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■ 예레미야 44장
1. 애굽 땅에 거하는 모든 유다인 곧 믹돌과 다바네스와 놉과 바드로스 지방에 거하는 자에 대하여 말씀이 예레미야에게 임하니라 가라사대
The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the Jews which dwell in the land of Egypt , which dwell at Migdol , and at Tahpanhes , and at Noph , and in the country of Pathros , saying ,
2. 만군의 여호와 이스라엘의 하나님이 이같이 말하노라 너희가 예루살렘과 유다 모든 성읍에 내린 나의 모든 재앙을 보았느니라 보라 오늘날 그것들이 황무지가 되었고 거하는 사람이 없나니
Thus saith the Lord of hosts , the God of Israel ; Ye have seen all the evil that I have brought upon Jerusalem , and upon all the cities of Judah ; and, behold, this day they are a desolation , and no man dwelleth therein,
3. 이는 그들이 자기나 너희나 너희 열조의 알지 못하는 다른 신들에게 나아가 분향하여 섬겨서 나의 노를 격동한 악행을 인함이라
Because of their wickedness which they have committed to provoke me to anger , in that they went to burn incense , and to serve other gods , whom they knew not, neither they, ye, nor your fathers .
4. 내가 나의 모든 종 선지자들을 그들에게 보내되 부지런히 보내어 이르기를 너희는 나의 미워하는 이 가증한 일을 행치 말라 하였어도
Howbeit I sent unto you all my servants the prophets , rising early and sending them, saying , Oh, do not this abominable thing that I hate .
5. 그들이 듣지 아니하며 귀를 기울이지 아니하고 다를 신들에게 여전히 분향하여 그 악에서 둘이키지 아니하였으므로
But they hearkened not, nor inclined their ear to turn from their wickedness , to burn no incense unto other gods .
6. 나의 분과 나의 노를 쏟아서 유다 성읍들과 예루살렘 거리를 살랐더니 그것들이 오늘과 같이 황폐하고 적막하였느니라
Wherefore my fury and mine anger was poured forth , and was kindled in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem ; and they are wasted and desolate , as at this day .
7. 나 만군의 하나님 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 너희가 어찌하여 큰 악을 행하여 자기 영혼을 해하며 유다 중에서 너희의 남자와 여자와 아이와 젖먹는 자를 멸절하여 하나도 남기지 않게 하려느냐
Therefore now thus saith the Lord , the God of hosts , the God of Israel ; Wherefore commit ye this great evil against your souls , to cut off from you man and woman , child and suckling , out of Judah , to leave you none to remain ;
8. 어찌하여 너희가 너희 손의 소위로 나의 노를 격동하여 너희의 가서 우거하는 애굽 땅에서 다른 신들에게 분향함으로 끊어버림을 당하여 세계 열방 중에서 저주와 모욕거리가 되고자 하느냐
In that ye provoke me unto wrath with the works of your hands , burning incense unto other gods in the land of Egypt , whither ye be gone to dwell , that ye might cut yourselves off , and that ye might be a curse and a reproach among all the nations of the earth ?
9. 너희가 유다 땅과 예루살렘 거리에서 행한 너희 열조의 악과 유다 왕들의 악과 왕비들의 악과 너희의 악과 너희 아내들의 악을 잊었느냐
Have ye forgotten the wickedness of your fathers , and the wickedness of the kings of Judah , and the wickedness of their wives , and your own wickedness , and the wickedness of your wives , which they have committed in the land of Judah , and in the streets of Jerusalem ?
10. 그들이 오늘까지 겸비치 아니하며 두려워하지도 아니하고 내가 너희와 너희 열조 앞에 세운 나의 법과 나의 율례를 준행치 아니하느니라
They are not humbled even unto this day , neither have they feared , nor walked in my law , nor in my statutes , that I set before you and before your fathers .
11. 그러므로 나 만군의 여호와 이스라엘의 하나님이 이같이 말하노라 보라 내가 얼굴을 너희에게로 향하여 재앙을 내리고 온 유다를 끊어 버릴 것이며
Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts , the God of Israel ; Behold, I will set my face against you for evil , and to cut off all Judah .
12. 내가 또 애굽 땅에 우거하기로 고집하고 그리로 들어간 유다의 남은 자들을 취하리니 그들이 다 멸망하여 애굽 땅에서 엎드러질 것이라 그들이 칼과 기근에 망하되 작은 자로부터 큰 자까지 칼과 기근에 죽어서 가증함과 놀램과 저주와 모욕거리가 되리라
And I will take the remnant of Judah , that have set their faces to go into the land of Egypt to sojourn there, and they shall all be consumed , and fall in the land of Egypt ; they shall even be consumed by the sword and by the famine : they shall die , from the least even unto the greatest , by the sword and by the famine : and they shall be an execration , and an astonishment , and a curse , and a reproach .
13. 내가 예루살렘을 벌한 것 같이 애굽 땅에 거하는 자들을 칼과 기근과 염병으로 벌하리니
For I will punish them that dwell in the land of Egypt , as I have punished Jerusalem , by the sword , by the famine , and by the pestilence :
14. 애굽 땅에 들어가서 거기 우거하는 유다의 남은 자 중에 피하거나 남아서 그 사모하여 돌아와서 거하려는 유다 땅에 돌아올 자가 없을 것이라 도피하는 자들 외에는 돌아올 자가 없으리라 하셨느니라
So that none of the remnant of Judah , which are gone into the land of Egypt to sojourn there, shall escape or remain , that they should return into the land of Judah , to the which they have a desire to return to dwell there: for none shall return but such as shall escape .
15. 때에 자기 아내들이 다른 신들에게 분향하는 줄을 아는 모든 남자와 곁에 섰던 모든 여인 곧 애굽 땅 바드로스에 거하는 모든 백성의 큰 무리가 예레미야에게 대답하여 가로되
Then all the men which knew that their wives had burned incense unto other gods , and all the women that stood by , a great multitude , even all the people that dwelt in the land of Egypt , in Pathros , answered Jeremiah , saying ,
16. 네가 여호와의 이름으로 우리에게 하는 말을 우리가 듣지 아니하고
As for the word that thou hast spoken unto us in the name of the Lord , we will not hearken unto thee.
17. 우리 입에서 낸 모든 말을 정녕히 실행하여 우리의 본래 하던 것 곧 우리와 우리 선조와 우리 왕들과 우리 방백들이 유다 성읍들과 예루살렘 거리에서 하던 대로 하늘 여신에게 분향하고 그 앞에 전제를 드리리라 대저 그 때에는 우리가 식물이 풍부하며 복을 받고 재앙을 만나지 아니하였더니
But we will certainly do whatsoever thing goeth forth out of our own mouth , to burn incense unto the queen of heaven , and to pour out drink offerings unto her, as we have done , we, and our fathers , our kings , and our princes , in the cities of Judah , and in the streets of Jerusalem : for then had we plenty of victuals , and were well , and saw no evil .
18. 우리가 하늘 여신에게 분향하고 그 앞에 전제 드리던 것을 폐한 후부터는 모든 것이 핍절하고 칼과 기근에 멸망을 당하였느니라 하며
But since we left off to burn incense to the queen of heaven , and to pour out drink offerings unto her, we have wanted all things, and have been consumed by the sword and by the famine .
19. 여인들은 가로되 우리가 하늘 여신에게 분향하고 그 앞에 전제를 드릴 때에 어찌 우리 남편의 허락이 없이 그에게 경배하는 과자를 만들어 놓고 전제를 드렸느냐
And when we burned incense to the queen of heaven , and poured out drink offerings unto her, did we make her cakes to worship her, and pour out drink offerings unto her, without our men ?
20. 예레미야가 남녀 모든 무리 곧 이 말로 대답하는 모든 백성에게 일러 가로되
Then Jeremiah said unto all the people , to the men , and to the women , and to all the people which had given him that answer , saying ,
21. 너희가 너희 선조와 너희 왕들과 방백들과 유다 땅 백성이 유다 성읍들과 예루살렘 거리들에서 분향한 일을 여호와께서 기억지 아니하셨느냐 생각지 아니하셨느냐
The incense that ye burned in the cities of Judah , and in the streets of Jerusalem , ye, and your fathers , your kings , and your princes , and the people of the land , did not the Lord remember them, and came it not into his mind ?
22. 여호와께서 너희 악행과 가증한 소위를 더 참으실 수 없으셨으므로 너희 땅이 오늘과 같이 황무하며 놀램과 저줏거리가 되어 거민이 없게 되었나니
So that the Lord could no longer bear , because of the evil of your doings , and because of the abominations which ye have committed ; therefore is your land a desolation , and an astonishment , and a curse , without an inhabitant , as at this day .
23. 너희가 분향하여 여호와께 범죄하였으며 여호와의 목소리를 청종치 아니하고 여호와의 법과 율례와 증거대로 행치 아니하였으므로 이 재앙이 오늘과 같이 너희에게 미쳤느니라
Because ye have burned incense , and because ye have sinned against the Lord , and have not obeyed the voice of the Lord , nor walked in his law , nor in his statutes , nor in his testimonies ; therefore this evil is happened unto you, as at this day .
24. 예레미야가 다시 모든 백성과 모든 여인에게 말하되 애굽 땅에서 사는 모든 유다여 여호와의 말씀을 들으라
Moreover Jeremiah said unto all the people , and to all the women , Hear the word of the Lord , all Judah that are in the land of Egypt :
25. 만군의 여호와 이스라엘의 하나님이 이같이 말씀하시되 너희와 너희 아내들이 입으로 말하고 손으로 이루려 하여 이르기를 우리가 서원한 대로 반드시 이행하여 하늘 여신에게 분향하고 전제를 드리리라 하였은즉 너희 서원을 성립하며 너희 서원을 이행하라 하시느니라
Thus saith the Lord of hosts , the God of Israel , saying ; Ye and your wives have both spoken with your mouths , and fulfilled with your hand , saying , We will surely perform our vows that we have vowed , to burn incense to the queen of heaven , and to pour out drink offerings unto her: ye will surely accomplish your vows , and surely perform your vows .
26. 그러므로 애굽 땅에서 사는 모든 유다여 여호와의 말씀을 들으라 여호와께서 말씀하시되 내가 나의 큰 이름으로 맹세하였은즉 애굽 온 땅에 거하는 유다 사람들의 입에서 다시는 내 이름을 일컬어서 주 여호와의 사심으로 맹세하노라 하는 자가 없게 되리라
Therefore hear ye the word of the Lord , all Judah that dwell in the land of Egypt ; Behold, I have sworn by my great name , saith the Lord , that my name shall no more be named in the mouth of any man of Judah in all the land of Egypt , saying , The Lord God liveth .
27. 보라 내가 경성하여 그들에게 재앙을 내리고 복을 내리지 아니하리니 애굽 땅에 있는 유다 모든 사람이 칼과 기근에 망하여 멸절되리라
Behold, I will watch over them for evil , and not for good : and all the men of Judah that are in the land of Egypt shall be consumed by the sword and by the famine , until there be an end of them.
28. 그런즉 칼을 피한 소수의 사람이 애굽 땅에서 나와 유다 땅으로 돌아오리니 애굽 땅에 들어가서 거기 우거하는 유다의 모든 남은 자가 내 말이 성립되었는지, 자기들의 말이 성립되었는지 알리라
Yet a small number that escape the sword shall return out of the land of Egypt into the land of Judah , and all the remnant of Judah , that are gone into the land of Egypt to sojourn there, shall know whose words shall stand , mine, or theirs.
29. 나 여호와가 말하노라 내가 이곳에서 너희를 벌할 표징이 이것이라 내가 너희에게 내앙을 내리리라 한 말이 단정코 성립될 것을 그것으로 알게 하리라
And this shall be a sign unto you, saith the Lord , that I will punish you in this place , that ye may know that my words shall surely stand against you for evil :
30. 보라 내가 유다 왕 시드기야를 그 원수 곧 그 생명을 찾는 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살의 손에 붙인 것 같이 애굽 왕 바로 호브라를 그 원수들 곧 그 생명을 찾는 자들의 손에 붙이리라 나 여호와가 이같이 말하였느니라 하시니라
Thus saith the Lord ; Behold, I will give Pharaoh–hophra king of Egypt into the hand of his enemies , and into the hand of them that seek his life ; as I gave Zedekiah king of Judah into the hand of Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon , his enemy , and that sought his life .
■ 주석 보기
【렘44:1 JFB】렘44:1-30. Jeremiah Reproves the Jews for Their Idolatry in Egypt, and Denounces God's Judgments on Them and Egypt Alike.
1. Migdol—meaning a "tower." A city east of Egypt, towards the Red Sea (출14:2; 민33:7).
Noph—Memphis, now Cairo (렘2:16).
Pathros—Upper Egypt (사11:11).
【렘44:1 CWC】Chapter 40 opens with an account of Nebuchadnezzar's kindness to Jeremiah, inspired by what he had known of the latter's advice to his countrymen (vv. 1-4). Jeremiah had been the friend of Babylon, but not necessarily the enemy of his own nation. His patriotism was unquestioned, but the highest expression of his patriotism was his counsel to Judah to obey the will of God and submit to Babylon.
Jeremiah's choice of action is in verses five and six. The new governor is loyal and things promise well (vv. 7-12). But the Ammonites see an opportunity to get even with their old enemy and obtain control of their land through the treachery of an apostate Jew (vv. 13-16).
Chapter 41 narrates how the plot is carried out (vv. 1-10), and the resultant fear on the part of the people (vv. 11-18). This fear leads them to plan an exodus from Judah into Egypt.
Chapter 42 shows them consulting with the prophet before carrying out this plan, albeit they are determined to do it.
Chapter 43 is a prophecy of Egypt's conquest by Babylon (vv. 8-13) delivered after Jeremiah's arrival there (vv. 4-7). Today the place indicated in verse nine is marked by a ruined column.
Jeremiah's Last Message.
The contents of chapter 44 may be regarded as the continuation of the preceding, though how long after the entrance into Egypt the prophecy was uttered is impossible to say. Some have surmised twenty-five years. Certainly the Jews had spread themselves considerably (v. 1). The prophecy opens with a retrospect (vv. 2-6); but present conditions are no improvement over the past (vv. 7-10); only doom can await them (vv. 11-14). Opposition is aroused as of old (vv. 15-19), showing the former infatuation (v. 17). They had forgotten that God gave them these good things even when they were rebelling against him (Hosea Chap. 11). So men still trace misfortune to everything but the true cause, which is sin. Notice the prominence of women here, on whose regeneration that of society still depends. The prophecy concludes with the prediction of an awful judgment, the truth of which will be established by an appeal to history (vv. 20-30).
Baruch Counselled.
Chapter 45 is a word to Baruch, the prophet's amanuensis and friend, spoken doubtless at an earlier period than its position indicates, and some would say just after the events of chapter 36. Weighed down by responsibility and dismayed at the aspect of things, he is seeking better things for himself -- an easier lot dare we say? At all events he is warned of his moral danger at the same time that he is promised physical deliverance at least, in the dire hour coming on the land (v. 5). He accompanied Jeremiah into Egypt, and to his labors doubtless, we trace the copies of these prophecies which have circulated in that country, and given rise to a Greek version of them (the Septuagint so-called).
【렘44:1 MHCC】 The Jews in Egypt persist in idolatry. (렘44:1-14) They refuse to reform. (렘44:15-19) Jeremiah then denounces destruction upon them. (렘44:20-30)
렘44:1-14 God reminds the Jews of the sins that brought desolations upon Judah. It becomes us to warn men of the danger of sin with all seriousness: Oh, do not do it! If you love God, do not, for it is provoking to him; if you love your own souls, do not, for it is destructive to them. Let conscience do this for us in the hour of temptation. The Jews whom God sent into the land of the Chaldeans, were there, by the power of God's grace, weaned from idolatry; but those who went by their own perverse will into the land of the Egyptians, were there more attached than ever to their idolatries. When we thrust ourselves without cause or call into places of temptation, it is just with God to leave us to ourselves. If we walk contrary to God, he will walk contrary to us. The most awful miseries to which men are exposed, are occasioned by the neglect of offered salvation.
렘44:15-19 These daring sinners do not attempt excuses, but declare they will do that which is forbidden. Those who disobey God, commonly grow worse and worse, and the heart is more hardened by the deceitfulness of sin. Here is the real language of the rebellious heart. Even the afflictions which should have parted them from their sins, were taken so as to confirm them in their sins. It is sad when those who should quicken each other to what is good, and so help one another to heaven, harden each other in sin, and so ripen one another for hell. To mingle idolatry with Divine worship, and to reject the mediation of Christ, are provoking to God, and ruinous to men. All who worship images, or honour saints, and angels, and the queen of heaven, should recollect what came from the idolatrous practices of the Jews.
렘44:20-30 Whatever evil comes upon us, it is because we have sinned against the Lord; we should therefore stand in awe, and sin not. Since they were determined to persist in their idolatry, God would go on to punish them. What little remains of religion were among them, would be lost. The creature-comforts and confidences from which we promise ourselves most, may fail as soon as those from which we promise ourselves least; and all are what God makes them, not what we fancy them to be. Well-grounded hopes of our having a part in the Divine mercy, are always united with repentance and obedience.
【렘44:2 JFB】2. evil … upon Jerusalem—If I spared not My own sacred city, much less shall ye be safe in Egypt, which I loathe.
【렘44:3 JFB】3. they went—implying perverse assiduity: they went out of their way to burn incense (one species of idolatry put for all kinds), &c.
【렘44:4 JFB】4. (대하36:15).
【렘44:7 JFB】7. now—after so many warnings.
commit … this … evil against your souls—(렘7:19; 민16:38; 잠8:36). It is not God whom you injure, but yourselves.
【렘44:8 JFB】8. in … Egypt—where they polluted themselves to ingratiate themselves with the Egyptians.
ye be gone—not compelled by fear, but of your own accord, when I forbade you, and when it was free to you to stay in Judea.
that ye might cut yourselves off—They, as it were, purposely courted their own ruin.
【렘44:9 JFB】9. Have you forgotten how the wickednesses of your fathers were the source of the greatest calamities to you?
their wives—The Jews' worldly queens were great promoters of idolatry (왕상11:1-8; 15:13; 16:31).
the land of Judah—They defiled the land which was holy unto God.
【렘44:10 JFB】10. They … you—The third person puts them to a distance from God on account of their alienating themselves from Him. The second person implies that God formerly had directly addressed them.
humbled—literally, "contrite" (시51:17).
neither … feared—(잠28:14).
【렘44:11 JFB】11. Behold, I will set my face against you for evil—(See on 레17:10).
and to cut off all Judah—that is, all the idolaters; 렘44:28 shows that some returned to Judea (compare 렘42:17).
【렘44:14 JFB】14. none … shall escape … that they should return, &c.—The Jews had gone to Egypt with the idea that a return to Judea, which they thought hopeless to their brethren in Babylon, would be an easy matter to themselves in Egypt: the exact reverse should happen in the case of each respectively. The Jews whom God sent to Babylon were there weaned from idolatry, and were restored; those who went to Egypt by their perverse will were hardened in idolatry, and perished there.
have a desire—literally, "lift up (their) soul," that is, their hopes (compare 렘22:27, Margin;신24:15, Margin).
none shall return but such as shall escape—namely, the "small number" (렘44:28) who were brought by force into Egypt, as Jeremiah and Baruch, and those who, in accordance with Jeremiah's advice, should flee from Egypt before the arrival of the Chaldeans (see on 렘42:17). Calvin less probably refers the words to the return of the exiles in Babylon, which the Jews in Egypt regarded as hopeless.
【렘44:15 JFB】15. their wives—The idolatry began with them (왕상11:4; 딤전2:14). Their husbands' connivance implicated them in the guilt.
【렘44:16 JFB】16. we will not—(렘6:16).
【렘44:17 JFB】17. whatsoever … goeth … out of our … mouth—whatever vow we have uttered to our gods (렘44:25; 신23:23; 유11:36). The source of all superstitions is that men oppose their own will and fancies to God's commands.
queen of heaven—(See on 렘7:18); Ashtaroth or Astarte.
we … fathers … king, &c.—The evil was restricted to no one class: all from the highest to the lowest shared the guilt.
then had we plenty—Fools attribute their seeming prosperity to God's connivance at their sin: but see 잠1:32; 전8:11-13. In fact, God had often chastised them for their idolatry (see 유2:14); but it is the curse of impiety not to perceive the hand of God in calamities.
victuals—Men cast away the bread of the soul for the bread that perisheth (신8:3; 요6:27). So Esau (히12:16).
【렘44:18 JFB】18. They impute their calamities to their service of God, but these are often marks of His favor, not of wrath, to do His people good at their latter end (신8:16).
【렘44:19 JFB】19. make … cakes to worship her—Maurer translates, "to form her image." Crescent-shaped cakes were offered to the moon. Vulgate supports English Version.
without our men—The women mentioned (렘44:15); "a great multitude" here speak: we have not engaged in secret night orgies which might justly be regarded unfavorably by our husbands: our sacred rites have been open, and with their privity. They wish to show how unreasonable it is that Jeremiah should oppose himself alone to the act of all, not merely women, but men also. The guilty, like these women, desire to shield themselves under the complicity of others. Instead of helping one another towards heaven, husband and wife often ripen one another for hell.
【렘44:21 JFB】21. The incense … did not the Lord remember—Jeremiah owns that they did as they said, but in retort asks, did not God repay their own evil-doing? Their very land in its present desolation attests this (렘44:22), as was foretold (렘25:11, 18, 38).
【렘44:23 JFB】23. law—the moral precepts.
statutes—the ceremonial.
testimonies—the judicial (단9:11, 12).
【렘44:25 JFB】25. Ye … have both spoken with … mouths, and fulfilled with … hand—ironical praise. They had pleaded their obligation to fulfil their vows, in excuse for their idolatry. He answers, no one can accuse you of unsteadiness as to your idolatrous vows; but steadfastness towards God ought to have prevented you from making, or, when made, from keeping such vows.
ye will surely accomplish … vows—Jeremiah hereby gives them up to their own fatal obstinacy.
【렘44:26 JFB】26. I have sworn—I, too have made a vow which I will fulfil. Since ye will not hear Me speaking and warning, hear Me swearing.
by my great name—that is, by Myself (창22:16), the greatest by whom God can swear (히6:13, 14).
my name shall no more be named—The Jews, heretofore, amidst all their idolatry, had retained the form of appeal to the name of God and the law, the distinctive glory of their nation; God will allow this no more (겔20:39): there shall be none left there to profane His name thus any more.
【렘44:27 JFB】27. watch over … for evil—(렘1:10; 겔7:6). The God, whose providence is ever solicitously watching over His people for good, shall solicitously, as it were, watch for their hurt. Contrast 렘31:28; 32:41.
【렘44:28 JFB】28. small number—(see on 렘44:14; and 렘42:17; 사27:13); compare "all-consumed" (렘44:27). A band easily counted, whereas they were expecting to return triumphantly in large numbers.
shall know—most of them experimentally, and to their cost.
whose words … mine, or theirs—Hebrew, "that from Me and them." Jehovah's words are His threats of destruction to the Jews; theirs, the assertion that they expected all goods from their gods (렘44:17), &c. "Mine"; by which I predict ruin to them. "Theirs"; by which they give themselves free scope in iniquity.
shall stand—(시33:11).
【렘44:29 JFB】29. this … sign unto you—The calamity of Pharaoh-hophra (see on 렘44:30) shall be a sign to you that as he shall fall before his enemy, so you shall subsequently fall before Nebuchadnezzar (마24:8) [Grotius]. Calvin makes the "sign" to be simultaneous with the event signified, not antecedent to it, as in 출3:12. The Jews believed Egypt impregnable, so shut in was it by natural barriers. The Jews being "punished in this place" will be a sign that their view is false, and God's threat true. He calls it "a sign unto you," because God's prediction is equivalent to the event, so that they may even now take it as a sign. When fulfilled it would cease to be a sign to them: for they would be dead.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.