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■ 역대상 4장
1. 유다의 아들들은 베레스와 헤스론과 갈미와 훌과 소발이라
The sons of Judah ; Pharez , Hezron , and Carmi , and Hur , and Shobal .
2. 소발의 아들 르아야는 야핫을 낳았고 야핫은 아후매와 라핫을 낳았으니 이는 소라 사람의 족속이며
And Reaiah the son of Shobal begat Jahath ; and Jahath begat Ahumai , and Lahad . These are the families of the Zorathites .
3. 에담 조상의 자손들은 이스르엘과 이스마와 잇바스와 저희의 매제 하술렐보니와
And these were of the father of Etam ; Jezreel , and Ishma , and Idbash : and the name of their sister was Hazelelponi :
4. 그들의 아비 브누엘과 후사의 아비 에셀이니 이는 다 베들레헴의 아비 에브라다의 맏아들 훌의 소생이며
And Penuel the father of Gedor , and Ezer the father of Hushah . These are the sons of Hur , the firstborn of Ephratah , the father of Beth–lehem .
5. 드고아의 아비 아스훌의 두 아내는 헬라와 나아라라
And Ashur the father of Tekoa had two wives , Helah and Naarah .
6. 나아라는 그로 말미암아 아훗삼과 헤벨과 데므니와 하아하스다리를 낳았으니 이는 나아라의 소생이요
And Naarah bare him Ahuzam , and Hepher , and Temeni , and Haahashtari . These were the sons of Naarah .
7. 헬라의 아들들은 세렛과 이소할과 에드난이며
And the sons of Helah were, Zereth , and Jezoar , and Ethnan .
8. 고스는 아눕과 소베바와 하룸의 아들 아하헬 족속들을 낳았으며
And Coz begat Anub , and Zobebah , and the families of Aharhel the son of Harum .
9. 야베스는 그 형제보다 존귀한 자라 그 어미가 이름하여 야베스라 하였으니 이는 내가 수고로이 낳았다 함이었더라
And Jabez was more honourable than his brethren : and his mother called his name Jabez , saying , Because I bare him with sorrow .
10. 야베스가 이스라엘 하나님께 아뢰어 가로되 원컨대 주께서 내게 복에 복을 더하사 나의 지경을 넓히시고 주의 손으로 나를 도우사 나로 환난을 벗어나 근심이 없게 하옵소서 하였더니 하나님이 그 구하는 것을 허락하셨더라
And Jabez called on the God of Israel , saying , Oh that thou wouldest bless me indeed , and enlarge my coast , and that thine hand might be with me, and that thou wouldest keep me from evil , that it may not grieve me! And God granted him that which he requested .
11. 수하의 형 글룹이 므힐을 낳았으니 므힐은 에스돈의 아비요
And Chelub the brother of Shuah begat Mehir , which was the father of Eshton .
12. 에스돈은 베드라바와 바세아와 이르나하스의 아비 드힌나를 낳았으니 이는 다 레가 사람이며
And Eshton begat Beth–rapha , and Paseah , and Tehinnah the father of Ir–nahash . These are the men of Rechah .
13. 그나스의 아들들은 옷니엘과 스라야요 옷니엘의 아들은 하닷이며
And the sons of Kenaz ; Othniel , and Seraiah : and the sons of Othniel ; Hathath .
14. 므오노대는 오브라를 낳았고 스라야는 요압을 낳았으니 요압은 게하라심의 조상이라 저희들은 공장이었더라
And Meonothai begat Ophrah : and Seraiah begat Joab , the father of the valley of Charashim ; for they were craftsmen .
15. 여분네의 아들 갈렙의 자손은 이루와 엘라와 나암과 엘라의 자손과 그나스요
And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh ; Iru , Elah , and Naam : and the sons of Elah , even Kenaz .
16. 여할렐렐의 아들은 십과 시바와 디리아와 아사렐이요
And the sons of Jehaleleel ; Ziph , and Ziphah , Tiria , and Asareel .
17. 에스라의 아들들은 예델과 메렛과 에벨과 얄론이며 메렛은 미리암과 삼매와 에스도모아의 조상 이스바를 낳았으니
And the sons of Ezra were, Jether , and Mered , and Epher , and Jalon : and she bare Miriam , and Shammai , and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa .
18. 이는 메렛의 취한 바로의 딸 비디아의 아들들이며 또 그 아내 여후디야는 그돌의 조상 예렛과 소고의 조상 헤벨과 사노아의 조상 여구디엘을 낳았으며
And his wife Jehudijah bare Jered the father of Gedor , and Heber the father of Socho , and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah . And these are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh , which Mered took .
19. 나함의 누이인 호디야의 아내의 아들들은 가미 사람 그일라의 아비와 마아가 사람 에스드모아며
And the sons of his wife Hodiah the sister of Naham , the father of Keilah the Garmite , and Eshtemoa the Maachathite .
20. 시몬의 아들들은 암논과 린나와 벤하난과 딜론이요 이시의 아들들은 소헷과 벤소헷이더라
And the sons of Shimon were, Amnon , and Rinnah , Ben–hanan , and Tilon . And the sons of Ishi were, Zoheth , and Ben–zoheth .
21. 유다의 아들 셀라의 자손은 레가의 아비 에르와 마레사의 아비 라아다와 세마포 짜는 자의 집 곧 아스베야의 집 족속과
The sons of Shelah the son of Judah were, Er the father of Lecah , and Laadah the father of Mareshah , and the families of the house of them that wrought fine linen , of the house of Ashbea ,
22. 또 요김과 고세바 사람들과 요아스와 모압을 다스리던 사람과 야수비네헴이니 이는 다 옛 기록에 의지한 것이라
And Jokim , and the men of Chozeba , and Joash , and Saraph , who had the dominion in Moab , and Jashubi–lehem . And these are ancient things .
23. 이 모든 사람은 옹기장이가 되어 수풀과 산울 가운데 거하는 자로서 거기서 왕과 함께 거하여 왕의 일을 하였더라
These were the potters , and those that dwelt among plants and hedges : there they dwelt with the king for his work .
24. 시므온의 아들들은 느무엘과 야민과 야립과 세라와 사울이요
The sons of Simeon were, Nemuel , and Jamin , Jarib , Zerah , and Shaul :
25. 사울의 아들은 살룸이요 그 아들은 밉삼이요 그 아들은 미스마요
Shallum his son , Mibsam his son , Mishma his son .
26. 미스마의 아들은 함무엘이요 그 아들은 삭굴이요 그 아들은 시므이라
And the sons of Mishma ; Hamuel his son , Zacchur his son , Shimei his son .
27. 시므이는 아들 열여섯과 딸 여섯이 있으나 그 형제에게는 자녀가 몇이 못되니 그 온 족속이 유다 자손처럼 번성하지 못하였더라
And Shimei had sixteen sons and six daughters ; but his brethren had not many children , neither did all their family multiply , like to the children of Judah .
28. 시므온 자손의 거한 곳은 브엘세바와 몰라다와 하살수알과
And they dwelt at Beer–sheba , and Moladah , and Hazar–shual ,
29. 빌하와 에셈과 돌랏과
And at Bilhah , and at Ezem , and at Tolad ,
30. 브두엘과 호르마와 시글락과
And at Bethuel , and at Hormah , and at Ziklag ,
31. 벧말가봇과 하살수심과 벧비리와 사아라임이니 다윗 왕 때까지 이 모든 성읍이 저희에게 속하였으며
And at Beth–marcaboth , and Hazar–susim , and at Beth–birei , and at Shaaraim . These were their cities unto the reign of David .
32. 그 향촌은 에담과 아인과 림몬과 도겐과 아산 다섯 성읍이요
And their villages were, Etam , and Ain , Rimmon , and Tochen , and Ashan , five cities :
33. 또 그 각 성읍 사면에 촌이 있어 바알까지 미쳤으니 시므온 자손의 주소가 이러하고 각기 보계가 있더라
And all their villages that were round about the same cities , unto Baal . These were their habitations , and their genealogy .
34. 또 메소밥과 야믈렉과 아마시야의 아들 요사와
And Meshobab , and Jamlech , and Joshah the son of Amaziah ,
35. 요엘과 아시엘의 증손 스라야의 손자 요시비야의 아들 예후와
And Joel , and Jehu the son of Josibiah , the son of Seraiah , the son of Asiel ,
36. 또 엘료에내와 야아고바와 여소하야와 아사야와 아디엘과 여시미엘과 브나야와
And Elioenai , and Jaakobah , and Jeshohaiah , and Asaiah , and Adiel , and Jesimiel , and Benaiah ,
37. 또 스마야의 오대손 시므리의 현손 여다야의 증손 알론의 손자 시비의 아들 시사니
And Ziza the son of Shiphi , the son of Allon , the son of Jedaiah , the son of Shimri , the son of Shemaiah ;
38. 이 위에 녹명된 자는 다 그 본족의 족장이라 그 종족이 더욱 번성한지라
These mentioned by their names were princes in their families : and the house of their fathers increased greatly .
39. 저희가 그 양떼를 위하여 목장을 구하고자 하여 골짜기 동편 그돌 지경에 이르러
And they went to the entrance of Gedor , even unto the east side of the valley , to seek pasture for their flocks .
40. 아름답고 기름진 목장을 발견하였는데 그 땅이 광활하고 안정하니 이는 옛적부터 거기 거한 사람은 함의 자손인 까닭이라
And they found fat pasture and good , and the land was wide , and quiet , and peaceable ; for they of Ham had dwelt there of old .
41. 이 위에 녹명된 자가 유다 왕 히스기야 때에 가서 저희의 장막을 쳐서 파하고 거기 있는 모우님 사람을 쳐서 진멸하고 대신하여 오늘까지 거기 거하였으니 이는 그 양떼를 먹일 목장이 거기 있음이며
And these written by name came in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah , and smote their tents , and the habitations that were found there, and destroyed them utterly unto this day , and dwelt in their rooms: because there was pasture there for their flocks .
42. 또 시므온 자손 중에 오백 명이 이시의 아들 블라댜와 느아랴와 르바야와 웃시엘로 두목을 삼고 세일 산으로 가서
And some of them, even of the sons of Simeon , five hundred men , went to mount Seir , having for their captains Pelatiah , and Neariah , and Rephaiah , and Uzziel , the sons of Ishi .
43. 피하여 남아 있는 아말렉 사람을 치고 오늘까지 거기 거하였더라
And they smote the rest of the Amalekites that were escaped , and dwelt there unto this day .
■ 주석 보기
【대상4:1 JFB】대상4:1-8. Posterity of Judah by Caleb the Son of Hur.
1. the sons of Judah—that is, "the descendants," for with the exception of Pharez, none of those here mentioned were his immediate sons. Indeed, the others are mentioned solely to introduce the name of Shobal, whose genealogy the historian intended to trace (대상2:52).
【대상4:1 CWC】[GENEALOGIES AND PEDIGREES]
1. Introductory.
With this begins the study of those historical books of the Old Testament written shortly after the return from the Babylonian captivity, the remainder of the series including 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther.
"Chronicles" means "diaries" or "journals," and the books give a recapitulation of sacred history from the time of Adam, in which the earlier books of the Old Testament are drawn upon and occasionally supplemented. The Holy Spirit, who is the real Author, has a right to do this when the occasion calls for it.
The closest relation exists between the Chronicles and Kings. The last-named were written, it is thought, by Jeremiah, and the first-named by a priest or Levite. Kings must have been compiled shortly after the people went into exile, Chronicles after their return. Kings deal more with the inner spiritual condition of things. Chronicles with the external modes of worship.
There are differences in the two records here and there. Not only are genealogies differently grouped, but names of places are changed, speeches of persons are presented from dissimilar aspects, religious festivals have more than one description given them, and things of that kind; but there is no contradiction not explainable by the changes incident to time, the later writer's point of view, the object in mind, negligent transcribing and the like.
Why Chronicles were written is difficult to say, but there must have been some good reason for going over the ground again, "some new aspect of the history to signalize, and some new lesson to convey to the people of God on returning from the captivity." What these things may be must appear as we proceed.
2. Subdivisions.
The first nine chapters contain the genealogies of the patriarchs, the twelve tribes, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem till the beginning of the kingdom, the purpose being to connect David, the great forerunner of the Messiah, as well as the priests and Levites of his time with the antediluvian patriarchs. They have been subdivided as follows:
(1) The Patriarchs from Adam to Jacob and Esau, with the descendants of the latter till the era of the Edomite kings, c. 1.
At first these names may not seem of importance to us, but we remember that the Holy Spirit caused them to be written and that is enough. And "when we know how to awaken them from their sleep, they do not remain so dead as they at first appear, but revive the most important traditions of the ancient nations and families, like the petrifactions and mountain strata of the earth, which rightly questioned, tell the history of long vanished ages."
{2) The Sons of Jacob, or the Generations of Judah till David, with the Latter's Posterity till Elioenai and His Seven Sons, 2:1-4:23.
In this we discover a biographic gem in the story of Jabez and his prayer (c. 4:9, 10) of whom we are told nothing further. Verse 10 has homiletic value in the three things for which Jabez prayed and which he received -- prosperity, power, and protection.
Another homiletic suggestion is in the words, "There they dwelt with the king for his work" (v. 23). These potters "that dwelt among plants and hedges," may have been artistic craftsmen adjacent to the royal gardens at Jerusalem, not merely in the reign of one king but all of them. Remains of these potteries have been found in recent times.
(3) The Descendants of Simeon and the Tribes East of the Jordan till the Assyrian Captivity, 4:24-5:26.
This division is interesting, as it records two conquests or migrations of the Simeonites (4:38-43), and corroborates what we learned earner about the small size of this tribe (compa계5:27 with Numbers 1-4 and 수19:1-9.) In the same way compare the reference to Reuben, Joseph and Judah, chapter 5:1, 2, with the earlier account in Genesis 49. Nor should we permit such an inspired comment as chapter 5:20 to escape us.
(4) The Levites and Their Locations, 6:1-81.
This division may be broken up, thus: The sons of Levi (vv. 1-3); the priests down to the captivity (vv. 4-15); the families of Gershom, Merari and Kohath (vv. 16-48); the office of Aaron and his line unto Ahimaaz (vv. 49-53); the cities of the priests and the Levites (vv. 54-81).
(5) The Remaining Tribes, cc. 7-8.
These tribes include Issachar (7:1-5); Benjamin (vv. 6-12); Naphtali (v. 13); Manasseh (vv. 14-19); Ephraim (vv. 20-29); Asher (vv. 30-40); the chief men of Benjamin (8:1-32); the house of Saul (vv. 33-40).
Two tribes are omitted, Dan and Zebulon, but why, no one can determine. In the case of Dan, perhaps, it is judicial punishment because of their early and almost total fall into idolatry. They are omitted again in the list of Revelation 8. Zebulon's omission is more difficult to explain. It was a small tribe, especially just before and after the exile, but it was the tribe whose territory included Nazareth where Jesus dwelt.
(6) The Inhabitants of Jerusalem Till the Times of the Kings, c. 9.
【대상4:1 MHCC】Genealogies.
—In this chapter we have a further account of Judah, the most numerous and most famous of all the tribes; also an account of Simeon. The most remarkable person in this chapter is Jabez. We are not told upon what account Jabez was more honourable than his brethren; but we find that he was a praying man. The way to be truly great, is to seek to do God's will, and to pray earnestly. Here is the prayer he made. Jabez prayed to the living and true God, who alone can hear and answer prayer; and, in prayer he regarded him as a God in covenant with his people. He does not express his promise, but leaves it to be understood; he was afraid to promise in his own strength, and resolved to devote himself entirely to God. Lord, if thou wilt bless me and keep me, do what thou wilt with me; I will be at thy command and disposal for ever. As the text reads it, this was the language of a most ardent and affectionate desire, Oh that thou wouldest bless me! Four things Jabez prayed for. 1. That God would bless him indeed. Spiritual blessings are the best blessings: God's blessings are real things, and produce real effects. 2. That He would enlarge his coast. That God would enlarge our hearts, and so enlarge our portion in himself, and in the heavenly Canaan, ought to be our desire and prayer. 3. That God's hand might be with him. God's hand with us, to lead us, protect us, strengthen us, and to work all our works in us and for us, is a hand all-sufficient for us. 4. That he would keep him from evil, the evil of sin, the evil of trouble, all the evil designs of his enemies, that they might not hurt, nor make him a Jabez indeed, a man of sorrow. God granted that which he requested. God is ever ready to hear prayer: his ear is not now heavy.
【대상4:9 JFB】대상4:9-20. Of Jabez, and His Prayer.
9, 10. Jabez—was, as many think, the son of Coz, or Kenaz, and is here eulogized for his sincere and fervent piety, as well, perhaps, as for some public and patriotic works which he performed. The Jewish writers affirm that he was an eminent doctor in the law, whose reputation drew so many scribes around him that a town was called by his name (대상2:55); and to the piety of his character this passage bears ample testimony. The memory of the critical circumstances which marked his birth was perpetuated in his name (compare 창35:15); and yet, in the development of his high talents or distinguished worth in later life, his mother must have found a satisfaction and delight that amply compensated for all her early trials. His prayer which is here recorded, and which, like Jacob's, is in the form of a vow (창28:20), seems to have been uttered when he was entering on an important or critical service, for the successful execution of which he placed confidence neither on his own nor his people's prowess, but looked anxiously for the aid and blessing of God. The enterprise was in all probability the expulsion of the Canaanites from the territory he occupied; and as this was a war of extermination, which God Himself had commanded, His blessing could be the more reasonably asked and expected in preserving them from all the evils to which the undertaking might expose him. In these words, "that it may not grieve me," and which might be more literally rendered, "that I may have no more sorrow," there is an allusion to the meaning of his name, Jabez, signifying "grief"; and the import of this petition is, Let me not experience the grief which my name implies, and which my sins may well produce.
【대상4:10 JFB】10. God granted him that which he requested—Whatever was the kind of undertaking which roused his anxieties, Jabez enjoyed a remarkable degree of prosperity, and God, in this instance, proved that He was not only the hearer, but the answerer of prayer.
【대상4:13 JFB】13. the sons of Kenaz—the grandfather of Caleb, who from that relationship is called a Kenezite (민32:12).
【대상4:14 JFB】14. Joab, the father of the valley of Carashim—literally, "the father of the inhabitants of the valley"—"the valley of craftsmen," as the word denotes. They dwelt together, according to a custom which, independently of any law, extensively prevails in Eastern countries for persons of the same trade to inhabit the same street or the same quarter, and to follow the same occupation from father to son, through many generations. Their occupation was probably that of carpenters, and the valley where they lived seems to have been in the neighborhood of Jerusalem (느11:35).
【대상4:17 JFB】17, 18. she bare Miriam—It is difficult, as the verses stand at present, to see who is meant. The following readjustment of the text clears away the obscurity: "These are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took, and she bare Miriam, and his wife Jehudijah bare Jezreel," &c.
【대상4:18 JFB】18. Jehudijah—"the Jewess," to distinguish her from his other wife, who was an Egyptian. This passage records a very interesting fact—the marriage of an Egyptian princess to a descendant of Caleb. The marriage must have taken place in the wilderness. The barriers of a different national language and national religion kept the Hebrews separate from the Egyptians; but they did not wholly prevent intimacies, and even occasional intermarriages between private individuals of the two nations. Before such unions, however, could be sanctioned, the Egyptian party must have renounced idolatry, and this daughter of Pharaoh, as appears from her name, had become a convert to the worship of the God of Israel.
【대상4:21 JFB】대상4:21-23. Posterity of Shelah.
21. Laadah … the father … of the house of them that wrought fine linen—Here, again, is another incidental evidence that in very early times certain trades were followed by particular families among the Hebrews, apparently in hereditary succession. Their knowledge of the art of linen manufacture had been, most probably, acquired in Egypt, where the duty of bringing up families to the occupations of their forefathers was a compulsory obligation, whereas in Israel, as in many parts of Asia to this day, it was optional, though common.
【대상4:22 JFB】22, 23. had the dominion in Moab, and Jashubi-lehem—"And these are ancient things" seems a strange rendering of a proper name; and, besides, it conveys a meaning that has no bearing on the record. The following improved translation has been suggested: "Sojourned in Moab, but returned to Beth-lehem and Adaberim-athekim. These and the inhabitants of Netaim and Gedera were potters employed by the king in his own work." Gedera or Gederoth, and Netaim, belonged to the tribe of Judah, and lay on the southeast border of the Philistines' territory (수15:36; 대하28:18).
【대상4:24 JFB】대상4:24-43. Of Simeon.
24. The sons of Simeon—They are classed along with those of Judah, as their possession was partly taken out of the extensive territory of the latter (수19:1). The difference in several particulars of the genealogy given here from that given in other passages is occasioned by some of the persons mentioned having more than one name [compare 창46:10; 출6:15; 민26:12].
【대상4:27 JFB】27. his brethren had not many children—(see 민1:22; 26:14).
【대상4:31 JFB】31-43. These were their cities unto the reign of David—In consequence of the sloth or cowardice of the Simeonites, some of the cities within their allotted territory were only nominally theirs. They were never taken from the Philistines until David's time, when, the Simeonites having forfeited all claim to them, he assigned them to his own tribe of Judah (삼상27:6).
【대상4:38 JFB】38, 39. increased greatly, and they went to the entrance of Gedor—Simeon having only a part of the land of Judah, they were forced to seek accommodation elsewhere; but their establishment in the new and fertile pastures of Gederah was soon broken up; for, being attacked by a band of nomad plunderers, they were driven from place to place till some of them effected by force a settlement on Mount Seir.
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