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■ 느헤미야 12장
1. 스알디엘의 아들 스룹바벨과 및 예수아를 좇아 돌아온 제사장과 레위 사람은 이러하니라 제사장은 스라야와 예레미야와 에스라와
Now these are the priests and the Levites that went up with Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel , and Jeshua : Seraiah , Jeremiah , Ezra ,
2. 아마랴와 말룩과 핫두스와
Amariah , Malluch , Hattush ,
3. 스가냐와 르훔과 므레못과
Shechaniah , Rehum , Meremoth ,
4. 잇도와 긴느도이와 아비야와
Iddo , Ginnetho , Abijah ,
5. 미야민과 마아댜와 빌가와
Miamin , Maadiah , Bilgah ,
6. 스마야와 요야립과 여다야와
Shemaiah , and Joiarib , Jedaiah ,
7. 살루와 아목과 힐기야와 여다야니 이상은 예수아 때에 제사장과 그 형제의 어른이었느니라
Sallu , Amok , Hilkiah , Jedaiah . These were the chief of the priests and of their brethren in the days of Jeshua .
8. 레위 사람은 예수아와 빈누이와 갓미엘과 세레뱌와 유다와 맛다냐니 이 맛다냐는 그 형제와 함께 찬송하는 일을 맡았고
Moreover the Levites : Jeshua , Binnui , Kadmiel , Sherebiah , Judah , and Mattaniah , which was over the thanksgiving , he and his brethren .
9. 또 그 형제 박부갸와 운노는 직무를 따라 저의 맞은편에 있으며
Also Bakbukiah and Unni , their brethren , were over against them in the watches .
10. 예수아는 요야김을 낳았고 요야김은 엘리아십을 낳았고 엘리아십은 요야다를 낳았고
And Jeshua begat Joiakim , Joiakim also begat Eliashib , and Eliashib begat Joiada ,
11. 요야다는 요나단을 낳았고 요나단은 얏두아를 낳았느니라
And Joiada begat Jonathan , and Jonathan begat Jaddua .
12. 요야김 때에 제사장의 족장된 자는 스라야 족속에는 므라야요 예레미야 족속에는 하나냐요
And in the days of Joiakim were priests , the chief of the fathers : of Seraiah , Meraiah ; of Jeremiah , Hananiah ;
13. 에스라 족속에는 므술람이요 아마랴 족속에는 여호하난이요
Of Ezra , Meshullam ; of Amariah , Jehohanan ;
14. 말루기 족속에는 요나단이요 스바냐 족속에는 요셉이요
Of Melicu , Jonathan ; of Shebaniah , Joseph ;
15. 하림 족속에는 아드나요 므라욧 족속에는 헬개요
Of Harim , Adna ; of Meraioth , Helkai ;
16. 잇도 족속에는 스가랴요 긴느돈 족속에는 므술람이요
Of Iddo , Zechariah ; of Ginnethon , Meshullam ;
17. 아비야 족속에는 시그리요 미냐민 곧 모아댜 족속에는 빌대요
Of Abijah , Zichri ; of Miniamin , of Moadiah , Piltai ;
18. 빌가 족속에는 삼무아요 스마야 족속에는 여호나단이요
Of Bilgah , Shammua ; of Shemaiah , Jehonathan ;
19. 요야립 족속에는 맛드내요 여다야 족속에는 웃시요
And of Joiarib , Mattenai ; of Jedaiah , Uzzi ;
20. 살래 족속에는 갈래요 아목 족속에는 에벨이요
Of Sallai , Kallai ; of Amok , Eber ;
21. 힐기야 족속에는 하사뱌요 여다야 족속에는 느다넬이었느니라
Of Hilkiah , Hashabiah ; of Jedaiah , Nethaneel .
22. 엘리아십과 요야다와 요하난과 얏두아 때에 레위 사람의 족장이 모두 책에 기록되었고 바사 왕 다리오 때에 제사장도 책에 기록되었고
The Levites in the days of Eliashib , Joiada , and Johanan , and Jaddua , were recorded chief of the fathers : also the priests , to the reign of Darius the Persian .
23. 레위 자손의 족장들은 엘리아십의 아들 요하난 때까지 역대지략에 기록되었으며
The sons of Levi , the chief of the fathers , were written in the book of the chronicles , even until the days of Johanan the son of Eliashib .
24. 레위 사람의 어른은 하사뱌와 세레뱌와 갓미엘의 아들 예수아라 저희가 그 형제의 맞은편에 있어 하나님의 사람 다윗의 명한 대로 반차를 따라 주를 찬양하며 감사하고
And the chief of the Levites : Hashabiah , Sherebiah , and Jeshua the son of Kadmiel , with their brethren over against them, to praise and to give thanks , according to the commandment of David the man of God , ward over against ward .
25. 맛다냐와 박부갸와 오바댜와 므술람과 달몬과 악굽은 다 문지기로서 반차대로 문 안의 곳간을 파수하였나니
Mattaniah , and Bakbukiah , Obadiah , Meshullam , Talmon , Akkub , were porters keeping the ward at the thresholds of the gates .
26. 이상 모든 사람은 요사닥의 손자 예수아의 아들 요야김과 방백 느헤미야와 제사장 겸 서기관 에스라 때에 있었느니라
These were in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua , the son of Jozadak , and in the days of Nehemiah the governor , and of Ezra the priest , the scribe .
27. 예루살렘 성곽이 낙성되니 각처에서 레위 사람들을 찾아 예루살렘으로 데려다가 감사하며 노래하며 제금 치며 비파와 수금을 타며 즐거이 봉헌식을 행하려 하매
And at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem they sought the Levites out of all their places , to bring them to Jerusalem , to keep the dedication with gladness , both with thanksgivings , and with singing , with cymbals , psalteries , and with harps .
28. 이에 노래하는 자들이 예루살렘 사방 들과 느도바 사람의 동네에서 모여오고
And the sons of the singers gathered themselves together , both out of the plain country round about Jerusalem , and from the villages of Netophathi ;
29. 또 벧길갈과 게바와 아스마웹 들에서 모여왔으니 이 노래하는 자들은 자기를 위하여 예루살렘 사방에 동네를 세웠음이라
Also from the house of Gilgal , and out of the fields of Geba and Azmaveth : for the singers had builded them villages round about Jerusalem .
30. 제사장들과 레위 사람들이 몸을 정결케 하고 또 백성과 성문과 성을 정결케 하니라
And the priests and the Levites purified themselves, and purified the people , and the gates , and the wall .
31. 이에 내가 유다의 방백들로 성 위에 오르게 하고 또 감사 찬송하는 자의 큰 무리를 두 떼로 나누어 성 위로 항렬을 지어가게 하는데 한 떼는 우편으로 분문을 향하여 가게 하니
Then I brought up the princes of Judah upon the wall , and appointed two great companies of them that gave thanks , whereof one went on the right hand upon the wall toward the dung gate :
32. 따르는 자는 호세야와 유다 방백의 절반이요
And after them went Hoshaiah , and half of the princes of Judah ,
33. 또 아사랴와 에스라와 므술람과
And Azariah , Ezra , and Meshullam ,
34. 유다와 베냐민과 스마야와 예레미야며
Judah , and Benjamin , and Shemaiah , and Jeremiah ,
35. 또 제사장의 자손 몇이 나팔을 잡았으니 요나단의 아들 스마야의 손자 맛다냐의 증손 미가야의 현손 삭굴의 오대손 아삽의 육대손 스가랴와
And certain of the priests’ sons with trumpets ; namely, Zechariah the son of Jonathan , the son of Shemaiah , the son of Mattaniah , the son of Michaiah , the son of Zaccur , the son of Asaph :
36. 그 형제 스마야와 아사렐과 밀랄래와 길랄래와 마애와 느다넬과 유다와 하나니라 다 하나님의 사람 다윗의 악기를 잡았고 학사 에스라가 앞서서
And his brethren , Shemaiah , and Azarael , Milalai , Gilalai , Maai , Nethaneel , and Judah , Hanani , with the musical instruments of David the man of God , and Ezra the scribe before them.
37. 샘문으로 말미암아 전진하여 성으로 올라 가는 곳에 이르러 다윗 성의 층계로 올라가서 다윗의 궁 윗 길에서 동향하여 수문에 이르렀고
And at the fountain gate , which was over against them, they went up by the stairs of the city of David , at the going up of the wall , above the house of David , even unto the water gate eastward .
38. 감사 찬송하는 다른 떼는 저희를 마주 진행하는데 내가 백성의 절반으로 더불어 그 뒤를 따라 성 위로 행하여 풀무 망대 윗 길로 성 넓은 곳에 이르고
And the other company of them that gave thanks went over against them, and I after them, and the half of the people upon the wall , from beyond the tower of the furnaces even unto the broad wall ;
39. 에브라임 문 위로 말미암아 옛문과 어문과 하나넬 망대와 함메아 망대를 지나 양문에 이르러 감옥 문에 그치매
And from above the gate of Ephraim , and above the old gate , and above the fish gate , and the tower of Hananeel , and the tower of Meah , even unto the sheep gate : and they stood still in the prison gate .
40. 이에 감사 찬송하는 두 떼와 나와 민장의 절반은 하나님의 전에 섰고
So stood the two companies of them that gave thanks in the house of God , and I, and the half of the rulers with me:
41. 제사장 엘리아김과 마아세야와 미냐민과 미가야와 엘료에내와 스가랴와 하나냐는 다 나팔을 잡았고
And the priests ; Eliakim , Maaseiah , Miniamin , Michaiah , Elioenai , Zechariah , and Hananiah , with trumpets ;
42. 또 마아세야와 스마야와 엘르아살과 웃시와 여호하난과 말기야와 엘람과 에셀이 함께 있으며 노래하는 자는 크게 찬송하였는데 그 감독은 예스라히야라
And Maaseiah , and Shemaiah , and Eleazar , and Uzzi , and Jehohanan , and Malchijah , and Elam , and Ezer . And the singers sang loud , with Jezrahiah their overseer .
43. 이 날에 무리가 크게 제사를 드리고 심히 즐거워하였으니 이는 하나님이 크게 즐거워하게 하셨음이라 부녀와 어린 아이도 즐거워 하였으므로 예루살렘의 즐거워하는 소리가 멀리 들렸느니라
Also that day they offered great sacrifices , and rejoiced : for God had made them rejoice with great joy : the wives also and the children rejoiced : so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off .
44. 그 날에 사람을 세워 곳간을 맡기고 제사장들과 레위 사람들에게 돌릴 것 곧 율법에 정한 대로 거제물과 처음 익은 것과 십일조를 모든 성읍 밭에서 거두어 이 곳간을 쌓게 하였노니 이는 유다 사람이 섬기는 제사장들과 레위 사람들을 인하여 즐거워함을 인함이라
And at that time were some appointed over the chambers for the treasures , for the offerings , for the firstfruits , and for the tithes , to gather into them out of the fields of the cities the portions of the law for the priests and Levites : for Judah rejoiced for the priests and for the Levites that waited .
45. 저희는 하나님을 섬기는 일과 결례의 일을 힘썼으며 노래하는 자들과 문지기들도 그러하여 모두 다윗과 그 아들 솔로몬의 명을 좇아 행하였으니
And both the singers and the porters kept the ward of their God , and the ward of the purification , according to the commandment of David , and of Solomon his son .
46. 옛적 다윗과 아삽의 때에는 노래하는 자의 두목이 있어서 하나님께 찬송하는 노래와 감사하는 노래를 하였음이며
For in the days of David and Asaph of old there were chief of the singers , and songs of praise and thanksgiving unto God .
47. 스룹바벨과 느헤미야 때에는 온 이스라엘이 노래하는 자들과 문지기들에게 날마다 쓸 것을 주되 그 구별한 것을 레위 사람들에게 주고 레위 사람들은 그것을 또 구별하여 아론 자손에게 주었느니라
And all Israel in the days of Zerubbabel , and in the days of Nehemiah , gave the portions of the singers and the porters , every day his portion : and they sanctified holy things unto the Levites ; and the Levites sanctified them unto the children of Aaron .
■ 주석 보기
【느12:1 JFB】느12:1-9. Priests and Levites Who Came Up with Zerubbabel.
1. these are the priests—according to 느12:7, "the chief of the priests," the heads of the twenty-four courses into which the priesthood was divided (대상24:1-20). Only four of the courses returned from the captivity (느7:39-42; 스2:36-39). But these were divided by Zerubbabel, or Jeshua, into the original number of twenty-four. Twenty-two only are enumerated here, and no more than twenty in 느12:12-21. The discrepancy is due to the extremely probable circumstance that two of the twenty-four courses had become extinct in Babylon; for none belonging to them are reported as having returned (느12:2-5). Hattush and Maadiah may be omitted in the account of those persons' families (느12:12), for these had no sons.
Shealtiel—or Salathiel.
Ezra—This was most likely a different person from the pious and patriotic leader. If he were the same person, he would now have reached a very patriarchal age—and this longevity would doubtless be due to his eminent piety and temperance, which are greatly conducive to the prolongation of life, but, above all, to the special blessing of God, who had preserved and strengthened him for the accomplishment of the important work he was called upon to undertake in that critical period of the Church's history.
【느12:1 CWC】[INTERNAL REGULATIONS]
1. A New Genealogical Record, c. 7.
The need for this assignment of duty to the two men named (v. 2), is not apparent unless Nehemiah contemplated a return to Persia. Later it will be seen that such return took place, but whether at this time or not, is not clear. To "fear God above many." as Hananiah did, is a great commendation. It was customary to open the gates of a city at sunrise, but to do so in this case before the inhabitants were well awake and stirring, might put them at a disadvantage before their enemies (v. 3). The new walls were built on the old foundations, but the city they enclosed did not as yet hold the old population, which explains verse four.
The genealogical record (v. 5) was doubtless that of Zerubbabel's day recorded in the book of Ezra, and if some differences are discovered between this and that, they may be accounted for by the different circumstances in the two cases. The first was prepared at Babylon and this in Judea, with almost a century intervening. Of course a particular object of this record was the purification of the priestly and Levitical line with reference to the temple service.
2. A Spiritual Revival, cc. 8-10.
It was in the seventh month (7:73), at the feast of tabernacles, that the stirring event of this chapter occurred. Ezra is in Jerusalem still, though during Nehemiah's governorship he has not been at the forefront. It may be that his time has been spent in preparing that edition of the Old Testament which has been associated with his name. His great usefulness is seen at this juncture (vv. 1-8). Here is a great open-air meeting, and the Word of God has the place of honor. It is simply read and explained to the people, but as usual with mighty results. Behold the blessing which comes to a people when to a faithful ministry is added a godly ruler (vv. 8-15). Pastors will appreciate a good text for Thanksgiving Day in verse 10. There is nothing which brings such joy to people as a knowledge of God's Word, and nothing that makes them so practically mindful of others.
This feast proves a "protracted meeting" and is followed by a fast and other evidences of repentance (v. 9). Between the morning and evening sacrifices they devoted three hours to the Scriptures and three hours to prayer. Read the prayer carefully, which seems to have been uttered by the Levites on the "stairs," or pulpits, erected for the purpose, in the open. Perhaps we have here only the substance of the prayers, or it may be that Ezra prepared a general prayer for all to use. Notice the pathos of verses 36 and 37, and the covenant in which the proceeding ended (v. 38 and 10:1-39).
The points of this covenant are interesting. They bind themselves to abstain from heathen marriages (v. 30), to observe the Sabbath, to give the land its seventh year rest, and remit debts in that year (v. 31), maintain the temple service and support the priests (vv. 32-39).
3. A Patriotic Precaution, cc. 11, 12.
This measure (vv. 1, 2) was necessary to insure a proper guard for the capital. And as it involved danger and self-sacrifice on the part of the drafted ones they merited the public gratitude. Their names follow, and include the "Nethinim," a designation difficult to determine, but supposed to mean the descendants of the Gibeonites of Joshua's time, who were constrained to be hewers of wood and drawers of water. In any event they were men of humble rank in the service of the sanctuary. Various editorial comments occur in this chapter whose elucidation, in the lapse of time, is not easy. Some of these are the "second over the city" (v. 9), "ruler of the house of God" (v. 11), "the outward business" (v. 16), "the principal to begin," etc. (v. 17), referring in general terms to assistants of the priests, collectors of provisions, leaders of the choirs, etc.
We may include in this division the dedication of the wall (12:27-47), in which the leaders, accompanied by the singers and people from all parts of the land marched around it, pausing at different points for praise and prayer, and the presentation of sacrifices. Some idea of the religious hilarity of the occasion may be gathered from verse 43. The explanation of verse 45 seems to be that the officials named saw that no persons ceremonially unclean entered the temple. This was the duty of the porters ordinarily (대하23:19), but on special occasions singers were called on to assist.
4. A Moral House-Cleaning, c. 13.
Nehemiah has reported at the Persian court and again, after an unknown period, returned to Jerusalem (v. 6), and finding there great laxity in regard to the temple service. Sabbath observance, and heathen marriages, all of which he vigorously reforms. Eliashib's offense is the more reprehensible because of his sacred office (vv. 4, 5) -- turning the house of God into a palace for the entertainment of his heathen relatives. It was to be expected that such conduct of the high priest would affect the people as shown in the verses following (10-14). When, however, the worship of God is neglected, his laws are generally dishonored (vv. 15-18). Note Nehemiah's decisive action in this case (vv. 19-22), and the pattern is affords for modern executives. There is this difference, however, that Nehemiah was an official over a people who had a fear of God in their hearts. Our executives serve a democracy where the people themselves are esteemed as the highest authority. "How far will the people sustain us?" is the question before their eyes in the performance of duty, and the execution of the laws. No wonder that their actions are often marked by timidity and insincerity. It will be only in the millennial age, which may God hasten, that conditions will produce and maintain governors of Nehemiah's type. Verse 25 shows that he was not influenced by the sentimentalism of these times to substitute reformatory measures in the place of punishment for wrong-doing.
【느12:1 MHCC】It is a debt we owe to faithful ministers, to remember our guides, who have spoken to us the word of God. It is good to know what our godly predecessors were, that we may learn what we should be.
【느12:4 JFB】4. Abijah—one of the ancestors of John the Baptist (Lu 1:5).
【느12:9 JFB】9. their brethren, were over against them in the watches—that is, according to some, their stations—the places where they stood when officiating—"ward over against ward" (느12:24); or, according to others, in alternate watches, in course of rotation.
【느12:10 JFB】느12:10-47. Succession of the High Priests.
10. Jeshua begat Joiakim, &c.—This enumeration was of great importance, not only as establishing their individual purity of descent, but because the chronology of the Jews was henceforth to be reckoned, not as formerly by the reigns of their kings, but by the successions of their high priests.
【느12:11 JFB】11. Jaddua—It is an opinion entertained by many commentators that this person was the high priest whose dignified appearance, solemn manner, and splendid costume overawed and interested so strongly the proud mind of Alexander the Great; and if he were not this person (as some object that this Jaddua was not in office till a considerable period after the death of Nehemiah), it might probably be his father, called by the same name.
【느12:12 JFB】12. in the days of Joiakim were priests, the chief of the fathers—As there had been priests in the days of Jeshua, so in the time of Joiakim, the son and successor of Jeshua, the sons of those persons filled the priestly office in the place of their fathers, some of whom were still alive, though many were dead.
【느12:23 JFB】23. The sons of Levi … were written in the book of the chronicles—that is, the public registers in which the genealogies were kept with great regularity and exactness.
【느12:27 JFB】27-43. at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem—This ceremony of consecrating the wall and gates of the city was an act of piety on the part of Nehemiah, not merely to thank God in a general way for having been enabled to bring the building to a happy completion, but especially because that city was the place which He had chosen. It also contained the temple which was hallowed by the manifestation of His presence, and anew set apart to His service. It was on these accounts that Jerusalem was called "the holy city," and by this public and solemn act of religious observance, after a long period of neglect and desecration, it was, as it were, restored to its rightful proprietor. The dedication consisted in a solemn ceremonial, in which the leading authorities, accompanied by the Levitical singers, summoned from all parts of the country, and by a vast concourse of people, marched in imposing procession round the city walls, and, pausing at intervals to engage in united praises, prayer, and sacrifices, supplicated the continued presence, favor, and blessing on "the holy city." "The assembly convened near Jaffa Gate, where the procession commences. Then (느12:31) I brought up the princes of Judah upon the wall (near the Valley Gate), and appointed two great companies of them that gave thanks, whereof one went on the right hand upon the wall towards the dung gate (through Bethzo). And after them went Hoshaiah, and half of the princes of Judah. And (느12:37) at the fountain gate, which was over against them, they (descending by the Tower of Siloam on the interior, and then reascending) went up by the stairs of the city of David, at the going up of the wall, above the house of David, even unto the water gate eastward (by the staircase of the rampart, having descended to dedicate the fountain structures). And the other company of them that gave thanks went over against them (both parties having started from the junction of the first and second walls), and I after them, and the half of the people upon the wall, from beyond the tower of the furnaces even unto the broad wall (beyond the corner gate). And from above the gate of Ephraim, and above the old gate (and the gate of Benjamin), and above the fish gate, and the tower of Hananeel, and the tower of Meah, even unto the sheep gate; and they stood still in the prison gate (or high gate, at the east end of the bridge). So stood the two companies of them that gave thanks in the house of God, and I, and half of the rulers with me (having thus performed the circuit of the investing walls), and arrived in the courts of the temple" [Barclay, City of the Great King].
【느12:27 MHCC】All our cities, all our houses, must have holiness to the Lord written upon them. The believer should undertake nothing which he does not dedicate to the Lord. We are concerned to cleanse our hands, and purify our hearts, when any work for God is to pass through them. Those that would be employed to sanctify others, must sanctify themselves, and set themselves apart for God. To those who are sanctified, all their creature-comforts and enjoyments are made holy. The people greatly rejoiced. All that share in public mercies, ought to join in public thanksgivings.
【느12:43 JFB】43. the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off—The events of the day, viewed in connection with the now repaired and beautified state of the city, raised the popular feeling to the highest pitch of enthusiasm, and the fame of their rejoicings was spread far and near.
【느12:44 JFB】44. portions of the law—that is, "prescribed by the law."
for Judah rejoiced for the priests and … Levites that waited—The cause of this general satisfaction was either the full restoration of the temple service and the reorganized provision for the permanent support of the ministry, or it was the pious character and eminent gifts of the guardians of religion.
【느12:44 MHCC】When the solemnities of a thanksgiving day leave such impressions on ministers and people, that both are more careful and cheerful in doing their duty, they are indeed acceptable to the Lord, and turn to good account. And whatever we do, must be purified by the blood of sprinkling, and by the grace of the Holy Spirit, or it cannot be acceptable to God.
【느12:45 JFB】45. the singers and the porters kept … the ward of the purification—that is, took care that no unclean person was allowed to enter within the precincts of the sacred building. This was the official duty of the porters (대하23:19), with whom, owing to the pressure of circumstances, it was deemed expedient that the singers should be associated as assistants.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.