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■ 느헤미야 6장
1. 산발랏과 도비야와 아라비아 사람 게셈과 그 나머지 우리의 대적이 내가 성을 건축하여 그 퇴락한 곳을 남기지 아니하였다 함을 들었는데 내가 아직 성문에 문짝을 달지 못한 때라
Now it came to pass, when Sanballat , and Tobiah , and Geshem the Arabian , and the rest of our enemies , heard that I had builded the wall , and that there was no breach left therein; (though at that time I had not set up the doors upon the gates ;)
2. 산발랏과 게셈이 내게 보내어 이르기를 오라 우리가 오노 평지 한 촌에서 서로 만나자 하니 실상은 나를 해코자 함이라
That Sanballat and Geshem sent unto me, saying , Come , let us meet together in some one of the villages in the plain of Ono . But they thought to do me mischief .
3. 내가 곧 저희에게 사자들을 보내어 이르기를 내가 이제 큰 역사를 하니 내려가지 못하겠노라 어찌하여 역사를 떠나 정지하게 하고 너희에게로 내려가겠느냐 하매
And I sent messengers unto them, saying , I am doing a great work , so that I cannot come down : why should the work cease , whilst I leave it, and come down to you?
4. 저희가 네 번이나 이같이 내게 보내되 나는 여전히 대답하였더니
Yet they sent unto me four times after this sort ; and I answered them after the same manner .
5. 산발랏이 다섯 번째는 그 종자의 손에 봉하지 않은 편지를 들려 내게 보내었는데
Then sent Sanballat his servant unto me in like manner the fifth time with an open letter in his hand ;
6. 그 글에 이르기를 이방 중에도 소문이 있고 가스무도 말하기를 네가 유다 사람들로 더불어 모반하려 하여 성을 건축한다 하나니 네가 그 말과 같이 왕이 되려 하는도다
Wherein was written , It is reported among the heathen , and Gashmu saith it, that thou and the Jews think to rebel : for which cause thou buildest the wall , that thou mayest be their king , according to these words .
7. 또 네가 선지자를 세워 예루살렘에서 너를 들어 선전하기를 유다에 왕이 있다 하게 하였으니 이 말이 왕에게 들릴지라 그런즉 너는 이제 오라 함께 의논하자 하였기로
And thou hast also appointed prophets to preach of thee at Jerusalem , saying , There is a king in Judah : and now shall it be reported to the king according to these words . Come now therefore, and let us take counsel together .
8. 내가 보내어 저에게 이르기를 너의 말한바 이런 일은 없는 일이요 네 마음에서 지어낸 것이라 하였나니
Then I sent unto him, saying , There are no such things done as thou sayest , but thou feignest them out of thine own heart .
9. 이는 저희가 다 우리를 두렵게 하고자 하여 말하기를 저희 손이 피곤하여 역사를 정지하고 이루지 못하리라 함이라 이제 내 손을 힘있게 하옵소서 하였노라
For they all made us afraid , saying , Their hands shall be weakened from the work , that it be not done . Now therefore, O God, strengthen my hands .
10. 이 후에 므헤다벨의 손자 들라야의 아들 스마야가 두문불출하기로 내가 그 집에 가니 저가 이르기를 저희가 너를 죽이러 올 터이니 우리가 하나님의 전으로 가서 외소 안에 있고 그 문을 닫자 저희가 필연 밤에 와서 너를 죽이리라 하기로
Afterward I came unto the house of Shemaiah the son of Delaiah the son of Mehetabeel , who was shut up ; and he said , Let us meet together in the house of God , within the temple , and let us shut the doors of the temple : for they will come to slay thee; yea, in the night will they come to slay thee.
11. 내가 이르기를 나 같은 자가 어찌 도망하며 나 같은 몸이면 누가 외소에 들어가서 생명을 보존하겠느냐 나는 들어가지 않겠노라 하고
And I said , Should such a man as I flee ? and who is there, that, being as I am, would go into the temple to save his life ? I will not go in .
12. 깨달은즉 저는 하나님의 보내신 바가 아니라 도비야와 산발랏에게 뇌물을 받고 내게 이런 예언을 함이라
And, lo, I perceived that God had not sent him; but that he pronounced this prophecy against me: for Tobiah and Sanballat had hired him.
13. 저희가 뇌물을 준 까닭은 나를 두렵게 하고 이렇게 함으로 범죄하게 하고 악한 말을 지어 나를 비방하려 함이었느니라
Therefore was he hired , that I should be afraid , and do so , and sin , and that they might have matter for an evil report , that they might reproach me.
14. 내 하나님이여 도비야와 산발랏과 여선지 노아댜와 그 남은 선지자들 무릇 나를 두렵게 하고자 한 자의 소위를 기억하옵소서 하였노라
My God , think thou upon Tobiah and Sanballat according to these their works , and on the prophetess Noadiah , and the rest of the prophets , that would have put me in fear .
15. 성 역사가 오십이 일만에 엘룰월 이십 오일에 끝나매
So the wall was finished in the twenty and fifth day of the month Elul , in fifty and two days .
16. 우리 모든 대적과 사면 이방 사람들이 이를 듣고 다 두려워하여 스스로 낙담하였으니 이는 이 역사를 우리 하나님이 이루신 것을 앎이니라
And it came to pass, that when all our enemies heard thereof, and all the heathen that were about us saw these things, they were much cast down in their own eyes : for they perceived that this work was wrought of our God .
17. 그 때에 유다의 귀인들이 여러번 도비야에게 편지하였고 도비야의 편지도 저희에게 이르렀으니
Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters unto Tobiah , and the letters of Tobiah came unto them.
18. 도비야는 아라의 아들 스가냐의 사위가 되었고 도비야의 아들 여호하난도 베레갸의 아들 므술람의 딸을 취하였으므로 유다에서 저와 동맹한 자가 많음이라
For there were many in Judah sworn unto him, because he was the son in law of Shechaniah the son of Arah ; and his son Johanan had taken the daughter of Meshullam the son of Berechiah .
19. 저희들이 도비야의 선행을 내 앞에 말하고 또 나의 말도 저에게 전하매 도비야가 항상 내게 편지하여 나를 두렵게 하고자 하였느니라
Also they reported his good deeds before me, and uttered my words to him. And Tobiah sent letters to put me in fear .
■ 주석 보기
【느6:1 JFB】느6:1-19. Sanballat Practises against Nehemiah by Insidious Attempts.
【느6:1 CWC】[BUILDING THE WALLS]
1. Prayer and Its Answer, cc. 1-2:8.
In this book it is to be kept in mind that the previous commissions to Zerubbabel and Ezra concerned only the repair of the temple at Jerusalem, and certain internal arrangements for the moral and material well-being of the people in their home towns. The walls and gates of the city, however, were still in the ruined condition in which they were left by Nebuchadnezzar after the siege. The consequences of this were detrimental to the people's peace, for such protection was practically their only defence against assaulting enemies.
Chislev was an early winter month. Shushan was the winter, as Ecbatana was the summer palace, of the Persian monarchs. Hanani may have been simply a relative, as we have seen how loosely these kinships are referred to (1:1.2).
Nehemiah, though nothing more is stated of him, is likely to have been, like Zerubbabel, of the royal family of David, and certainly he was a great patriot. Study his prayer carefully (vv. 4-11). Notice its deep earnestness (v. 4), unselfishness (v. 6), humility (vv. 6, 7), faith (vv. 8, 9) and definiteness (v. 11). A cup-bearer to an oriental potentate (v. 12) held a confidential and influential office, affording him frequent access to his presence. At the meal he presented the cup of wine to the king, and since the likelihood of its being poisoned was ever present, he must be one in whom the greatest trust was reposed. Not infrequently, as a precautionary measure, the cup-bearer must first taste the wine in the king's presence before presenting it.
Four months elapsed between chapters one and two, though the cause is unknown. Nisan (2:1) was in the Spring. It awakened suspicion to appear before majesty with a sad countenance (v. 2), but in this case it gave Nehemiah his opportunity (vv. 3-8).
The queen may have been Esther, though it is uncertain. God receives the glory (v. 8).
2. Progress of the Work, cc. 2:9-3:32.
"Beyond the river" means east of the Euphrates. "Governors" were in charge of the Persian dependencies in proximity to Judah (v. 9). "Horonite" seems to refer to a Moabitish town of that name. The Amonite "Tobiah the servant" may mean that he was a freed slave elevated to official dignity. Nehemiah enters on his task by a night survey of the ruins (vv. 12-16). Then he addresses the leaders, stirring them by his example and information about the king's commission (vv. 17, 18). The opponents (v. 19) were doubtless supporters or leaders of the Samaritans, met with in Ezra.
The priests take the lead in the work (3:1). The residents of Jericho have a section assigned them (v. 2), and other great families follow to the end of the chapter. Their names are recorded because the work was one not only of patriotism, but godly devotion, calling for faith, courage, and self-sacrifice.
3. Hindrances, cc. 4-6.
Ridicule was the first form the hindrances took (vv. 1-6), but Nehemiah made his appeal to God and continued the work until the wall was built "half the height" (R. V.). If his language in prayer seems harsh, recall what we have learned about Israel's position as God's witness and instrument in blessing the world. To frustrate her is to frustrate God, and work the sorest injury to human kind. These enemies are not personal to Nehemiah, but the enemies of God and of all the earth. Moreover, Nehemiah himself is not undertaking to visit punishment upon them, but committing them to God who doeth righteously.
Physical force was the next form of hindrance (vv. 7-23), but Nehemiah provided against it by day and night watches (v. 9), by arming the workmen (v. 13), and by detaining them all in Jerusalem (v. 22).
The hindrance of chapter five was not the same as the others, and did not arise from the outside, but it was a hindrance, nevertheless, that must have greatly weakened their hands (vv. 1-5. Nehemiah's action was bold and efficient. An assembly was called (v. 7), his own example cited (vv. 8-10), an appeal made (v. 11), a solemn agreement effected (vv. 12, 13). The verses following testify to the wealth of Nehemiah as well as his unselfish patriotism. Not only declining the emoluments of his office, he maintained an expensive establishment for the public good, and this for twelve years (v. 14). He appears self-righteous (v. 19), but he was not living in the Gospel dispensation.
In chapter six the external enemies once more come into view, whose policy has changed from ridicule and force to crafty diplomacy (vv. 1-4) with threats superadded (w. 5-9). Nor are there wanting traitors within his own camp who seek Nehemiah's ruin, but in vain (vv. 10-15). Notice the intended disrespect in the "open" letter, which, in the case of so distinguished an official as Nehemiah (v. 5), should have been sealed, after the Persian custom. These were indeed "troublous times" (단9:25), but the man for the times had arrived.
【느6:1 MHCC】Let those who are tempted to idle merry meetings by vain companions, thus answer the temptation, We have work to do, and must not neglect it. We must never suffer ourselves to be overcome, by repeated urgency, to do anything sinful or imprudent; but when attacked with the same temptation, must resist it with the same reason and resolution. It is common for that which is desired only by the malicious, to be falsely represented by them as desired by the many. But Nehemiah knew at what they aimed, he not only denied that such things were true, but that they were reported; he was better known than to be thus suspected. We must never omit any known duty for fear it should be misconstrued; but, while we keep a good conscience, let us trust God with our good name. God's people, though loaded with reproach, are not really fallen so low in reputation as some would have them thought to be. Nehemiah lifted up his heart to Heaven in a short prayer. When, in our Christian work and warfare, we enter upon any service or conflict, this is a good prayer, I have such a duty to do, such a temptation to grapple with; now, therefore, O God, strengthen my hands. Every temptation to draw us from duty, should quicken us the more to duty.
【느6:2 JFB】2-4. Then Sanballat and Geshem sent unto me—The Samaritan leaders, convinced that they could not overcome Nehemiah by open arms, resolved to gain advantage over him by deceit and stratagem. With this in view, under pretext of terminating their differences in an amicable manner, they invited him to a conference. The place of rendezvous was fixed "in some one of the villages in the plain of Ono." "In the villages" is, Hebrew, "in Cephirim," or "Chephirah," the name of a town in the territory of Benjamin (수9:17; 18:26). Nehemiah, however, apprehensive of some intended mischief, prudently declined the invitation. Though it was repeated four times, [Nehemiah's] uniform answer was that his presence could not be dispensed with from the important work in which he was engaged. This was one, though not the only, reason. The principal ground of his refusal was that his seizure or death at their hands would certainly put a stop to the further progress of the fortifications.
【느6:5 JFB】5-9. Then sent Sanballat his servant … the fifth time with an open letter in his hand—In Western Asia, letters, after being rolled up like a map, are flattened to the breadth of an inch; and instead of being sealed, they are pasted at the ends. In Eastern Asia, the Persians make up their letters in the form of a roll about six inches long, and a bit of paper is fastened round it with gum, and sealed with an impression of ink, which resembles our printers' ink, but it is not so thick. Letters were, and are still, sent to persons of distinction in a bag or purse, and even to equals they are enclosed—the tie being made with a colored ribbon. But to inferiors, or persons who are to be treated contemptuously, the letters were sent open—that is, not enclosed in a bag. Nehemiah, accustomed to the punctillious ceremonial of the Persian court, would at once notice the want of the usual formality and know that it was from designed disrespect. The strain of the letter was equally insolent. It was to this effect: The fortifications with which he was so busy were intended to strengthen his position in the view of a meditated revolt: he had engaged prophets to incite the people to enter into his design and support his claim to be their native king; and, to stop the circulation of such reports, which would soon reach the court, he was earnestly besought to come to the wished-for conference. Nehemiah, strong in the consciousness of his own integrity, and penetrating the purpose of this shallow artifice, replied that there were no rumors of the kind described, that the idea of a revolt and the stimulating addresses of hired demagogues were stories of the writer's own invention, and that he declined now, as formerly, to leave his work.
【느6:10 JFB】10-14. Afterward I came unto the house of Shemaiah, &c.—This man was the son of a priest, who was an intimate and confidential friend of Nehemiah. The young man claimed to be endowed with the gift of prophecy. Having been secretly bribed by Sanballat, he, in his pretended capacity of prophet, told Nehemiah that his enemies were that night to make an attempt upon his life. He advised him, at the same time, to consult his safety by concealing himself in the sanctuary, a crypt which, from its sanctity, was strong and secure. But the noble-minded governor determined at all hazards to remain at his post, and not bring discredit on the cause of God and religion by his unworthy cowardice in leaving the temple and city unprotected. This plot, together with a secret collusion between the enemy and the nobles of Judah who were favorably disposed towards the bad Samaritan in consequence of his Jewish connections (느6:18), the undaunted courage and vigilance of Nehemiah were enabled, with the blessing of God, to defeat, and the erection of the walls thus built in troublous times (단9:25) was happily completed (느6:15) in the brief space of fifty-two days. So rapid execution, even supposing some parts of the old wall standing, cannot be sufficiently accounted for, except by the consideration that the builders labored with the ardor of religious zeal, as men employed in the work of God.
【느6:10 MHCC】The greatest mischief our enemies can do us, is, to frighten us from our duty, and to lead us to do what is sinful. Let us never decline a good work, never do a bad one. We ought to try all advice, and to reject what is contrary to the word of God. Every man should study to be consistent. Should I, a professed Christian, called to be a saint, a child of God, a member of Christ, a temple of the Holy Ghost, should I be covetous, sensual, proud, or envious? Should I yield to impatience, discontent, or anger? Should I be slothful, unbelieving, or unmerciful? What effects will such conduct have upon others? All that God has done for us, or by us, or given to us, should lead us to watchfulness, self-denial, and diligence. Next to the sinfulness of sin, we should dread the scandal.
【느6:15 MHCC】The wall was begun and finished in fifty-two days, though they rested on the sabbaths. A great deal of work may be done in a little time, if we set about it in earnest, and keep close to it. See the mischief of marrying with strangers. When men once became akin to Tobiah, they soon became sworn to him. A sinful love leads to a sinful league. The enemy of souls employs many instruments, and forms many projects, to bring reproach on the active servants of God, or to take them from their work. But we should follow the example of Him who laid down his life for the sheep. Those that simply cleave to the Lord and his work will be supported.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.