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■ 역대하 19장
1. 유다 왕 여호사밧이 평안히 예루살렘에 돌아와서 그 궁으로 들어가니라
And Jehoshaphat the king of Judah returned to his house in peace to Jerusalem .
2. 하나니의 아들 선견자 예후가 나가서 여호사밧 왕을 맞아 가로되 왕이 악한 자를 돕고 여호와를 미워하는 자를 사랑하는 것이 가하니이까 그러므로 여호와께로서 진노하심이 왕에게 임하리이다
And Jehu the son of Hanani the seer went out to meet him, and said to king Jehoshaphat , Shouldest thou help the ungodly , and love them that hate the Lord ? therefore is wrath upon thee from before the Lord .

3. 그러나 왕에게 선한 일도 있으니 이는 왕이 아세라 목상들을 이 땅에서 없이하고 마음을 오로지하여 하나님을 찾음이니이다 하였더라
Nevertheless there are good things found in thee, in that thou hast taken away the groves out of the land , and hast prepared thine heart to seek God .
4. 여호사밧이 예루살렘에 거하더니 나가서 브엘세바에서부터 에브라임 산지까지 민간에 순행하며 저희를 그 열조의 하나님 여호와께로 돌아오게 하고
And Jehoshaphat dwelt at Jerusalem : and he went out again through the people from Beer–sheba to mount Ephraim , and brought them back unto the Lord God of their fathers .
5. 또 유다 온 나라 견고한 성에 재판관을 세우되 성마다 있게 하고
And he set judges in the land throughout all the fenced cities of Judah , city by city ,
6. 재판관에게 이르되 너희는 행하는 바를 삼가하라 너희의 재판하는 것이 사람을 위함이 아니요 여호와를 위함이니 너희가 재판할 때에 여호와께서 너희와 함께 하실지라
And said to the judges , Take heed what ye do : for ye judge not for man , but for the Lord , who is with you in the judgment .
7. 그런즉 너희는 여호와를 두려워하는 마음으로 삼가 행하라 우리의 하나님 여호와께서는 불의함도 없으시고 편벽됨도 없으시고 뇌물을 받으심도 없으시니라
Wherefore now let the fear of the Lord be upon you; take heed and do it: for there is no iniquity with the Lord our God , nor respect of persons , nor taking of gifts .
8. 여호사밧이 또 예루살렘에서 레위 사람과 제사장과 이스라엘 족장 중에서 사람을 세워 여호와께 속한 일과 예루살렘 거민의 모든 송사를 재판하게 하고
Moreover in Jerusalem did Jehoshaphat set of the Levites , and of the priests , and of the chief of the fathers of Israel , for the judgment of the Lord , and for controversies , when they returned to Jerusalem .
9. 저희에게 명하여 가로되 너희는 여호와를 경외하고 충의와 성심으로 이 일을 행하라
And he charged them, saying , Thus shall ye do in the fear of the Lord , faithfully , and with a perfect heart .
10. 무릇 어느 성읍에 거한 너희 형제가 혹 피를 흘림이나 혹 율법이나 계명이나 율례나 규례를 인하여 너희에게 와서 송사하거든 저희를 경계하여 여호와께 죄를 얻지 않게 하여 너희와 너희 형제에게 진노하심이 임하지 말게 하라 너희가 이렇게 행하면 죄가 없으리라
And what cause soever shall come to you of your brethren that dwell in their cities , between blood and blood , between law and commandment , statutes and judgments , ye shall even warn them that they trespass not against the Lord , and so wrath come upon you, and upon your brethren : this do , and ye shall not trespass .
11. 여호와께 속한 모든 일에는 대제사장 아마랴가 너희를 다스리고 왕에게 속한 모든 일은 유다 지파의 어른 이스마엘의 아들 스바댜가 다스리고 레위 사람들은 너희 앞에 관리가 되리라 너희는 힘써 행하라 여호와께서 선한 자와 함께 하실지로다 하니라
And, behold, Amariah the chief priest is over you in all matters of the Lord ; and Zebadiah the son of Ishmael , the ruler of the house of Judah , for all the king’s matters : also the Levites shall be officers before you. Deal courageously , and the Lord shall be with the good .
■ 주석 보기
【대하19:1 JFB】대하19:1-4. Jehoshaphat Visits His Kingdom.
1-4. Jehoshaphat … returned to his house in peace—(See 대하18:16). Not long after he had resumed the ordinary functions of royalty in Jerusalem, he was one day disturbed by an unexpected and ominous visit from a prophet of the Lord [대하19:2]. This was Jehu, of whose father we read in 대하16:7. He himself had been called to discharge the prophetic office in Israel. But probably for his bold rebuke to Baasha (왕상16:1), he had been driven by that arbitrary monarch within the territory of Judah, where we now find him with the privileged license of his order, taking the same religious supervision of Jehoshaphat's proceedings as he had formerly done of Baasha's. At the interview here described, he condemned, in the strongest terms, the king of Judah's imprudent and incongruous league with Ahab—God's open enemy (왕상22:2)—as an unholy alliance that would be conducive neither to the honor and comfort of his house nor to the best interests of his kingdom. He apprised Jehoshaphat that, on account of that grave offense, "wrath was upon him from before the Lord," a judgment that was inflicted soon after (see on 대하20:1-37). The prophet's rebuke, however, was administered in a mingled strain of severity and mildness; for he interposed "a nevertheless" (대하19:3), which implied that the threatened storm would be averted, in token of the divine approval of his public efforts for the promotion of the true religion, as well as of the sincere piety of his personal character and life.
【대하19:1 CWC】[REHOBOAM AND JEHOSHAPHAT]
1. Rehoboam, cc. 10-12.
The story of the rejected counsel of the older men and what came of it (c. 10) is practically as in 1 Kings 12, and furnishes an illustration of the relation of divine sovereignty to human free agency.
The fortification of Judah's cities against Israel (c. 11) was dwelt upon in the earlier books, as well as the return of the priests and Levites to Jerusalem.
Rehoboam's "wise" action (v. 23) is to be taken in the political sense. He thus gave his sons and grandsons something to do, each having a measure of independence, and being kept sufficiently apart from the others to lessen the likelihood of a cabal against the heir to the kingdom.
How long did Rehoboam remain faithful to God (11:17 and 12:1)? What punishment was inflicted for his infidelity (vv. 2-4)? How is God's goodness shown to him (v. 5), and with what result (vv. 6-8)? Note verse eight carefully. How much better to serve God than His enemies, but what bitter experience is necessary to teach this lesson (vv. 9-12). Note the reference to the heathen mother of Rehoboam (v. 13), and the reason for its record (v. 14), as showing her baneful influence on her son.
Speaking of the punishment which befell Rehoboam and Judah from Egypt, it is interesting that its record is found to-day on the walls of the Egyptian palace at Karnak. Carved nearly three millenniums ago, it is there still an impressive corroboration of Holy Writ.
2. Abijah and Asa, cc. 13-16.
These kings may be coupled, as the record of the first-named is brief. Verse two of chapter 13 does not contradict verse 20 of chapter 11, since "Michaiah" and "Maachah" are the same, and as "the daughter of Uriel," she was the grand-daughter of Absalom. Such general statements are common in the Hebrew text, and it is impossible to consider each of them.
The numbers in verse three are immense, but compare 대상21:5. The harangue of Abijah (vv. 4-12), except in its character and terms, suggests that of the Assyrian commander before Jerusalem (2 Kings 18), and seems to have been a custom in ancient warfare. What advantage is taken of this delay (vv. 13, 14)? What prevented a rout of Judah (v. 15)? How terrific was Israel's punishment (v. 17)? What was its effect in the subsequent history of Abijah's reign (v. 20)?
How far did this victory show its effects in Asa's reign (14:1)? What was his religious character (vv. 2-5)? For certain qualifications of these words compare the latter half of chapter 16. The statement in verse eight is to be taken in our sense of militia rather than a standing army. Great as was this force, what could it have accomplished against the Ethiopians (v. 9) but for God (vv. 11-14)? Which of his successors does Asa, in his faith, suggest? How is he further encouraged (15:1, 2)?
Note the story of a typical revival. Its need appears in verses 3-6, a people without God in the sense that they were without the teaching of His Word in power (v. 3), and therefore without peace (v. 5) and in affliction (v. 6). Its progress is set before us in verse eight -- courage, repentance, prayer. Its results, (vv. 9-15) -- the gathering of the people (vv. 9, 10), their offerings (v. 11), renewal of their covenant (v. 12), separation from the world (v. 13), joy and peace (v. 15). Its cause is revealed in the opening of the chapter as (1) the Spirit of God, (2) the man of God, (3) the Word of God, (4) the work of God (vv. 1, 2 and 7). O, that history would repeat itself in our day; or rather that God would once more pour out His Holy Spirit upon some prophet through whom His word would have potency as of old!
It is a mystery that Asa with such an experience should act as in chapter 16, except as we recognize the same inconsistency in ourselves. Sin makes fools of us all. As there is some confusion in the chronology here, however, it is uncertain just when this event occurred. (Compare verse one with 왕상5:33.)
It is not a sin in itself to seek a physician's aid (v. 12), but an Egyptian physician such as Asa consulted doubtless used demoniacal charms and incantations forbidden by the law of God. It is the same now. An honest physician who heals in accordance with the well understood principles of therapy may be consulted by any Christian without sin; but it is different with a "New Thought" healer, a palmist, a hypnotist, a spiritualist, a Christian Scientist, or other practitioner whose underlying philosophy is paganish and contrary to the Gospel.
The "very great burning" (v. 14) is supposed to refer to the cremation of the corpse, a custom which prevailed at that time among the Hebrews (compa계21:19, also 삼상31:12, 렘34:5 and 암6:10).
3. Jehoshaphat, cc. 17-20.
The story of this reign opens with the customary characterization of the king, which as we know from the book of Kings, was commendable, resulting in the divine blessing (17: -6). But in verses 7 to 11 something of special interest is recorded. The word "to" before each of the names should be omitted, for it was the princes themselves who were sent on this godly mission -- "the first practical measure adopted by any of the kings for the religious instruction of the people." No wonder such consequences should have resulted (vv. 10, 11). Here is the secret for a revival, viz: the instruction of the people in the Bible by the best men in the church. This is worth tons of sermons on civic righteousness and reforms, and no end of so-called evangelistic "campaigns," and religious "movements," which have so much of man in them and so little of God.
Verses 12-19 show that no monarch since Solomon equaled Jehoshaphat "in the extent of his revenue, the strength of his fortifications and the number of his troops." It pays to serve God.
Chapter 18 is the same as 1 Kings 22, which we considered in its place, commenting on the lapse it indicates. This lapse met its rebuke (19:2) and its punishment (c. 20). Note in the meantime 19:4, comparing again 17:7-11. And do not overlook 19:5-7. Judicial courts had been established earlier but here they are localized in the fenced cities. What a charge to the judges! It will be heard again when He comes who shall judge the people righteously! Verses 8-1 1 refer to a kind of supreme court established at Jerusalem.
Chapter 20 brings us face to face with a crisis in Judah (vv. 1, 2). How is it met by this pious king (vv. 3, 4)? Study the prayer, observing its argumentative character ending in an appeal (vv. 5-12). God loves to be thus argued with on the ground of His promises. Many such instances will be found later in the prophets. Compare Abraham (Gen, 18), and Moses (Exod. 32).
【대하19:1 MHCC】Jehoshaphat visits his kingdom.
—Whenever we return in peace to our houses, we ought to acknowledge God's providence in preserving our going out and coming in. And if we have been kept through more than common dangers, we are, in a special manner, bound to be thankful. Distinguishing mercies lay us under strong obligations. The prophet tells Jehoshaphat he had done very ill in joining Ahab. He took the reproof well. See the effect the reproof had upon him. He strictly searched his own kingdom. By what the prophet said, Jehoshaphat perceived that his former attempts for reformation were well-pleasing to God; therefore he did what was then left undone. It is good when commendations quicken us to our duty. There are diversities of gifts and operations, but all from the same Spirit, and for the public good; and as every one has received the gift, so let him minister the same. Blessed be God for magistrates and ministers, scribes and statesmen, men of books, and men of business. Observe the charge the king gave. They must do all in the fear of the Lord, with a perfect, upright heart. And they must make it their constant care to prevent sin, as an offence to God, and what would bring wrath on the people.
【대하19:4 JFB】4. he went out again through the people—This means his reappointing the commissioners of public instruction (대하17:7-9), perhaps with new powers and a larger staff of assistants to overtake every part of the land. The complement of teachers required for that purpose would be easily obtained because the whole tribe of Levites was now concentrated within the kingdom of Judah.
【대하19:5 JFB】대하19:5-7. His Instructions to the Judges.
5-7. he set judges in the land—There had been judicial courts established at an early period. But Jehoshaphat was the first king who modified these institutions according to the circumstances of the now fragmentary kingdom of Judah. He fixed local courts in each of the fortified cities, these being the provincial capitals of every district (see on 신16:18).
【대하19:8 JFB】대하19:8-11. To the Priests and Levites.
8. set of the Levites … priests, and of the chief of the fathers of Israel—A certain number of these three classes constituted a supreme court, which sat in Jerusalem to review appellate cases from the inferior courts. It consisted of two divisions: the first of which had jurisdiction in ecclesiastical matters; the second, in civil, fiscal, and criminal cases. According to others, the two divisions of the supreme court adjudicated: the one according to the law contained in the sacred books; the other according to the law of custom and equity. As in Eastern countries at the present day, the written and unwritten law are objects of separate jurisdiction.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.