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■ 예레미야 4장
1. 여호와께서 가라사대 이스라엘아 네가 돌아오려거든 내게로 돌아오라 네가 만일 나의 목전에서 가증한 것을 버리고 마음이 요동치 아니하며
If thou wilt return , O Israel , saith the Lord , return unto me: and if thou wilt put away thine abominations out of my sight , then shalt thou not remove .
2. 진실과 공평과 정의로 여호와의 삶을 가리켜 맹세하면 열방이 나로 인하여 스스로 복을 빌며 나로 인하여 자랑하리라
And thou shalt swear , The Lord liveth , in truth , in judgment , and in righteousness ; and the nations shall bless themselves in him, and in him shall they glory .
3. 나 여호와가 유다와 예루살렘 사람에게 이같이 이르노라 너희 묵은 땅을 갈고 가시덤불 속에 파종하지 말라
For thus saith the Lord to the men of Judah and Jerusalem , Break up your fallow ground , and sow not among thorns .
4. 유다인과 예루살렘 거민들아 너희는 스스로 할례를 행하여 너희 마음 가죽을 베고 나 여호와께 속하라 그렇지 아니하면 너희 행악을 인하여 나의 분노가 불 같이 발하여 사르리니 그것을 끌 자가 없으리라
Circumcise yourselves to the Lord , and take away the foreskins of your heart , ye men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem : lest my fury come forth like fire , and burn that none can quench it, because of the evil of your doings .
5. 너희는 유다에 선포하며 예루살렘에 공포하여 이르기를 이 땅에서 나팔을 불라 하며 또 크게 외쳐 이르기를 너희는 모이라 우리가 견고한 성으로 들어가자 하고
Declare ye in Judah , and publish in Jerusalem ; and say , Blow ye the trumpet in the land : cry , gather together , and say , Assemble yourselves, and let us go into the defenced cities .
6. 시온을 향하여 기호를 세우라, 도피하라, 지체하지 말라, 내가 북방에서 재앙과 큰 멸망으로 이르게 할 것임이니라
Set up the standard toward Zion : retire , stay not: for I will bring evil from the north , and a great destruction .
7. 사자가 그 수풀에서 올라왔으며 열방을 멸하는 자가 나아왔으되 네 땅을 황폐케 하려고 이미 그 처소를 떠나 나왔은즉 네 성읍들이 황폐하여 거민이 없게 되리니
The lion is come up from his thicket , and the destroyer of the Gentiles is on his way ; he is gone forth from his place to make thy land desolate ; and thy cities shall be laid waste , without an inhabitant .
8. 이를 인하여 너희는 굵은 베를 두르고 애곡하라 대저 여호와의 맹렬한 노가 아직 너희에게서 돌이키지 아니하였음이니라
For this gird you with sackcloth , lament and howl : for the fierce anger of the Lord is not turned back from us.
9. 나 여호와가 말하노라 그 날에 왕과 방백들은 실심할 것이며 제사장들은 놀랄 것이며 선지자들은 깜짝 놀라리라
And it shall come to pass at that day , saith the Lord , that the heart of the king shall perish , and the heart of the princes ; and the priests shall be astonished , and the prophets shall wonder .
10. 내가 가로되 슬프도소이다 주 여호와여 주께서 진실로 이 백성과 예루살렘을 크게 속이셨나이다 이르시기를 너희에게 평강이 있으리라 하시더니 칼이 생명에 미쳤나이다
Then said I, Ah , Lord God ! surely thou hast greatly deceived this people and Jerusalem , saying , Ye shall have peace ; whereas the sword reacheth unto the soul .
11. 그 때에 이 백성과 예루살렘에 이를 자 있어서 뜨거운 바람이 광야 자산에서 내 딸 백성에게 불어온다 하리라 이는 키질하기 위함도 아니요 정결케 하려함도 아니며
At that time shall it be said to this people and to Jerusalem , A dry wind of the high places in the wilderness toward the daughter of my people , not to fan , nor to cleanse ,
12. 이보다 더 강한 바람이 나를 위하여 오리니 이제 내가 그들에게 심판을 베풀 것이라
Even a full wind from those places shall come unto me: now also will I give sentence against them.
13. 보라 그가 구름 같이 올라오나니 그 병거는 회리바람 같고 그 말들은 독수리보다 빠르도다 우리에게 화 있도다 우리는 멸망하도다 하리라
Behold, he shall come up as clouds , and his chariots shall be as a whirlwind : his horses are swifter than eagles . Woe unto us! for we are spoiled .
14. 예루살렘아 네 마음의 악을 씻어 버리라 그리하면 구원을 얻으리라 네 악한 생각이 네 속에 얼마나 오래 머물겠느냐
O Jerusalem , wash thine heart from wickedness , that thou mayest be saved . How long shall thy vain thoughts lodge within thee?
15. 단에서 소리를 선포하며 에브라임 산에서 재앙을 공포하는도다
For a voice declareth from Dan , and publisheth affliction from mount Ephraim .
16. 너희는 열방에 고하며 또 예루살렘에 알게 하기를 에워싸고 치는 자들이 먼 땅에서부터 와서 유다 성읍들을 향하여 소리를 지른다 하라
Make ye mention to the nations ; behold, publish against Jerusalem , that watchers come from a far country , and give out their voice against the cities of Judah .
17. 그들이 밭을 지키는 자 같이 예루살렘을 에워싸나니 이는 그가 나를 거역한 연고니라 여호와의 말이니라
As keepers of a field , are they against her round about ; because she hath been rebellious against me, saith the Lord .
18. 네 길과 행사가 이 일들을 부르게 하였나니 이는 너의 악함이라 그 고통이 네 마음에까지 미치느니라
Thy way and thy doings have procured these things unto thee; this is thy wickedness , because it is bitter , because it reacheth unto thine heart .
19. 슬프고 아프다 내 마음 속이 아프고 내 마음이 답답하여 잠잠할 수 없으니 이는 나의 심령 네가 나팔소리와 전쟁의 경보를 들음이로다
My bowels , my bowels ! I am pained at my very heart ; my heart maketh a noise in me; I cannot hold my peace , because thou hast heard , O my soul , the sound of the trumpet , the alarm of war .
20. 패망에 패망이 연속하여 온 땅이 탈취를 당하니 나의 천막은 홀연히 파멸되며 나의 휘장은 잠시간에 열파되도다
Destruction upon destruction is cried ; for the whole land is spoiled : suddenly are my tents spoiled , and my curtains in a moment .
21. 내가 저 기호를 보며 나팔소리 듣기를 어느 때까지 할꼬
How long shall I see the standard , and hear the sound of the trumpet ?
22. 내 백성은 나를 알지 못하는 우준한 자요 지각이 없는 미련한 자식이라 악을 행하기에는 지각이 있으나 선을 행하기에는 무지하도다
For my people is foolish , they have not known me; they are sottish children , and they have none understanding : they are wise to do evil , but to do good they have no knowledge .
23. 내가 땅을 본즉 혼돈하고 공허하며 하늘들을 우러른즉 거기 빛이 없으며
I beheld the earth , and, lo, it was without form , and void ; and the heavens , and they had no light .
24. 내가 산들을 본즉 다 진동하며 작은 산들도 요동하며
I beheld the mountains , and, lo, they trembled , and all the hills moved lightly .
25. 내가 본즉 사람이 없으며 공중의 새가 다 날아갔으며
I beheld , and, lo, there was no man , and all the birds of the heavens were fled .
26. 내가 본즉 좋은 땅이 황무지가 되었으며 그 모든 성읍이 여호와의 앞 그 맹렬한 진노 앞에 무너졌으니
I beheld , and, lo, the fruitful place was a wilderness , and all the cities thereof were broken down at the presence of the Lord , and by his fierce anger .
27. 이는 여호와의 말씀에 이 온 땅이 황폐할 것이나 내가 진멸하지는 아니할 것이며
For thus hath the Lord said , The whole land shall be desolate ; yet will I not make a full end .
28. 이로 인하여 땅이 슬퍼할 것이며 위의 하늘이 흑암할 것이라 내가 이미 말하였으며 작정하였고 후회하지 아니하였은즉 또한 돌이키지 아니하리라 하셨음이로다
For this shall the earth mourn , and the heavens above be black : because I have spoken it, I have purposed it, and will not repent , neither will I turn back from it.
29. 기병과 활 쏘는 자의 훤화로 인하여 모든 성읍이 도망하여 수풀에 들어가고 바위에 기어오르며 각 성읍이 버림을 당하여 거기 거하는 사람이 없나니
The whole city shall flee for the noise of the horsemen and bowmen ; they shall go into thickets , and climb up upon the rocks : every city shall be forsaken , and not a man dwell therein .
30. 멸망을 당한 자여 네가 어떻게 하려느냐 네가 붉은 옷을 입고 금장식으로 단장하고 눈을 그려 꾸밀지라도 너의 화장한 것이 헛된 일이라 연인들이 너를 멸시하여 네 생명을 찾느니라
And when thou art spoiled , what wilt thou do ? Though thou clothest thyself with crimson , though thou deckest thee with ornaments of gold , though thou rentest thy face with painting , in vain shalt thou make thyself fair ; thy lovers will despise thee, they will seek thy life .
31. 내가 소리를 들은즉 여인의 해산하는 소리 같고 초산하는 자의 고통하는 소리 같으니 이는 딸 시온의 소리라 그가 헐떡이며 그 손을 펴고 이르기를 내게 화 있도다 살륙하는 자를 인하여 나의 심령이 피곤하도다 하는도다
For I have heard a voice as of a woman in travail , and the anguish as of her that bringeth forth her first child , the voice of the daughter of Zion , that bewaileth herself, that spreadeth her hands , saying, Woe is me now! for my soul is wearied because of murderers .
■ 주석 보기
【렘4:1 JFB】렘4:1-31. Continuation of Address to the Ten Tribes of Israel. (렘4:1, 2). The Prophet Turns Again to Judah, to Whom He Had Originally Been Sent (렘4:3-31).
1. return … return—play on words. "If thou wouldest return to thy land (thou must first), return (by conversion and repentance) to Me."
not remove—no longer be an unsettled wanderer in a strange land. So Cain (창4:12, 14).
【렘4:1 CWC】[PERSECUTED IN HIS HOME TOWN]
The length of this lesson may alarm, but preparation for it only requires the reading of the chapters two or three times. One who has gone through Isaiah will soon catch the drift of the Spirit's teaching and be able to break up the chapters into separate discourses and the discourses into their various themes. The main object of the lesson is to dwell on the prophet's personal experience in his home town which is reached in the closing chapters.
It is thought that the discourses in this section were delivered prior to the finding of the law-book in 2 Kings, which explains their more moderate tone as compared with the later ones, but this is a feature not relevant to this work.
Note in chapter 2 the divine expostulation (vv. 1-13); the reminder of the divine goodness (vv. 14-22); the vain excuses made by the nation (vv. 23-28); and the lamentation of the Lord over its condition (v. 29-3:5).
In chapter 3, beginning afresh at verse 6, we have God's complaint against Judah for learning nothing from "her treacherous sister," i. e., from Israel's experience (vv. 6-11); this is followed by a plea to that same Israel (now scattered through the north country by Assyria), to return if she would, and mercy would be shown her. In this connection the promise for the future is set before her (vv. 12-17); Judah and Israel will be re-united then, and so on to chapter 4:1-2.
Chapter 4 and the following, indicate that a mere outward reformation is not sufficient to bring divine blessing. Judgment is coming from the north! "A lion out of his thicket!" "A stormwind!" The prophet laments.
In chapter 7 there is a call to repentance and a spiritual religion. In chapters 8 and 9 coming judgment is again announced.
The Treachery of Friends.
Coming to chapter 11:18, we see the beginnings of the persecution that farther on became so bitter against the prophet as to make him a striking type of the suffering Saviour. It takes its rise among his neighbors and kinfolk in Anathoth. At first he is unsuspicious, but God reveals the plot to him. They would kill him, destroying the tree to be rid of the fruit. He appeals to God, whose answer is in the closing verses of the chapter. Anathoth was to suffer, but not immediately.
In chapter 12 the prophet expresses his surprise at this in the spirit of Job, and that of Psalms 37 and 73. The divine comfort he receives is to be told that worse things will follow. His friend Josiah is now on the throne, but wait till he is gone and Jehoiakim and Zedekiah reign! Tie is now like a man running a race with men, but then it will be like running a race with horses! He is dwelling in a land of comparative peace now, but then he will be in "the swellings of Jordan."
To understand this keep the politics of the period in mind. Judah is turning to Egypt for help against Babylon, the Gentile nation now in great power. But the divine purpose is that she shall submit herself to the yoke of Babylon. The prophet is proclaiming this against a strong party in the nation that will not have it so. They consider him a pessimist, a traitor to his country who must be silenced. And silenced he would have been if it were not for God.
【렘4:1 MHCC】 Exhortations and promises. (렘4:1-2) Judah exhorted to repentance. (렘4:3-4) Judgements denounced. (렘4:5-18) The approaching ruin of Judah. (렘4:19-31)
렘4:1,2 The first two verses should be read with the last chapter. Sin must be put away out of the heart, else it is not put away out of God's sight, for the heart is open before him.
렘4:3,4 An unhumbled heart is like ground untilled. It is ground which may be improved; it is our ground let out to us; but it is fallow; it is over-grown with thorns and weeds, the natural product of the corrupt heart. Let us entreat the Lord to create in us a clean heart, and to renew a right spirit within us; for except a man be born again, he cannot enter into the kingdom of heaven.
렘4:5-18 The fierce conqueror of the neighbouring nations was to make Judah desolate. The prophet was afflicted to see the people lulled into security by false prophets. The approach of the enemy is described. Some attention was paid in Jerusalem to outward reformation; but it was necessary that their hearts should be washed, in the exercise of true repentance and faith, from the love and pollution of sin. When lesser calamities do not rouse sinners and reform nations, sentence will be given against them. The Lord's voice declares that misery is approaching, especially against wicked professors of the gospel; when it overtakes them, it will be plainly seen that the fruit of wickedness is bitter, and the end is fatal.
렘4:19-31 The prophet had no pleasure in delivering messages of wrath. He is shown in a vision the whole land in confusion. Compared with what it was, every thing is out of order; but the ruin of the Jewish nation would not be final. Every end of our comforts is not a full end. Though the Lord may correct his people very severely, yet he will not cast them off. Ornaments and false colouring would be of no avail. No outward privileges or profession, no contrivances would prevent destruction. How wretched the state of those who are like foolish children in the concerns of their souls! Whatever we are ignorant of, may the Lord make of good understanding in the ways of godliness. As sin will find out the sinner, so sorrow will, sooner or later, find out the secure.
【렘4:2 JFB】2. And thou—rather, "And if (carried on from 렘4:1) thou shalt swear, 'Jehovah liveth,' in truth, &c.", that is, if thou shalt worship Him (for we swear by the God whom we worship; compare 신6:13; 10:20; 사19:18; 암8:14) in sincerity, &c.
and the nations—Rather, this is apodosis to the "if"; then shall the nations bless themselves in (by) Him" (사65:16). The conversion of the nations will be the consequence of Israel's conversion (시102:13, 15; 롬11:12, 15).
【렘4:3 JFB】3. Transition to Judah. Supply mentally. All which (the foregoing declaration as to Israel) applies to Judah.
and Jerusalem—that is, and especially the men of Jerusalem, as being the most prominent in Judea.
Break … fallow ground—that is, Repent of your idolatry, and so be prepared to serve the Lord in truth (호10:12; 마13:7). The unhumbled heart is like ground which may be improved, being let out to us for that purpose, but which is as yet fallow, overgrown with weeds, its natural product.
【렘4:4 JFB】4. Remove your natural corruption of heart (신10:16; 30:6; 롬2:29; 골2:11).
【렘4:5 JFB】5. cry, gather together—rather, "cry fully" that is, loudly. The Jews are warned to take measures against the impending Chaldean invasion (compare 렘8:14).
【렘4:6 JFB】6. Zion—The standard toward Zion intimated that the people of the surrounding country were to fly to it, as being the strongest of their fortresses.
【렘4:7 JFB】7. lion—Nebuchadnezzar and the Chaldeans (렘2:15; 5:6; 단7:14).
his thicket—lair; Babylon.
destroyer of the Gentiles—rather, "the nations" (렘25:9).
【렘4:8 JFB】8. Nothing is left to the Jews but to bewail their desperate condition.
anger … not turned back—(사9:12, 17, 21).
【렘4:9 JFB】9. heart—The wisdom of the most leading men will be utterly at a loss to devise means of relief.
【렘4:10 JFB】10. thou hast … deceived—God, having even the false prophets in His hands, is here said to do that which for inscrutable purposes He permits them to do (출9:12; 살후2:11; compare 렘8:15; which passage shows that the dupes of error were self-prepared for it, and that God's predestination did not destroy their moral freedom as voluntary agents). The false prophets foretold "peace," and the Jews believed them; God overruled this to His purposes (렘5:12; 14:13; 겔14:9).
soul—rather, "reacheth to the life."
【렘4:11 JFB】11. dry wind—the simoom, terrific and destructive, blowing from the southeast across the sandy deserts east of Palestine. Image of the invading Babylonian army (호13:15). Babylon in its turn shall be visited by a similar "destroying wind" (렘51:1).
of … high places—that is, that sweeps over the high places.
daughter—that is, the children of my people.
not to fan—a very different wind from those ordinary winds employed for fanning the grain in the open air.
【렘4:12 JFB】12. full … from those places—rather, "a wind fuller (that is, more impetuous) than those winds" (which fan the corn) (렘4:11) [Rosenmuller].
unto me—"for Me," as My instrument for executing My purpose.
sentence—judgments against them (렘1:16).
【렘4:13 JFB】13. clouds—continuing the metaphor in 렘4:11:12. Clouds of sand and dust accompany the simoom, and after rapid gyrations ascend like a pillar.
eagles—(신28:49; 합1:8).
Woe unto us—The people are graphically presented before us, without it being formally so stated, bursting out in these exclamations.
【렘4:14 JFB】14. Only one means of deliverance is left to the Jews—a thorough repentance.
vain thoughts—namely, projects for deliverance, such as enlisting the Egyptians on their side. Gesenius translates, "How long wilt thou harbor vain thoughts?"
【렘4:15 JFB】15. For … from Dan—The connection is: There is danger in delay; for the voice of a messenger announces the approach of the Chaldean enemy from Dan, the northern frontier of Palestine (렘8:16; compare 렘4:6; 렘1:14).
Mount Ephraim—which borders closely on Judah; so that the foe is coming nearer and nearer. Dan and Beth-el in Ephraim were the two places where Jeroboam set up the idolatrous calves (왕상12:29); just retribution.
【렘4:16 JFB】16. The neighboring foreign "nations" are summoned to witness Jehovah's judgments on His rebel people (렘6:18, 19).
watchers—that is, besiegers (compare 삼하11:16); observed or watched, that is, besieged.
their voice—the war shout.
【렘4:17 JFB】17. keepers of a field—metaphor from those who watch a field, to frighten away the wild beasts.
【렘4:18 JFB】18. (렘2:17, 19; 시107:17).
this is thy wickedness—that is, the fruit of thy wickedness.
【렘4:19 JFB】19. The prophet suddenly assumes the language of the Jewish state personified, lamenting its affliction (렘10:19, 20; 9:1, 10; 사15:5; compare Lu 19:41).
at my very heart—Hebrew, "at the walls of my heart"; the muscles round the heart. There is a climax, the "bowels," the pericardium, the "heart" itself.
maketh … noise—moaneth [Henderson].
alarm—the battle shout.
【렘4:20 JFB】20. Destruction … cried—Breach upon breach is announced (시42:7; 겔7:26). The war "trumpet" … the battle shout … the "destructions" … the havoc throughout "the whole land" … the spoiling of the shepherds' "tents" (렘10:20; or, "tents" means cities, which should be overthrown as easily as tents [Calvin]), form a gradation.
【렘4:21 JFB】21. Judah in perplexity asks, How long is this state of things to continue?
【렘4:22 JFB】22. Jehovah's reply; they cannot be otherwise than miserable, since they persevere in sin. The repetition of clauses gives greater force to the sentiment.
wise … evil … to do good … no knowledge—reversing the rule (롬16:19) "wise unto … good, simple concerning evil."
【렘4:23 JFB】23. Graphic picture of the utter desolation about to visit Palestine. "I beheld, and lo!" four times solemnly repeated, heightens the awful effect of the scene (compare 사24:19; 34:11).
without form and void—reduced to the primeval chaos (창1:2).
【렘4:24 JFB】24. mountains—(사5:25).
moved lightly—shook vehemently.
【렘4:25 JFB】25. no man … birds—No vestige of the human, or of the feathered creation, is to be seen (겔38:20; 습1:3).
【렘4:26 JFB】26. fruitful place—Hebrew, Carmel.
a wilderness—Hebrew, "the wilderness," in contrast to "the fruitful place"; the great desert, where Carmel was, there is now the desert of Arabia [Maurer].
cities—in contrast to the fruitful place or field.
【렘4:27 JFB】27. full end—utter destruction: I will leave some hope of restoration (렘5:10, 18; 30:11; 46:28; compare 레26:44).
【렘4:28 JFB】28. For this—on account of the desolations just described (사5:30; 호4:3).
not repent—(민23:19).
【렘4:29 JFB】29. whole city—Jerusalem: to it the inhabitants of the country had fled for refuge; but when it, too, is likely to fall, they flee out of it to hide in the "thickets." Henderson translates, "every city."
noise—The mere noise of the hostile horsemen shall put you to flight.
【렘4:30 JFB】30. when thou art spoiled—rather, "thou, O destroyed one" [Maurer].
rentest … face with painting—Oriental women paint their eyes with stibium, or antimony, to make them look full and sparkling, the black margin causing the white of the eyes to appear the brighter by contrast (왕하9:30). He uses the term "distendest" in derision of their effort to make their eyes look large [Maurer]; or else, "rentest," that is, dost lacerate by puncturing the eyelid in order to make the antimony adhere [Rosenmuller]. So the Jews use every artifice to secure the aid of Egypt against Babylon.
face—rather, thy eyes (겔23:40).
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.