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■ 예레미야 49장
1. 암몬 자손에 대한 말씀이라 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 이스라엘이 무자하냐 상속자가 없느냐 말감이 갓을 점령하며 그 백성이 그 성읍들에 거함은 어찜이뇨
Concerning the Ammonites , thus saith the Lord ; Hath Israel no sons ? hath he no heir ? why then doth their king inherit Gad , and his people dwell in his cities ?
2. 그러므로 나 여호와가 말하노라 보라 날이 이르리니 내가 전쟁소리로 암몬 자손의 랍바에 들리게 할 것이라 랍바는 거친 무더기가 되겠고 그 촌락들은 불에 탈 것이며 그 때에 이스라엘은 자기를 점령하였던 자를 점령하리라 여호와의 말이니라
Therefore, behold, the days come , saith the Lord , that I will cause an alarm of war to be heard in Rabbah of the Ammonites ; and it shall be a desolate heap , and her daughters shall be burned with fire : then shall Israel be heir unto them that were his heirs , saith the Lord .
3. 헤스본아 애곡할지어다 아이가 황폐하였도다 너희 랍바의 딸들아 부르짖을지어다 굵은 베를 감고 애통하며 울타리 가운데서 앞뒤로 달릴지어다 말감과 그 제사장들과 그 방백들이 다 사로잡혀 가리로다
Howl , O Heshbon , for Ai is spoiled : cry , ye daughters of Rabbah , gird you with sackcloth ; lament , and run to and fro by the hedges ; for their king shall go into captivity , and his priests and his princes together .

4. 타락한 딸아 어찌하여 골짜기 곧 네 흐르는 골짜기로 자랑하느냐 네가 어찌하여 재물을 의뢰하여 말하기를 누가 내게 오리요 하느냐
Wherefore gloriest thou in the valleys , thy flowing valley , O backsliding daughter ? that trusted in her treasures , saying, Who shall come unto me?
5. 주 만군의 여호와가 말하노라 보라 내가 두려움을 네 사방에서 네게 오게 하리니 너희 각 사람이 쫓겨서 바로 나갈 것이요 도망하는 자들을 모을 자가 없으리라
Behold, I will bring a fear upon thee, saith the Lord God of hosts , from all those that be about thee; and ye shall be driven out every man right forth ; and none shall gather up him that wandereth .
6. 그러나 그 후에 내가 암몬 자손의 포로로 돌아오게 하리라 여호와의 말이니라
And afterward I will bring again the captivity of the children of Ammon , saith the Lord .
7. 에돔에 대한 말씀이라 만군의 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 데만에 다시는 지혜가 없게 되었느냐 명철한 자에게 모략이 끊어졌느냐 그들의 지혜가 없어졌느냐
Concerning Edom , thus saith the Lord of hosts ; Is wisdom no more in Teman ? is counsel perished from the prudent ? is their wisdom vanished ?
8. 드단 거민아 돌이켜 도망할지어다 깊은 데 숨을지어다 내가 에서의 재난을 그에게 임하게 하여 그를 벌할 때가 이르게 하리로다
Flee ye, turn back , dwell deep , O inhabitants of Dedan ; for I will bring the calamity of Esau upon him, the time that I will visit him.
9. 포도를 거두는 자들이 네게 이르면 약간의 열매도 남기지 아니하겠고 밤에 도적이 오면 그 욕심이 차기까지 멸하느니라
If grapegatherers come to thee, would they not leave some gleaning grapes ? if thieves by night , they will destroy till they have enough .
10. 대저 내가 에서로 적신이 되게 하여 그 비밀한 곳들이 드러나게 하였나니 그가 그 몸을 숨길 수 없을 것이라 그 자손과 형제와 이웃이 멸망하였은즉 그가 없어졌느니라
But I have made Esau bare , I have uncovered his secret places , and he shall not be able to hide himself: his seed is spoiled , and his brethren , and his neighbours , and he is not.
11. 네 고아들을 남겨 두라 내가 그들을 살려 두리라 네 과부들은 나를 의지할 것이니라
Leave thy fatherless children , I will preserve them alive ; and let thy widows trust in me.
12. 나 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 보라 이 잔을 마시지 않을 자도 마시지 않지 못하겠거늘 네가 형벌을 온전히 면하겠느냐 면하지 못하고 반드시 마시리라
For thus saith the Lord ; Behold, they whose judgment was not to drink of the cup have assuredly drunken ; and art thou he that shall altogether go unpunished ? thou shalt not go unpunished , but thou shalt surely drink of it.
13. 나 여호와가 말하노라 내가 나로 맹세하노니 보스라가 놀램과 수욕거리와 황폐함과 저줏거리가 될 것이요 그 모든 성읍이 영영히 황폐하리라
For I have sworn by myself, saith the Lord , that Bozrah shall become a desolation , a reproach , a waste , and a curse ; and all the cities thereof shall be perpetual wastes .
14. 내가 여호와에게서부터 오는 소식을 들었노라 사자를 열방 중에 보내어 이르시되 너희는 모여와서 그를 치며 일어나서 싸우라 하시도다
I have heard a rumour from the Lord , and an ambassador is sent unto the heathen , saying, Gather ye together , and come against her, and rise up to the battle .
15. 여호와께서 가라사대 내가 너를 열방 중에 작게 하였고 사람들 중에 멸시를 받게 하였느니라
For, lo, I will make thee small among the heathen , and despised among men .
16. 바위 틈에 거하며 산꼭대기를 점령한 자여 스스로 두려운 자인줄로 여김과 네 마음의 교만이 너를 속였도다 네가 독수리 같이 보금자리를 높이 지었을지라도 내가 거기서 너를 끌어 내리리라 여호와의 말이니라
Thy terribleness hath deceived thee, and the pride of thine heart , O thou that dwellest in the clefts of the rock , that holdest the height of the hill : though thou shouldest make thy nest as high as the eagle , I will bring thee down from thence, saith the Lord .
17. 에돔이 놀라운 것이 되리니 그리로 지나는 자마다 놀라며 그 모든 재앙을 인하여 비웃으리로다
Also Edom shall be a desolation : every one that goeth by it shall be astonished , and shall hiss at all the plagues thereof.
18. 나 여호와가 말하노라 소돔과 고모라와 그 이웃 성읍들의 멸망된 것 같이 거기 거하는 사람이 없으며 그 중에 우거할 아무 인자가 없으리라
As in the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah and the neighbour cities thereof, saith the Lord , no man shall abide there, neither shall a son of man dwell in it.
19. 보라 사자가 요단의 수풀에서 올라오는 것 같이 그가 와서 견고한 처소를 칠 것이라 내가 즉시 그들을 거기서 쫓아내고 택한 자를 내가 그 위에 세우리니 나와 같는 자 누구며 나로 더불어 다툴 자 누구며 내 앞에 설 목자가 누구뇨
Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the swelling of Jordan against the habitation of the strong : but I will suddenly make him run away from her: and who is a chosen man, that I may appoint over her? for who is like me? and who will appoint me the time ? and who is that shepherd that will stand before me?
20. 그런즉 에돔에 대한 나 여호와의 도모와 데만 거민에 대하여 경영한 나 여호와의 뜻을 들으라 양떼의 어린 것들을 그들이 반드시 끌어가고 그 처소로 황무케 하리니
Therefore hear the counsel of the Lord , that he hath taken against Edom ; and his purposes , that he hath purposed against the inhabitants of Teman : Surely the least of the flock shall draw them out : surely he shall make their habitations desolate with them.
21. 그 넘어지는 소리에 땅이 진동하며 그 부르짖는 소리는 홍해에 들리리라
The earth is moved at the noise of their fall , at the cry the noise thereof was heard in the Red sea .
22. 보라 원수가 독수리 같이 날아와서 그 날개를 보스라 위에 펴는 그 날에 에돔 용사의 마음이 구로하는 여인 같으리라
Behold, he shall come up and fly as the eagle , and spread his wings over Bozrah : and at that day shall the heart of the mighty men of Edom be as the heart of a woman in her pangs .
23. 다메섹에 대한 말씀이라 하맛과 아르밧이 수치를 당하리니 이는 흉한 소문을 듣고 낙담함이라 바닷가에 슬픔이 있고 평안이 없도다
Concerning Damascus . Hamath is confounded , and Arpad : for they have heard evil tidings : they are fainthearted ; there is sorrow on the sea ; it cannot be quiet .
24. 다메섹이 피곤하여 몸을 돌이켜 달아나려 하니 떨림이 그를 움켰고 해산하는 여인 같이 고통과 슬픔이 그를 잡았도다
Damascus is waxed feeble , and turneth herself to flee , and fear hath seized on her: anguish and sorrows have taken her, as a woman in travail .
25. 찬송의 성읍, 나의 즐거운 성읍이 어찌 버린 것이 되지 않겠느냐
How is the city of praise not left , the city of my joy !
26. 나 만군의 여호와가 말하노라 그런즉 그 날에 그의 청년들은 그 거리에 엎드러지겠고 모든 군사는 멸절될 것이며
Therefore her young men shall fall in her streets , and all the men of war shall be cut off in that day , saith the Lord of hosts .
27. 내가 다메섹의 성벽에 불을 놓으리니 벤하닷의 궁전이 살라지리라
And I will kindle a fire in the wall of Damascus , and it shall consume the palaces of Ben–hadad .
28. 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살에게 공격된 바 게달과 하솔 나라들에 대한 말씀이라 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 너희는 일어나 게달로 올라가서 동방 자손들을 멸하라
Concerning Kedar , and concerning the kingdoms of Hazor , which Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon shall smite , thus saith the Lord ; Arise ye, go up to Kedar , and spoil the men of the east .
29. 너희는 그 장막과 양떼를 취하며 휘장과 모든 기구와 약대를 빼앗아다가 소유를 삼고 그들을 향하여 외치기를 두려움이 사방에 있다 할지니라
Their tents and their flocks shall they take away : they shall take to themselves their curtains , and all their vessels , and their camels ; and they shall cry unto them, Fear is on every side .
30. 나 여호와가 말하노라 하솔 거민아 도망하라 멀리 가서 깊은 데 거하라 이는 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살이 너를 칠 모략과 너를 칠 계책을 정하였음이니라
Flee , get you far off , dwell deep , O ye inhabitants of Hazor , saith the Lord ; for Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon hath taken counsel against you, and hath conceived a purpose against you.
31. 나 여호와가 말하노라 너는 일어나 저 평안하고 염려없이 거하는 백성 곧 성문이나 문빗장이 없이 홀로 거하는 국민을 치라
Arise , get you up unto the wealthy nation , that dwelleth without care , saith the Lord , which have neither gates nor bars , which dwell alone .
32. 그들의 약대들은 노략되겠고 그 많은 가축은 탈취를 당할것이라 내가 그 머리털을 모지게 깎는 자들을 사면에 흩고 그 재난을 각 방에서 오게 하리라 여호와의 말이니라
And their camels shall be a booty , and the multitude of their cattle a spoil : and I will scatter into all winds them that are in the utmost corners ; and I will bring their calamity from all sides thereof, saith the Lord .
33. 하솔은 시랑의 거처가 되어 영원히 황무하리니 거기 거하는 사람이나 그 중에 우거하는 아무 인자가 없게 되리라
And Hazor shall be a dwelling for dragons , and a desolation for ever : there shall no man abide there, nor any son of man dwell in it.
34. 유다 왕 시드기야의 즉위한지 오래지 아니하여서 엘람에 대한 여호와의 말씀이 선지자 예레미야에게 임하니라 가라사대
The word of the Lord that came to Jeremiah the prophet against Elam in the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah , saying ,
35. 나 만군의 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 보라 내가 엘람의 힘의 으뜸되는 활을 꺽을 것이요
Thus saith the Lord of hosts ; Behold, I will break the bow of Elam , the chief of their might .
36. 하늘의 사방에서부터 사방 바람을 엘람에 이르게 하여 그들을 사방으로 흩으리니 엘람에서 쫓겨난 자의 이르지 아니하는 나라가 없으리라
And upon Elam will I bring the four winds from the four quarters of heaven , and will scatter them toward all those winds ; and there shall be no nation whither the outcasts of Elam shall not come .
37. 나 여호와가 말하노라 내가 엘람으로 그 원수의 앞, 그 생명을 찾는 자의 앞에서 놀라게 할 것이며 내가 재앙 곧 나의 진노를 그 위에 내릴 것이며 내가 또 그 뒤로 칼을 보내어 그를 진멸하기까지 할 것이라
For I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies , and before them that seek their life : and I will bring evil upon them, even my fierce anger , saith the Lord ; and I will send the sword after them, till I have consumed them:
38. 내가 나의 위를 엘림에 베풀고 왕과 족장들을 그곳에서 멸하리라 여호와의 말이니라
And I will set my throne in Elam , and will destroy from thence the king and the princes , saith the Lord .
39. 그러나 끝날에 이르러는 내가 엘람의 포로를 돌아오게 하리라 여호와의 말이니라
But it shall come to pass in the latter days , that I will bring again the captivity of Elam , saith the Lord .
■ 주석 보기
【렘49:1 JFB】렘49:1-39. Predictions as to Ammon, Idumea, Damascus, Kedar, Hazor, and Elam.
The event of the prophecy as to Ammon preceded that as to Moab (see on 렘49:3); and in 겔21:26-28, the destruction of Ammon is subjoined to the deposition of Zedekiah.
1. Hath Israel … no heir?—namely, to occupy the land of Gad, after it itself has been carried away captive by Shalmaneser. Ammon, like Moab, descended from Lot, lay north of Moab, from which it was separated by the river Arnon, and east of Reuben and Gad (수13:24, 25) on the same side of Jordan. It seized on Gad when Israel was carried captive. Judah was by the right of kindred the heir, not Ammon; but Ammon joined with Nebuchadnezzar against Judah and Jerusalem (왕하24:2) and exulted over its fall (시83:4-7, 8; 습2:8, 9). It had already, in the days of Jeroboam, in Israel's affliction, tried to "enlarge its border" (왕하14:26; 암1:1, 13).
their king—(암1:15); referring to Melchom, their tutelary idol (습1:5); and so the Septuagint reads it here as a proper name (왕상11:5, 33; 왕하23:13). The Ammonite god is said to do what they do, namely, occupy the Israelite land of Gad. To Jehovah, the theocratic "King" of Israel, the land belonged of right; so that their Molech or Melchom was a usurper-king.
his people—the people of Melchom, "their king." Compare "people of Chemosh," 렘48:46.
【렘49:1 MHCC】 Prophecies relative to the Ammonites. (렘49:1-6) The Edomites. (렘49:7-22) The Syrians. (렘49:23-27) The Kedarenes. (렘49:28-33) The Elamites. (렘49:34-39)
렘49:1-6. Might often prevails against right among men, yet that might shall be controlled by the Almighty, who judges aright; and those will find themselves mistaken, who, like the Ammonites, think every thing their own on which they can lay their hands. The Lord will call men to account for every instance of dishonesty, especially to the destitute.
렘49:7-22 The Edomites were old enemies to the Israel of God. But their day is now at hand; it is foretold, not only to warn them, but for the sake of the Israel of God, whose afflictions were aggravated by them. Thus Divine judgments go round from nation to nation; the earth is full of commotion, and nothing can escape the ministers of Divine vengeance. The righteousness of God is to be observed amidst the violence of men.
렘49:23-27 How easily God can dispirit those nations that have been most celebrated for valour! Damascus waxes feeble. It was a city of joy, having all the delights of the sons of men. But those deceive themselves who place their happiness in carnal joys.
렘49:28-33 Nebuchadnezzar would make desolation among the people of Kedar, who dwelt in the deserts of Arabia. He who conquered many strong cities, will not leave those unconquered that dwell in tents. He will do this to gratify his own covetousness and ambition; but God orders it for correcting an unthankful people, and for warning a careless world to expect trouble when they seem most safe. They shall flee, get far off, and dwell deep in the deserts; they shall be dispersed. But privacy and obscurity are not always protection and security.
렘49:34-39 The Elamites were the Persians; they acted against God's Israel, and must be reckoned with. Evil pursues sinners. God will make them know that he reigns. Yet the destruction of Elam shall not be for ever. But this promise was to have its full accomplishment in the days of the Messiah. In reading the Divine assurance of the destruction of all the enemies of the church, the believer sees that the issue of the holy war is not doubtful. It is blessed to recollect, that He who is for us, is more than all against us. And he will subdue the enemies of our souls.
【렘49:2 JFB】2. Rabbah—"the great," metropolis of Ammon (삼하12:26-30). Its destruction is foretold also in 겔25:5; 암1:14, 15.
her daughters—the towns and villages, dependencies of the metropolis (수15:45).
shall … be heir—shall possess those who possessed him. The full accomplishment of this is still future; partially fulfilled under the Maccabees (1 Maccabe에5:6).
【렘49:3 JFB】3. Heshbon … Ai—Nebuchadnezzar, coming from the north, first attacked Ammon, then its brother and neighbor, Moab. As Ai of Ammon had already suffered destruction, Heshbon of Moab being near it might well fear the same fate.
hedges—Their cities being destroyed, the outcasts have no place of shelter save behind the "hedges" of vineyards and gardens; or else the enclosures of their villages.
their king—Melchom, the idol, as the mention of "his priests" shows (compare 렘48:7).
【렘49:4 JFB】4. thy flowing valley—rather, "thy valley shall flow," namely with the blood of the slain; in sad contrast to their "valleys" in which they had heretofore "gloried," as flowing with milk and honey [Grotius]. Or else, as Margin, "shall flow away."
backsliding—apostate from Jehovah, the God of their father Lot, to Molech.
treasures—her resources for resisting the foe.
Who shall, &c.—Who can come … (렘21:13).
【렘49:5 JFB】5. every man right forth—whithersoever chance may lead him (렘46:5; 창19:17); straight before him, onwards at random (암4:3).
none … gather up him, &c.—There shall be none to gather together the wandering fugitives, so as to care for them and restore them to their own homes.
【렘49:6 JFB】6. (Compare 렘48:47). For the sake of "righteous" Lot their progenitor. Partially fulfilled under Cyrus; in gospel times more fully.
【렘49:7 JFB】7. Concerning Edom—a distinct prophecy, copied in part from Obadiah, but with the freedom of one himself inspired and foretelling a later calamity. Obadiah's was fulfilled probably in Sennacherib's time (compare 사34:5; 암1:11); Jeremiah's about the same time as his preceding prophecies (렘49:12; 겔25:12).
wisdom—for which the Arabs and the people of Teman (a city of Edom) in particular, were famed (창36:15; 왕상4:30; see Job, everywhere; Ob 8).
vanished—literally, "poured out," that is, exhausted (compare 사19:3, Margin) [Maurer]. Or, as the kindred Ethiopic word means, "worn out" [Ludovicus De Dieu].
【렘49:8 JFB】8. turn—namely, your backs in flight.
dwell deep—in deep defiles and caves [Grotius], which abound in Idumea. Others refer it to the Arab custom of retiring into the depth of the desert when avoiding an offended foe (렘49:30).
Dedan—a tribe bordering on and made subject by Idumea; descended from Jokshan, son of Abraham and Keturah (창25:1-3).
Esau—The naming of Edom's progenitor, reprobated by God, recalls the remembrance of the old curse on him for his profanity, both his sin and its punishment being perpetuated in his descendants (히12:16, 17).
【렘49:9 JFB】9. (Ob 5). Grape gatherers, yea even thieves, leave something behind them; but the Chaldeans will sweep Idumea clean of everything.
【렘49:10 JFB】10. Edom became politically extinct after the time of the Romans.
uncovered his secret places—where he hid himself (렘49:8) and his treasures (사45:3). I have caused that nothing should be so hidden as that the conqueror should not find it.
brethren—Ammon.
neighbours—the Philistines.
【렘49:11 JFB】11. Thy fatherless and widows must rest their hope in God alone, as none of the adult males shall be left alive, so desperate will be the affairs of Edom. The verse also, besides this threat, implies a promise of mercy to Esau in God's good time, as there was to Moab and Ammon (렘49:6; 렘48:47); the extinction of the adult males is the prominent idea (compare 렘49:12).
【렘49:12 JFB】12. (Compare 렘25:15, 16, 29).
they whose judgment was not to drink of the cup—the Jews to whom, by virtue of the covenant relation, it did not belong to drink the cup. It might have been expected that they would be spared. He regards not the merits of the Jews, for they were as bad or worse than others: but the grace and adoption of God; it is just and natural ("judgment") that God should pardon His sons sooner than aliens [Calvin].
【렘49:13 JFB】13. Bozrah—(See on 렘48:24).
【렘49:14 JFB】14. (Ob 1-3).
ambassador … unto the heathen—a messenger from God to stir up the Chaldeans against Edom.
【렘49:15 JFB】15. David and Joab had already humbled Edom (삼하8:14).
【렘49:16 JFB】16. terribleness—the terror which thou didst inspire into others.
deceived thee—rendered thee proudly confident, as if none would dare to assail thee.
dwellest in … rock—Petra, the chief of Idumea, was cut in the rocks; its ruins are very remarkable. The whole south of Idumea abounds in cave dwellings and rocks.
though … nest … eagle—(욥39:27; Ob 3, 4). The eagle builds its nest in the highest craggy eyry.
【렘49:17 JFB】17. (Compare 왕상9:8).
【렘49:18 JFB】18. (렘50:40; 신29:23; 암4:11).
no man shall abide there—that is, of the Idumeans. The Romans had a garrison there.
【렘49:19 JFB】19. he—Nebuchadnezzar, or Nebuzara-dan; the name would at once suggest itself to the minds of the hearers (렘48:40; 46:18).
swelling—as a lion which the overflow of the Jordan forced out of his lair on the banks, to ascend the neighboring heights [Calvin]. See as to the translation, "pride of the Jordan," see on 렘12:5.
habitation of … strong—the fastnesses of Idumea (compare 민24:21). Maurer translates, "An ever verdant (literally, 'perennial') pasturage," that is, Idumea heretofore having enjoyed uninterrupted tranquillity; so in 렘49:20 the image is retained, the Idumeans being compared to "a flock," and their king to "a shepherd," in this verse, and the enemy to "a lion" (compare 렘50:17-19). English Version accords more with the Hebrew.
suddenly—"in the twinkling of an eye," as the Hebrew implies.
him … her—I will make Nebuzara-dan enter Idumea, and then, having in the twinkling of an eye effected the conquest, go away speedily: elsewhere. Instead of "but," translate, "for." Grotius translates, "run upon her," or "to her," instead of "run away from her." Maurer understands it, "I will make him (the Idumean) run away from her" (that is, from his own land); the similar change of reference of the pronouns (렘50:44) favors this.
who is a chosen man, &c.—God calls the choicest warriors to Him, to set "over" the work of devastating Idumea. God will surely execute His purpose, for He can call forth from all sides the agents He chooses.
who is like me?—(출15:11).
who will appoint me the time?—namely, for entering into a trial in judgment with Me (see Margin). Image from law courts (욥9:19).
shepherd—leader of the Idumeans; following up the previous image, "a lion"; no Idumean shepherd shall withstand the lion sent by Jehovah (욥41:10), or save the Idumean flock.
【렘49:20 JFB】20. least of the flock—the weakest and humblest of the Chaldean host. Compare 렘6:3, where the hostile leaders and their hosts are called "shepherds and their flocks."
draw … out—"shall drag them away captive" [Grotius]; shall drag them to and fro, as a lion (렘49:19) does feeble sheep [Maurer].
with them—that is, the habitation which they possess.
【렘49:21 JFB】21. was heard in—that is, shall be heard at.
Red Sea—a considerable distance from Idumea; though the district at the Elantic bay of the Red Sea originally belonged to Idumea, and the sea itself was called from Edom, that is, "red" (창25:30, Margin). Others translate, "the weedy sea" (Margin), and derive the name, "Red Sea," from its red weeds; the former view is preferable.
【렘49:22 JFB】22. (Compare 렘48:40, 41).
Bozrah—(See on 렘48:24).
【렘49:23 JFB】23. Prophecy as to Damascus, &c. (사17:1; 10:9). The kingdom of Damascus was destroyed by Assyria, but the city revived, and it is as to the latter Jeremiah now prophesies. The fulfilment was probably about five years after the destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar [Josephus, Antiquities, 10.9,7].
Hamath is confounded—at the tidings of the overthrow of the neighboring Damascus.
on the sea—that is, at the sea; the dwellers there are alarmed. Other manuscripts read, "like the sea." "There is anxiety (restless) as is the sea: they cannot quiet it," that is, it cannot be quieted (사57:20).
it—Whatever dwellers are there "cannot be quiet."
【렘49:25 JFB】25. city of praise—The prophet, in the person of a citizen of Damascus deploring its calamity, calls it "the city of praise," that is, celebrated with praises everywhere for its beauty (렘33:9; 51:41). "How is it possible that such a city has not been left whole—has not been spared by the foe?" Compare left,Lu 17:35, 36. So Israel "left" standing some of the Canaanite cities (수11:13).
of my joy—that is, in which I delighted.
【렘49:26 JFB】26. Therefore—that is, Since Damascus is doomed to fall, therefore, &c.
【렘49:27 JFB】27. palaces of Ben-hadad—that palace from which so many evils and such cruelty to Israel emanated; thus implying the cause of Damascus' overthrow. Not the Ben-hadad of 왕하13:3; 암1:4; it was a common name of the Syrian kings (compare 왕상15:18; meaning "son of Hadad," the idol).
【렘49:28 JFB】28. Kedar—son of Ishmael (창25:13). The Kedarenes led a wandering predatory life in Arabia-Petræa, as the Bedouin Arabs (대하21:16, 17; 시120:5). Kedar means "blackness" (아1:5).
Hazor—not the city in Palestine, but a district in Arabia-Petræa. "Kingdoms" refer to the several combinations of clans, each under its own sheik.
men of the east—Kedar and Hazor were east of Judea (유6:3; 욥1:3).
【렘49:29 JFB】29. tents—in which they dwelt, from which they are called Scenites, that is, tent dwellers.
curtains—namely, with which the tents were covered (렘4:20; 10:20; 시104:2).
they shall cry unto them, Fear, &c.—The foe, on crying, Fear …, shall discomfit them (the Kedarenes) by their mere cry.
【렘49:30 JFB】30. (See on 렘49:8). No conqueror would venture to follow them into the desert.
【렘49:31 JFB】31. wealthy—rather, "tranquil" (대상4:40).
neither gates nor bars—The Arabs, lying out of the track of the contending powers of Asia and Africa, took no measures of defense and had neither walled cities nor gates (겔38:11). They thought their scanty resources and wilderness position would tempt no foe.
alone—separated from other nations, without allies; and from one another scattered asunder. So as to Israel's isolation (민23:9; 신33:28; 미7:14).
【렘49:32 JFB】32. camels—their chief possessions; not fields or vineyards.
in utmost … corners—who seemed least likely to be dispersed. Or else, "having the hair shaven (or clipped) in angles" (렘9:26; 25:23) [Grotius].
calamity from all sides—which will force even those in "corners" to "scatter" themselves.
【렘49:33 JFB】33. (말1:3).
【렘49:34 JFB】34. Elam—part of Susiana, west of Persia proper, but used to designate Persia in general. Elam proper, or Elymais, nearer Judea than Persia, is probably here meant; it had helped Nebuchadnezzar against Judea; hence its punishment. It may have been idolatrous, whereas Persia proper was mainly monotheistic.
【렘49:35 JFB】35. bow—Elam was famed for its bowmen (사22:6).
chief of their might—in opposition to "bow," that is, bowmen, who constituted their main strength.
【렘49:36 JFB】36. four winds, &c.—Nebuchadnezzar's army containing soldiers from the four quarters.
【렘49:37 JFB】37. consumed—as a distinct nation (단8:2-27). Fulfilled under Alexander and his successors.
【렘49:38 JFB】38. I will show Myself King by My judgments there, as though My tribunal were erected there. The throne of Cyrus, God's instrument, set up over Media, of which Elam was a part, may be meant [Grotius]; or rather, that of Nebuchadnezzar (렘43:10). Then the restoration of Elam (렘49:39) will refer partly to that which took place on the reduction of Babylon by Cyrus, prince of Persia and Media.
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