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■ 역대상 23장
1. 다윗이 나이 많아 늙으매 아들 솔로몬으로 이스라엘 왕을 삼고
So when David was old and full of days , he made Solomon his son king over Israel .
2. 이스라엘 모든 방백과 제사장과 레위 사람을 모았더라
And he gathered together all the princes of Israel , with the priests and the Levites .
3. 레위 사람은 삼십 세 이상으로 계수하였으니 모든 남자의 명수가 삼만 팔천인데
Now the Levites were numbered from the age of thirty years and upward : and their number by their polls , man by man , was thirty and eight thousand .
4. 그 중에 이만 사천은 여호와의 전 사무를 보살피는 자요 육천은 유사와 재판관이요
Of which , twenty and four thousand were to set forward the work of the house of the Lord ; and six thousand were officers and judges :
5. 사천은 문지기요 사천은 다윗의 찬송하기 위하여 지은 악기로 여호와를 찬송하는 자라
Moreover four thousand were porters ; and four thousand praised the Lord with the instruments which I made , said David, to praise therewith.
6. 다윗이 레위의 아들 게르손과 그핫과 므라리의 각 족속을 따라 그 반열을 나누었더라
And David divided them into courses among the sons of Levi , namely, Gershon , Kohath , and Merari .
7. 게르손 자손은 라단과 시므이라
Of the Gershonites were, Laadan , and Shimei .
8. 라단의 아들들은 족장 여히엘과 또 세담과 요엘 세 사람이요
The sons of Laadan ; the chief was Jehiel , and Zetham , and Joel , three .
9. 시므이의 아들들은 슬로밋과 하시엘과 하란 세 사람이니 이는 라단의 족장들이며
The sons of Shimei ; Shelomith , and Haziel , and Haran , three . These were the chief of the fathers of Laadan .
10. 또 시므이의 아들들은 야핫과 시나와 여우스와 브리아니 이 네 사람도 시므이의 아들이라
And the sons of Shimei were, Jahath , Zina , and Jeush , and Beriah . These four were the sons of Shimei .
11. 그 족장은 야핫이요 그 다음은 시사며 여우스와 브리아는 아들이 많지 아니하므로 저희와 한 족속으로 계수되었더라
And Jahath was the chief , and Zizah the second : but Jeush and Beriah had not many sons ; therefore they were in one reckoning , according to their father’s house .
12. 그핫의 아들들은 아므람과 이스할과 헤브론과 웃시엘 네 사람이라
The sons of Kohath ; Amram , Izhar , Hebron , and Uzziel , four .
13. 아므람의 아들들은 아론과 모세니 아론은 그 자손들과 함께 구별되어 몸을 성결케 하여 영원토록 지극히 거룩한 자가 되어 여호와 앞에 분향하며 섬기며 영원토록 그 이름을 받들어 축복하게 되었으며
The sons of Amram ; Aaron and Moses : and Aaron was separated , that he should sanctify the most holy things , he and his sons for ever , to burn incense before the Lord , to minister unto him, and to bless in his name for ever .
14. 하나님의 사람 모세의 아들들은 레위 지파 중에 기록되었으니
Now concerning Moses the man of God , his sons were named of the tribe of Levi .
15. 모세의 아들은 게르솜과 엘리에셀이라
The sons of Moses were, Gershom , and Eliezer .
16. 게르솜의 아들 중에 스브엘이 족장이 되었고
Of the sons of Gershom , Shebuel was the chief .
17. 엘리에셀의 아들은 족장 르하뱌라 엘리에셀이 이 외에는 다른 아들이 없고 르하뱌의 아들은 심히 많았으며
And the sons of Eliezer were, Rehabiah the chief . And Eliezer had none other sons ; but the sons of Rehabiah were very many .
18. 이스할의 아들은 족장 슬로밋이요
Of the sons of Izhar ; Shelomith the chief .
19. 헤브론의 아들들은 족장 여리야와 둘째 아마랴와 셋째 야하시엘과 넷째 여가므암이며
Of the sons of Hebron ; Jeriah the first , Amariah the second , Jahaziel the third , and Jekameam the fourth .
20. 웃시엘의 아들은 족장 미가와 그 다음 잇시야더라
Of the sons of Uzziel ; Michah the first , and Jesiah the second .
21. 므라리의 아들들은 마흘리와 무시요 마흘리의 아들들은 엘르아살과 기스라
The sons of Merari ; Mahli , and Mushi . The sons of Mahli ; Eleazar , and Kish .
22. 엘르아살이 아들이 없이 죽고 딸만 있더니 그 형제 기스의 아들이 저에게 장가 들었으며
And Eleazar died , and had no sons , but daughters : and their brethren the sons of Kish took them.
23. 무시의 아들들은 마흘리와 에델과 여레못 세 사람이더라
The sons of Mushi ; Mahli , and Eder , and Jeremoth , three .
24. 이는 다 레위 자손이니 그 종가를 따라 계수함을 입어 이름이 기록되고 여호와의 전에서 섬기는 일을 하는 이십 세 이상 된 족장들이라
These were the sons of Levi after the house of their fathers ; even the chief of the fathers , as they were counted by number of names by their polls , that did the work for the service of the house of the Lord , from the age of twenty years and upward .
25. 다윗이 이르기를 이스라엘 하나님 여호와께서 평강을 그 백성에게 주시고 예루살렘에 영원히 거하시나니
For David said , The Lord God of Israel hath given rest unto his people , that they may dwell in Jerusalem for ever :
26. 레위 사람이 다시는 성막과 그 가운데서 쓰는 모든 기구를 멜 것이 없다 한지라
And also unto the Levites ; they shall no more carry the tabernacle , nor any vessels of it for the service thereof.
27. 다윗의 유언대로 레위 자손이 이십 세 이상으로 계수되었으니
For by the last words of David the Levites were numbered from twenty years old and above :
28. 그 직분은 아론의 자손에게 수종들어 여호와의 전과 뜰과 골방에서 섬기고 또 모든 성물을 정결케 하는 일 곧 하나님의 전에서 섬기는 일과
Because their office was to wait on the sons of Aaron for the service of the house of the Lord , in the courts , and in the chambers , and in the purifying of all holy things , and the work of the service of the house of God ;
29. 또 진설병과 고운 가루의 소제물 곧 무교전병이나 남비에 지지는 것이나 반죽하는 것이나 또 모든 저울과 자를 맡고
Both for the shewbread , and for the fine flour for meat offering , and for the unleavened cakes , and for that which is baked in the pan , and for that which is fried , and for all manner of measure and size ;
30. 새벽과 저녁마다 서서 여호와께 축사하며 찬송하며
And to stand every morning to thank and praise the Lord , and likewise at even ;
31. 또 안식일과 초하루와 절기에 모든 번제를 여호와께 드리되 그 명하신 규례의 정한 수효대로 항상 여호와 앞에 드리며
And to offer all burnt sacrifices unto the Lord in the sabbaths , in the new moons , and on the set feasts , by number , according to the order commanded unto them, continually before the Lord :
32. 또 회막의 직무와 성소의 직무와 그 형제 아론 자손의 직무를 지켜 여호와의 전에서 수종드는 것이더라
And that they should keep the charge of the tabernacle of the congregation , and the charge of the holy place, and the charge of the sons of Aaron their brethren , in the service of the house of the Lord .
■ 주석 보기
【대상23:1 JFB】대상23:1. David Makes Solomon King.
1. when David was old … he made Solomon … king—This brief statement, which comprises the substance of 왕상1:32-48, is made here solely to introduce an account of the preparations carried on by David during the latter years of his life for providing a national place of worship.
【대상23:1 CWC】[DAVID'S REIGN]
1. The Downfall of Saul, c. 10.
In reading this chapter with whose general contents we became familiar in 1 Samuel 31, it is important to note the inspired comment at its close (vv.
13, 14).
2. David's Heroes, cc. 11, 12.
In the history of David in this book, the writer dwells chiefly on its prosperous side, passing over the rest as lightly as possible. His anointing at Hebron (vv. 1-3), reveals nothing of what we learned earlier of the rival kingdom of the house of Saul, and the seven years before his exaltation over all Israel. Again, in the list of warriors (11:10-47), there is an omission of Joab's treachery and barbarous conduct in the cases of Abner, Uriah and Absalom.
Chapter 12 contains a supplemental list of braves who attached themselves to David earlier, and during the days of Saul, and of whom we have no record until now.
3. David's Victories and Festivals, cc. 13-16.
These begin with the bringing up of the ark as far as the house of Obed-edom (c. 13). Then follows the account of battles with the Philistines (c. 14), which occupies a different position from that in 2 Samuel 5, the reason for which can only be conjectured. After this the ark is brought up to Jerusalem (cc. 15, 16), the record being more detailed than in Samuel. Note, for example, the preparation and act of transfer. A tent is erected, (15:1) possibly in the vicinity of the palace, after the model of the old tabernacle. Then a consultation is held (v. 2), the representative men are assembled (v. 3), the bearers chosen (vv. 12-15), the singers appointed (vv. 16-24). Then the act itself, with its rejoicings, sacrifices and distribution of gifts (15:25-16:3). Then the initial service and the psalm of thanksgiving (vv. 4-36).
Another thus analyzes the eight strophes of this psalm: The first, summons to praise (vv. 8-11); the second, to think on the wonders and judgments of the Lord (vv. 12-14); the third, to think of the covenant made with the fathers (vv. 15-18); the fourth, gives the reasons to remember this covenant (vv. 19-22); the fifth, affirms that all the world shall concur in the greatness and glory of God (vv. 23-27); the sixth, all nations shall worship Him (vv. 28-30); the seventh, the inanimate creation will exult before Him (vv. 31-33); the eighth, closes with a repeated summons to praise and prayer (vv. 34-36).
4. David and The Temple, cc. 17-22.
Except as to its location the record in chapter 17 is in substance the same as in 2 Samuel 7. The "group of war reports," cc. 18-20, runs parallel to four sections in 2 Samuel which in that case are separated from one another by other matters. The story of the plague following the census (c. 21), contains some deviations from that in Samuel, as for example, its position in the record, the fact that the offence was instigated by Satan, that Benjamin and Levi were not numbered, and that the threshing-floor was thereafter the constant place of sacrifice by David. These things are additions and not contradictions. As to the last named, the words in verse 28, "At that time * * * he sacrificed there," have been rendered by Luther and others, "was wont to offer there," meaning that he did it repeatedly, frequently. In an earlier lesson it was stated that this threshing-floor subsequently became the site of Solomon's temple.
After the episode represented by these chapters the author returns to the subject of the temple (c. 22), speaking of David's preparation of the materials (vv. 1-5), his charge to Solomon (vv. 6-16), and finally his appeal to the princes to assist (vv. 17-19).
6. The Temple and Military Officers, cc. 23-27.
The opening comment of this section gives the reason for what follows. David was old and felt the need of putting things in readiness for his son (v. 1). There are two things that concern him chiefly, the worship of God and the strengthening of the kingdom, and it is significant that the worship of God receives attention first.
The chapters arrange themselves thus: Chapter 23 deals with the Levites, their number and classification for work; 24 does the same for the priests, except that the closing verses refer again to the Levites; 25 speaks of the singers; 26 of the porters, treasurers and other business officers; and 27 of the army, including its divisions and commanders.
7. David's Last Directions and Death, cc, 28, 29.
The last directions of David concern the building of the temple where all the princes, the captains, the courtiers and the heroes are addressed (vv. 1, 2), and Solomon in their presence is invested with power and authority as his successor (w. 5-21).
Note the words in verse 12. "And the pattern of all that he had by the Spirit." We use a capital "S" believing the Holy Spirit to be intended, and that the words should be read in the light of verse 19, "All this, the Lord made me understand in writing by His hand upon me, even all the works of this pattern." Are we not to understand, difficult as the words may be, that as God revealed the original of the temple to Moses in the wilderness when He revealed the tabernacle, so now also He controlled and directed David when the time came for the actual erection of the temple?
Do not pass chapter 29 carelessly. Note David's example of giving (vv. 3-5), and the lever it affords to make an appeal to others. See the working of the Spirit of God among the people in the gladness of it all (v. 9), a fact David recognizes and for which he praises God, verse 10 and the following.
When it says "they made Solomon king the second time" (v. 22), it is in contrast with 23:1. In that case the first proclamation was made, but now the actual anointing took place. (Compare 왕상1:32 and the following verses.)
【대상23:1 MHCC】David, having given charge concerning the building of the temple, settles the method of the temple service, and orders the officers of it. When those of the same family were employed together, it would engage them to love and assist one another.
【대상23:2 JFB】대상23:2-6. Number and Distribution of the Levites.
2. he gathered together all the princes of Israel—All important measures relating to the public interest were submitted for consideration to a general assembly of the representatives of the tribes (대상13:1; 15:25; 22:17; 26:1-32).
【대상23:3 JFB】3. the Levites were numbered … thirty and eight thousand—Four times their number at the early census taken by Moses (see on 민4:1-49; 26:1-51). It was, in all likelihood, this vast increase that suggested and rendered expedient that classification, made in the last year of David's reign, which the present and three subsequent chapters describe.
by their polls, man by man—Women and children were not included.
【대상23:4 JFB】4. twenty and four thousand were to set forward the work of the house of the Lord—They were not to preside over all the services of the temple. The Levites were subject to the priests, and they were superior to the Nethinim and other servants, who were not of the race of Levi. But they had certain departments of duty assigned, some of which are here specified.
【대상23:5 JFB】5. praised the Lord with the instruments which I made—David seems to have been an inventor of many of the musical instruments used in the temple (암6:5).
【대상23:6 JFB】6. David divided them into courses among the sons of Levi—These are enumerated according to their fathers' houses, but no more of these are mentioned here than the twenty-four thousand who were engaged in the work connected with the Lord's house. The fathers' houses of those Levites corresponded with the classes into which they [Josephus, Antiquities] as well as the priests were divided (see on 대상24:20-31; 대상26:20-28).
【대상23:7 JFB】대상23:7-11. Sons of Gershon.
7-11. the Gershonites—They had nine fathers' houses, six descended from Laadan, and three from Shimei.
【대상23:12 JFB】대상23:12-20. Of Kohath.
12. The sons of Kohath—He was the founder of nine Levitical fathers' houses.
【대상23:13 JFB】13. Aaron was separated—as high priest (see on 대상25:1-19).
【대상23:14 JFB】14. concerning Moses—His sons were ranked with the Levites generally, but not introduced into the distinctive portion of the descendants of Levi, who were appointed to the special functions of the priesthood.
【대상23:21 JFB】대상23:21-23. Of Merari.
21-23. The sons of Merari—They comprised six fathers' houses. Summing them together, Gershon founded nine fathers houses, Kohath nine, and Merari six: total, twenty-four.
【대상23:24 JFB】대상23:24-32. Office of the Levites.
24-27. These were the sons of Levi … that did the work … from the age of twenty years and upward—The enumeration of the Levites was made by David (대상23:3) on the same rule as that followed by Moses (민4:3), namely, from thirty years. But he saw afterwards that this rule might be beneficially relaxed, and that the enrolment of Levites for their proper duties might be made from twenty years of age. The ark and tabernacle being now stationary at Jerusalem, the labor of the Levites was greatly diminished, as they were no longer obliged to transport its heavy furniture from place to place. The number of thirty-eight thousand Levites, exclusive of priests, was doubtless more than sufficient for the ordinary service of the tabernacle. But this pious king thought that it would contribute to the glory of the Lord to employ as many officers in his divine service as possible. These first rules, however, which David instituted, were temporary, as very different arrangements were made after the ark had been deposited in the tabernacle of Zion.
【대상23:24 MHCC】Now the people of Israel were so many, there should be more employed in the temple service, that every Israelite who brought an offering might find a Levite ready to help him. When more work is to be done, it is pity but there should be more workmen. A new heart, a spiritual mind, which delights greatly in God's commandments, and can find a refreshing feast in his ordinances, forms the great distinction between the true Christian and all other men in the world. To the spiritual man every service will yield satisfaction. He will be ever abounding in the work of the Lord; being never so happy as when employed for such a good Master, in so pleasant a service. He will not regard whether he is called to take the lead, or to keep the charge of others who are placed over him. May we seek and serve the Lord uprightly, and leave all the rest to his disposal, by faith in his word.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.