티스토리 뷰
■ 목차
├ 본문 보기
├ 주석 보기
└ 일러두기
| 한글듣기☞ | 영어듣기☞ |
■ 예레미야 51장
1. 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 보라 내가 멸망시키는 자의 마음을 일으켜 바벨론을 치고 또 나를 대적하는 자 중에 처하는 자를 치되
Thus saith the Lord ; Behold, I will raise up against Babylon , and against them that dwell in the midst of them that rise up against me, a destroying wind ;
2. 내가 타국인을 바벨론에 보내어 키질하여 그 땅을 비게 하리니 재앙의 날에 그를 에워 치리로다
And will send unto Babylon fanners , that shall fan her, and shall empty her land : for in the day of trouble they shall be against her round about .
3. 활을 당기는 자를 향하며 갑주를 갖추고 선 자를 향하여 쏘는 자는 그 활을 당길 것이라 그 청년들을 아끼지 말며 그 군대를 진멸하라
Against him that bendeth let the archer bend his bow , and against him that lifteth himself up in his brigandine : and spare ye not her young men ; destroy ye utterly all her host .
4. 무리가 갈대아인의 땅에서 죽임을 당하여 엎드러질 것이요 그 거리에서 찔림을 당한 자가 엎드러지리라 하시도다
Thus the slain shall fall in the land of the Chaldeans , and they that are thrust through in her streets .
5. 대저 이스라엘과 유다가 이스라엘의 거룩하신 자를 거역하므로 죄과가 땅에 가득하나 그 하나님 만군의 여호와에게 버림을 입지 아니하였나니
For Israel hath not been forsaken , nor Judah of his God , of the Lord of hosts ; though their land was filled with sin against the Holy One of Israel .
6. 바벨론 가운데서 도망하여 나와서 각기 생명을 구원하고 그의 죄악으로 인하여 끊침을 보지 말지어다 이는 여호와의 보수의 때니 그에게 보복하시리라
Flee out of the midst of Babylon , and deliver every man his soul : be not cut off in her iniquity ; for this is the time of the Lord’s vengeance ; he will render unto her a recompence .
7. 바벨론은 여호와의 수중의 온 세계로 취케 하는 금잔이라 열방이 그 포도주를 마시고 인하여 미쳤도다
Babylon hath been a golden cup in the Lord’s hand , that made all the earth drunken : the nations have drunken of her wine ; therefore the nations are mad .
8. 바벨론이 졸지에 넘어져 파멸되니 이로 인하여 울라 그 창상을 인하여 유향을 구하라 혹 나으리로다
Babylon is suddenly fallen and destroyed : howl for her; take balm for her pain , if so be she may be healed .
9. 우리가 바벨론을 치료하려 하여도 낫지 아니한즉 버리고 각기 고토로 돌아가자 그 화가 하늘에 미쳤고 궁창에 달하였음이로다
We would have healed Babylon , but she is not healed : forsake her, and let us go every one into his own country : for her judgment reacheth unto heaven , and is lifted up even to the skies .
10. 여호와께서 우리 의를 드러내셨으니 오라 시온에서 우리 하나님 여호와의 일을 선포하자
The Lord hath brought forth our righteousness : come , and let us declare in Zion the work of the Lord our God .
11. 화살을 갈며 방패를 굳게 잡으라 여호와께서 메대 왕들의 마음을 격발하사 바벨론을 멸하기로 뜻하시나니 이는 여호와의 보수하시는 것 곧 그 성전의 보수하시는 것이라
Make bright the arrows ; gather the shields : the Lord hath raised up the spirit of the kings of the Medes : for his device is against Babylon , to destroy it; because it is the vengeance of the Lord , the vengeance of his temple .
12. 바벨론 성벽을 향하여 기를 세우고 튼튼히 지키며 파수꾼을 세우며 복병을 베풀어 방비하라 이는 여호와께서 바벨론 거민에 대하여 말씀하신 대로 경영하시고 행하심이로다
Set up the standard upon the walls of Babylon , make the watch strong , set up the watchmen , prepare the ambushes : for the Lord hath both devised and done that which he spake against the inhabitants of Babylon .
13. 많은 물 가에 거하여 재물이 많은 자여 네 탐남의 한정, 네 결국이 이르렀도다
O thou that dwellest upon many waters , abundant in treasures , thine end is come , and the measure of thy covetousness .
14. 만군의 여호와께서 자기로 맹세하시되 내가 진실로 사람을 황충 같이 네게 가득히 하리니 그들이 너를 향하여 소리를 높이리라 하시도다
The Lord of hosts hath sworn by himself , saying, Surely I will fill thee with men , as with caterpillers ; and they shall lift up a shout against thee.
15. 여호와께서 그 권능으로 땅을 지으셨고 그 지혜로 세계를 세우셨고 그 명철로 하늘들을 펴셨으며
He hath made the earth by his power , he hath established the world by his wisdom , and hath stretched out the heaven by his understanding .
16. 그가 목소리를 발하신즉 하늘에 많은 물이 생기나니 그는 땅끝에서 구름이 오르게 하시며 비를 위하여 번개하게 하시며 그 곳간에서 바람을 내시거늘
When he uttereth his voice , there is a multitude of waters in the heavens ; and he causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth : he maketh lightnings with rain , and bringeth forth the wind out of his treasures .
17. 사람마다 우준하고 무식하도다 금장색마다 자기의 만든 신상으로 인하여 수치를 당하나니 이는 그 부어만든 우상은 거짓이요 그 속에 생기가 없음이라
Every man is brutish by his knowledge ; every founder is confounded by the graven image : for his molten image is falsehood , and there is no breath in them.
18. 그것들은 헛것이요 망령되이 만든 것인즉 징벌하시는 때에 멸망할 것이나
They are vanity , the work of errors : in the time of their visitation they shall perish .
19. 야곱의 분깃은 이같지 아니하시니 그는 만물의 조성자요 이스라엘은 그 산업의 지파라 그 이름은 만군의 여호와시니라
The portion of Jacob is not like them; for he is the former of all things: and Israel is the rod of his inheritance : the Lord of hosts is his name .
20. 여호와께서 가라사대 너는 나의 철퇴 곧 병기라 내가 너로 열방을 파하며 너로 국가들을 멸하며
Thou art my battle axe and weapons of war : for with thee will I break in pieces the nations , and with thee will I destroy kingdoms ;
21. 내가 너로 말과 그 탄 자를 부수며 너로 병거와 그 탄 자를 부수며
And with thee will I break in pieces the horse and his rider ; and with thee will I break in pieces the chariot and his rider ;
22. 너로 남자와 여자를 부수며 너로 노년과 유년을 부수며 너로 청년과 처녀를 부수며
With thee also will I break in pieces man and woman ; and with thee will I break in pieces old and young ; and with thee will I break in pieces the young man and the maid ;
23. 너로 목자와 그 양떼를 부수며 너로 농부와 그 멍엣소를 부수며 너로 방백들과 두령들을 부수리로다
I will also break in pieces with thee the shepherd and his flock ; and with thee will I break in pieces the husbandman and his yoke of oxen ; and with thee will I break in pieces captains and rulers .
24. 그들이 너희 목전에 시온에서 모든 악을 행한 대로 내가 바벨론과 갈대아 모든 거민에게 갚으리라 여호와의 말이니라
And I will render unto Babylon and to all the inhabitants of Chaldea all their evil that they have done in Zion in your sight , saith the Lord .
25. 나 여호와가 말하노라 온 세계를 멸한 멸망의 산아 보라 나는 네 대적이라 나의 손을 네 위에 펴서 너를 바위에서 굴리고 너로 불 탄 산이 되게 할 것이니
Behold, I am against thee, O destroying mountain , saith the Lord , which destroyest all the earth : and I will stretch out mine hand upon thee, and roll thee down from the rocks , and will make thee a burnt mountain .
26. 사람이 네게서 집 모퉁이 돌이나 기초돌을 취하지 아니할 것이요 너는 영영히 황무지가 될 것이니라 여호와의 말이니라
And they shall not take of thee a stone for a corner , nor a stone for foundations ; but thou shalt be desolate for ever , saith the Lord .
27. 땅에 기를 세우며 열방 중에 나팔을 불어서 열국을 예비시켜 그를 치며 아라랏과 민니와 아스그나스 나라를 불러 모아 그를 치며 대장으로 세우고 그를 치되 사나운 황충 같이 그 말들을 몰아오게 하라
Set ye up a standard in the land , blow the trumpet among the nations , prepare the nations against her, call together against her the kingdoms of Ararat , Minni , and Ashchenaz ; appoint a captain against her; cause the horses to come up as the rough caterpillers .
28. 열국 곧 메대인의 왕들과 그 방백들과 그 모든 두령과 그 관할하는 모든 땅을 예비시켜 그를 치게 하라
Prepare against her the nations with the kings of the Medes , the captains thereof, and all the rulers thereof, and all the land of his dominion .
29. 땅이 진동하며 고통하나니 이는 나 여호와가 바벨론을 쳐서 그 땅으로 황무하여 거민이 없게 할 경영이 섰음이라
And the land shall tremble and sorrow : for every purpose of the Lord shall be performed against Babylon , to make the land of Babylon a desolation without an inhabitant .
30. 바벨론의 용사는 싸움을 그치고 그 요새에 머무르나 기력이 쇠하여 여인 같이 되며 그 거처는 불타고 그 문빗장은 부러졌으며
The mighty men of Babylon have forborn to fight , they have remained in their holds : their might hath failed ; they became as women : they have burned her dwellingplaces ; her bars are broken .
31. 보발꾼이 달려 만나고 사자가 달려 만나서 바벨론 왕에게 고하기를 그 성읍 사방이 함락되었으며
One post shall run to meet another , and one messenger to meet another , to shew the king of Babylon that his city is taken at one end ,
32. 모든 나루는 빼앗겼으며 갈밭이 불탔으며 군사들이 두려워하더이다 하리라
And that the passages are stopped , and the reeds they have burned with fire , and the men of war are affrighted .
33. 만군의 여호와 이스라엘의 하나님이 이같이 말씀하시되 딸 바벨론은 때가 이른 타작마당과 같은지라 미구에 추수 때가 이르리라 하시도다
For thus saith the Lord of hosts , the God of Israel ; The daughter of Babylon is like a threshingfloor , it is time to thresh her: yet a little while , and the time of her harvest shall come .
34. 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살이 나를 먹으며 나를 멸하며 나로 빈 그릇이 되게 하며 용 같이 나를 삼키며 나의 좋은 음식으로 그 배를 채우고 나를 쫓아내었으니
Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon hath devoured me, he hath crushed me, he hath made me an empty vessel , he hath swallowed me up like a dragon , he hath filled his belly with my delicates , he hath cast me out .
35. 나와 내 육체에 대한 잔학이 바벨론에 돌아가기를 원한다고 시온 거민이 말할 것이요 내 피 흘린 죄가 갈대아 거민에게로 돌아가기를 원한다고 예루살렘이 말하리라
The violence done to me and to my flesh be upon Babylon , shall the inhabitant of Zion say ; and my blood upon the inhabitants of Chaldea , shall Jerusalem say .
36. 그러므로 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 보라 내가 네 송사를 듣고 너를 위하여 보수하여 그 바다를 말리며 그 샘을 말리리니
Therefore thus saith the Lord ; Behold, I will plead thy cause , and take vengeance for thee ; and I will dry up her sea , and make her springs dry .
37. 바벨론이 황폐한 무더기가 되어서 시랑의 거처와 놀람과 치솟거리가 되고 거민이 없으리라
And Babylon shall become heaps , a dwellingplace for dragons , an astonishment , and an hissing , without an inhabitant .
38. 그들이 다 사자 같이 소리하며 어린 사자 같이 부르짖으며
They shall roar together like lions : they shall yell as lions’ whelps .
39. 열정이 일어날 때에 내가 연회를 베풀고 그들로 취하여 기뻐하다가 영영히 잠들어 깨지 못하게 하리라 여호와의 말이니라
In their heat I will make their feasts , and I will make them drunken , that they may rejoice , and sleep a perpetual sleep , and not wake , saith the Lord .
40. 내가 그들을 끌어 내려서 어린 양과 수양과 수염소가 도수장으로 가는 것 같게 하리라
I will bring them down like lambs to the slaughter , like rams with he goats .
41. 슬프다 세삭이 함락되었도다 온 세상의 칭찬 받는 성이 빼앗겼도다 슬프다 바벨론이 열방 중에 황폐하였도다
How is Sheshach taken ! and how is the praise of the whole earth surprised ! how is Babylon become an astonishment among the nations !
42. 바다가 바벨론에 넘침이여 그 많은 파도가 그것에 덮였도다
The sea is come up upon Babylon : she is covered with the multitude of the waves thereof.
43. 그 성읍들은 황폐하여 마른 땅과 사막과 거민이 없는 땅이 되었으니 그리로 지나가는 인자가 없도다
Her cities are a desolation , a dry land , and a wilderness , a land wherein no man dwelleth , neither doth any son of man pass thereby .
44. 내가 벨을 바벨론에서 벌하고 그 삼킨 것을 그 입에서 끌어 내리니 열방이 다시는 그에게로 흘러가지 아니하겠고 바벨론 성벽은 무너지리로다
And I will punish Bel in Babylon , and I will bring forth out of his mouth that which he hath swallowed up : and the nations shall not flow together any more unto him: yea, the wall of Babylon shall fall .
45. 나의 백성아 너희는 그 중에서 나와 각기 나 여호와의 진노에서 스스로 구원하라
My people , go ye out of the midst of her, and deliver ye every man his soul from the fierce anger of the Lord .
46. 너희 마음을 겁약하게 말며 이 땅에서 들리는 풍설을 인하여 두려워 말라 풍설은 이 해에도 있었고 저 해에도 있으리라 경내에는 강포함이 있어 관원끼리 서로 치리라
And lest your heart faint , and ye fear for the rumour that shall be heard in the land ; a rumour shall both come one year , and after that in another year shall come a rumour , and violence in the land , ruler against ruler .
47. 그러므로 보라 날이 이르리니 내가 바벨론의 조각한 신상들을 벌할 것이라 그 온 땅이 치욕을 당하겠고 그 살육당한 모든 자가 그 가운데 엎드러질 것이며
Therefore, behold, the days come , that I will do judgment upon the graven images of Babylon : and her whole land shall be confounded , and all her slain shall fall in the midst of her.
48. 하늘과 땅과 그 중의 모든 것이 바벨론을 인하여 기뻐 노래하리니 이는 파멸시키는 자가 북방에서 그에게 옴이니라 여호와의 말이니라
Then the heaven and the earth , and all that is therein, shall sing for Babylon : for the spoilers shall come unto her from the north , saith the Lord .
49. 바벨론이 이스라엘 사람을 살육하여 엎드러뜨림 같이 온 땅 사람이 바벨론에서 살육을 당하여 엎드러지리라 하시도다
As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall , so at Babylon shall fall the slain of all the earth .
50. 칼을 면한 자들이여 서지 말라 행하라 원방에서 여호와를 생각하며 예루살렘을 너희 마음에 두라
Ye that have escaped the sword , go away , stand not still : remember the Lord afar off , and let Jerusalem come into your mind .
51. 이방인이 여호와의 집 성소에 들어가므로 우리가 책망을 들으며 수치를 당하여 부끄러움이 우리 얼굴에 덮였느니라
We are confounded , because we have heard reproach : shame hath covered our faces : for strangers are come into the sanctuaries of the Lord’s house .
52. 그러므로 여호와께서 가라사대 보라 날이 이르리니 내가 그 조각한 신상을 벌할 것이라 상함을 입은 자들이 그 땅에서 신음하리라
Wherefore, behold, the days come , saith the Lord , that I will do judgment upon her graven images : and through all her land the wounded shall groan .
53. 가령 바벨론이 하늘까지 솟아오른다 하자 멸망시킬 자가 내게서부터 그들에게 임하리라 여호와의 말이니라
Though Babylon should mount up to heaven , and though she should fortify the height of her strength , yet from me shall spoilers come unto her, saith the Lord .
54. 바벨론에서 부르짖는 소리여 갈대아인의 땅에 큰 파멸의 소리로다
A sound of a cry cometh from Babylon , and great destruction from the land of the Chaldeans :
55. 이는 여호와께서 바벨론을 황폐케 하사 그 떠드는 소리를 끊으심이로다 그 대적이 많은 물의 요동함 같이 요란한 소리를 발하니
Because the Lord hath spoiled Babylon , and destroyed out of her the great voice ; when her waves do roar like great waters , a noise of their voice is uttered :
56. 곧 멸망시키는 자가 바벨론에 임함이라 그 용사들이 사로 잡히고 그들의 활이 꺾이도다 여호와는 보복의 하나님이시니 반드시 보응하시리로다
Because the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon , and her mighty men are taken , every one of their bows is broken : for the Lord God of recompences shall surely requite .
57. 만군의 여호와라 일컫는 왕이 이같이 말씀하시되 내가 그 방백들과 박사들과 감독들과 관장들과 용사들로 취하게 하리니 그들이 영영히 자고 깨지 못하리라
And I will make drunk her princes , and her wise men, her captains , and her rulers , and her mighty men : and they shall sleep a perpetual sleep , and not wake , saith the King , whose name is the Lord of hosts .
58. 만군의 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 바벨론의 넓은 성벽은 온전히 무너지겠고 그 높은 문들은 불에 탈 것이며 백성들의 수고는 헛될 것이요 민족들의 수고는 불탈 것인즉 그들이 쇠패하리라 하시니라
Thus saith the Lord of hosts ; The broad walls of Babylon shall be utterly broken , and her high gates shall be burned with fire ; and the people shall labour in vain , and the folk in the fire , and they shall be weary .
59. 유다와 시드기야 사년에 마세야의 손자 네리야의 아들 스라야가 왕과 함께 바벨론으로 갈 때에 선지자 예레미야가 그에게 말씀을 명하니 스라야는 시종장이더라
The word which Jeremiah the prophet commanded Seraiah the son of Neriah , the son of Maaseiah , when he went with Zedekiah the king of Judah into Babylon in the fourth year of his reign . And this Seraiah was a quiet prince .
60. 예레미야가 바벨론에 임한 모든 재앙 곧 바벨론에 대하여 기록한 이 모든 말씀을 한 책에 기록하고
So Jeremiah wrote in a book all the evil that should come upon Babylon , even all these words that are written against Babylon .
61. 예레미야가 스라야에게 이르되 너는 바벨론에 이르거든 삼가 이 모든 말씀을 읽고
And Jeremiah said to Seraiah , When thou comest to Babylon , and shalt see , and shalt read all these words ;
62. 말하기를 여호와여 주께서 이곳에 대하여 말씀하시기를 이 땅을 멸하여 사람이나 짐승이 거기 거하지 못하게 하고 영영히 황폐케 하리라 하셨나이다 하라
Then shalt thou say , O Lord , thou hast spoken against this place , to cut it off , that none shall remain in it, neither man nor beast , but that it shall be desolate for ever .
63. 너는 이 책 읽기를 다한 후에 책에 돌을 매어 유브라데 하수 속에 던지며
And it shall be, when thou hast made an end of reading this book , that thou shalt bind a stone to it, and cast it into the midst of Euphrates :
64. 말하기를 바벨론이 나의 재앙 내림을 인하여 이같이 침륜하고 다시 일어나지 못하리니 그들이 쇠패하리라 하라 하니라 예레미야의 말이 이에 마치니라
And thou shalt say , Thus shall Babylon sink , and shall not rise from the evil that I will bring upon her: and they shall be weary . Thus far are the words of Jeremiah .
■ 주석 보기
【렘51:1 JFB】렘51:1-64. Continuation of the Prophecy against Babylon Begun in the Fiftieth Chapter.
1. in the midst of them that rise … against me—literally, "in the heart" of them. Compare 시46:2, "the midst of the sea," Margin;겔27:4, "the heart of the seas"; Margin;마12:40. In the center of the Chaldeans. "Against Me," because they persecute My people. The cabalistic mode of interpreting Hebrew words (by taking the letters in the inverse order of the alphabet, the last letter representing the first, and so on, 렘25:26) would give the very word Chaldeans here; but the mystical method cannot be intended, as "Babylon" is plainly so called in the immediately preceding parallel clause.
wind—God needs not warlike weapons to "destroy" His foes; a wind or blast is sufficient; though, no doubt, the "wind" here is the invading host of Medes and Persians (렘4:11; 왕하19:7).
【렘51:1 MHCC】 Babylon's doom; God's controversy with her; encouragements from thence to the Israel of God. (렘51:1-58) The confirming of this. (렘51:59-64)
렘51:1-58 The particulars of this prophecy are dispersed and interwoven, and the same things left and returned to again. Babylon is abundant in treasures, yet neither her waters nor her wealth shall secure her. Destruction comes when they did not think of it. Wherever we are, in the greatest depths, at the greatest distances, we are to remember the Lord our God; and in the times of the greatest fears and hopes, it is most needful to remember the Lord. The feeling excited by Babylon's fall is the same with the New Testament Babylon, 계18:9,19. The ruin of all who support idolatry, infidelity, and superstition, is needful for the revival of true godliness; and the threatening prophecies of Scripture yield comfort in this view. The great seat of antichristian tyranny, idolatry, and superstition, the persecutor of true Christians, is as certainly doomed to destruction as ancient Babylon. Then will vast multitudes mourn for sin, and seek the Lord. Then will the lost sheep of the house of Israel be brought back to the fold of the good Shepherd, and stray no more. And the exact fulfilment of these ancient prophecies encourages us to faith in all the promises and prophecies of the sacred Scriptures.
렘51:59-64 This prophecy is sent to Babylon, to the captives there, by Seraiah, who is to read it to his countrymen in captivity. Let them with faith see the end of these threatening powers, and comfort themselves herewith. When we see what this world is, how glittering its shows, and how flattering its proposals, let us read in the book of the Lord that it shall shortly be desolate. The book must be thrown into the river Euphrates. The fall of the New Testament Babylon is thus represented, 계18:21. Those that sink under the weight of God's wrath and curse, sink for ever. Babylon, and every antichrist, will soon sink and rise no more for ever. Let us hope in God's word, and quietly wait for his salvation; then we shall see, but shall not share, the destruction of the wicked.
【렘51:2 JFB】2. fanners—(See on 렘15:7). The fanners separate the wheat from the chaff; so God's judgments shall sweep away guilty Babylon as chaff (시1:4).
【렘51:3 JFB】3. Against him that bendeth—namely, the bow; that is, the Babylonian archer.
let the archer bend—that is, the Persian archer (렘50:4). The Chaldean version and Jerome, by changing the vowel points, read, "Let not him (the Babylonian) who bendeth his bow bend it." But the close of the verse is addressed to the Median invaders; therefore it is more likely that the first part of the verse is addressed to them, as in English Version, not to the Babylonians, to warn them against resistance as vain, as in the Chaldean version. The word "bend" is thrice repeated: "Against him that bendeth let him that bendeth bend," to imply the utmost straining of the bow.
【렘51:4 JFB】4. (See on 렘49:26; 렘50:30; 렘50:37).
【렘51:5 JFB】5. forsaken—as a widow (Hebrew). Israel is not severed from her husband, Jehovah (사54:5-7), by a perpetual divorce.
though … sin—though the land of Israel has been filled with sin, that is, with the punishment of their sin, devastation. But, as the Hebrew means "for," or "and therefore," not "though," translate, "and therefore their (the Chaldeans') land has been filled with (the penal consequences of) their sin" [Grotius].
【렘51:6 JFB】6. Warning to the Israelite captives to flee from Babylon, lest they should be involved in the punishment of her "iniquity." So as to spiritual Babylon and her captives (계18:4).
【렘51:7 JFB】7. Babylon is compared to a cup, because she was the vessel in the hand of God, to make drunken with His vengeance the other peoples (렘13:12; 25:15, 16). Compare as to spiritual Babylon, 계14:8; 17:4. The cup is termed "golden," to express the splendor and opulence of Babylon; whence also in the image seen by Nebuchadnezzar (단2:38) the head representing Babylon is of gold (compare 사14:4).
【렘51:8 JFB】8, 9. Her friends and confederates, who behold her fall, are invited to her aid. They reply, her case is incurable, and that they must leave her to her fate. (사21:9; 계14:8; 18:2, 9).
balm—(렘8:22; 46:11).
【렘51:9 JFB】9. We would have healed—We attempted to heal.
her judgment—her crimes provoking God's "judgments" [Grotius].
reacheth unto heaven—(창18:21; 욘1:2; 계18:5). Even the heathen nations perceive that her awful fall must be God's judgment for her crying sins (시9:16; 64:9).
【렘51:10 JFB】10. Next after the speech of the confederates of Babylon, comes that of the Jews celebrating with thanksgivings the promise-keeping faithfulness of their covenant God.
brought forth, &c.—(시37:6).
our righteousness—not the Jews' merits, but God's faithfulness to Himself and to His covenant, which constituted the "righteousness" of His people, that is, their justification in their controversy with Babylon, the cruel enemy of God and His people. Compare 렘23:6, "The Lord our righteousness"; 미7:9. Their righteousness is His righteousness.
declare in Zion—(시102:13-21).
【렘51:11 JFB】11. Make bright—literally, "pure." Polish and sharpen.
gather—literally, "fill"; that is, gather in full number, so that none be wanting. So, "gave in full tale" (삼상18:27). Gesenius, not so well, translates, "Fill with your bodies the shields" (compare 아4:4). He means to tell the Babylonians, Make what preparations you will, all will be in vain (compare 렘46:3-6).
kings of … Medes—He names the Medes rather than the Persians, because Darius, or Cyaxares, was above Cyrus in power and the greatness of his kingdom.
temple—(렘50:28).
【렘51:12 JFB】12. With all your efforts, your city shall be taken.
standard—to summon the defenders together to any point threatened by the besiegers.
【렘51:13 JFB】13. waters—(렘51:32, 36; see on 사21:1). The Euphrates surrounded the city and, being divided into many channels, formed islands. Compare as to spiritual Babylon "waters," that is, "many peoples," 계17:1, 15. A large lake also was near Babylon.
measure—literally, "cubit," which was the most common measure, and therefore is used for a measure in general. The time for putting a limit to thy covetousness [Gesenius]. There is no "and" in the Hebrew: translate, "thine end, the retribution for thy covetousness" [Grotius]. Maurer takes the image to be from weaving: "the cubit where thou art to be cut off"; for the web is cut off, when the required number of cubits is completed (사38:12).
【렘51:14 JFB】14. by himself—literally, "by His soul" (삼하15:21; 히6:13).
fill … with caterpillars—locusts (나3:15). Numerous as are the citizens of Babylon, the invaders shall be more numerous.
【렘51:15 JFB】15-19. Repeated from 렘10:12-16; except that "Israel" is not in the Hebrew of 렘51:19, which ought, therefore, to be translated, "He is the Former of all things, and (therefore) of the rod of His inheritance" (that is, of the nation peculiarly His own). In 렘10:1-25 the contrast is between the idols and God; here it is between the power of populous Babylon and that of God: "Thou dwellest upon many waters" (렘51:13); but God can, by merely "uttering His voice," create "many waters" (렘51:16). The "earth" (in its material aspect) is the result of His "power"; the "world" (viewed in its orderly system) is the result of His "wisdom," &c. (렘51:15). Such an Almighty Being can be at no loss for resources to effect His purpose against Babylon.
【렘51:20 JFB】20. (See on 렘50:23). "Break in pieces" refers to the "hammer" there (compare 나2:1, Margin). The club also was often used by ancient warriors.
【렘51:22 JFB】22. old and young—(대하36:17).
【렘51:24 JFB】24. The detail of particulars (렘51:20-23) is in order to express the indiscriminate slaughters perpetrated by Babylon on Zion, which, in just retribution, are all to befall her in turn (렘50:15, 29).
in your sight—addressed to the Jews.
【렘51:25 JFB】25. destroying mountain—called so, not from its position, for it lay low (렘51:13; 창11:2, 9), but from its eminence above other nations, many of which it had "destroyed"; also, because of its lofty palaces, towers, hanging gardens resting on arches, and walls, fifty royal cubits broad and two hundred high.
roll thee down from the rocks—that is, from thy rock-like fortifications and walls.
burnt mountain—(계8:8). A volcano, which, after having spent itself in pouring its "destroying" lava on all the country around, falls into the vacuum and becomes extinct, the surrounding "rocks" alone marking where the crater had been. Such was the appearance of Babylon after its destruction, and as the pumice stones of the volcano are left in their place, being unfit for building, so Babylon should never rise from its ruins.
【렘51:26 JFB】26. corner … stone … foundations—The corner-stone was the most important one in the building, the foundation-stones came next in importance (엡2:20). So the sense is, even as there shall be no stones useful for building left of thee, so no leading prince, or governors, shall come forth from thy inhabitants.
【렘51:27 JFB】27. (렘50:29). As in 렘51:12 the Babylonians were told to "set up the standard," so here her foes are told to do so: the latter, to good purpose; the former, in vain.
Ararat—Upper or Major Armenia, the regions about Mount Ararat.
Minni—Lower or Lesser Armenia. Rawlinson says that Van was the capital of Minni. It was conquered by Tettarrassa, the general of Tetembar II, the Assyrian king whose wars are recorded on the black obelisk now in the British Museum.
Ashchenaz—a descendant of Japheth (창10:3), who gave his name to the sea now called the Black Sea; the region bordering on it is probably here meant, namely, Asia Minor, including places named Ascania in Phrygia and Bithynia. Cyrus had subdued Asia Minor and the neighboring regions, and from these he drew levies in proceeding against Babylon.
rough caterpillars—The horsemen in multitude, and in appearance bristling with javelins and with crests, resemble "rough caterpillars," or locusts of the hairy-crested kind (나3:15).
【렘51:28 JFB】28. kings of … Medes—(렘51:11). The satraps and tributary kings under Darius, or Cyaxares.
his dominion—the king of Media's dominion.
【렘51:29 JFB】29. land shall tremble … every purpose of … Lord shall be performed—elegant antithesis between the trembling of the land or earth, and the stability of "every purpose of the Lord" (compare 시46:1-3).
【렘51:30 JFB】30. forborne to fight—for the city was not taken by force of arms, but by stratagem, according to the counsel given to Cyrus by two eunuchs of Belshazzar who deserted.
remained in … holds—not daring to go forth to fight; many, with Nabonidus, withdrew to the fortified city Borsippa.
【렘51:31 JFB】31. (See on 렘50:24).
One post—One courier after another shall announce the capture of the city. The couriers despatched from the walls, where Cyrus enters, shall "meet" those sent by the king. Their confused running to and fro would result from the sudden panic at the entrance of Cyrus into the city, which he had so long besieged ineffectually; the Babylonians had laughed at his attempts and were feasting at the time without fear.
taken at one end—which was not known for a long time to the king and his courtiers feasting in the middle of the city; so great was its extent that, when the city was already three days in the enemy's hands, the fact was not known in some parts of the city [Aristotle, Politics, 3.2].
【렘51:32 JFB】32. passages are stopped—The guarded fords of the Euphrates are occupied by the enemy (see on 렘50:38).
reeds … burned—literally, "the marsh." After draining off the river, Cyrus "burned" the stockade of dense tree-like "reeds" on its banks, forming the outworks of the city's fortifications. The burning of these would give the appearance of the marsh or river itself being on "fire."
【렘51:33 JFB】33. like a threshing-floor, it is time to thresh her—rather, "like a threshing-floor at the time of threshing," or "at the time when it is trodden." The treading, or threshing, here put before the harvest, out of the natural order, because the prominent thought is the treading down or destruction of Babylon. In the East the treading out of the corn took place only at harvest-time. Babylon is like a threshing-floor not trodden for a long time; but the time of harvest, when her citizens shall be trodden under foot, shall come [Calvin]. "Like a threshing-floor full of corn, so is Babylon now full of riches, but the time of harvest shall come, when all her prosperity shall be cut off" [Ludovicus De Dieu]. Grotius distinguishes the "harvest" from the "threshing"; the former is the slaying of her citizens, the latter the pillaging and destruction of the city (compare Joe 3:13; 계14:15, 18).
【렘51:34 JFB】34. me—Zion speaks. Her groans are what bring down retribution in kind on Babylon (렘50:17; 시102:13, 17, 20).
empty vessel—He has drained me out.
dragon—The serpent often "swallows" its prey whole; or a sea monster [Grotius].
filled his belly … cast me out—like a beast, which, having "filled" himself to satiety, "casts out" the rest [Calvin]. After filling all his storehouses with my goods, he has cast me out of this land [Grotius].
【렘51:35 JFB】35. my flesh—which Nebuchadnezzar hath "devoured" (렘51:34). Zion thus calls her kinsmen (롬11:14) slain throughout the country or carried captives to Babylon [Grotius]. Or, as "my blood" follows, it and "my flesh" constitute the whole man: Zion, in its totality, its citizens and all its substance, have been a prey to Babylon's violence (시137:8).
【렘51:36 JFB】36. plead … cause—(렘50:34).
sea—the Euphrates (렘51:13; 렘50:38). Compare 사19:5, "sea," that is, the Nile (사21:1).
【렘51:37 JFB】37. (렘50:26, 39; 계18:2).
【렘51:38 JFB】38, 39. The capture of Babylon was effected on the night of a festival in honor of its idols.
roar … yell—The Babylonians were shouting in drunken revelry (compare 단5:4).
【렘51:39 JFB】39. In their heat I will make their feasts—In the midst of their being heated with wine, I will give them "their" potions,—a very different cup to drink, but one which is their due, the wine cup of My stupefying wrath (렘25:15; 49:12; 사51:17; 애4:21).
rejoice, and sleep … perpetual, &c.—that they may exult, and in the midst of their jubilant exultation sleep the sleep of death (렘51:57; 사21:4, 5).
【렘51:41 JFB】41. Sheshach—Babylon (compare Note, see 렘25:26); called so from the goddess Shach, to whom a five days' festival was kept, during which, as in the Roman Saturnalia, the most unbridled licentiousness was permitted; slaves ruled their masters, and in every house one called Zogan, arrayed in a royal garment, was chosen to rule all the rest. He calls Babylon "Sheshach," to imply that it was during this feast the city was taken [Scaliger].
【렘51:42 JFB】42. The sea—the host of Median invaders. The image (compare 렘47:2; 사8:7, 8) is appropriately taken from the Euphrates, which, overflowing in spring, is like a "sea" near Babylon (렘51:13, 32, 36).
【렘51:43 JFB】43. Her cities—the cities, her dependencies. So, "Jerusalem and the cities thereof" (렘34:1). Or, the "cities" are the inner and outer cities, the two parts into which Babylon was divided by the Euphrates [Grotius].
【렘51:44 JFB】44. Bel … swallowed—in allusion to the many sacrifices to the idol which its priests pretended it swallowed at night; or rather, the precious gifts taken from other nations and offered to it (which it is said to have "swallowed"; compare "devoured," "swallowed," 렘51:34; 렘50:17), which it should have to disgorge (compare 렘51:13; 렘50:37). Of these gifts were the vessels of Jehovah's temple in Jerusalem (대하36:7; 단1:2). The restoration of these, as foretold here, is recorded in 스1:7-11.
flow—as a river; fitly depicting the influx of pilgrims of all "nations" to the idol.
【렘51:45 JFB】45, 46. (See on 렘51:6).
【렘51:46 JFB】46. And lest—Compare, for the same ellipsis, 창3:22; 출13:17; 신8:12. "And in order that your heart may not faint at the (first) rumor" (of war), I will give you some intimation of the time. In the first "year" there shall "come a rumor" that Cyrus is preparing for war against Babylon. "After that, in another year, shall come a rumor," namely, that Cyrus is approaching, and has already entered Assyria. Then is your time to "go out" (렘51:45). Babylon was taken the following or third year of Belshazzar's reign [Grotius].
violence in the land—of Babylon (시7:16).
ruler against ruler—or, "ruler upon ruler," a continual change of rulers in a short space. Belshazzar and Nabonidus, supplanted by Darius or Cyaxares, who is succeeded by Cyrus.
【렘51:47 JFB】47.Grotius translates, "Because then (namely, on the third year) the time shall have come that," &c.
confounded—at seeing their gods powerless to help them.
her slain—in retribution for "Israel's slain" (렘51:49) who fell by her hand. Grotius translates, "her dancers," as in 유21:21, 23; 삼상18:6, the same Hebrew word is translated, alluding to the dancing revelry of the festival during which Cyrus took Babylon.
【렘51:48 JFB】48. heaven … earth … sing for Babylon—(사14:7-13; 44:23; 계18:20).
【렘51:49 JFB】49. caused … to fall—literally, "has been for the falling," that is, as Babylon made this its one aim to fill all places with the slain of Israel, so at Babylon shall all the slain of that whole land (not as English Version, "of all the earth") [Maurer]. Henderson translates, "Babylon also shall fall, ye slain of Israel. Those also of Babylon shall fall, O ye slain of all the earth." But, "in the midst of her," 렘51:47, plainly answers to "at Babylon," 렘51:49, English Version.
【렘51:50 JFB】50. escaped … sword—namely, of the Medes. So great will be the slaughter that even some of God's people shall be involved in it, as they had deserved.
afar off—though ye are banished far off from where ye used formerly to worship God.
let Jerusalem come into your mind—While in exile remember your temple and city, so as to prefer them to all the rest of the world wherever ye may be (사62:6).
【렘51:51 JFB】51. The prophet anticipates the Jews' reply; I know you will say in despair, "We are confounded," &c. "Wherefore (God saith to you) behold, I will," &c. (렘51:52) [Calvin]. I prefer taking 렘51:51 as the prayer which the Jews are directed to offer in exile (렘51:50), "let Jerusalem come into your mind" (and say in prayer to God), "We are confounded." This view is confirmed by 시44:15, 16; 79:4; 102:17-20; 사62:6, 7.
for strangers—The "reproach," which especially has stung us, came when they taunted us with the fact that they had burned the temple, our peculiar glory, as though our religion was a thing of naught.
【렘51:52 JFB】52. Wherefore—because of these sighs of the Jews directed to God (렘51:21).
I … judgment upon … images—in opposition to the Babylonian taunt that Jehovah's religion was a thing of naught, since they had burned His temple (렘51:51): I will show that, though I have thus visited the Jews neglect of Me, yet those gods of Babylon cannot save themselves, much less their votaries, who shall "through all her land" lie and "groan" with wounds.
【렘51:53 JFB】53. We are not to measure God's power by what seems to our perceptions natural or probable. Compare Ob 4 as to Edom (암9:2).
【렘51:55 JFB】55. great voice—Where once was the great din of a mighty city, there shall be the silence of death [Vatablus]. Or, the "great voice" of the revellers (렘51:38, 39; 사22:2). Or, the voice of mighty boasting [Calvin], (compare 렘51:53).
her waves—"when" her calamities shall cause her to give forth a widely different "voice," even such a one as the waves give that lash the shores (렘51:42) [Grotius]. Or, "when" is connected thus: "the great voice" in her, when her "waves," &c. (compare 렘51:13). Calvin translates, "their waves," that is, the Medes bursting on her as impetuous waves; so 렘51:42. But the parallel, "a great voice," belongs to her, therefore the wave-like "roar" of "their voice" ought also belong to her (compare 렘51:54). The "great voice" of commercial din, boasting, and feasting, is "destroyed"; but in its stead there is the wave-like roar of her voice in her "destruction" (렘51:54).
【렘51:56 JFB】56. taken—when they were least expecting it, and in such a way that resistance was impossible.
【렘51:57 JFB】57. (렘51:39; 단5:1, &c.).
【렘51:58 JFB】58. broad walls—eighty-seven feet broad [Rosenmuller]; fifty cubits [Grotius]. A chariot of four horses abreast could meet another on it without collision. The walls were two hundred cubits high, and four hundred and eighty-five stadia, or sixty miles in extent.
gates—one hundred in number, of brass; twenty-five on each of the four sides, the city being square; between the gates were two hundred and fifty towers. Berosus says triple walls encompassed the outer, and the same number the inner city. Cyrus caused the outer walls to be demolished. Taking the extent of the walls to be three hundred and sixty-five stadia, as Diodorus states, it is said two hundred thousand men completed a stadium each day, so that the whole was completed in one year.
labour … in the fire—The event will show that the builders of the walls have "labored" only for the "fire" in which they shall be consumed, "In the fire" answers to the parallel, "burned with fire." Translate, "shall have labored in vain," &c. Compare 욥3:14, "built desolate places for themselves," that is, grand places, soon about to be desolate ruins. Jeremiah has in view here 합2:13.
【렘51:59 JFB】59-64. A special copy of the prophecy prepared by Jeremiah was delivered to Seraiah, to console the Jews in their Babylonian exile. Though he was to throw it into the Euphrates, a symbol of Babylon's fate, no doubt he retained the substance in memory, so as to be able orally to communicate it to his countrymen.
went with Zedekiah—rather, "in behalf of Zedekiah"; sent by Zedekiah to appease Nebuchadnezzar's anger at his revolt [Calvin].
fourth year—so that Jeremiah's prediction of Babylon's downfall was thus solemnly written and sealed by a symbolical action, six whole years before the capture of Jerusalem by the Babylonians.
quiet prince—Compare 대상22:9, "a man of rest." Seraiah was not one of the courtiers hostile to God's prophets, but "quiet" and docile; ready to execute Jeremiah's commission, notwithstanding the risk attending it. Glassius translates, "prince of Menuchah" (compare 대상2:52, Margin). Maurer translates, "commander of the caravan," on whom it devolved to appoint the resting-place for the night. English Version suits the context best.
【렘51:61 JFB】61. read—not in public, for the Chaldeans would not have understood Hebrew; but in private, as is to be inferred from his addressing himself altogether to God (렘51:62) [Calvin].
【렘51:62 JFB】62. O Lord, thou—and not merely Jeremiah or any man is the author of this prophecy; I therefore here in Thy presence embrace as true all that I read.
【렘51:63 JFB】63. bind a stone, &c.—(계18:21). So the Phoceans in leaving their country, when about to found Marseilles, threw lead into the sea, binding themselves not to return till the lead should swim.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.