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■ 예레미야 25장
1. 유다 왕 요시야의 아들 여호야김 사년 곧 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살 원년에 유다 모든 백성에 관한 말씀이 예레미야에게 임하니라
The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah , that was the first year of Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon ;
2. 선지자 예레미야가 유다 모든 백성과 예루살렘 모든 거민에게 고하여 가로되
The which Jeremiah the prophet spake unto all the people of Judah , and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem , saying ,
3. 유다 왕 아몬의 아들 요시야의 십삼년부터 오늘까지 이십삼 년 동안에 여호와의 말씀이 내게 임하기로 내가 너희에게 이르되 부지런히 일렀으나 너희가 듣지 아니하였으며
From the thirteenth year of Josiah the son of Amon king of Judah , even unto this day , that is the three and twentieth year , the word of the Lord hath come unto me, and I have spoken unto you, rising early and speaking ; but ye have not hearkened .
4. 여호와께서 그 모든 종 선지자를 너희에게 보내시되 부지런히 보내셨으나 너희가 듣지 아니하였으며 귀를 기울여 들으려고도 아니하였도다
And the Lord hath sent unto you all his servants the prophets , rising early and sending them; but ye have not hearkened , nor inclined your ear to hear .
5. 이르시기를 너희는 각기 악한 길과 너희 악행에서 돌이키라 그리하면 나 여호와가 너희와 너희 열조에게 옛적에 주어 영원히 있게 한 그 땅에 거하리니
They said , Turn ye again now every one from his evil way , and from the evil of your doings , and dwell in the land that the Lord hath given unto you and to your fathers for ever and ever :
6. 너희는 다른 신을 좇아 섬기거나 숭배하지 말며 너희 손으로 만든 것을 인하여 나의 노를 격동치 말라 그리하면 내가 너희를 해치 아니하리라 하였으나
And go not after other gods to serve them, and to worship them, and provoke me not to anger with the works of your hands ; and I will do you no hurt .
7. 너희가 내 말을 듣지 아니하고 너희 손으로 만든 것으로 나의 노를 격동하여 스스로 해하였느니라 여호와의 말이니라
Yet ye have not hearkened unto me, saith the Lord ; that ye might provoke me to anger with the works of your hands to your own hurt .
8. 그러므로 나 만군의 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 너희가 내 말을 듣지 아니하였은즉
Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts ; Because ye have not heard my words ,
9. 보라 내가 보내어 북방 모든 족속과 내 종 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살을 불러다가 이 땅과 그 거민과 사방 모든 나라를 쳐서 진멸하여 그들로 놀램과 치소거리가 되게 하며 땅으로 영영한 황무지가 되게 할 것이라
Behold, I will send and take all the families of the north , saith the Lord , and Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon , my servant , and will bring them against this land , and against the inhabitants thereof, and against all these nations round about , and will utterly destroy them, and make them an astonishment , and an hissing , and perpetual desolations .
10. 내가 그들 중에서 기뻐하는 소리와 즐거워하는 소리와 신랑의 소리와 신부의 소리와 맷돌소리와 등불 빛이 끊쳐지게 하리니
Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth , and the voice of gladness , the voice of the bridegroom , and the voice of the bride , the sound of the millstones , and the light of the candle .
11. 이 온 땅이 황폐하여 놀램이 될 것이며 이 나라들은 칠십 년 동안 바벨론 왕을 섬기리라
And this whole land shall be a desolation , and an astonishment ; and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy years .
12. 나 여호와가 말하노라 칠십 년이 마치면 내가 바벨론 왕과 그 나라와 갈대아인의 땅을 그 죄악으로 인하여 벌하여 영영히 황무케 하되
And it shall come to pass, when seventy years are accomplished , that I will punish the king of Babylon , and that nation , saith the Lord , for their iniquity , and the land of the Chaldeans , and will make it perpetual desolations .
13. 내가 그 땅에 대하여 선고한 바 곧 예레미야가 열방에 대하여 예언하고 이 책에 기록한 나의 모든 말을 그 땅에 임하게 하리니
And I will bring upon that land all my words which I have pronounced against it, even all that is written in this book , which Jeremiah hath prophesied against all the nations .
14. 여러 나라와 큰 왕들이 그들로 자기 역군을 삼으리라 내가 그들의 행위와 그들의 손의 행한 대로 보응하리라 하시니라
For many nations and great kings shall serve themselves of them also: and I will recompense them according to their deeds , and according to the works of their own hands .
15. 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와께서 이같이 내게 이르시되 너는 내 손에서 이 진노의 잔을 받아 가지고 내가 너를 보내는 바 그 모든 나라로 마시게 하라
For thus saith the Lord God of Israel unto me; Take the wine cup of this fury at my hand , and cause all the nations , to whom I send thee, to drink it.
16. 그들이 마시고 비틀거리며 미치리니 이는 내가 그들 중에 칼을 보냄을 인함이니라 하시기로
And they shall drink , and be moved , and be mad , because of the sword that I will send among them.
17. 내가 여호와의 손에서 그 잔을 받아서 여호와께서 나를 보내신 바 그 모든 나라로 마시게 하되
Then took I the cup at the Lord’s hand , and made all the nations to drink , unto whom the Lord had sent me:
18. 예루살렘과 유다 성읍들과 그 왕들과 그 방백들로 마시게 하였더니 그들이 멸망과 놀램과 치소와 저주를 당함이 오늘날과 같으니라
To wit, Jerusalem , and the cities of Judah , and the kings thereof, and the princes thereof, to make them a desolation , an astonishment , an hissing , and a curse ; as it is this day ;
19. 또 애굽 왕 바로와 그의 신하들과 그의 방백들과 그의 모든 백성과
Pharaoh king of Egypt , and his servants , and his princes , and all his people ;
20. 모든 잡족과 우스 땅 모든 왕과 블레셋 사람의 땅 모든 왕과 아스글론과 가사와 에그론과 아스돗의 남은 자와
And all the mingled people, and all the kings of the land of Uz , and all the kings of the land of the Philistines , and Ashkelon , and Azzah , and Ekron , and the remnant of Ashdod ,
21. 에돔과 모압과 암몬 자손과
Edom , and Moab , and the children of Ammon ,
22. 두로의 모든 왕과 시돈의 모든 왕과 바다 저편 섬의 왕들과
And all the kings of Tyrus , and all the kings of Zidon , and the kings of the isles which are beyond the sea ,
23. 드단과 데마와 부스와 털을 모지게 깎은 모든 자와
Dedan , and Tema , and Buz , and all that are in the utmost corners ,
24. 아라비아 모든 왕과 광야에 거하는 잡족의 모든 왕과
And all the kings of Arabia , and all the kings of the mingled people that dwell in the desert ,
25. 시므리의 모든 왕과 엘람의 모든 왕과 메대의 모든 왕과
And all the kings of Zimri , and all the kings of Elam , and all the kings of the Medes ,
26. 북방 원근의 모든 왕과 지면에 있는 세상의 모든 나라로 마시게 하니라 세삭 왕은 그 후에 마시리라
And all the kings of the north , far and near , one with another , and all the kingdoms of the world , which are upon the face of the earth : and the king of Sheshach shall drink after them.
27. 너는 그들에게 이르기를 만군의 여호와 이스라엘의 하나님의 말씀에 너희는 마시라 취하라 토하라 엎드러지고 다시는 일어나지 말라 이는 내가 너희 중에 칼을 보냄을 인함이니라 하셨다 하라
Therefore thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord of hosts , the God of Israel ; Drink ye, and be drunken , and spue , and fall , and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.
28. 그들이 만일 네 손에서 잔을 받아 마시기를 거절하거든 너는 그들에게 이르기를 만군의 여호와의 말씀에 너희가 반드시 마시리라
And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thine hand to drink , then shalt thou say unto them, Thus saith the Lord of hosts ; Ye shall certainly drink .
29. 보라 내가 내 이름으로 일컬음을 받는 성에서부터 재앙 내리기를 시작하였은즉 너희가 어찌 능히 형벌을 면할 수 있느냐 면치 못하리니 이는 내가 칼을 불러 세상의 모든 거민을 칠 것임이니라 하셨다 하라 만군의 여호와의 말이니라
For, lo, I begin to bring evil on the city which is called by my name , and should ye be utterly unpunished ? Ye shall not be unpunished : for I will call for a sword upon all the inhabitants of the earth , saith the Lord of hosts .
30. 그러므로 너는 그들에게 이 모든 말로 예언하여 이르기를 여호와께서 높은 데서 부르시며 그 거룩한 처소에서 소리를 발하시며 그 양의 우리를 향하여 크게 부르시며 세상 모든 거민을 대하여 포도 밟는 자 같이 외치시리니
Therefore prophesy thou against them all these words , and say unto them, The Lord shall roar from on high , and utter his voice from his holy habitation ; he shall mightily roar upon his habitation ; he shall give a shout , as they that tread the grapes, against all the inhabitants of the earth .
31. 요란한 소리가 땅 끝까지 이름은 여호와께서 열국과 다투시며 모든 육체를 심판하시며 악인을 칼에 붙이심을 인함이라 하라 여호와의 말이니라
A noise shall come even to the ends of the earth ; for the Lord hath a controversy with the nations , he will plead with all flesh ; he will give them that are wicked to the sword , saith the Lord .
32. 나 만군의 여호와가 말하노라 보라 재앙이 나서 나라에서 나라에 미칠 것이며 대풍이 땅 끝에서 일어날 것이라
Thus saith the Lord of hosts , Behold, evil shall go forth from nation to nation , and a great whirlwind shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth .
33. 그 날에 나 여호와에게 살륙을 당한 자가 땅 이 끝에서 땅 저 끝에 미칠 것이나 그들이 슬퍼함을 받지 못하며 염습함을 입지 못하며 매장함을 얻지 못하고 지면에서 분토가 되리로다
And the slain of the Lord shall be at that day from one end of the earth even unto the other end of the earth : they shall not be lamented , neither gathered , nor buried ; they shall be dung upon the ground .
34. 너희 목자들아 외쳐 애곡하라 너희 양떼의 인도자들아 재에 굴라 이는 너희 도륙을 당할 날과 흩음을 당할 기한이 찼음인즉 너희가 귀한 그릇의 떨어짐 같이 될 것이라
Howl , ye shepherds , and cry ; and wallow yourselves in the ashes, ye principal of the flock : for the days of your slaughter and of your dispersions are accomplished ; and ye shall fall like a pleasant vessel .
35. 목자들은 도망할 수 없겠고 양떼의 인도자들은 도피할 수 없으리로다
And the shepherds shall have no way to flee , nor the principal of the flock to escape .
36. 목자들의 부르짖음과 양떼의 인도자들의 애곡하는 소리여 나 여호와가 그들의 초장으로 황폐케 함이로다
A voice of the cry of the shepherds , and an howling of the principal of the flock , shall be heard: for the Lord hath spoiled their pasture .
37. 평안한 목장들이 적막하니 이는 여호와의 진노의 연고로다
And the peaceable habitations are cut down because of the fierce anger of the Lord .
38. 그가 사자 같이 그 소혈에서 나오셨도다 그 잔멸하는 자의 진노와 그 극렬한 분으로 인하여 그들의 땅이 황량하였도다
He hath forsaken his covert , as the lion : for their land is desolate because of the fierceness of the oppressor , and because of his fierce anger .
■ 주석 보기
【렘25:1 JFB】렘25:1-38. Prophecy of the Seventy Years' Captivity; and after That the Destruction of Babylon, and of All the Nations That Oppressed the Jews.
1. fourth year of Jehoiakim—called the third year in 단1:1. But probably Jehoiakim was set on the throne by Pharaoh-necho on his return from Carchemish about July, whereas Nebuchadnezzar mounted the throne January 21, 604 B.C.; so that Nebuchadnezzar's first year was partly the third, partly the fourth, of Jehoiakim's. Here first Jeremiah gives specific dates. Nebuchadnezzar had previously entered Judea in the reign of his father Nabopolassar.
【렘25:1 MHCC】 The Jews rebuked for not obeying calls to repentance. (렘25:1-7) Their captivity during seventy years is expressly foretold. (렘25:8-14) Desolations upon the nations shown by the emblem of a cup of wrath. (렘25:15-29) The judgments again declared. (렘25:30-38)
렘25:1-7 The call to turn from evil ways to the worship and service of God, and for sinners to trust in Christ, and partake of his salvation, concerns all men. God keeps an account how long we possess the means of grace; and the longer we have them, the heavier will our account be if we have not improved them. Rising early, points out the earnest desire that this people should turn and live. Personal and particular reformation must be insisted on as necessary to a national deliverance; and every one must turn from his own evil way. Yet all was to no purpose. They would not take the right and only method to turn away the wrath of God.
렘25:8-14 The fixing of the time during which the Jewish captivity should last, would not only confirm the prophecy, but also comfort the people of God, and encourage faith and prayer. The ruin of Babylon is foretold: the rod will be thrown into the fire when the correcting work is done. When the set time to favour Zion is come, Babylon shall be punished for their iniquity, as other nations have been punished for their sins. Every threatening of the Scripture will certainly be accomplished.
렘25:15-29 The evil and the good events of life are often represented in Scripture as cups. Under this figure is represented the desolation then coming upon that part of the world, of which Nebuchadnezzar, who had just began to reign and act, was to be the instrument; but this destroying sword would come from the hand of God. The desolations the sword should make in all these kingdoms, are represented by the consequences of excessive drinking. This may make us loathe the sin of drunkenness, that the consequences of it are used to set forth such a woful condition. Drunkenness deprives men of the use of their reason, makes men as mad. It takes from them the valuable blessing, health; and is a sin which is its own punishment. This may also make us dread the judgments of war. It soon fills a nation with confusion. They will refuse to take the cup at thy hand. They will not believe Jeremiah; but he must tell them it is the word of the Lord of hosts, and it is in vain for them to struggle against Almighty power. And if God's judgments begin with backsliding professors, let not the wicked expect to escape.
렘25:30-38 The Lord has just ground of controversy with every nation and every person; and he will execute judgment on all the wicked. Who can avoid trembling when God speaks in displeasure? The days are fully come; the time fixed in the Divine counsels, which will make the nations wholly desolate. The tender and delicate shall share the common calamity. Even those who used to live in peace, and did nothing to provoke, shall not escape. Blessed be God, there is a peaceable habitation above, for all the sons of peace. The Lord will preserve his church and all believers in all changes; for nothing can separate them from his love.
【렘25:3 JFB】3. From the thirteenth year of Josiah, in which Jeremiah began to prophesy (렘1:1), to the end of Josiah's reign, was nineteen years (왕하22:1); the three months 2 Kings 23. 31) of Jehoahaz' reign, with the not quite complete four years of Jehoiakim (렘25:1), added to the nineteen years, make up twenty-three years in all.
【렘25:4 JFB】4. rising early—(See on 렘7:13). "The prophets" refer to Urijah, Zephaniah, Habakkuk, &c. It aggravates their sin, that God sent not merely one but many messengers, and those messengers, prophets; and, that during all those years specified, Jeremiah and his fellow prophets spared no effort, late and early.
【렘25:5 JFB】5. Turn … dwell—In Hebrew there is expressed by sameness of sounds the correspondence between their turning to God and God's turning to them to permit them to dwell in their land: Shubu … shebu, "Return" … so shall ye "remain."
every one from … evil—Each must separately repent and turn from his own sin. None is excepted, lest they should think their guilt extenuated because the evil is general.
【렘25:6 JFB】6. He instances one sin, idolatry, as representative of all their sins; as nothing is dearer to God than a pure worship of Himself.
【렘25:7 JFB】7. Though ye provoke Me to anger (신32:21), yet it is not I, but yourselves, whom ye thereby hurt (잠8:36; 20:2).
【렘25:9 JFB】9. the north—(see on 렘1:14, 15). The Medes and other northern peoples, confederate with Babylon, are included with the Chaldeans.
my servant—My agent for punishing (렘27:6; 43:10; compare 렘40:2). Compare 사44:28; Cyrus, "My shepherd." God makes even unbelievers unconsciously to fulfil His designs. A reproof to the Jews, who boasted that they were the servants of God; yet a heathen king is to be more the servant of God than they, and that as the agent of their punishment.
【렘25:10 JFB】10. (렘7:34; 계18:23). The land shall be so desolated that even in the houses left standing there shall be no inhabitant; a terrible stillness shall prevail; no sound of the hand-mill (two circular stones, one above the other, for grinding corn, worked by two women, 출11:5; 마24:41; in daily use in every house, and therefore forbidden to be taken in pledge, 신24:6); no night-light, so universal in the East that the poorest house has it, burning all night.
candle—lamp (욥21:17; 18:6).
【렘25:11 JFB】11. seventy years—(렘27:7). The exact number of years of Sabbaths in four hundred ninety years, the period from Saul to the Babylonian captivity; righteous retribution for their violation of the Sabbath (레26:34, 35; 대하36:21). The seventy years probably begin from the fourth year of Jehoiakim, when Jerusalem was first captured, and many captives, as well as the treasures of the temple, were carried away; they end with the first year of Cyrus, who, on taking Babylon, issued an edict for the restoration of the Jews (스1:1). Daniel's seventy prophetic weeks are based on the seventy years of the captivity (compare 단9:2, 24).
【렘25:13 JFB】13. all … written in this book, which Jeremiah … prophesied against all … nations—It follows from this, that the prophecies against foreign nations (forty-sixth through fifty-first chapters) must have been already written. Hence the Septuagint inserts here those prophecies. But if they had followed immediately (렘25:13), there would have been no propriety in the observation in the verse. The very wording of the reference shows that they existed in some other part of the book, and not in the immediate context. It was in this very year, the fourth of Jehoiakim (렘36:1, 2), that Jeremiah was directed to write in a regular book for the first time all that he had prophesied against Judah and foreign "nations" from the beginning of his ministry. Probably, at a subsequent time, when he completed the whole work, including the forty-sixth through fifty-first chapters, Jeremiah himself inserted the clause, "all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah hath prophesied against all the nations." The prophecies in question may have been repeated, as others in Jeremiah, more than once; so in the original smaller collection they may have stood in an earlier position; and, in the fuller subsequent collection, in their later and present position.
【렘25:14 JFB】14. serve themselves—(렘27:7; 30:8; 34:10). Avail themselves of their services as slaves.
them also—the Chaldees, who heretofore have made other nations their slaves, shall themselves also in their turn be slaves to them. Maurer translates, "shall impose servitude on them, even them."
recompense them—namely, the Chaldees and other nations against whom Jeremiah had prophesied (렘25:13), as having oppressed the Jews.
their deeds—rather, "deed," namely, their bad treatment of the Jews (렘50:29; 51:6, 24; compare 대하36:17).
【렘25:15 JFB】15. wine cup—Compare 렘13:12, 13, as to this image, to express stupefying judgments; also 렘49:12; 51:7. Jeremiah often embodies the imagery of Isaiah in his prophecies (애4:21; 사51:17-22; 계16:19; 18:6). The wine cup was not literally given by Jeremiah to the representatives of the different nations; but only in symbolical vision.
【렘25:16 JFB】16. be moved—reel (나3:11).
【렘25:18 JFB】18. Jerusalem—put first: for "judgment begins at the house of God"; they being most guilty whose religious privileges are greatest (벧전4:17).
kings—Jehoiakim, Jeconiah, and Zedekiah.
as it is this day—The accomplishment of the curse had already begun under Jehoiakim. This clause, however, may have been inserted by Jeremiah at his final revision of his prophecies in Egypt.
【렘25:19 JFB】19. Pharaoh—put next after Jerusalem, because the Jews had relied most on him, and Egypt and Judea stood on a common footing (렘46:2, 25).
【렘25:20 JFB】20. mingled people—mercenary foreign troops serving under Pharaoh-hophra in the time of Jeremiah. The employment of these foreigners provoked the native Egyptians to overthrow him. Psammetichus, father of Pharaoh-necho, also had given a settlement in Egypt to Ionian and Carian adventurers [Herodotus, 2.152, 154]. (Compare 렘50:37; see on 사19:2, 3; 사20:1; 겔30:5. The term is first found in 출12:38.
Uz—in the geographical order here, between Egypt and the states along the Mediterranean; therefore not the "Uz" of 욥1:1 (north of Arabia-Deserta), but the northern part of Arabia-Petræa, between the sea and Idumea (애4:21; see 창36:20, 28).
remnant of Ashdod—called a "remnant," because Ashdod had lost most of its inhabitants in the twenty-nine years siege by Psammetichus. Compare also see on 사20:1. Gath is not mentioned because it was overthrown in the same war.
【렘25:21 JFB】21. Edom … Moab … Ammon—joined together, as being related to Israel (see 렘48:1-49:39).
【렘25:22 JFB】22. all the kings of Tyrus—the petty kings of the various dependencies of Tyre.
isles—a term including all maritime regions (시72:10).
【렘25:23 JFB】23. Dedan—north of Arabia (창25:3, 4).
Tema … Buz—neighboring tribes north of Arabia (욥32:2).
all … in … utmost corners—rather, "having the hair cut in angles," a heathenish custom (see on 렘9:26).
【렘25:24 JFB】24. mingled people—not in the same sense as in 렘25:20; the "motley crowd," so called in contempt (compare 렘49:28, 31; 50:37). By a different pointing it may be translated the "Arabs"; but the repetition of the name is not likely. Blaney thinks there were two divisions of what we call Arabia, the west (Araba) and the east. The west included Arabia-Petræa and the parts on the sea bordering on Egypt, the land of Cush; the east, Arabia-Felix and Deserta. The latter are "the mixed race" inhabiting the desert.
【렘25:25 JFB】25. Zimri—perhaps the Zabra mentioned by Ptolemy between Mecca and Medina. Zimran also, as Dedan, was one of Abraham's sons by Keturah (창25:2).
Elam—properly, west of Persia; but used for Persia in general.
【렘25:26 JFB】26. Sheshach—Babylon; as the parallelism in 렘51:41 proves. In the Cabalistic system (called Athbash, the first Hebrew letter in the alphabet being expressed by the last) Sheshach would exactly answer to Babel. Jeremiah may have used this system (as perhaps in 렘51:41) for concealment at the time of this prediction, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim, while Nebuchadnezzar was before Jerusalem. In 렘51:41 there can be no concealment, as Babylon is expressly mentioned. Michaelis more simply explains the term "brazen-gated" (compare 사45:2); others, "the house of a prince." Rather, it comes from the Babylonian goddess, Shach, by reduplication of the first letter; from her Misael was named Meshach by the Babylonians. The term Shace was applied to a festival at Babylon, alluded to in 렘51:39, 57; 사21:5. It was during this feast that Cyrus took Babylon [Herodotus, 1]. Thus Jeremiah mystically denotes the time of its capture by this term [Glassius].
【렘25:27 JFB】27. rise no more—The heathen nations in question should fall to rise no more. The Jews should fall but for a time, and then rise again. Therefore, the epithet is given, "the God of Israel."
【렘25:28 JFB】28. if they refuse to take the cup—No effort of theirs to escape destruction will avail.
【렘25:29 JFB】29. If I spared not Mine elect people on account of sin, much less will I spare you (겔9:6; Ob 16; Lu 23:31; 벧전4:17).
be unpunished—"be treated as innocent."
【렘25:30 JFB】30. roar—image from a destructive lion (사42:13; Joe 3:16).
upon his habitation—rather, "His pasturage"; keeping up the image of a lion roaring against the flock in the pasture. The roar was first to go forth over Judea wherein were "the sheep of His pasture" (시100:3), and thence into heathen lands.
shout … tread … grapes—(렘48:33; 사16:9, 10).
【렘25:31 JFB】31. controversy—cause at issue (미6:2).
plead with all flesh—(사66:16). God shows the whole world that He does what is altogether just in punishing.
【렘25:32 JFB】32. from the coasts—rather, "from the uttermost regions." Like a storm which arises in one region and then diffuses itself far and wide, so God's judgments shall pass "from nation to nation," till all has been fulfilled; no distance shall prevent the fulfilment.
not be lamented—(렘16:4, 6).
neither gathered—to their fathers, in their ancestral tombs (렘8:2).
dung—(시83:10).
【렘25:34 JFB】34. shepherds—princes (렘22:22). Here he returns to the Jews and their rulers, using the same image as in 렘25:30, "pasture" (see on 렘25:30).
wallow yourselves—Cover yourselves as thickly with ashes, in token of sorrow, as one who rolls in them (렘6:26; 겔27:30) [Maurer].
principal—leaders. The Septuagint translates "rams," carrying out the image (compare 사14:9, Margin;Z전10:3).
days of your slaughter … of … dispersions—rather, "your days for slaughter (that is, the time of your being slain), and your dispersions (not 'of your dispersions'), are accomplished (are come)."
pleasant vessel—Ye were once a precious vessel, but ye shall fall, and so be a broken vessel (see on 렘22:28). "Your past excellency shall not render you safe now. I will turn to your ignominy whatever glory I conferred on you" [Calvin].
【렘25:35 JFB】35. Literally, "Flight shall fail the shepherds … escaping (shall fail) the principal," &c. (암2:14). The leaders will be the first objects for slaughter; escape by flight will be out of their power.
【렘25:37 JFB】37. habitations—rather, carrying out the image "pastures" (see on 렘25:30). The pasturages where, peaceably and without incursion of wild beasts, the flocks have fed, shall be destroyed; that is, the regions where, heretofore, there was peace and security (alluding to the name Salem, or Jerusalem, "possessing peace").
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