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■ 예레미야 23장
1. 나 여호와가 말하노라 내 목장의 양무리를 멸하며 흩는 목자에게 화 있으리라
Woe be unto the pastors that destroy and scatter the sheep of my pasture ! saith the Lord .
2. 그러므로 이스라엘 하나님 나 여호와가 내 백성을 기르는 목자에게 이같이 말하노라 너희가 내 양무리를 흩으며 그것을 몰아내고 돌아보지 아니하였도다 보라 내가 너희의 악행을 인하여 너희에게 보응하리라 여호와의 말이니라
Therefore thus saith the Lord God of Israel against the pastors that feed my people ; Ye have scattered my flock , and driven them away , and have not visited them: behold, I will visit upon you the evil of your doings , saith the Lord .
3. 내가 내 양무리의 남은 자를 그 몰려갔던 모든 지방에서 모아 내어 다시 그 우리로 돌아오게 하리니 그들의 생육이 번성할 것이며
And I will gather the remnant of my flock out of all countries whither I have driven them, and will bring them again to their folds ; and they shall be fruitful and increase .
4. 내가 그들을 기르는 목자들을 그들 위에 세우리니 그들이 다시는 두려워하거나 놀라거나 축이 나지 아니하리라 여호와의 말이니라
And I will set up shepherds over them which shall feed them: and they shall fear no more, nor be dismayed , neither shall they be lacking , saith the Lord .
5. 나 여호와가 말하노라 보라 때가 이르리니 내가 다윗에게 한 의로운 가지를 일으킬 것이라 그가 왕이 되어 지혜롭게 행사하며 세상에서 공평과 정의를 행할 것이며
Behold, the days come , saith the Lord , that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch , and a King shall reign and prosper , and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth .
6. 그의 날에 유다는 구원을 얻겠고 이스라엘은 평안히 거할 것이며 그 이름은 여호와 우리의 의라 일컬음을 받으리라
In his days Judah shall be saved , and Israel shall dwell safely : and this is his name whereby he shall be called , THE Lord OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS .
7. 그러므로 나 여호와가 말하노라 보라 날이 이르리니 그들이 다시는 이스라엘 자손을 애굽 땅에서 인도하여 내신 여호와의 사심으로 맹세하지 아니하고
Therefore, behold, the days come , saith the Lord , that they shall no more say , The Lord liveth , which brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt ;
8. 이스라엘 집 자손을 북방 땅 그 모든 쫓겨났던 나라에서 인도하여 내신 여호와의 사심으로 맹세할 것이며 그들이 자기 땅에 거하리라 하시니라
But, The Lord liveth , which brought up and which led the seed of the house of Israel out of the north country , and from all countries whither I had driven them; and they shall dwell in their own land .
9. 선지자들에 대한 말씀이라 내 중심이 상하며 내 모든 뼈가 떨리며 내가 취한 사람 같으며 포도주에 잡힌 사람 같으니 이는 여호와와 그 거룩한 말씀을 인함이라
Mine heart within me is broken because of the prophets ; all my bones shake ; I am like a drunken man , and like a man whom wine hath overcome , because of the Lord , and because of the words of his holiness .
10. 이 땅에 행음하는 자가 가득하도다 저주로 인하여 땅이 슬퍼하며 광야의 초장들이 마르나니 그들의 행위가 악하고 힘쓰는 것이 정직하지 못함이로다
For the land is full of adulterers ; for because of swearing the land mourneth ; the pleasant places of the wilderness are dried up , and their course is evil , and their force is not right.
11. 여호와께서 말씀하시되 선지자와 제사장이 다 사특한지라 내가 내 집에서도 그들의 악을 발견하였노라
For both prophet and priest are profane ; yea, in my house have I found their wickedness , saith the Lord .
12. 그러므로 그들의 길이 그들에게 흑암 중에 미끄러운 곳과 같이 되고 그들이 밀침을 받아 그 길에 엎드러질 것이라 그들을 벌하는 해에 내가 그들에게 재앙을 내리리라 여호와의 말이니라
Wherefore their way shall be unto them as slippery ways in the darkness : they shall be driven on , and fall therein: for I will bring evil upon them, even the year of their visitation , saith the Lord .
13. 내가 사마리아 선지자들 중에 우매함이 있음을 보았나니 그들은 바알을 의탁하고 예언하여 내 백성 이스라엘을 그릇되게 하였고
And I have seen folly in the prophets of Samaria ; they prophesied in Baal , and caused my people Israel to err .
14. 내가 예루살렘 선지자들 중에도 가증한 일이 있음을 보았나니 그들은 간음을 행하며 행악자의 손을 굳게 하여 사람으로 그 악에서 돌이킴이 없게 하였은즉 그들은 다 내 앞에서 소돔 사람과 다름이 없고 그 거민은 고모라 사람과 다름이 없느니라
I have seen also in the prophets of Jerusalem an horrible thing : they commit adultery , and walk in lies : they strengthen also the hands of evildoers , that none doth return from his wickedness : they are all of them unto me as Sodom , and the inhabitants thereof as Gomorrah .
15. 그러므로 만군의 여호와 내가 선지자에 대하여 이같이 말하노라 보라 내가 그들에게 쑥을 먹이며 독한 물을 마시우리니 이는 사악이 예루살렘 선지자들에게로서 나와서 온 땅에 퍼짐이라 하시니라
Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts concerning the prophets ; Behold, I will feed them with wormwood , and make them drink the water of gall : for from the prophets of Jerusalem is profaneness gone forth into all the land .
16. 만군의 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 너희에게 예언하는 선지자들의 말을 듣지 말라 그들은 너희에게 헛된 것을 가르치나니 그들의 말한 묵시는 자기 마음으로 말미암은 것이요 여호와의 입에서 나온 것이 아니니라
Thus saith the Lord of hosts , Hearken not unto the words of the prophets that prophesy unto you: they make you vain : they speak a vision of their own heart , and not out of the mouth of the Lord .
17. 항상 그들이 나를 멸시하는 자에게 이르기를 너희가 평안하리라 여호와의 말씀이니라 하며 또 자기 마음의 강퍅한 대로 행하는 모든 사람에게 이르기를 재앙이 너희에게 임하지 아니하리라 하였느니라
They say still unto them that despise me, The Lord hath said , Ye shall have peace ; and they say unto every one that walketh after the imagination of his own heart , No evil shall come upon you.
18. 누가 여호와의 회의에 참여하여 그 말을 알아들었으며 누가 귀를 기울여 그 말을 들었느뇨
For who hath stood in the counsel of the Lord , and hath perceived and heard his word ? who hath marked his word , and heard it?
19. 보라 나 여호와의 노가 발하여 폭풍과 회리바람처럼 악인의 머리를 칠 것이라
Behold, a whirlwind of the Lord is gone forth in fury , even a grievous whirlwind : it shall fall grievously upon the head of the wicked .
20. 나 여호와의 노는 내 마음의 뜻하는 바를 행하여 이루기까지는 쉬지 아니하나니 너희가 말일에 그것을 완전히 깨달으리라
The anger of the Lord shall not return , until he have executed , and till he have performed the thoughts of his heart : in the latter days ye shall consider it perfectly .
21. 이 선지자들은 내가 보내지 아니하였어도 달음질하며 내가 그들에게 이르지 아니하였어도 예언하였은즉
I have not sent these prophets , yet they ran : I have not spoken to them, yet they prophesied .
22. 그들이 만일 나의 회의에 참예하였더면 내 백성에게 내 말을 들려서 그들로 악한 길과 악한 행위에서 돌이키게 하였으리라
But if they had stood in my counsel , and had caused my people to hear my words , then they should have turned them from their evil way , and from the evil of their doings .
23. 나 여호와가 말하노라 나는 가까운데 하나님이요 먼데 하나님은 아니냐
Am I a God at hand , saith the Lord , and not a God afar off ?
24. 나 여호와가 말하노라 사람이 내게 보이지 아니하려고 누가 자기를 은밀한 곳에 숨길 수 있겠느냐 나 여호와가 말하노라 나는 천지에 충만하지 아니하냐
Can any hide himself in secret places that I shall not see him? saith the Lord . Do not I fill heaven and earth ? saith the Lord .
25. 내 이름으로 거짓을 예언하는 선지자들의 말에 내가 몽사를 얻었다 함을 내가 들었노라
I have heard what the prophets said , that prophesy lies in my name , saying , I have dreamed , I have dreamed .
26. 거짓을 예언하는 선지자들이 언제까지 이 마음을 품겠느냐 그들은 그 마음의 간교한 것을 예언하느니라
How long shall this be in the heart of the prophets that prophesy lies ? yea, they are prophets of the deceit of their own heart ;
27. 그들이 서로 몽사를 말하니 그 생각인즉 그들의 열조가 바알로 인하여 내 이름을 잊어버린 것 같이 내 백성으로 내 이름을 잊게 하려 함이로다
Which think to cause my people to forget my name by their dreams which they tell every man to his neighbour , as their fathers have forgotten my name for Baal .
28. 나 여호와가 말하노라 몽사를 얻은 선지자는 몽사를 말할 것이요 내 말을 받은 자는 성실함으로 내 말을 말할 것이라 겨와 밀을 어찌 비교하겠느냐
The prophet that hath a dream , let him tell a dream ; and he that hath my word , let him speak my word faithfully . What is the chaff to the wheat ? saith the Lord .
29. 나 여호와가 말하노라 내 말이 불같지 아니하냐 반석을 쳐서 부스러뜨리는 방망이 같지 아니하냐
Is not my word like as a fire ? saith the Lord ; and like a hammer that breaketh the rock in pieces ?
30. 나 여호와가 말하노라 그러므로 보라 서로 내 말을 도적질하는 선지자들을 내가 치리라
Therefore, behold, I am against the prophets , saith the Lord , that steal my words every one from his neighbour .
31. 나 여호와가 말하노라 보라 그들이 혀를 놀려 그가 말씀하셨다 하는 선지자들을 내가 치리라
Behold, I am against the prophets , saith the Lord , that use their tongues , and say , He saith .
32. 나 여호와가 말하노라 보라 거짓 몽사를 예언하여 이르며 거짓과 헛된 자만으로 내 백성을 미혹하게 하는 자를 내가 치리라 내가 그들을 보내지 아니하였으며 명하지 아니하였나니 그들이 이 백성에게 아무 유익이 없느니라 여호와의 말이니라
Behold, I am against them that prophesy false dreams , saith the Lord , and do tell them, and cause my people to err by their lies , and by their lightness ; yet I sent them not, nor commanded them: therefore they shall not profit this people at all , saith the Lord .
33. 이 백성이나 선지자나 제사장이 네게 물어 이르기를 여호와의 엄중한 말씀이 무엇이뇨 하거든 너는 그들에게 대답하기를 엄중한 말씀이 무엇이냐 하느냐 여호와의 말씀에 내가 너희를 버리리라 하셨고
And when this people , or the prophet , or a priest , shall ask thee, saying , What is the burden of the Lord ? thou shalt then say unto them, What burden ? I will even forsake you, saith the Lord .
34. 또 여호와의 엄중한 말씀이라 하는 선지자에게나 제사장에게나 백성에게는 내가 그 사람과 그 집에 벌하리라 하셨다 하고
And as for the prophet , and the priest , and the people , that shall say , The burden of the Lord , I will even punish that man and his house .
35. 너는 또 말하기를 너희는 서로 이웃과 형제에게 묻기를 여호와께서 무엇이라 응답하셨으며 무엇이라 말씀하셨느뇨 하고
Thus shall ye say every one to his neighbour , and every one to his brother , What hath the Lord answered ? and, What hath the Lord spoken ?
36. 다시는 여호와의 엄중한 말씀이라 말하지 말라 각 사람의 말이 자기에게 중벌이 되리니 이는 너희가 사시는 하나님 만군의 여호와 우리 하나님의 말씀을 망령되이 씀이니라 하고
And the burden of the Lord shall ye mention no more: for every man’s word shall be his burden ; for ye have perverted the words of the living God , of the Lord of hosts our God .
37. 너는 또 선지자에게 말하기를 여호와께서 네게 무엇이라 대답하셨으며 여호와께서 무엇이라 말씀하셨느뇨
Thus shalt thou say to the prophet , What hath the Lord answered thee? and, What hath the Lord spoken ?
38. 너희는 여호와의 엄중한 말씀이라 말하도다 그러므로 여호와께서 가라사대 내가 너희에게 보내어 여호와의 엄중한 말씀이라 하지 말라 하였어도 너희가 여호와의 엄중한 말씀이라 하였은즉
But since ye say , The burden of the Lord ; therefore thus saith the Lord ; Because ye say this word , The burden of the Lord , and I have sent unto you, saying , Ye shall not say , The burden of the Lord ;
39. 내가 너희를 온전히 잊어버리며 내가 너희와 너희 열조에게 준 이 성읍을 내 앞에서 내어버려
Therefore, behold, I, even I, will utterly forget you, and I will forsake you, and the city that I gave you and your fathers , and cast you out of my presence :
40. 너희로 영원한 치욕과 잊지 못할 영구한 수치를 당케 하리라 하셨다 할지니라
And I will bring an everlasting reproach upon you, and a perpetual shame , which shall not be forgotten .
■ 주석 보기
【렘23:1 JFB】렘23:1-40. The Wicked Rulers to Be Superseded by the King, Who Should Reign over the Again United Peoples, Israel and Judah.
This forms the epilogue to the denunciations of the four kings, in 렘21:1-22:30.
1. pastors—Shallum, Jehoiakim, Jeconiah, and Zedekiah (겔34:2).
【렘23:1 CWC】[MESSAGES IN ZEDEKIAH'S REIGN]
These chapters furnish a convenient unit, as they are apparently a group of discourses delivered in Zedekiah's reign -- the king of the captivity period.
The first, and one of the most interesting, is that concerning the siege (c. 21). Note the occasion (vv. 1, 2) and observe that "Pashur" was not he of the last lesson. The siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar had begun and the king of Judah hoped the prophet would have some encouraging word from God for him and the nation. But the opposite was the case (vv. 3-7). The message to the people (vv. 8-10), was the theme Jeremiah had to proclaim for the greater part of his ministry down until the event occurred.
Chapter 22 is chiefly about the previous kings of Judah in Jeremiah's time. They need not weep for Josiah whom the Lord had taken to Himself (v. 10), but for Shallum (v. 11), another name for Jehoahaz (see margin), the son of Josiah who had been carried to Egypt as we saw in the book of Kings. They should not lament for Jehoiakim, now dead, for he was unworthy of it (vv. 13-19). "Coniah," the fourth king (vv. 24-30), is another name for Jeconiah, the son of Jehoiakim, taken captive by the Babylonians, whose story we were made familiar with in 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles.
The twenty-third chapter contains one of those beautiful messages of the future redemption of Judah and Israel with which we have become acquainted in the Psalms and Isaiah (vv. 1-8). Observe the Messianic allusion in verses 5 and 6. And do not overlook God's testimony to His own Word that follows, coupled with the judgment pronounced on the false teachers who put their own word instead of it.
Chapter 24, the type of the good figs and the bad, explains itself. The Jews carried into captivity earlier than Zedekiah's time would have an opportunity to return from Babylon after a while, but those now in the land and to be carried away later would not have such opportunity.
Questions.
1. What is the title of this lesson and why is it given?
2. On what theme is the first discourse?
3. State the circumstances.
4. What four former kings of Judah are referred to?
5. What name is given our Lord Jesus Christ in chapter 23?
6. Can you tell the story of the good and bad figs?
MESSAGES IN JEHOIAKIM'S REIGN
Chapters 25, 26
Having just considered discourses in Zedekiah's reign, and now returning to that of Jehoiakim (25:1), it can be seen that the chapters are not arranged chronologically.
The first message is that of the seventy years captivity. We are familiar with that period as Judah's forced stay in Babylon, and it is interesting to see the place where it was definitely predicted (vv. 11, 12).
Note what leads up to the prediction, God's patience and faithfulness towards His people in their sin (vv. 3-7); and His choice of Babylon as the Gentile power, into whose hands he is pleased for the time being, in judgment on Judah, to commit the sovereignty of the earth (vv. 8, 9). Note what follows. Babylon's motive is selfish, and her time of punishment will surely come (vv. 12-14). Practically all the nations are now included in the coming judgment (vv. 15, to the end). The complete fulfillment is at the end of the age.
Some will be more interested in the next chapter, where the prophet because of his boldness (vv. 1-7) is arrested and threatened with death (vv. 8, 9). In this case the priests, the prophets and the people are against him, but not the princes (v, 10). This is the method God adopted in the execution of His original promise to Jeremiah (1:17-19). That is. He did not permit all of his enemies to be united against him at the same time.
The prophet has a hearing (vv. 12-15). The princes express their opinion (v. 16). The elders give their judgment (vv. 17-19). A case is cited of a prophet who, unlike Micah, lost his life as the result of his fidelity (vv. 20-23). But happily that was not true of Jeremiah (v. 24).
【렘23:1 MHCC】 The restoration of the Jews to their own land. (렘23:1-8) The wickedness of the priests and prophets of Judah, The people exhorted not to listen to false promises. (렘23:9-22) The pretenders to inspiration threatened. (렘23:23-32) Also the scoffers at true prophecy. (렘23:33-40)
렘23:1-8 Woe be to those who are set to feed God's people, but take no concern to do them good! Here is a word of comfort to the neglected sheep. Though only a remnant of God's flock is left, he will find them out, and they shall be brought to their former habitations. Christ is spoken of as a branch from David's family. He is righteous himself, and through him all his people are made righteous. Christ shall break the usurped power of Satan. All the spiritual seed of believing Abraham and praying Jacob shall be protected, and shall be saved from the guilt and dominion of sin. In the days of Christ's government in the soul, the soul dwells at ease. He is here spoken of as 'the Lord our Righteousness.' He is so our Righteousness as no creature could be. His obedience unto death is the justifying righteousness of believers, and their title to heavenly happiness. And their sanctification, as the source of all their personal obedience is the effect of their union with him, and of the supply of this Spirit. By this name every true believer shall call him, and call upon him. We have nothing to plead but this, Christ has died, yea, rather is risen again; and we have taken him for our Lord. This righteousness which he has wrought out to the satisfaction of law and justice, becomes ours; being a free gift given to us, through the Spirit of God, who puts it upon us, clothes us with it, enables us to lay hold upon it, and claim an interest in it. 'The Lord our Righteousness' is a sweet name to a convinced sinner; to one that has felt the guilt of sin in his conscience; seen his need of that righteousness, and the worth of it. This great salvation is far more glorious than all former deliverances of his church. May our souls be gathered to Him, and be found in him.
렘23:9-22 The false prophets of Samaria had deluded the Israelites into idolatries; yet the Lord considered the false prophets of Jerusalem as guilty of more horrible wickedness, by which the people were made bold in sin. These false teachers would be compelled to suffer the most bitter part of the Lord's indignation. They made themselves believe that there was no harm in sin, and practised accordingly; then they made others believe so. Those who are resolved to go on in evil ways, will justly be given up to believe strong delusions. But which of them had received any revelation of God, or understood any thing of his word? There was a time coming when they would reflect on their folly and unbelief with remorse. The teaching and example of the true prophets led men to repentance, faith, and righteousness. The false prophets led men to rest in forms and notions, and to be quiet in their sins. Let us take heed that we do not follow unrighteousness.
렘23:23-32 Men cannot be hidden from God's all-seeing eye. Will they never see what judgments they prepare for themselves? Let them consider what a vast difference there is between these prophecies and those delivered by the true prophets of the Lord. Let them not call their foolish dreams Divine oracles. The promises of peace these prophets make are no more to be compared to God's promises than chaff to wheat. The unhumbled heart of man is like a rock; if not melted by the word of God as a fire, it will be broken to pieces by it as a hammer. How can they be long safe, or at all easy, who have a God of almighty power against them? The word of God is no smooth, lulling, deceitful message. And by its faithfulness it may certainly be distinguished from false doctrines.
렘23:33-40 Those are miserable indeed who are forsaken and forgotten of God; and men's jesting at God's judgments will not baffle them. God had taken Israel to be a people near to him, but they shall now be cast out of his presence. It is a mark of great and daring impiety for men to jest with the words of God. Every idle and profane word will add to the sinner's burden in the day of judgment, when everlasting shame will be his portion.
【렘23:2 JFB】2. Ye have not … visited them … I will visit upon you—just retribution. Play upon the double sense of "visit." "Visit upon," namely, in wrath (출32:34).
【렘23:3 JFB】3, 4. Restoration of Judah from Babylon foretold in language which in its fulness can only apply to the final restoration of both "Judah" and "Israel" (compare 렘23:6); also "out of all countries," in this verse and 렘23:8; also, "neither shall they be lacking," that is, none shall be missing or detached from the rest: a prophecy never yet fully accomplished. It holds good also of the spiritual Israel, the elect of both Jews and Gentiles (말3:16, 17; 요10:28; 17:12). As to the literal Israel also, see 렘32:37; 사54:13; 60:21; 겔34:11-16.
shepherds … shall feed them—(렘3:15; 겔34:23-31). Zerubbabel, Ezra, Nehemiah, and the Maccabees were but typical of the consummating fulfilment of these prophecies under Messiah.
【렘23:5 JFB】5. As Messianic prophecy extended over many years in which many political changes took place in harmony with these, it displayed its riches by a variety more effective than if it had been manifested all at once. As the moral condition of the Jews required in each instance, so Messiah was exhibited in a corresponding phase, thus becoming more and more the soul of the nation's life: so that He is represented as the antitypical Israel (사49:3).
unto David—Hengstenberg observes that Isaiah dwells more on His prophetical and priestly office, which had already been partly set forth (신18:18; 시110:4). Other prophets dwell more on His kingly office. Therefore here He is associated with "David" the king: but in 사11:1 with the then poor and unknown "Jesse."
righteous Branch—"the Branch of righteousness" (렘33:15); "The Branch" simply (Z전3:8; 6:12); "The Branch of the Lord" (사4:2).
prosper—the very term applied to Messiah's undertaking (사52:13, Margin;사53:10). Righteousness or justice is the characteristic of Messiah elsewhere, too, in connection with our salvation or justification (사53:11; 단9:24; Z전9:9). So in the New Testament He is not merely "righteous" Himself, but "righteousness to us" (고전1:30), so that we become "the righteousness of God in Him" (롬10:3, 4; 고후5:19-21; 빌3:9).
execute judgment and justice in the earth—(시72:2; 사9:7; 32:1, 18). Not merely a spiritual reign in the sense in which He is "our righteousness," but a righteous reign "in the earth" (렘3:17, 18). In some passages He is said to come to judge, in others to reign. In 마25:34, He is called "the King." 시9:7 unites them. Compare 단7:22, 26, 27.
【렘23:6 JFB】6. Judah … Israel … dwell safely—Compare 렘33:16, where "Jerusalem" is substituted for "Israel" here. Only Judah, and that only in part, has as yet returned. So far are the Jews from having enjoyed, as yet, the temporal blessings here foretold as the result of Messiah's reign, that their lot has been, for eighteen centuries, worse than ever before. The accomplishment must, therefore, be still future, when both Judah and Israel in their own land shall dwell safely under a Christocracy, far more privileged than even the old theocracy (렘32:37; 신33:28; 사54:1-17; 60:1-22; 65:17-25; Z전14:11).
shall be called, the Lord—that is, shall be (사9:6) "Jehovah," God's incommunicable name. Though when applied to created things, it expresses only some peculiar connection they have with Jehovah (창22:14; 출17:15), yet when applied to Messiah it must express His Godhead manifested in justifying power towards us (딤전3:16).
our—marks His manhood, which is also implied in His being a Branch raised unto David, whence His human title, "Son of David" (compare 마22:42-45).
Righteousness—marks His Godhead, for God alone can justify the ungodly (compare 롬4:5; 사45:17, 24, 25).
【렘23:7 JFB】7, 8. Repeated from 렘16:14, 15. The prophet said the same things often, in order that his sayings might make the more impression. The same promise as in 렘23:3, 4. The wide dispersion of the Jews at the Babylonish captivity prefigures their present wider dispersion (사11:11; Joe 3:6). Their second deliverance is to exceed far the former one from Egypt. But the deliverance from Babylon was inferior to that from Egypt in respect to the miracles performed and the numbers delivered. The final deliverance under Messiah must, therefore, be meant, of which that from Babylon was the earnest.
【렘23:9 JFB】9. because of the prophets—so the Masorites and Targum. But Vulgate, Septuagint, &c., make this the inscription of the prophecy, Concerning the Prophets: as in 렘46:2; 48:1; 49:1. Jeremiah expresses his horror at the so-called "prophets" not warning the people, though iniquity so fearfully abounded, soon to be followed by awful judgments.
bones shake—(합3:16).
drunken—God's judgments are represented as stupefying like wine. The effects of the Holy Spirit also are compared to those of wine (행2:17). In both cases ecstasy was produced. This accounts for the denial of wine to those likely to be inspired, Nazarites, &c. (Lu 1:15). It was necessary to put it out of men's power to ascribe inspired ecstasy to the effects of wine.
because of … words of … holiness—because of Jehovah's holy words, wherewith He threatened severe penalties, soon to be inflicted, against the breakers of His law.
【렘23:10 JFB】10. adulterers—spiritual, that is, forsakers of God, Israel's true Husband (사54:5) for idols, at the instigation of the false "prophets" (렘23:9, 15). Literal adultery and fornication, the usual concomitants of idolatry, are also meant.
swearing—Maurer, &c., translate, "Because of the curse (of God on it), the land mourneth" (신27:15-26; 28:15-68; 사24:6). More than usual notoriety had been given to the curses of the law, by the finding and reading of it in Josiah's time (왕하22:11, &c.). But 호4:2, 3, favors English Version (compare 렘12:4). A drought was sent by God on the pastures ("pleasant places," oases) in the desert, on account of the "profaneness" of the priests, prophets, and people (렘23:11).
course … evil—They (both prophets and people) rush into wickedness (렘23:21; 사59:7).
force … not right—Their powers are used not on the side of rectitude, but on that of falsehood.
【렘23:11 JFB】11. profane—(겔23:39; 습3:4).
in my house—(렘7:30). They built altars to idols in the very temple (왕하23:12; 겔8:3-16). Compare as to covetousness under the roof of the sanctuary, 마21:13; 요2:16.
【렘23:12 JFB】12. slippery ways in … darkness—Their "way" is their false doctrine which proves fatal to them (렘13:16; 시35:6; 잠4:19).
I will bring evil … visitation—still more calamities than those already inflicted. See on 렘11:23; "visitation," namely, in wrath.
【렘23:13 JFB】13. folly—literally, "insipidity," "unsavouriness" (욥6:6), not having the salt of godliness (골4:6).
in Baal—in the name of Baal; in connection with his worship (see 렘2:8).
caused … to err—(사9:16).
【렘23:14 JFB】14. "Jerusalem" and Judah were even worse than "Samaria" and the ten tribes; the greater were the privileges of the former, the greater was their guilt. They had the temple in their midst, which the ten tribes had not; yet in the temple itself they practised idolatry.
strengthen … hands of evildoers—(겔13:22).
as Sodom—(신32:32; 사1:10).
【렘23:15 JFB】15. gall—poison (see on 렘8:14; 렘9:15).
【렘23:16 JFB】16. make you vain—They seduce you to vanity, that is, idolatry, which will prove a vain trust to you (렘2:5; 왕하17:15; 욘2:8), [Gesenius]. Rather, "they delude you with vain promises of security" (렘23:17; compare 시62:10) [Maurer].
of their own heart—of their own invention (렘23:21; 렘14:14).
【렘23:17 JFB】17. say still—Hebrew, "say in saying," that is, say incessantly.
peace—(렘6:14; 겔13:10; Z전10:2).
imagination—Hebrew, "obstinacy."
no evil—(미3:11).
【렘23:18 JFB】18. A reason is given why the false prophets should not be heeded: They have not stood in the counsels of Jehovah (an image from ministers present in a standing posture at councils of Eastern kings) (compare 렘23:22; 욥15:8). The spiritual man alone has the privilege (창18:17; 시25:14; 암3:7; 요15:15; 고전2:16).
【렘23:19 JFB】19. So far from all prosperity awaiting the people as the false prophets say (렘23:17), wrath is in store for them.
grievous—literally, "eddying," whirling itself about, a tornado. In 렘30:23, "continuing" is substituted for "grievous."
fall grievously—it shall be hurled on.
【렘23:20 JFB】20. in … latter days—that is, "the year of their visitation" (렘23:12). Primarily the meaning is: the Jews will not "consider" now God's warnings (신32:29); but when the prophecies shall be fulfilled in their Babylonish exile, they will consider and see, by bitter experience, their sinful folly. The ultimate scope of the prophecy is: the Jews, in their final dispersion, shall at last "consider" their sin and turn to Messiah "perfectly" (호3:5; Z전12:5, 10-14; Lu 13:35).
【렘23:21 JFB】21. sent … spoken—"sent" refers to the primary call: "spoken" to the subsequent charges given to be executed. A call is required, not only external, on the part of men, but also internal from God, that one should undertake a pastor's office [Calvin].
【렘23:22 JFB】22. stood in … counsel—(렘23:18).
they should have turned them from their evil way—They would have given such counsels to the people as would have turned them from their sins (렘25:5; 사55:11), and so would have averted punishment. Their not teaching the law in which God's counsel is set forth proves they are not His prophets, though they boast of being so (마7:15-20).
【렘23:23 JFB】23. Let not the false prophets fancy that their devices (렘23:25) are unknown to Me. Are ye so ignorant as to suppose that I can only see things near Me, namely, things in heaven, and not earthly things as being too remote?
【렘23:24 JFB】24. (시139:7, &c.; 암9:2, 3).
fill heaven and earth—with My omniscience, providence, power, and essential being (왕상8:27).
【렘23:25 JFB】25. dreamed—I have received a prophetic communication by dream (민12:6; 신13:1, &c. Joe 2:28).
【렘23:26 JFB】26. prophets—a different Hebrew form from the usual one, "prophesiers." "How long," cries Jeremiah, impatient of their impious audacity, "shall these prophecy-mongers go on prophesying lies?" The answer is given in 렘23:29-34.
【렘23:27 JFB】27. They "think" to make My people utterly to forget Me. But I will oppose to those dreamers my true prophets.
fathers … for Baal—(유3:7; 8:33, 34).
【렘23:28 JFB】28. God answers the objection which might be stated, "What, then, must we do, when lies are spoken as truths, and prophets oppose prophets?" Do the same as when wheat is mixed with chaff: do not reject the wheat because of the chaff mixed with it, but discriminate between the false and the true revelations. The test is adherence to, or forgetfulness of, Me and My law (렘23:27).
that hath a dream—that pretends to have a divine communication by dream, let him tell it "faithfully," that it may be compared with "my word" (고후4:2). The result will be the former (both the prophets and their fictions) will soon be seen to be chaff; the latter (the true prophets and the word of God in their mouth) wheat (시1:4; 호13:3).
【렘23:29 JFB】29. As the "fire" consumes the "chaff," [렘23:28], so "My word" will consume the false prophets (마3:12; 히4:12). "My word" which is "wheat" [렘23:28], that is, food to the true prophet and his hearers, is a consuming "fire," and a crushing "hammer" (마21:44) to false prophets and their followers (고후2:16). The Word of the false prophets may be known by its promising men peace in sin. "My word," on the contrary, burns and breaks the hard-hearted (렘20:9). The "hammer" symbolizes destructive power (렘50:23; 나2:1, Margin).
【렘23:30 JFB】30. steal my words—a twofold plagiarism; one steals from the other, and all steal words from Jehovah's true prophets, but misapply them (see 렘28:2; 요10:1; 계22:19).
【렘23:31 JFB】31. use—rather, "take" their tongue: a second class (compare 렘23:30) require, in order to bring forth a revelation, nothing more than their tongues, wherewith they say, He (Jehovah) saith: they bungle in the very formula instead of the usual "Jehovah saith," being only able to say "(He) saith."
【렘23:32 JFB】32. Third class: inventors of lies: the climax, and worst of the three.
lightness—wanton inventions (습3:4).
not profit—that is, greatly injure.
【렘23:33 JFB】33. What is the burden—play on the double sense of the Hebrew: an oracle and a burden. They scoffingly ask, Has he got any new burden (burdensome oracle: for all his prophecies are disasters) to announce (말1:1)? Jeremiah indignantly repeats their own question, Do you ask, What burden? This, then, it is, "I will forsake you." My word is burdensome in your eyes, and you long to be rid if it. You shall get your wish. There will be no more prophecy: I will forsake you, and that will be a far worse "burden" to you.
【렘23:34 JFB】34. The burden—Whoever shall in mockery call the Lord's word "a burden," shall be visited (Margin) in wrath.
【렘23:35 JFB】35. The result of My judgments shall be, ye shall address the prophet more reverentially hereafter, no longer calling his message a burden, but a divine response or word. "What hath the Lordanswered?"
【렘23:36 JFB】36. every man's word … his burden—As they mockingly call all prophecies burdens, as if calamities were the sole subject of prophecy, so it shall prove to them. God will take them at their own word.
living God—not lifeless as their dumb idols, ever living so as to be able to punish.
【렘23:39 JFB】39. I will … forget you—just retribution for their forgetting Him (호4:6). But God cannot possibly forget His children (사49:15). Rather for "forget" translate, "I will altogether lift you up (like a 'burden,' alluding to their mocking term for God's messages) and cast you off." God makes their wicked language fall on their own head [Calvin]. Compare 렘23:36: "every man's word shall be his burden."
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