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■ 예레미야 38장
1. 맛단의 아들 스바댜와 바스훌의 아들 그다랴와 셀레먀의 아들 유갈과 밀기야의 아들 바스훌이 예레미야의 모든 백성에게 이르는 말을 들은즉 이르기를
Then Shephatiah the son of Mattan , and Gedaliah the son of Pashur , and Jucal the son of Shelemiah , and Pashur the son of Malchiah , heard the words that Jeremiah had spoken unto all the people , saying ,
2. 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 이 성에 머무는 자는 칼과 기근과 염병에 죽으리라 그러나 갈대아인에게 항복하는 자는 살리니 그의 생명이 노략물을 얻음 같이 살리라
Thus saith the Lord , He that remaineth in this city shall die by the sword , by the famine , and by the pestilence : but he that goeth forth to the Chaldeans shall live ; for he shall have his life for a prey , and shall live .
3. 나 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 이 성이 반드시 바벨론 왕의 군대의 손에 붙이우리니 그가 취하리라 하셨다 하는지라
Thus saith the Lord , This city shall surely be given into the hand of the king of Babylon’s army , which shall take it.
4. 이에 그 방백들이 왕께 고하되 이 사람이 백성의 평안을 구치 아니하고 해를 구하오니 청컨대 이 사람을 죽이소서 그가 이같이 말하여 이 성에 남은 군사의 손과 모든 백성의 손을 약하게 하나이다
Therefore the princes said unto the king , We beseech thee, let this man be put to death : for thus he weakeneth the hands of the men of war that remain in this city , and the hands of all the people , in speaking such words unto them: for this man seeketh not the welfare of this people , but the hurt .
5. 시드기야 왕이 가로되 보라 그가 너희 손에 있느니라 왕은 조금도 너희를 거스릴 수 없느니라
Then Zedekiah the king said , Behold, he is in your hand : for the king is not he that can do any thing against you.
6. 그들이 예레미야를 취하여 시위대 뜰에 있는 왕의 아들 말기야의 구덩이에 던져 넣을 때에 예레미야를 줄로 달아내리웠는데 그 구덩이에는 물이 없고 진흙뿐이므로 예레미야가 진흙 중에 빠졌더라
Then took they Jeremiah , and cast him into the dungeon of Malchiah the son of Hammelech , that was in the court of the prison : and they let down Jeremiah with cords . And in the dungeon there was no water , but mire : so Jeremiah sunk in the mire .
7. 왕궁 환관 구스인 에벳멜렉이 그들의 예레미야를 구덩이에 던져넣었음을 들으니라 때에 왕이 베냐민 문에 앉았더니
Now when Ebed–melech the Ethiopian , one of the eunuchs which was in the king’s house , heard that they had put Jeremiah in the dungeon ; the king then sitting in the gate of Benjamin ;
8. 에벳멜렉이 왕궁에서 나와 왕께 고하여 가로되
Ebed–melech went forth out of the king’s house , and spake to the king , saying ,
9. 내 주 왕이여 저 사람들이 선지자 예레미야에게 행한 모든 일은 악하니이다 성 중에 떡이 떨어졌거늘 그들이 그를 구덩이에 던져 넣었으니 그가 거기서 주려 죽으리이다
My lord the king , these men have done evil in all that they have done to Jeremiah the prophet , whom they have cast into the dungeon ; and he is like to die for hunger in the place where he is: for there is no more bread in the city .
10. 왕이 구스인 에벳멜렉에게 명하여 가로되 너는 여기서 삼십 명을 데리고 가서 선지자 예레미야의 죽기 전에 그를 구덩이에서 끌어내라
Then the king commanded Ebed–melech the Ethiopian , saying , Take from hence thirty men with thee , and take up Jeremiah the prophet out of the dungeon , before he die .
11. 에벳멜렉이 사람들을 데리고 왕궁 곳간 밑 방에 들어가서 거기서 헝겊과 낡은 옷을 취하고 그것을 구덩이에 있는 예레미야에게 줄로 내리우며
So Ebed–melech took the men with him , and went into the house of the king under the treasury , and took thence old cast clouts and old rotten rags , and let them down by cords into the dungeon to Jeremiah .
12. 구스인 에벳멜렉이 예레미야에게 이르되 너는 이 헝겊과 낡은 옷을 네 겨드랑이에 대고 줄을 그 아래 대라 예레미야가 그대로 하매
And Ebed–melech the Ethiopian said unto Jeremiah , Put now these old cast clouts and rotten rags under thine armholes under the cords . And Jeremiah did so.
13. 그들이 줄로 예레미야를 구덩이에서 끌어낸지라 예레미야가 시위대 뜰에 머무니라
So they drew up Jeremiah with cords , and took him up out of the dungeon : and Jeremiah remained in the court of the prison .
14. 시드기야 왕이 보내어 선지자 예레미야를 여호와의 집 제삼문으로 데려오게 하고 왕이 예레미야에게 이르되 내가 네게 한 일을 물으리니 일호도 내게 숨기지 말라
Then Zedekiah the king sent , and took Jeremiah the prophet unto him into the third entry that is in the house of the Lord : and the king said unto Jeremiah , I will ask thee a thing ; hide nothing from me.
15. 예레미야가 시드기야에게 이르되 내가 이 일을 왕에게 아시게 하여도 왕이 단정코 나를 죽이지 아니하시리이까 가령 내가 왕을 권한다 할지라도 왕이 듣지 아니하시리이다
Then Jeremiah said unto Zedekiah , If I declare it unto thee, wilt thou not surely put me to death ? and if I give thee counsel , wilt thou not hearken unto me?
16. 시드기야 왕이 비밀히 예레미야에게 맹세하여 가로되 우리에게 이 영혼을 지으신 여호와께서 사시거니와 내가 너를 죽이지도 아니하겠고 네 생명을 찾는 그 사람들의 손에 붙이지도 아니하리라
So Zedekiah the king sware secretly unto Jeremiah , saying , As the Lord liveth , that made us this soul , I will not put thee to death , neither will I give thee into the hand of these men that seek thy life .
17. 예레미야가 시드기야에게 이르되 만군의 하나님이신 이스라엘 하나님 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 네가 만일 바벨론 왕의 방백들에게 항복하면 네 생명이 살겠고 이 성이 불사름을 입지 아니하겠고 너와 네 가족이 살려니와
Then said Jeremiah unto Zedekiah , Thus saith the Lord , the God of hosts , the God of Israel ; If thou wilt assuredly go forth unto the king of Babylon’s princes , then thy soul shall live , and this city shall not be burned with fire ; and thou shalt live , and thine house :
18. 네가 만일 나가서 바벨론 왕의 방백들에게 항복하지 아니하면 이 성이 갈대아인의 손에 붙이우리니 그들이 이 성을 불사를 것이며 너는 그들의 손을 벗어나지 못하리라 하셨나이다
But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon’s princes , then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans , and they shall burn it with fire , and thou shalt not escape out of their hand .
19. 시드기야 왕이 예레미야에게 이르되 나는 갈대아인에게 항복한 유다인을 두려워하노라 염려컨대 갈대아인이 나를 그들의 손에 붙이면 그들이 나를 조롱할까 하노라
And Zedekiah the king said unto Jeremiah , I am afraid of the Jews that are fallen to the Chaldeans , lest they deliver me into their hand , and they mock me.
20. 예레미야가 가로되 그 무리가 왕을 그들에게 붙이지 아니하리이다 원하옵나니 내가 왕에게 고한 바 여호와의 목소리를 청종하소서 그리하면 왕이 복을 받아 생명을 보존하시리이다
But Jeremiah said , They shall not deliver thee. Obey , I beseech thee, the voice of the Lord , which I speak unto thee: so it shall be well unto thee, and thy soul shall live .
21. 그러나 만일 항복하기를 거절하시면 여호와께서 내게 보이신 말씀대로 되리이다
But if thou refuse to go forth , this is the word that the Lord hath shewed me:
22. 곧 유다 왕궁에 남아 있는 모든 여자가 바벨론 왕의 방백들에게로 끌려갈 것이요 그들은 네게 말하기를 네 친구들이 너를 꾀어 이기고 네 발이 진흙에 빠짐을 보고 물러갔도다 하리라
And, behold, all the women that are left in the king of Judah’s house shall be brought forth to the king of Babylon’s princes , and those women shall say , Thy friends have set thee on , and have prevailed against thee: thy feet are sunk in the mire , and they are turned away back .
23. 네 아내들과 자녀는 갈대아인에게로 끌어냄을 입겠고 너는 그들의 손에서 벗어나지 못하고 바벨론 왕의 손에 잡히리라 또 네가 이 성으로 불사름을 입게 하리라 하셨나이다
So they shall bring out all thy wives and thy children to the Chaldeans : and thou shalt not escape out of their hand , but shalt be taken by the hand of the king of Babylon : and thou shalt cause this city to be burned with fire .
24. 시드기야가 예레미야에게 이르되 너는 이 말을 사람으로 알게 하지 말라 그리하면 네가 죽지 아니하리라
Then said Zedekiah unto Jeremiah , Let no man know of these words , and thou shalt not die .
25. 만일 방백들이 내가 너와 말하였다 함을 듣고 와서 네게 말하기를 네가 왕에게 말씀한 것을 우리에게 고하라 우리에게 숨기지 말라 그리하면 우리가 너를 죽이지 아니하리라 또 왕이 네게 말씀한 것을 고하라 하거든
But if the princes hear that I have talked with thee, and they come unto thee, and say unto thee, Declare unto us now what thou hast said unto the king , hide it not from us, and we will not put thee to death ; also what the king said unto thee:
26. 그들에게 대답하되 내가 왕의 앞에 간구하기를 나를 요나단의 집으로 도로 보내지 말아서 거기서 죽지 않게 하옵소서 하였다 하라 하니라
Then thou shalt say unto them, I presented my supplication before the king , that he would not cause me to return to Jonathan’s house , to die there.
27. 모든 방백이 예레미야에게 와서 물으매 그가 왕의 명한 모든 말대로 대답하였으므로 일이 탄로치 아니하였고 그들은 더불어 말하기를 그쳤더라
Then came all the princes unto Jeremiah , and asked him: and he told them according to all these words that the king had commanded . So they left off speaking with him; for the matter was not perceived .
28. 예레미야가 예루살렘이 함락되는 날까지 시위대 뜰에 머물렀더라
So Jeremiah abode in the court of the prison until the day that Jerusalem was taken : and he was there when Jerusalem was taken .
■ 주석 보기
【렘38:1 JFB】렘38:1-28. Jeremiah Predicts the Capture of Jerusalem, for Which He Is Cast into a Dungeon, but Is Transferred to the Prison Court on the Intercession of Ebed-melech, and Has aSecret Interview with Zedekiah.
All this was subsequent to his imprisonment in Jonathan's house, and his release on his interview with Zedekiah. The latter occurred before the return of the Chaldeans to the siege; the similar events in this chapter occurred after it.
1. Jucal—Jehucal (렘37:3).
Pashur—(렘21:1; compare 렘21:9 with 렘38:2). The deputation in 렘21:1, to whom Jeremiah gave this reply, if not identical with the hearers of Jeremiah (렘38:1), must have been sent just before the latter "heard" him speaking the same words. Zephaniah is not mentioned here as in 렘21:1, but is so in 렘37:3. Jucal is mentioned here and in the previous deputation (렘37:3), but not in 렘21:1. Shephatiah and Gedaliah here do not occur either in 렘21:1 or 렘37:3. The identity of his words in both cases is natural, when uttered, at a very short interval, and one of the hearers (Pashur) being present on both occasions.
unto all the people—They had free access to him in the court of the prison (렘32:12).
【렘38:1 CWC】[CLOSING EVENTS OF THE SIEGE]
We are again in Zedekiah's reign (v. 1), and the same disobedience as before marks the period (v. 2). We are astonished at the effrontery accompanying it, (v. 3). Note the occasion when this prayer is solicited (vv. 4, 5). Egypt has come up to help, and the Babylonians in consequence, have raised the siege in order to meet the approaching army. Is it not an indication that God has changed His mind about Judah after all? The answer is found in verses six to ten.
Verses 11-15 tell their own sad story. Notice the vacillation of the king (vv. 16, 17). Why does this man thus play hot and cold, and fast and loose with heaven? If God is the Lord, why not serve Him, and if not, why be interested to inquire of Him? Has this type of man yet vanished from the earth? How does he now lighten the prophet's suffering (vv. 18-21) ? How does the last verse indicate the straitness of the siege?
In chapter 38, what illustration have we of the political weakness and the moral meanness of Zedekiah (w. 1-6)? Whom does God now raise up to befriend His servant (vv. 7-13)? What further counsel of the king follows (vv. 14-23)? Is any change of the divine policy evident in this?
Although the king urges on the prophet a subterfuge (vv. 24, 35), there is no reason to feel that the prophet employed it. He probably did not tell the princes all that transpired, nor was there obligation on him to do so, but that he deliberately lied, even to save his life, is beyond belief (vv. 26-28).
In chapter 39 the end is reached. Compare verses 5, 6 with 32:4 and 겔12:13.
Note that a remnant is left in Jerusalem though the bulk of the people are deported (v. 10). Note the deference paid the prophet by the besieging army (vv. 11-14), and the manner in which God promised kindness to Ebed-Melech (vv. 15-18).
THE REMNANT AND THE PROPHET'S LAST MESSAGE
【렘38:1 MHCC】 Jeremiah is cast into a dungeon, from whence he is delivered by an Ethiopian. (렘38:1-13) He advises the king to surrender to the Chaldeans. (렘38:14-28)
렘38:1-13 Jeremiah went on in his plain preaching. The princes went on in their malice. It is common for wicked people to look upon God's faithful ministers as enemies, because they show what enemies the wicked are to themselves while impenitent. Jeremiah was put into a dungeon. Many of God's faithful witnesses have been privately made away in prisons. Ebed-melech was an Ethiopian; yet he spoke to the king faithfully, These men have done ill in all they have done to Jeremiah. See how God can raise up friends for his people in distress. Orders were given for the prophet's release, and Ebed-melech saw him drawn up. Let this encourage us to appear boldly for God. Special notice is taken of his tenderness for Jeremiah. What do we behold in the different characters then, but the same we behold in the different characters now, that the Lord's children are conformed to his example, and the children of Satan to their master?
렘38:14-28 Jeremiah was not forward to repeat the warnings, which seemed only to endanger his own life, and to add to the king's guilt, but asked whether he feared to do the will of God. The less men fear God, the more they fear men; often they dare not act according to their own judgments and consciences.
【렘38:2 JFB】2. life … a prey—He shall escape with his life; though losing all else in a shipwreck, he shall carry off his life as his gain, saved by his going over to the Chaldeans. (See on 렘21:9).
【렘38:4 JFB】4. Had Jeremiah not had a divine commission, he might justly have been accused of treason; but having one, which made the result of the siege certain, he acted humanely as interpreter of God's will under the theocracy, in advising surrender (compare 렘26:11).
【렘38:5 JFB】5. the king is not he—Zedekiah was a weak prince, and now in his straits afraid to oppose his princes. He hides his dislike of their overweening power, which prevented him shielding Jeremiah as he would have wished, under complimentary speeches. "It is not right that the king should deny aught to such faithful and wise statesmen"; the king is not such a one as to deny you your wishes [Jerome].
【렘38:6 JFB】6. dungeon—literally, the "cistern." It was not a subterranean prison as that in Jonathan's house (렘37:15), but a pit or cistern, which had been full of water, but was emptied of it during the siege, so that only "mire" remained. Such empty cisterns were often used as prisons (Z전9:11); the depth forbade hope of escape.
Hammelech—(렘36:26). His son followed in the father's steps, a ready tool for evil.
sunk in the mire—Jeremiah herein was a type of Messiah (시69:2, 14). "I sink in deep mire," &c.
【렘38:7 JFB】7. Ebed-melech—The Hebrew designation given this Ethiopian, meaning "king's servant." Already, even at this early time, God wished to show what good reason there was for calling the Gentiles to salvation. An Ethiopian stranger saves the prophet whom his own countrymen, the Jews, tried to destroy. So the Gentiles believed in Christ whom the Jews crucified, and Ethiopians were among the earliest converts (행2:10, 41; 8:27-39). Ebed-melech probably was keeper of the royal harem, and so had private access to the king. The eunuchs over harems in the present day are mostly from Nubia or Abyssinia.
【렘38:8 JFB】8. went forth … and spake—not privately, but in public; a proof of fearless magnanimity.
【렘38:9 JFB】9. die for hunger in the place where he is; for … no … bread in … city—(Compare 렘37:21). He had heretofore got a piece of bread supplied to him. "Seeing that there is the utmost want of bread in the city, so that even if he were at large, there could no more be regularly supplied to him, much less now in a place where none remember or pity him, so that he is likely to die for hunger." "No more bread," that is, no more left of the public store in the city (렘37:21); or, all but no bread left anywhere [Maurer].
【렘38:10 JFB】10. with thee—Hebrew, "in thine hand," that is, at "thy disposal" (삼상16:2). "From hence," that is, from the gate of Benjamin where the king was sitting (렘38:7).
thirty men—not merely to draw up Jeremiah, but to guard Ebed-melech against any opposition on the part of the princes (렘38:1-4), in executing the king's command. Ebed-melech was rewarded for his faith, love, and courage, exhibited at a time when he might well fear the wrath of the princes, to which even the king had to yield (렘39:16-18).
【렘38:11 JFB】11. cast clouts—"torn clothes" [Henderson].
rotten rags—"worn-out garments." God can make the meanest things His instruments of goodness to His people (고전1:27-29).
under … armholes—"under the joints of thine hands," that is, where the fingers join the hand, the clothes being in order that the hands should not be cut by the cords [Maurer].
【렘38:13 JFB】13. court of … prison—Ebed-melech prudently put him there to be out of the way of his enemies.
【렘38:14 JFB】14. third entry—The Hebrews in determining the position of places faced the east, which they termed "that which is in front"; the south was thus called "that which is on the right hand"; the north, "that which is on the left hand"; the west, "that which is behind." So beginning with the east they might term it the first or principal entry; the south the second entry; the north the "third entry" of the outer or inner court [Maurer]. The third gate of the temple facing the palace; for through it the entrance lay from the palace into the temple (왕상10:5, 12). It was westward (대상26:16, 18; 대하9:11) [Grotius]. But in the future temple it is eastward (겔46:1, 2, 8).
【렘38:15 JFB】15. wilt thou not hearken unto me—Zedekiah does not answer this last query; the former one he replies to in 렘38:16. Rather translate, "Thou wilt not hearken to me." Jeremiah judges so from the past conduct of the king. Compare 렘38:17 with 렘38:19.
【렘38:16 JFB】16. Lord … made us this soul—(사57:16). Implying, "may my life (soul) be forfeited if I deceive thee" [Calvin].
【렘38:17 JFB】17. princes—(렘39:3). He does not say "to the king himself," for he was at Riblah, in Hamath (렘39:5; 왕하25:6). "If thou go forth" (namely, to surrender; 왕하24:12; 사36:16), God foreknows future conditional contingencies, and ordains not only the end, but also the means to the end.
【렘38:19 JFB】19. afraid of the Jews—more than of God (잠29:25; 요9:22; 12:43).
mock me—treat me injuriously (삼상31:4).
【렘38:22 JFB】22. women—The very evil which Zedekiah wished to escape by disobeying the command to go forth shall befall him in its worst form thereby. Not merely the Jewish deserters shall "mock" him (렘38:19), but the very "women" of his own palace and harem, to gratify their new lords, will taunt him. A noble king in sooth, to suffer thyself to be so imposed on!
Thy friends—Hebrew, "men of thy peace" (see 렘20:10; 시41:9, Margin). The king's ministers and the false prophets who misled him.
sunk in … mire—proverbial for, Thou art involved by "thy friends'" counsels in inextricable difficulties. The phrase perhaps alludes to 렘38:6; a just retribution for the treatment of Jeremiah, who literally "sank in the mire."
they are turned … back—Having involved thee in the calamity, they themselves shall provide for their own safety by deserting to the Chaldeans (렘38:19).
【렘38:23 JFB】23. children—(렘39:6; 41:10). "wives … children … thou"; an ascending climax.
【렘38:24 JFB】24. Let no man know—If thou wilt not tell this to the people, I will engage thy safety.
【렘38:25 JFB】25. Kings are often such only in title; they are really under the power of their subjects.
【렘38:26 JFB】26. presented—literally, "made my supplication to fall"; implying supplication with humble prostration (see on 렘36:7).
Jonathan's house—(렘37:15), different from Malchiah's dungeon (렘38:6). This statement was true, though not the whole truth; the princes had no right to the information; no sanction is given by Scripture here to Jeremiah's representation of this being the cause of his having come to the king. Fear drove him to it. Compare 창20:2, 12; on the other hand, 삼상16:2, 5.
left off speaking with—Hebrew, "were silent from him," that is, withdrawing from him they left him quiet (삼상7:8, Margin).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.