 이르되 네가 너를 위하여 사라 하고 그 신을 벗는지라
Therefore the kinsman said unto Boaz , Buy it for thee. So he drew off his shoe .
9. 보아스가 장로들과 모든 백성에게 이르되 내가 엘리멜렉과 기룐과 말론에게 있던 모든 것을 나오미의 손에서 산 일에 너희가 오늘날 증인이 되었고
And Boaz said unto the elders , and unto all the people , Ye are witnesses this day , that I have bought all that was Elimelech’s , and all that was Chilion’s and Mahlon’s , of the hand of Naomi .
10. 또 말론의 아내 모압 여인 룻을 사서 나의 아내로 취하고 그 죽은 자의 기업을 그 이름으로 잇게 하여 그 이름이 그 형제 중과 그곳 성문에서 끊어지지 않게 함에 너희가 오늘날 증인이 되었느니라
Moreover Ruth the Moabitess , the wife of Mahlon , have I purchased to be my wife , to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance , that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren , and from the gate of his place : ye are witnesses this day .
11. 성문에 있는 모든 백성과 장로들이 가로되 우리가 증인이 되노니 여호와께서 네 집에 들어가는 여인으로 이스라엘 집을 세운 라헬, 레아 두 사람과 같게 하시고 너로 에브랏에서 유력하고 베들레헴에서 유명케 하시기를 원하며
And all the people that were in the gate , and the elders , said , We are witnesses . The Lord make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah , which two did build the house of Israel : and do thou worthily in Ephratah , and be famous in Beth–lehem :
12. 여호와께서 이 소년 여자로 네게 후사를 주사 네 집으로 다말이 유다에게 낳아준 베레스의 집과 같게 하시기를 원하노라
And let thy house be like the house of Pharez , whom Tamar bare unto Judah , of the seed which the Lord shall give thee of this young woman .
13. 이에 보아스가 룻을 취하여 아내를 삼고 그와 동침하였더니 여호와께서 그로 잉태케 하시므로 그가 아들을 낳은지라
So Boaz took Ruth , and she was his wife : and when he went in unto her, the Lord gave her conception , and she bare a son .
14. 여인들이 나오미에게 이르되 찬송할지로다 여호와께서 오늘날 네게 기업 무를 자가 없게 아니하셨도다 이 아이의 이름이 이스라엘 중에 유명하게 되기를 원하노라
And the women said unto Naomi , Blessed be the Lord , which hath not left thee this day without a kinsman , that his name may be famous in Israel .
15. 이는 네 생명의 회복자며 네 노년의 봉양자라 곧 너를 사랑하며 일곱 아들보다 귀한 자부가 낳은 자로다
And he shall be unto thee a restorer of thy life , and a nourisher of thine old age : for thy daughter in law , which loveth thee, which is better to thee than seven sons , hath born him.
16. 나오미가 아기를 취하여 품에 품고 그의 양육자가 되니
And Naomi took the child , and laid it in her bosom , and became nurse unto it.
17. 그 이웃 여인들이 그에게 이름을 주되 나오미가 아들을 낳았다 하여 그 이름을 오벳이라 하였는데 그는 다윗의 아비인 이새의 아비였더라
And the women her neighbours gave it a name , saying , There is a son born to Naomi ; and they called his name Obed : he is the father of Jesse , the father of David .
18. 베레스의 세계는 이러하니라 베레스는 헤스론을 낳았고
Now these are the generations of Pharez : Pharez begat Hezron ,
19. 헤스론은 람을 낳았고 람은 암미나답을 낳았고
And Hezron begat Ram , and Ram begat Amminadab ,
20. 암미나답은 나손을 낳았고 나손은 살몬을 낳았고
And Amminadab begat Nahshon , and Nahshon begat Salmon ,
21. 살몬은 보아스를 낳았고 보아스는 오벳을 낳았고
And Salmon begat Boaz , and Boaz begat Obed ,
22. 오벳은 이새를 낳았고 이새는 다윗을 낳았더라
And Obed begat Jesse , and Jesse begat David .
■ 주석 보기
【룻4:1 JFB】룻4:1-5. Boaz Calls into Judgment the Next Kinsman.
1. Then went Boaz up to the gate of the city—a roofed building, unenclosed by walls; the place where, in ancient times, and in many Eastern towns still, all business transactions are made, and where, therefore, the kinsman was most likely to be found. No preliminaries were necessary in summoning one before the public assemblage; no writings and no delay were required. In a short conversation the matter was stated and arranged—probably in the morning as people went out, or at noon when they returned from the field.
【룻4:1 CWC】[A BLESSED BRIDE]
Chapter 3:1, 2.
The "rest" Naomi would secure for Ruth is that of a husband and a home.
Threshing-floors were commonly on the field where the grain was reaped, the process consisting in throwing it against the evening wind, the farmer remaining all night on the field for that purpose as well as to protect his property.
Verses 3-6.
The indelicacy of these verses is removed by the fact that it was the custom thus to remind a kinsman of his duty in such a case. The openness of the location is also to be kept in mind, together with the circumstance that orientals sleep by night in the clothing worn during the day, reclining simply upon a cloak or rug. Servants frequently sleep in the same tent with their master, lying crosswise at his feet, and if a covering be needed are allowed to draw the skirt of his covering over them.
Verses 7-18.
Spreading a skirt over one is in the East a symbol of protection, and in the case of a man's doing it for a woman equivalent to a marriage contract.
Rising while it was still dark, Ruth could without immodesty remove the veil from her face to receive in it the generous gift of barley for her and her mother-in-law. The word "veil" might be rendered "'apron" or "sheet," which in the case of poorer women, was linen or cotton and wrapped around the head so as almost entirely to conceal the face.
Note Boaz testimony to Ruth's character from one point of view (v. 11), and Naomi's testimony to his from another (v, 18).
Chapter 4:1-8.
The "gate' was something like the town hall with us, where all the legal business was transacted. It was a building with a cover but without walls, and a place which everybody passed by. It was easy to find a jury of 10 men there any time; and as soon as the kinsman came in sight whose duty it was first to redeem before Boaz, calling him to wait, the case was entered upon with simplicity and informality (vv. 1-4). (For the law governing this matter, see 레25:25.)
The kinsman was disposed to take the land until he learned that he must take Ruth with it when he changed his mind (vv. 4-6). (For the law, see 신25:25.) How it would have marred his inheritance to have married Ruth is not clear (v. 6), except it be that a son born to him by her could not have carried his name but that of his brother, or possibly her Moabitish nationality alarmed him because of its contrariness to the Mosaic law. Boaz believes that the law is suspended in Ruth's case, who has become a proselyte to the Jewish faith, but the other kinsman does not.
"The shoe symbolized a possession which one had, and could tread with his feet at pleasure. Hence when the kinsman pulled off his shoe and gave it to Boaz, he surrendered to him all claims to the possession which would have been his under other circumstances." -- Cassel.
Verses 9-17.
Verses 11, 12 seem to be a bridal benediction. Rachel and Leah had been greatly blessed with offspring and Pharez was honored as an ancestor of the Bethlehemites (v. 18).
The blessing of Ruth is regarded as that of Naomi as well (v. 14), for in the former's child her house will be raised up again. This is set forth in the name, Obed, which means "one that serves," i. e., one that serves Naomi.
In the conclusion of this verse we have the words in which the whole book reaches its culmination, the completion of the blessing pronounced on Ruth by Boaz (c. 2:18). "Thus the coming of the King is prepared for, on whom the Lord had determined to confirm the dominion over His people for evermore. And the converted Moabitess, who entered as a worthy member into the commonwealth of God's people, became the mother of David and of Christ." -- Gerlach.
Speaking of the genealogical question itself, there is an interval of 380 years between Solomon and David (vv. 20-22). Whole generations are omitted evidently and only leading characters are named.
【룻4:1 MHCC】This matter depended on the laws given by Moses about inheritances, and doubtless the whole was settled in the regular and legal manner. This kinsman, when he heard the conditions of the bargain, refused it. In like manner many are shy of the great redemption; they are not willing to espouse religion; they have heard well of it, and have nothing to say against it; they will give it their good word, but they are willing to part with it, and cannot be bound to it, for fear of marring their own inheritance in this world. The right was resigned to Boaz. Fair and open dealing in all matters of contract and trade, is what all must make conscience of, who would approve themselves true Israelites, without guile. Honesty will be found the best policy.
【룻4:2 JFB】2. he took ten men of the elders of the city—as witnesses. In ordinary circumstances, two or three were sufficient to attest a bargain; but in cases of importance, such as matrimony, divorce, conveyancing of property, it was the Jewish practice to have ten (왕상21:8).
【룻4:3 JFB】3. Naomi … selleth a parcel of land—that is, entertains the idea of selling. In her circumstances she was at liberty to part with it (레25:25). Both Naomi and Ruth had an interest in the land during their lives; but Naomi alone was mentioned, not only because she directed all the negotiations, but because the introduction of Ruth's name would awaken a suspicion of the necessity of marrying her, before the first proposition was answered.
【룻4:4 JFB】4. there is none to redeem it beside thee; and I am after thee—(See on 신25:5). The redemption of the land of course involved a marriage with Ruth, the widow of the former owner.
【룻4:6 JFB】룻4:6-8. He Refuses the Redemption.
6. The kinsman said, I cannot redeem it …, lest I mar mine own inheritance—This consequence would follow, either, first, from his having a son by Ruth, who, though heir to the property, would not bear his name; his name would be extinguished in that of her former husband; or, secondly, from its having to be subdivided among his other children, which he had probably by a previous marriage. This right, therefore, was renounced and assigned in favor of Boaz, in the way of whose marriage with Ruth the only existing obstacle was now removed.
【룻4:7 JFB】7, 8. a man plucked off his shoe—Where the kinsman refused to perform his duty to the family of his deceased relation, the widow was directed to pull off the shoe with some attendant circumstances of contemptuous disdain. But, as in this case, there was no refusal, the usual ignominy was spared; and the plucking off the shoe, the only ceremony observed, was a pledge of the transaction being completed.
【룻4:9 JFB】룻4:9-12. He Marries Ruth.
9. Boaz said unto the elders, Ye are witnesses this day, that I have bought all that was … Chilion's and Mahlon's, of the hand of Naomi—Although the widow of Chilion was still living, no regard was paid to her in the disposal of her husband's property. From her remaining in Moab, she was considered to have either been married again, or to have renounced all right to an inheritance with the family of Elimelech.
【룻4:9 MHCC】Men are ready to seize opportunities for increasing their estates, but few know the value of godliness. Such are the wise men of this world, whom the Lord charges with folly. They attend not to the concerns of their souls, but reject the salvation of Christ, for fear of marring their inheritance. But God did Boaz the honour to bring him into the line of the Messiah, while the kinsman, who was afraid of lessening himself, and marring his inheritance, has his name, family, and inheritance forgotten.
【룻4:10 JFB】10. Ruth the Moabitess … have I purchased to be my wife—This connection Boaz not only might form, since Ruth had embraced the true religion, but he was under a legal necessity of forming it.
【룻4:11 JFB】11. all the people and the elders, said, We are witnesses—A multitude, doubtless from curiosity or interest, were present on the occasion. There was no signing of deeds; yet was the transfer made, and complete security given, by the public manner in which the whole matter was carried on and concluded.
the Lord make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah—This was the usual bridal benediction.
【룻4:12 JFB】12. let thy house be like the house of Pharez—that is, as honorable and numerous as his. He was the ancestor of the Beth-lehem people, and his family one of the five from which the tribe of Judah sprang.
【룻4:13 JFB】룻4:13-18. She Bears Obed.
【룻4:13 MHCC】Ruth bore a son, through whom thousands and myriads were born to God; and in being the lineal ancestor of Christ, she was instrumental in the happiness of all that shall be saved by him; even of us Gentiles, as well as those of Jewish descent. She was a witness for God to the Gentile world, that he had not utterly forsaken them, but that in due time they should become one with his chosen people, and partake of his salvation. Prayer to God attended the marriage, and praise to him attended the birth of the child. What a pity it is that pious language should not be more used among Christians, or that it should be let fall into formality! Here is the descent of David from Ruth. And the period came when Bethlehem-Judah displayed greater wonders than those in the history of Ruth, when the outcast babe of another forlorn female of the same race appeared, controlling the counsels of the Roman master of the world, and drawing princes and wise men from the east, with treasures of gold, and frankincense, and myrrh to his feet. His name shall endure for ever, and all nations shall call Him blessed. In that Seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed.
【룻4:17 JFB】17. Obed—means "servant."
【룻4:18 JFB】18-22. these are the generations of Pharez—that is, his descendants. This appendix shows that the special object contemplated by the inspired author of this little book was to preserve the memory of an interesting domestic episode, and to trace the genealogy of David. There was an interval of three hundred eighty years between Salmon and David. It is evident that whole generations are omitted; the leading personages only are named, and grandfathers are said, in Scripture language, to beget their grandchildren, without specifying the intermediate links.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.