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■ 예레미야 11장
1. 여호와께로부터 예레미야에게 임한 말씀이라 가라사대
The word that came to Jeremiah from the Lord , saying ,
2. 너희는 이 언약의 말을 듣고 유다인과 예루살렘 거민에게 고하라
Hear ye the words of this covenant , and speak unto the men of Judah , and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem ;
3. 그들에게 이르기를 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와께서 이같이 말씀하시되 이 언약의 말을 좇지 않는 자는 저주를 받을 것이니라
And say thou unto them, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel ; Cursed be the man that obeyeth not the words of this covenant ,
4. 이 언약은 내가 너희 열조를 쇠풀무 애굽 땅에서 이끌어 내던 날에 그들에게 명한 것이라 곧 내가 이르기를 너희는 나의 목소리를 청종하고 나의 모든 명령을 좇아 행하라 그리하면 너희는 내 백성이 되겠고 나는 너희 하나님이 되리라
Which I commanded your fathers in the day that I brought them forth out of the land of Egypt , from the iron furnace , saying , Obey my voice , and do them, according to all which I command you: so shall ye be my people , and I will be your God :
5. 내가 또 너희 열조에게 한 맹세 곧 그들에게 젖과 꿀이 흐르는 땅을 주리라 한 언약을 이루리라 한 것인데 오늘날이 그것을 증거하느니라 하라 하시기로 내가 대답하여 가로되 아멘 여호와여 하였노라
That I may perform the oath which I have sworn unto your fathers , to give them a land flowing with milk and honey , as it is this day . Then answered I, and said , So be it , O Lord .
6. 여호와께서 내게 이르시되 너는 이 모든 말로 유다 성읍들과 예루살렘 거리에서 선포하여 이르기를 너희는 이 언약의 말을 듣고 준행하라
Then the Lord said unto me, Proclaim all these words in the cities of Judah , and in the streets of Jerusalem , saying , Hear ye the words of this covenant , and do them.
7. 내가 너희 열조를 애굽 땅에서 인도하여 낸 날부터 오늘까지 간절히 경계하며 부지런히 경계하기를 너희는 내 목소리를 청종하라 하였으나
For I earnestly protested unto your fathers in the day that I brought them up out of the land of Egypt , even unto this day , rising early and protesting , saying , Obey my voice .
8. 그들이 청종치 아니하며 귀를 기울이지도 아니하고 각각 그 악한 마음의 강퍅한 대로 행하였으므로 내가 그들에게 행하라 명하였어도 그들이 행치 아니한 이 언약의 모든 말로 그들에게 응하게 하였느니라 하라
Yet they obeyed not, nor inclined their ear , but walked every one in the imagination of their evil heart : therefore I will bring upon them all the words of this covenant , which I commanded them to do ; but they did them not.
9. 여호와께서 또 내게 이르시되 유다인과 예루살렘 거민 중에 반역이 있도다
And the Lord said unto me, A conspiracy is found among the men of Judah , and among the inhabitants of Jerusalem .
10. 그들이 내 말 듣기를 거절한 자기들의 선조의 죄악에 돌아가서 다른 신들을 좇아 섬겼은즉 이스라엘 집과 유다 집이 내가 그 열조와 맺은 언약을 파하였도다
They are turned back to the iniquities of their forefathers , which refused to hear my words ; and they went after other gods to serve them: the house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers .
11. 그러므로 나 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 보라 내가 재앙을 그들에게 내리리니 그들이 피할 수 없을 것이라 그들이 내게 부르짖을 지라도 내가 듣지 아니할 것인즉
Therefore thus saith the Lord , Behold, I will bring evil upon them, which they shall not be able to escape ; and though they shall cry unto me, I will not hearken unto them.
12. 유다 성읍들과 예루살렘 거민이 그 분향하는 신들에게 가서 부르짖을지라도 그 신들이 그 곤액 중에서 절대로 그들을 구원치 못하리라
Then shall the cities of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem go , and cry unto the gods unto whom they offer incense : but they shall not save them at all in the time of their trouble .
13. 유다야 네 신들이 네 성읍의 수효와 같도다 너희가 예루살렘 거리의 수효대로 그 수치되는 물건의 단 곧 바알에게 분향하는 단을 쌓았도다
For according to the number of thy cities were thy gods , O Judah ; and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem have ye set up altars to that shameful thing , even altars to burn incense unto Baal .
14. 그러므로 너는 이 백성을 위하여 기도하지 말라 그들을 위하여 부르짖거나 구하지 말라 그들이 그 곤액을 인하여 내게 부르짖을 때에 내가 그들을 듣지 아니하리라
Therefore pray not thou for this people , neither lift up a cry or prayer for them: for I will not hear them in the time that they cry unto me for their trouble .
15. 나의 사랑하는 자가 많이 행음하였으므로 거룩한 제육이 그에게서 떠났거늘 나의 집에서 무엇을 하는고 그가 악을 행하며 기뻐하도다
What hath my beloved to do in mine house , seeing she hath wrought lewdness with many , and the holy flesh is passed from thee? when thou doest evil , then thou rejoicest .
16. 나 여호와가 그 이름을 일컬어 좋은 행실 맺는 아름다운 푸른 감람나무라 하였었으나 큰 소동 중에 그 위에 불을 피웠고 그 가지는 꺾였도다
The Lord called thy name , A green olive tree , fair , and of goodly fruit : with the noise of a great tumult he hath kindled fire upon it, and the branches of it are broken .
17. 바알에게 분향함으로 나의 노를 격동한 이스라엘 집과 유다 집의 악을 인하여 그를 심은 만군의 여호와 내가 그에게 재앙을 선언하였느니라
For the Lord of hosts , that planted thee, hath pronounced evil against thee, for the evil of the house of Israel and of the house of Judah , which they have done against themselves to provoke me to anger in offering incense unto Baal .
18. 여호와께서 내게 알게 하셨으므로 내가 그것을 알았나이다 그 때에 주께서 그들의 행위를 내게 보이셨나이다
And the Lord hath given me knowledge of it, and I know it: then thou shewedst me their doings .
19. 나는 끌려서 잡히러 가는 순한 어린 양과 같으므로 그들이 나를 해하려고 꾀하기를 우리가 그 나무와 과실을 함께 박멸하자 그를 산 자의 땅에서 끊어서 그 이름으로 다시 기억되지 못하게 하자 함을 내가 알지 못하였나이다
But I was like a lamb or an ox that is brought to the slaughter ; and I knew not that they had devised devices against me, saying, Let us destroy the tree with the fruit thereof, and let us cut him off from the land of the living , that his name may be no more remembered .
20. 공의로 판단하시며 사람의 심장을 감찰하시는 만군의 여호와여 나의 원정을 주께 아뢰었사오니 그들에게 대한 주의 보수를 내가 보리이다 하였더니
But, O Lord of hosts , that judgest righteously , that triest the reins and the heart , let me see thy vengeance on them: for unto thee have I revealed my cause .
21. 여호와께서 아나돗 사람들에 대하여 이같이 말씀하시되 그들이 네 생명을 취하려고 찾아 이르기를 너는 여호와의 이름으로 예언하지 말라 두렵건대 우리 손에 죽을까 하노라 하도다
Therefore thus saith the Lord of the men of Anathoth , that seek thy life , saying , Prophesy not in the name of the Lord , that thou die not by our hand :
22. 그러므로 만군의 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 보라 내가 그들을 벌하리니 청년들은 칼에 죽으며 자녀들은 기근에 죽고
Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts , Behold, I will punish them: the young men shall die by the sword ; their sons and their daughters shall die by famine :
23. 남는 자가 없으리라 내가 아나돗 사람에게 재앙을 내리리니 곧 그들을 벌할 해에니라
And there shall be no remnant of them: for I will bring evil upon the men of Anathoth , even the year of their visitation .
■ 주석 보기
【렘11:1 JFB】렘11:1-23. Epitome of the Covenant Found in the Temple in Josiah's Reign. Judah's Revolt from It, and God's Consequent Wrath.
【렘11:1 CWC】[PERSECUTED IN HIS HOME TOWN]
The length of this lesson may alarm, but preparation for it only requires the reading of the chapters two or three times. One who has gone through Isaiah will soon catch the drift of the Spirit's teaching and be able to break up the chapters into separate discourses and the discourses into their various themes. The main object of the lesson is to dwell on the prophet's personal experience in his home town which is reached in the closing chapters.
It is thought that the discourses in this section were delivered prior to the finding of the law-book in 2 Kings, which explains their more moderate tone as compared with the later ones, but this is a feature not relevant to this work.
Note in chapter 2 the divine expostulation (vv. 1-13); the reminder of the divine goodness (vv. 14-22); the vain excuses made by the nation (vv. 23-28); and the lamentation of the Lord over its condition (v. 29-3:5).
In chapter 3, beginning afresh at verse 6, we have God's complaint against Judah for learning nothing from "her treacherous sister," i. e., from Israel's experience (vv. 6-11); this is followed by a plea to that same Israel (now scattered through the north country by Assyria), to return if she would, and mercy would be shown her. In this connection the promise for the future is set before her (vv. 12-17); Judah and Israel will be re-united then, and so on to chapter 4:1-2.
Chapter 4 and the following, indicate that a mere outward reformation is not sufficient to bring divine blessing. Judgment is coming from the north! "A lion out of his thicket!" "A stormwind!" The prophet laments.
In chapter 7 there is a call to repentance and a spiritual religion. In chapters 8 and 9 coming judgment is again announced.
The Treachery of Friends.
Coming to chapter 11:18, we see the beginnings of the persecution that farther on became so bitter against the prophet as to make him a striking type of the suffering Saviour. It takes its rise among his neighbors and kinfolk in Anathoth. At first he is unsuspicious, but God reveals the plot to him. They would kill him, destroying the tree to be rid of the fruit. He appeals to God, whose answer is in the closing verses of the chapter. Anathoth was to suffer, but not immediately.
In chapter 12 the prophet expresses his surprise at this in the spirit of Job, and that of Psalms 37 and 73. The divine comfort he receives is to be told that worse things will follow. His friend Josiah is now on the throne, but wait till he is gone and Jehoiakim and Zedekiah reign! Tie is now like a man running a race with men, but then it will be like running a race with horses! He is dwelling in a land of comparative peace now, but then he will be in "the swellings of Jordan."
To understand this keep the politics of the period in mind. Judah is turning to Egypt for help against Babylon, the Gentile nation now in great power. But the divine purpose is that she shall submit herself to the yoke of Babylon. The prophet is proclaiming this against a strong party in the nation that will not have it so. They consider him a pessimist, a traitor to his country who must be silenced. And silenced he would have been if it were not for God.
【렘11:1 MHCC】 The disobedient Jews reproved. (렘11:1-10) Their utter ruin. (렘11:11-17) The people would be destroyed who sought the prophet's life. (렘11:18-23)
렘11:1-10 God never promised to bestow blessings on his rational creatures, while they persist in wilful disobedience. Pardon and acceptance are promised freely to all believers; but no man can be saved who does not obey the command of God to repent, to believe in Christ, to separate from sin and the world, to choose self-denial and newness of life. In general, men will hearken to those who speak of doctrines, promises, and privileges; but when duties are mentioned, they will not bend their ear.
렘11:11-17 Evil pursues sinners, and entangles them in snares, out of which they cannot free themselves. Now, in their distress, their many gods and many altars stand them in no stead. And those whose own prayers will not be heard, cannot expect benefit from the prayers of others. Their profession of religion shall prove of no use. When trouble came upon them, they made this their confidence, but God has rejected it. His altar shall yield them no satisfaction. The remembrance of God's former favours to them shall be no comfort under troubles; and his remembrance of them shall be no argument for their relief. Every sin against the Lord is a sin against ourselves, and so it will be found sooner or later.
렘11:18-23 The prophet Jeremiah tells much concerning himself, the times he lived in being very troublesome. Those of his own city plotted how they might cause his death. They thought to end his days, but he outlived most of his enemies; they thought to blast his memory, but it lives to this day, and will be blessed while time lasts. God knows all the secret designs of his and his people's enemies, and can, when he pleases, make them known. God's justice is a terror to the wicked, but a comfort to the godly. When we are wronged, we have a God to commit our cause to, and it is our duty to commit it to him. We should also look well to our own spirits, that we are not overcome with evil, but that by patient continuance in praying for our enemies, and in kindness to them, we may overcome evil with good.
【렘11:2 JFB】2. this covenant—alluding to the book of the law (신31:26) found in the temple by Hilkiah the high priest, five years after Jeremiah's call to the prophetic office (왕하22:8-23:25).
Hear ye—Others besides Jeremiah were to promulgate God's will to the people; it was the duty of the priests to read the law to them (말2:7).
【렘11:3 JFB】3. (신27:26; 갈3:10).
【렘11:4 JFB】4. in the day—that is, when. The Sinaitic covenant was made some time after the exodus, but the two events are so connected as to be viewed as one.
iron furnace—(신4:20; 왕상8:51). "Furnace" expresses the searching ordeal; "iron," the long duration of it. The furnace was of earth, not of iron (시12:6); a furnace, in heat and duration enough to melt even iron. God's deliverance of them from such an ordeal aggravates their present guilt.
do them—namely, the words of the covenant (렘11:3).
so, &c.—(레26:3, 12).
【렘11:5 JFB】5. oath—(시105:9, 10).
a land flowing with milk and honey—(See on 민14:8).
as it is this day—These are the concluding words of God to the Israelites when formerly brought out of Egypt, "Obey … that I may at this time make good the promise I made to your fathers, to give," &c. [Maurer]. English Version makes the words apply to Jeremiah's time, "As ye know at this time, that God's promise has been fulfilled," namely, in Israel's acquisition of Canaan.
So be it—Hebrew, Amen. Taken from 신27:15-26. Jeremiah hereby solemnly concurs in the justice of the curses pronounced there (see 렘11:3).
【렘11:6 JFB】6. Jeremiah was to take a prophetic tour throughout Judah, to proclaim everywhere the denunciations in the book of the law found in the temple.
Hear … do—(롬2:13; 약1:22).
【렘11:7 JFB】7. rising early—(렘7:13).
【렘11:8 JFB】8. imagination—rather, "stubbornness."
will bring—The words, "even unto this day" (렘11:7), confirm English Version rather than the rendering of Rosenmuller: "I brought upon them."
words—threats (렘11:3; 신27:15-26).
【렘11:9 JFB】9. conspiracy—a deliberate combination against God and against Josiah's reformation. Their idolatry is not the result of a hasty impulse (시83:5; 겔22:25).
【렘11:11 JFB】11. cry unto me—contrasted with "cry unto the gods," (렘11:12).
not hearken—(시18:41; 잠1:28; 사1:15; 미3:4).
【렘11:12 JFB】12. cry unto the gods … not save—(신32:37, 38). Compare this verse and beginning of 렘11:13; 렘2:28.
in the time of their trouble—that is, calamity (렘2:27).
【렘11:13 JFB】13. shameful thing—Hebrew, "shame," namely, the idol, not merely shameful, but the essence of all that is shameful (렘3:24; 호9:10), which will bring shame and confusion on yourselves [Calvin].
【렘11:14 JFB】14. There is a climax of guilt which admits of no further intercessory prayer (출32:10, in the Chaldee version, "leave off praying"; 렘7:16; 삼상16:1; 15:35; 요일5:16). Our mind should be at one with God in all that He is doing, even in the rejection of the reprobate.
for their trouble—on account of their trouble. Other manuscripts read, "in the time of their trouble;" a gloss from 렘11:12.
【렘11:15 JFB】15. my beloved—My elect people, Judea; this aggravates their ingratitude (렘12:7).
lewdness with many—(겔16:25). Rather, "that great (or, manifold) enormity"; literally, "the enormity, the manifold"; namely, their idolatry, which made their worship of God in the temple a mockery (compare 렘7:10; 겔23:39) [Henderson].
holy flesh—(학2:12-14; 딛1:15), namely, the sacrifices, which, through the guilt of the Jews, were no longer holy, that is, acceptable to God. The sacrifices on which they relied will, therefore, no longer protect them. Judah is represented as a priest's wife, who, by adultery, has forfeited her share in the flesh of the sacrifices, and yet boasts of her prerogative at the very same time [Horsley].
when thou doest evil—literally, "when thy evil" (is at hand). Piscator translates, "When thy calamity is at hand (according to God's threats), thou gloriest" (against God, instead of humbling thyself). English Version is best (compare 잠2:14).
【렘11:16 JFB】16. called thy name—made thee.
olive—(시52:8; 롬11:17). The "olive" is chosen to represent the adoption of Judah by the free grace of God, as its oil is the image of richness (compare 시23:5; 104:15).
with … noise of … tumult—or, "at the noise," &c., namely, at the tumult of the invading army (사13:4) [Maurer]. Or, rather, "with the sound of a mighty voice," namely, that of God, that is, the thunder; thus there is no confusion of metaphors. The tree stricken with lightning has "fire kindled upon it, and the branches are broken," at one and the same time [Houbigant].
【렘11:17 JFB】17. that planted thee—(렘2:21; 사5:2).
against themselves—The sinner's sin is to his own hurt (see on 렘7:19).
【렘11:18 JFB】18, 19. Jeremiah here digresses to notice the attempt on his life plotted by his townsmen of Anathoth. He had no suspicion of it, until Jehovah revealed it to him (렘12:6).
the Lord … thou—The change of person from the third to the second accords with the excited feelings of the prophet.
then—when I was in peril of my life.
their doings—those of the men of Anathoth. His thus alluding to them, before he has mentioned their name, is due to his excitement.
【렘11:19 JFB】19. lamb—literally, a "pet lamb," such as the Jews often had in their houses, for their children to play with; and the Arabs still have (삼하12:3). His own familiar friends had plotted against the prophet. The language is exactly the same as that applied to Messiah (사53:7). Each prophet and patriarch exemplified in his own person some one feature or more in the manifold attributes and sufferings of the Messiah to come; just as the saints have done since His coming (갈2:20; 빌3:10; 골1:24). This adapted both the more experimentally to testify of Christ.
devices—(렘18:18).
tree with … fruit—literally, "in its fruit" or "food," that is, when it is in fruit. Proverbial, to express the destruction of cause and effect together. The man is the tree; his teaching, the fruit. Let us destroy the prophet and his prophecies; namely, those threatening destruction to the nation, which offended them. Compare 마7:17, which also refers to prophets and their doctrines.
【렘11:20 JFB】20. triest … heart—(계2:23).
revealed—committed my cause. Jeremiah's wish for vengeance was not personal but ministerial, and accorded with God's purpose revealed to him against the enemies alike of God and of His servant (시37:34; 54:7; 112:8; 118:7).
【렘11:21 JFB】21. Prophesy not—(사30:10; 암2:12; 미2:6). If Jeremiah had not uttered his denunciatory predictions, they would not have plotted against him. None were more bitter than his own fellow townsmen. Compare the conduct of the Nazarites towards Jesus of Nazareth (Lu 4:24-29).
【렘11:22 JFB】22. The retribution of their intended murder shall be in kind; just as in Messiah's case (시69:8-28).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.