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■ 느헤미야 7장
1. 성이 건축되매 문짝을 달고 문지기와 노래하는 자들과 레위 사람들을 세운 후에
Now it came to pass, when the wall was built , and I had set up the doors , and the porters and the singers and the Levites were appointed ,
2. 내 아우 하나니와 영문의 관원 하나냐로 함께 예루살렘을 다스리게 하였는데 하나냐는 위인이 충성되어 하나님을 경외함이 무리에서 뛰어난 자라
That I gave my brother Hanani , and Hananiah the ruler of the palace , charge over Jerusalem : for he was a faithful man , and feared God above many .
3. 내가 저희에게 이르기를 해가 높이 뜨기 전에는 예루살렘 성문을 열지 말고 아직 파수할 때에 곧 문을 닫고 빗장을 지르며 또 예루살렘 거민으로 각각 반차를 따라 파수하되 자기 집 맞은편을 지키게 하라 하였노니
And I said unto them, Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun be hot ; and while they stand by , let them shut the doors , and bar them: and appoint watches of the inhabitants of Jerusalem , every one in his watch , and every one to be over against his house .
4. 그 성은 광대하고 거민은 희소하여 가옥을 오히려 건축하지 못하였음이니라
Now the city was large and great : but the people were few therein , and the houses were not builded .
5. 내 하나님이 내 마음을 감동하사 귀인들과 민장과 백성을 모아 보계대로 계수하게 하신고로 내가 처음으로 돌아온 자의 보계를 얻었는데 거기 기록한 것을 보면
And my God put into mine heart to gather together the nobles , and the rulers , and the people , that they might be reckoned by genealogy . And I found a register of the genealogy of them which came up at the first , and found written therein,
6. 옛적에 바발론 왕 느부갓네살에게 사로잡혀 갔던 자 중에서 놓임을 받고 예루살렘과 유다로 돌아와 각기 본성에 이른 자 곧
These are the children of the province , that went up out of the captivity , of those that had been carried away , whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away , and came again to Jerusalem and to Judah , every one unto his city ;
7. 스룹바벨과 예수아와 느헤미야와 아사랴와 라아마와 나하마니와 모르드개와 빌산과 미스베렛과 비그왜와 느훔과 바아나 등과 함께 나온 이스라엘 백성의 명수가 이러하니라
Who came with Zerubbabel , Jeshua , Nehemiah , Azariah , Raamiah , Nahamani , Mordecai , Bilshan , Mispereth , Bigvai , Nehum , Baanah . The number , I say, of the men of the people of Israel was this;
8. 바로스 자손이 이천일백칠십이 명이요
The children of Parosh , two thousand an hundred seventy and two .
9. 스바댜 자손이 삼백칠십이 명이요
The children of Shephatiah , three hundred seventy and two .
10. 아라 자손이 육백오십이 명이요
The children of Arah , six hundred fifty and two .
11. 바핫모압 자손 곧 예수아와 요압 자손이 이천팔백십팔 명이요
The children of Pahath–moab , of the children of Jeshua and Joab , two thousand and eight hundred and eighteen .
12. 엘람 자손이 일천이백오십사 명이요
The children of Elam , a thousand two hundred fifty and four .
13. 삿두 자손이 팔백사십오 명이요
The children of Zattu , eight hundred forty and five .
14. 삭개 자손이 칠백육십 명이요
The children of Zaccai , seven hundred and threescore .
15. 빈누이 자손이 육백사십팔 명이요
The children of Binnui , six hundred forty and eight .
16. 브배 자손이 육백이십팔 명이요
The children of Bebai , six hundred twenty and eight .
17. 아스갓 자손이 이천삼백이십이 명이요
The children of Azgad , two thousand three hundred twenty and two .
18. 아도니감 자손이 육백육십칠 명이요
The children of Adonikam , six hundred threescore and seven .
19. 비그왜 자손이 이천육십칠 명이요
The children of Bigvai , two thousand threescore and seven .
20. 아딘 자손이 육백오십오 명이요
The children of Adin , six hundred fifty and five .
21. 아델 자손 곧 히스기야 자손이 구십팔 명이요
The children of Ater of Hezekiah , ninety and eight .
22. 하숨 자손이 삼백이십팔 명이요
The children of Hashum , three hundred twenty and eight .
23. 베새 자손이 삼백이십사 명이요
The children of Bezai , three hundred twenty and four .
24. 하립 자손이 일백십이 명이요
The children of Hariph , an hundred and twelve .
25. 기브온 사람이 구십오 명이요
The children of Gibeon , ninety and five .
26. 베들레헴과 느도바 사람이 일백팔십팔 명이요
The men of Beth–lehem and Netophah , an hundred fourscore and eight .
27. 아나돗 사람이 일백이십팔 명이요
The men of Anathoth , an hundred twenty and eight .
28. 벧아스마웹 사람이 사십이 명이요
The men of Beth–azmaveth , forty and two .
29. 기럇여아림과 그비라와 브에롯 사람이 칠백사십삼 명이요
The men of Kirjath–jearim , Chephirah , and Beeroth , seven hundred forty and three .
30. 라마와 게바 사람이 육백이십일 명이요
The men of Ramah and Geba , six hundred twenty and one .
31. 믹마스 사람이 일백이십이 명이요
The men of Michmas , an hundred and twenty and two .
32. 벧엘과 아이 사람이 일백이십삼 명이요
The men of Beth–el and Ai , an hundred twenty and three .
33. 기타 느보 사람이 오십이 명이요
The men of the other Nebo , fifty and two .
34. 기타 엘람 자손이 일천이백오십사 명이요
The children of the other Elam , a thousand two hundred fifty and four .
35. 하림 자손이 삼백이십 명이요
The children of Harim , three hundred and twenty .
36. 여리고 자손이 삼백사십오 명이요
The children of Jericho , three hundred forty and five .
37. 로드와 하딧과 오노 자손이 칠백이십일 명이요
The children of Lod , Hadid , and Ono , seven hundred twenty and one .
38. 스나아 자손이 삼천구백삼십 명이었느니라
The children of Senaah , three thousand nine hundred and thirty .
39. 제사장들은 예수아의 집 여다야 자손이 구백칠십삼 명이요
The priests : the children of Jedaiah , of the house of Jeshua , nine hundred seventy and three .
40. 임멜 자손이 일천오십이 명이요
The children of Immer , a thousand fifty and two .
41. 바수훌 자손이 일천이백사십칠 명이요
The children of Pashur , a thousand two hundred forty and seven .
42. 하림 자손이 일천십칠 명이었느니라
The children of Harim , a thousand and seventeen .
43. 레위 사람들은 호드야 자손 곧 예수아와 갓미엘 자손이 칠십사 명이요
The Levites : the children of Jeshua , of Kadmiel , and of the children of Hodevah , seventy and four .
44. 노래하는 자들은 아삽 자손이 일백사십팔 명이요
The singers : the children of Asaph , an hundred forty and eight .
45. 문지기들은 살룸 자손과 아델 자손과 달문 자손과 악굽 자손과 하디다 자손과 소배 자손이 모두 일백삼십팔 명이었느니라
The porters : the children of Shallum , the children of Ater , the children of Talmon , the children of Akkub , the children of Hatita , the children of Shobai , an hundred thirty and eight .
46. 느디님 사람들은 시하 자손과 하수바 자손과 답바옷 자손과
The Nethinims : the children of Ziha , the children of Hashupha , the children of Tabbaoth ,
47. 게로스 자손과 시아 자손과 바돈 자손과 르바나 자손과
The children of Keros , the children of Sia , the children of Padon ,
48. 하가바 자손과 살매 자손과
The children of Lebana , the children of Hagaba , the children of Shalmai ,
49. 하난 자손과 깃델 자손과 가할 자손과
The children of Hanan , the children of Giddel , the children of Gahar ,
50. 르아야 자손과 르신 자손과 느고다 자손과
The children of Reaiah , the children of Rezin , the children of Nekoda ,
51. 갓삼 자손과 웃사 자손과 바세아 자손과
The children of Gazzam , the children of Uzza , the children of Phaseah ,
52. 베새 자손과 므우님 자손과 느비스심 자손과
The children of Besai , the children of Meunim , the children of Nephishesim ,
53. 박북 자손과 하그바 자손과 할훌 자손과
The children of Bakbuk , the children of Hakupha , the children of Harhur ,
54. 바슬릿 자손과 므히다 자손과 하르사 자손과
The children of Bazlith , the children of Mehida , the children of Harsha ,
55. 바르고스 자손과 시스라 자손과 데마 자손과
The children of Barkos , the children of Sisera , the children of Tamah ,
56. 느시야 자손과 하디바 자손이었느니라
The children of Neziah , the children of Hatipha .
57. 솔로몬의 신복의 자손은 소대 자손과 소베렛 자손과 브리다 자손과
The children of Solomon’s servants : the children of Sotai , the children of Sophereth , the children of Perida ,
58. 야알라 자손과 다르곤 자손과 깃델 자손과
The children of Jaala , the children of Darkon , the children of Giddel ,
59. 스바댜 자손과 핫딜 자손과 보게렛하스바임 자손과 아몬 자손이니
The children of Shephatiah , the children of Hattil , the children of Pochereth of Zebaim , the children of Amon .
60. 모든 느디님 사람과 솔로몬의 신복의 자손이 삼백구십이 명이었느니라
All the Nethinims , and the children of Solomon’s servants , were three hundred ninety and two .
61. 델멜라와 델하르사와 그룹과 앗돈과 임멜로부터 올라온 자가 있으나 그 종족과 보계가 이스라엘에 속하였는지는 증거할 수 없으니
And these were they which went up also from Tel–melah , Tel–haresha , Cherub , Addon , and Immer : but they could not shew their father’s house , nor their seed , whether they were of Israel .
62. 저희는 들라야 자손과 도비야 자손과 느고다 자손이라 도합이 육백사십이 명이요
The children of Delaiah , the children of Tobiah , the children of Nekoda , six hundred forty and two .
63. 제사장 중에는 호바야 자손과 학고스 자손과 바르실래 자손이니 바르실래는 길르앗 사람 바르실래의 딸 중에 하나로 아내를 삼고 바르실래의 이름으로 이름한 자라
And of the priests : the children of Habaiah , the children of Koz , the children of Barzillai , which took one of the daughters of Barzillai the Gileadite to wife , and was called after their name .
64. 이 사람들이 보계 중에서 자기 이름을 찾아도 얻지 못한고로 저희를 부정하게 여겨 제사자의 직분을 행치 못하게 하고
These sought their register among those that were reckoned by genealogy , but it was not found : therefore were they, as polluted , put from the priesthood .
65. 방백이 저희에게 명하여 우림과 둠밈을 가진 제사장이 일어나기 전에는 지성물을 먹지 말라 하였느니라
And the Tirshatha said unto them, that they should not eat of the most holy things , till there stood up a priest with Urim and Thummim .
66. 온 회중의 합계가 사만 이천삼백육십 명이요
The whole congregation together was forty and two thousand three hundred and threescore ,
67. 그 외에 노비가 칠천삼백삼십칠 명이요 노래하는 남녀가 이백사십오 명이요
Beside their manservants and their maidservants , of whom there were seven thousand three hundred thirty and seven : and they had two hundred forty and five singing men and singing women .
68. 말이 칠백삼십육이요 노새가 이백사십오요
Their horses , seven hundred thirty and six : their mules , two hundred forty and five :
69. 약대가 사백삼십오요 나귀가 육천칠백이십이었느니라
Their camels , four hundred thirty and five : six thousand seven hundred and twenty asses .
70. 어떤 족장들은 역사를 위하여 보조하였고 방백은 금 일천 다릭과 대접 오십과 제사장의 의복 오백삼십 벌을 보물 곳간에 드렸고
And some of the chief of the fathers gave unto the work . The Tirshatha gave to the treasure a thousand drams of gold , fifty basons , five hundred and thirty priests’ garments .
71. 또 어떤 족장들은 금 이만 다릭과 은 이천이백 마네를 역사 곳간에 드렸고
And some of the chief of the fathers gave to the treasure of the work twenty thousand drams of gold , and two thousand and two hundred pound of silver .
72. 그 나머지 백성은 금 이만 다릭과 은 이천 마네와 제사장의 의복 육십칠 벌을 드렸느니라
And that which the rest of the people gave was twenty thousand drams of gold , and two thousand pound of silver , and threescore and seven priests’ garments .
73. 이와 같이 제사장들과 레위 사람들과 문지기들과 노래하는 자들과 백성 몇명과 느디님 사람들과 온 이스라엘이 다 그 본성에 거하였느니라
So the priests , and the Levites , and the porters , and the singers , and some of the people , and the Nethinims , and all Israel , dwelt in their cities ; and when the seventh month came , the children of Israel were in their cities .
■ 주석 보기
【느7:1 JFB】느7:1-4. Nehemiah Commits the Charge of Jerusalem to Hanani and Hananiah.
【느7:1 CWC】[INTERNAL REGULATIONS]
1. A New Genealogical Record, c. 7.
The need for this assignment of duty to the two men named (v. 2), is not apparent unless Nehemiah contemplated a return to Persia. Later it will be seen that such return took place, but whether at this time or not, is not clear. To "fear God above many." as Hananiah did, is a great commendation. It was customary to open the gates of a city at sunrise, but to do so in this case before the inhabitants were well awake and stirring, might put them at a disadvantage before their enemies (v. 3). The new walls were built on the old foundations, but the city they enclosed did not as yet hold the old population, which explains verse four.
The genealogical record (v. 5) was doubtless that of Zerubbabel's day recorded in the book of Ezra, and if some differences are discovered between this and that, they may be accounted for by the different circumstances in the two cases. The first was prepared at Babylon and this in Judea, with almost a century intervening. Of course a particular object of this record was the purification of the priestly and Levitical line with reference to the temple service.
2. A Spiritual Revival, cc. 8-10.
It was in the seventh month (7:73), at the feast of tabernacles, that the stirring event of this chapter occurred. Ezra is in Jerusalem still, though during Nehemiah's governorship he has not been at the forefront. It may be that his time has been spent in preparing that edition of the Old Testament which has been associated with his name. His great usefulness is seen at this juncture (vv. 1-8). Here is a great open-air meeting, and the Word of God has the place of honor. It is simply read and explained to the people, but as usual with mighty results. Behold the blessing which comes to a people when to a faithful ministry is added a godly ruler (vv. 8-15). Pastors will appreciate a good text for Thanksgiving Day in verse 10. There is nothing which brings such joy to people as a knowledge of God's Word, and nothing that makes them so practically mindful of others.
This feast proves a "protracted meeting" and is followed by a fast and other evidences of repentance (v. 9). Between the morning and evening sacrifices they devoted three hours to the Scriptures and three hours to prayer. Read the prayer carefully, which seems to have been uttered by the Levites on the "stairs," or pulpits, erected for the purpose, in the open. Perhaps we have here only the substance of the prayers, or it may be that Ezra prepared a general prayer for all to use. Notice the pathos of verses 36 and 37, and the covenant in which the proceeding ended (v. 38 and 10:1-39).
The points of this covenant are interesting. They bind themselves to abstain from heathen marriages (v. 30), to observe the Sabbath, to give the land its seventh year rest, and remit debts in that year (v. 31), maintain the temple service and support the priests (vv. 32-39).
3. A Patriotic Precaution, cc. 11, 12.
This measure (vv. 1, 2) was necessary to insure a proper guard for the capital. And as it involved danger and self-sacrifice on the part of the drafted ones they merited the public gratitude. Their names follow, and include the "Nethinim," a designation difficult to determine, but supposed to mean the descendants of the Gibeonites of Joshua's time, who were constrained to be hewers of wood and drawers of water. In any event they were men of humble rank in the service of the sanctuary. Various editorial comments occur in this chapter whose elucidation, in the lapse of time, is not easy. Some of these are the "second over the city" (v. 9), "ruler of the house of God" (v. 11), "the outward business" (v. 16), "the principal to begin," etc. (v. 17), referring in general terms to assistants of the priests, collectors of provisions, leaders of the choirs, etc.
We may include in this division the dedication of the wall (12:27-47), in which the leaders, accompanied by the singers and people from all parts of the land marched around it, pausing at different points for praise and prayer, and the presentation of sacrifices. Some idea of the religious hilarity of the occasion may be gathered from verse 43. The explanation of verse 45 seems to be that the officials named saw that no persons ceremonially unclean entered the temple. This was the duty of the porters ordinarily (대하23:19), but on special occasions singers were called on to assist.
4. A Moral House-Cleaning, c. 13.
Nehemiah has reported at the Persian court and again, after an unknown period, returned to Jerusalem (v. 6), and finding there great laxity in regard to the temple service. Sabbath observance, and heathen marriages, all of which he vigorously reforms. Eliashib's offense is the more reprehensible because of his sacred office (vv. 4, 5) -- turning the house of God into a palace for the entertainment of his heathen relatives. It was to be expected that such conduct of the high priest would affect the people as shown in the verses following (10-14). When, however, the worship of God is neglected, his laws are generally dishonored (vv. 15-18). Note Nehemiah's decisive action in this case (vv. 19-22), and the pattern is affords for modern executives. There is this difference, however, that Nehemiah was an official over a people who had a fear of God in their hearts. Our executives serve a democracy where the people themselves are esteemed as the highest authority. "How far will the people sustain us?" is the question before their eyes in the performance of duty, and the execution of the laws. No wonder that their actions are often marked by timidity and insincerity. It will be only in the millennial age, which may God hasten, that conditions will produce and maintain governors of Nehemiah's type. Verse 25 shows that he was not influenced by the sentimentalism of these times to substitute reformatory measures in the place of punishment for wrong-doing.
【느7:1 MHCC】Nehemiah, having finished the wall, returned to the Persian court, and came to Jerusalem again with a new commission. The public safety depends on every one's care to guard himself and his family against sin.
【느7:2 JFB】2. I gave my brother Hanani … charge over Jerusalem—If, as is commonly supposed, Nehemiah was now contemplating a return to Shushan according to his promise, it was natural that he should wish to entrust the custody of Jerusalem and the management of its civic affairs to men on whose ability, experience, and fidelity, he could confide. Hanani, a near relative (느1:2), was one, and with him was associated, as colleague, Hananiah, "the ruler of the palace"—that is, the marshal or chamberlain of the viceregal court, which Nehemiah had maintained in Jerusalem. The high religious principle, as well as the patriotic spirit of those two men, recommended them as pre-eminently qualified for being invested with an official trust of such peculiar importance.
and feared God above many—The piety of Hananiah is especially mentioned as the ground of his eminent fidelity in the discharge of all his duties and, consequently, the reason of the confidence which Nehemiah reposed in him; for he was fully persuaded that Hananiah's fear of God would preserve him from those temptations to treachery and unfaithfulness which he was likely to encounter on the governor's departure from Jerusalem.
【느7:3 JFB】3. Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun be hot, &c.—In the East it is customary to open the gates of a city at sunrise, and to bar them at sunset—a rule which is very rarely, and not except to persons of authority, infringed upon. Nehemiah recommended that the gates of Jerusalem should not be opened so early; a precaution necessary at a time when the enemy was practising all sorts of dangerous stratagems, to ensure that the inhabitants were all astir and enjoyed the benefit of clear broad daylight for observing the suspicious movements of any enemy. The propriety of regularly barring the gates at sunset was, in this instance, accompanied with the appointment of a number of the people to act as sentinels, each mounting guard in front of his own house.
【느7:4 JFB】4. Now the city was large and great—The walls being evidently built on the old foundations, the city covered a large extent of surface, as all Oriental towns do, the houses standing apart with gardens and orchards intervening. This extent, in the then state of Jerusalem, was the more observable as the population was comparatively small, and the habitations of the most rude and simple construction—mere wooden sheds or coverings of loose, unmortared stones.
【느7:5 JFB】느7:5-38. Genealogy of Those Who Came at the First Out of Babylon.
5. my God put into mine heart to gather together the nobles, &c.—The arrangement about to be described, though dictated by mere common prudence, is, in accordance with the pious feelings of Nehemiah, ascribed not to his own prudence or reflection, but to the grace of God prompting and directing him. He resolved to prepare a register of the returned exiles, containing an exact record of the family and ancestral abode of every individual. While thus directing his attention, he discovered a register of the first detachment who had come under the care of Zerubbabel. It is transcribed in the following verses, and differs in some few particulars from that given in 스2:1-61. But the discrepancy is sufficiently accounted for from the different circumstances in which the two registers were taken; that of Ezra having been made up at Babylon, while that of Nehemiah was drawn out in Judea, after the walls of Jerusalem had been rebuilt. The lapse of so many years might well be expected to make a difference appear in the catalogue, through death or other causes; in particular, one person being, according to Jewish custom, called by different names. Thus Hariph (느7:24) is the same as Jorah (스2:18), Sia (느7:47) the same as Siaha (스2:44), &c. Besides other purposes to which this genealogy of the nobles, rulers, and people was subservient, one leading object contemplated by it was to ascertain with accuracy the parties to whom the duty legally belonged of ministering at the altar and conducting the various services of the temple. For guiding to exact information in this important point of enquiry, the possession of the old register of Zerubbabel was invaluable.
【느7:5 MHCC】Nehemiah knew that the safety of a city, under God, depends more upon the inhabitants than upon its walls. Every good gift and every good work are from above. God gives knowledge, he gives grace; all is of him, and therefore all must be to him. What is done by human prudence, must be ascribed to the direction of Divine Providence. But woe to those who turn back from the Lord, loving this present world! and happy those who dedicate themselves, and their substance, to his service and glory!
【느7:39 JFB】느7:39-73. Of the Priests.
39. The priests—It appears that only four of the courses of the priests returned from the captivity; and that the course of Abia (Lu 1:5) is not in the list. But it must be noticed that these four courses were afterwards divided into twenty-four, which retained the names of the original courses which David appointed.
【느7:70 JFB】70. And some of the chief of the fathers, &c.—With 느7:69 the register ends, and the thread of Nehemiah's history is resumed. He was the tirshatha, or governor, and the liberality displayed by him and some of the leading men for the suitable equipment of the ministers of religion, forms the subject of the remaining portion of the chapter. Their donations consisted principally in garments. This would appear a singular description of gifts to be made by any one among us; but, in the East, a present of garments, or of any article of use, is conformable to the prevailing sentiments and customs of society.
drams of gold—that is, darics. A daric was a gold coin of ancient Persia, worth £1 5s.
【느7:71 JFB】71. pound of silver—that is, mina (sixty shekels, or £9).
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