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■ 누가복음 12장
1. 그 동안에 무리 수만 명이 모여 서로 밟힐 만큼 되었더니 예수께서 먼저 제자들에게 말씀하여 가라사대 바리새인들의 누룩 곧 외식을 주의하라
In the mean time , when there were gathered together an innumerable multitude of people , insomuch that they trode one upon another , he began to say unto his disciples first of all , Beware ye of the leaven of the Pharisees , which is hypocrisy .
2. 감추인 것이 드러나지 않을 것이 없고 숨은 것이 알려지지 않을 것이 없나니
For there is nothing covered , that shall not be revealed ; neither hid , that shall not be known .
3. 이러므로 너희가 어두운 데서 말한 모든 것이 광명한 데서 들리고 너희가 골방에서 귀에 대고 말한 것이 집 위에서 전파되리라
Therefore whatsoever ye have spoken in darkness shall be heard in the light ; and that which ye have spoken in the ear in closets shall be proclaimed upon the housetops .
4. 내가 내 친구 너희에게 말하노니 몸을 죽이고 그 후에는 능히 더 못하는 자들을 두려워하지 말라
And I say unto you my friends , Be not afraid of them that kill the body , and after that have no more that they can do .
5. 마땅히 두려워할 자를 내가 너희에게 보이리니 곧 죽인 후에 또한 지옥에 던져 넣는 권세 있는 그를 두려워하라 내가 참으로 너희에게 이르노니 그를 두려워하라
But I will forewarn you whom ye shall fear : Fear him, which after he hath killed hath power to cast into hell ; yea , I say unto you , Fear him .
6. 참새 다섯이 앗사리온 둘에 팔리는 것이 아니냐 그러나 하나님 앞에는 그 하나라도 잊어버리시는 바 되지 아니하는도다
Are not five sparrows sold for two farthings , and not one of them is forgotten before God ?
7. 너희에게는 오히려 머리털까지도 다 세신 바 되었나니 두려워하지 말라 너희는 많은 참새보다 귀하니라
But even the very hairs of your head are all numbered . Fear not therefore : ye are of more value than many sparrows .
8. 내가 또한 너희에게 말하노니 누구든지 사람 앞에서 나를 시인하면 인자도 하나님의 사자들 앞에서 저를 시인할 것이요
Also I say unto you , Whosoever shall confess me before men , him shall the Son of man also confess before the angels of God :
9. 사람 앞에서 나를 부인하는 자는 하나님의 사자들 앞에서 부인함을 받으리라
But he that denieth me before men shall be denied before the angels of God .
10. 누구든지 말로 인자를 거역하면 사하심을 받으려니와 성령을 거역하는 자는 사하심을 받지 못하리라
And whosoever shall speak a word against the Son of man , it shall be forgiven him : but unto him that blasphemeth against the Holy Ghost it shall not be forgiven .
11. 사람이 너희를 회당과 정사 잡은 이와 권세 있는 이 앞에 끌고 가거든 어떻게 무엇으로 대답하며 무엇으로 말할 것을 염려치 말라
And when they bring you unto the synagogues , and unto magistrates , and powers , take ye no thought how or what thing ye shall answer , or what ye shall say :
12. 마땅히 할 말을 성령이 곧 그 때에 너희에게 가르치시리라 하시니라
For the Holy Ghost shall teach you in the same hour what ye ought to say .
13. 무리 중에 한 사람이 이르되 선생님 내 형을 명하여 유업을 나와 나누게 하소서 하니
And one of the company said unto him , Master , speak to my brother , that he divide the inheritance with me .
14. 이르시되 이 사람아 누가 나를 너희의 재판장이나 물건 나누는 자로 세웠느냐 하시고
And he said unto him , Man , who made me a judge or a divider over you ?
15. 저희에게 이르시되 삼가 모든 탐심을 물리치라 사람의 생명이 그 소유의 넉넉한 데 있지 아니하니라 하시고
And he said unto them , Take heed , and beware of covetousness : for a man’s life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth .
16. 또 비유로 저희에게 일러 가라사대 한 부자가 그 밭에 소출이 풍성하매
And he spake a parable unto them , saying , The ground of a certain rich man brought forth plentifully :
17. 심중에 생각하여 가로되 내가 곡식 쌓아 둘 곳이 없으니 어찌할꼬 하고
And he thought within himself , saying , What shall I do , because I have no room where to bestow my fruits ?
18. 또 가로되 내가 이렇게 하리라 내 곡간을 헐고 더 크게 짓고 내 모든 곡식과 물건을 거기 쌓아 두리라
And he said , This will I do : I will pull down my barns , and build greater ; and there will I bestow all my fruits and my goods .
19. 또 내가 내 영혼에게 이르되 영혼아 여러 해 쓸 물건을 많이 쌓아 두었으니 평안히 쉬고 먹고 마시고 즐거워하자 하리라 하되
And I will say to my soul , Soul , thou hast much goods laid up for many years ; take thine ease , eat , drink , and be merry .
20. 하나님은 이르시되 어리석은 자여 오늘 밤에 네 영혼을 도로 찾으리니 그러면 네 예비한 것이 뉘 것이 되겠느냐 하셨으니
But God said unto him , Thou fool , this night thy soul shall be required of thee : then whose shall those things be , which thou hast provided ?
21. 자기를 위하여 재물을 쌓아 두고 하나님께 대하여 부요치 못한 자가 이와 같으니라
So is he that layeth up treasure for himself , and is not rich toward God .
22. 또 제자들에게 이르시되 그러므로 내가 너희에게 이르노니 너희 목숨을 위하여 무엇을 먹을까 몸을 위하여 무엇을 입을까 염려하지 말라
And he said unto his disciples , Therefore I say unto you , Take no thought for your life , what ye shall eat ; neither for the body , what ye shall put on .
23. 목숨이 음식보다 중하고 몸이 의복보다 중하니라
The life is more than meat , and the body is more than raiment .
24. 까마귀를 생각하라 심지도 아니하고 거두지도 아니하며 골방도 없고 창고도 없으되 하나님이 기르시나니 너희는 새보다 얼마나 더 귀하냐
Consider the ravens : for they neither sow nor reap ; which neither have storehouse nor barn ; and God feedeth them : how much more are ye better than the fowls ?
25. 또 너희 중에 누가 염려함으로 그 키를 한 자나 더할 수 있느냐
And which of you with taking thought can add to his stature one cubit ?
26. 그런즉 지극히 작은 것이라도 능치 못하거든 어찌 그 다른 것을 염려하느냐
If ye then be not able to do that thing which is least , why take ye thought for the rest ?
27. 백합화를 생각하여 보아라 실도 만들지 않고 짜지도 아니하느니라 그러나 내가 너희에게 말하노니 솔로몬의 모든 영광으로도 입은 것이 이 꽃 하나만 같지 못하였느니라
Consider the lilies how they grow : they toil not , they spin not ; and yet I say unto you , that Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these .
28. 오늘 있다가 내일 아궁이에 던지우는 들풀도 하나님이 이렇게 입히시거든 하물며 너희일까보냐 믿음이 적은 자들아
If then God so clothe the grass , which is to day in the field , and to morrow is cast into the oven ; how much more will he clothe you , O ye of little faith ?
29. 너희는 무엇을 먹을까 무엇을 마실까 하여 구하지 말며 근심하지도 말라
And seek not ye what ye shall eat , or what ye shall drink , neither be ye of doubtful mind .
30. 이 모든 것은 세상 백성들이 구하는 것이라 너희 아버지께서 이런 것이 너희에게 있어야 될 줄을 아시느니라
For all these things do the nations of the world seek after : and your Father knoweth that ye have need of these things .
31. 오직 너희는 그의 나라를 구하라 그리하면 이런 것을 너희에게 더하시리라
But rather seek ye the kingdom of God ; and all these things shall be added unto you .
32. 적은 무리여 무서워 말라 너희 아버지께서 그 나라를 너희에게 주시기를 기뻐하시느니라
Fear not , little flock ; for it is your Father’s good pleasure to give you the kingdom .
33. 너희 소유를 팔아 구제하여 낡아지지 아니하는 주머니를 만들라 곧 하늘에 둔 바 다함이 없는 보물이니 거기는 도적도 가까이 하는 일이 없고 좀도 먹는 일이 없느니라
Sell that ye have , and give alms ; provide yourselves bags which wax not old , a treasure in the heavens that faileth not , where no thief approacheth , neither moth corrupteth .
34. 너희 보물 있는 곳에는 너희 마음도 있으리라
For where your treasure is , there will your heart be also .
35. 허리에 띠를 띠고 등불을 켜고 서 있으라
Let your loins be girded about , and your lights burning ;
36. 너희는 마치 그 주인이 혼인 집에서 돌아와 문을 두드리면 곧 열어주려고 기다리는 사람과 같이 되라
And ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their lord , when he will return from the wedding ; that when he cometh and knocketh , they may open unto him immediately .
37. 주인이 와서 깨어 있는 것을 보면 그 종들은 복이 있으리로다 내가 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 주인이 띠를 띠고 그 종들을 자리에 앉히고 나아와 수종하리라
Blessed are those servants , whom the lord when he cometh shall find watching : verily I say unto you , that he shall gird himself , and make them to sit down to meat , and will come forth and serve them .
38. 주인이 혹 이경에나 혹 삼경에 이르러서도 종들의 이같이 하는 것을 보면 그 종들은 복이 있으리로다
And if he shall come in the second watch , or come in the third watch , and find them so , blessed are those servants .
39. 너희도 아는 바니 집 주인이 만일 도적이 어느 때에 이를 줄 알았더면 그 집을 뚫지 못하게 하였으리라
And this know , that if the goodman of the house had known what hour the thief would come , he would have watched , and not have suffered his house to be broken through .
40. 이러므로 너희도 예비하고 있으라 생각지 않은 때에 인자가 오리라 하시니라
Be ye therefore ready also : for the Son of man cometh at an hour when ye think not .
41. 베드로가 여짜오되 주께서 이 비유를 우리에게 하심이니이까 모든 사람에게 하심이니이까
Then Peter said unto him , Lord , speakest thou this parable unto us , or even to all ?
42. 주께서 가라사대 지혜있고 진실한 청지기가 되어 주인에게 그 집 종들을 맡아 때를 따라 양식을 나누어 줄 자가 누구냐
And the Lord said , Who then is that faithful and wise steward , whom his lord shall make ruler over his household , to give them their portion of meat in due season ?
43. 주인이 이를 때에 그 종의 이렇게 하는 것을 보면 그 종이 복이 있으리로다
Blessed is that servant , whom his lord when he cometh shall find so doing .
44. 내가 참으로 너희에게 이르노니 주인이 그 모든 소유를 저에게 맡기리라
Of a truth I say unto you , that he will make him ruler over all that he hath .
45. 만일 그 종이 마음에 생각하기를 주인이 더디 오리라 하여 노비를 때리며 먹고 마시고 취하게 되면
But and if that servant say in his heart , My lord delayeth his coming ; and shall begin to beat the menservants and maidens , and to eat and drink , and to be drunken ;
46. 생각지 않은 날 알지 못하는 시간에 이 종의 주인이 이르러 엄히 때리고 신실치 아니한 자의 받는 율에 처하리니
The lord of that servant will come in a day when he looketh not for him, and at an hour when he is not aware , and will cut him in sunder , and will appoint him his portion with the unbelievers .
47. 주인의 뜻을 알고도 예비치 아니하고 그 뜻대로 행치 아니한 종은 많이 맞을 것이요
And that servant , which knew his lord’s will , and prepared not himself, neither did according to his will , shall be beaten with many stripes.
48. 알지 못하고 맞을 일을 행한 종은 적게 맞으리라 무릇 많이 받은 자에게는 많이 찾을 것이요 많이 맡은 자에게는 많이 달라 할 것이니라
But he that knew not , and did commit things worthy of stripes , shall be beaten with few stripes. For unto whomsoever much is given , of him shall be much required : and to whom men have committed much , of him they will ask the more .
49. 내가 불을 땅에 던지러 왔노니 이 불이 이미 붙었으면 내가 무엇을 원하리요
I am come to send fire on the earth ; and what will I , if it be already kindled ?
50. 나는 받을 침례가 있으니 그 이루기까지 나의 답답함이 어떠하겠느냐
But I have a baptism to be baptized with ; and how am I straitened till it be accomplished !
51. 내가 세상에 화평을 주려고 온 줄로 아느냐 내가 너희에게 이르노니 아니라 도리어 분쟁케 하려 함이로라
Suppose ye that I am come to give peace on earth ? I tell you , Nay ; but rather division :
52. 이 후부터 한 집에 다섯 사람이 있어 분쟁하되 셋이 둘과, 둘이 셋과 하리니
For from henceforth there shall be five in one house divided , three against two , and two against three .
53. 아비가 아들과, 아들이 아비와, 어미가 딸과, 딸이 어미와, 시어미가 며느리와, 며느리가 시어미와 분쟁하리라 하시니라
The father shall be divided against the son , and the son against the father ; the mother against the daughter , and the daughter against the mother ; the mother in law against her daughter in law , and the daughter in law against her mother in law .
54. 또 무리에게 이르시되 너희가 구름이 서에서 일어남을 보면 곧 말하기를 소나기가 오리라 하나니 과연 그러하고
And he said also to the people , When ye see a cloud rise out of the west , straightway ye say , There cometh a shower ; and so it is .
55. 남풍이 붊을 보면 말하기를 심히 더우리라 하나니 과연 그러하니라
And when ye see the south wind blow , ye say , There will be heat ; and it cometh to pass .
56. 외식하는 자여 너희가 천지의 기상은 분변할 줄을 알면서 어찌 이 시대는 분변치 못하느냐
Ye hypocrites , ye can discern the face of the sky and of the earth ; but how is it that ye do not discern this time ?
57. 또 어찌하여 옳은 것을 스스로 판단치 아니하느냐
Yea, and why even of yourselves judge ye not what is right ?
58. 네가 너를 고소할 자와 함께 법관에게 갈 때에 길에서 화해하기를 힘쓰라 저가 너를 재판장에게 끌어 가고 재판장이 너를 관속에게 넘겨 주어 관속이 옥에 가둘까 염려하라
When thou goest with thine adversary to the magistrate , as thou art in the way , give diligence that thou mayest be delivered from him ; lest he hale thee to the judge , and the judge deliver thee to the officer , and the officer cast thee into prison .
59. 네게 이르노니 호리라도 남김이 없이 갚지 아니하여서는 결단코 저기서 나오지 못하리라 하시니라
I tell thee , thou shalt not depart thence , till thou hast paid the very last mite .
■ 주석 보기
【눅12:1 JFB】Lu 12:1-12. Warning against Hypocrisy.
1-3. meantime—in close connection, probably, with the foregoing scene. Our Lord had been speaking out more plainly than ever before, as matters were coming to a head between Him and His enemies, and this seems to have suggested to His own mind the warning here. He had just Himself illustriously exemplified His own precepts.
his disciples first of all—afterwards to "the multitudes" (Lu 12:54).
covered—from the view.
【눅12:1 CWC】[WARNINGS]
This chapter, almost entirely original with Luke, consists of four warnings against hypocrisy (1-12), covetousness (vv. 13-24) carelessness (vv. 25-48), ignorance (vv. 49-59).
1. Hypocrisy (vv. 1-12).
Note the fearlessness of Christ (v. 1), and in the same verse the typical use of "leaven" in the sense of evil, which is never used otherwise in the Bible. Hypocrisy will not avail in the day of judgment (vv. 2-3), and one of its causes, the fear of man (v. 4), is supremely foolish in the light of responsibility to God (v. 5), and in the light of His abounding care for us (vv. 6-7). The lesson is that of open acknowledgment of Jesus Christ in order to His acknowledgment of us, (vv. 8-10), even though it mean trial and suffering (vv. 11-12). The explanation of verse 10 seems to be that one might speak against the Son of Man and do it ignorantly. But it is the office of the Holy Ghost to testify to Christ and make Him known, and thus he who rejects that testimony puts himself outside of the pale of salvation and hence, forgiveness.
2. Covetousness vv. 13-24.
There is a closer connection in thought between this and the foregoing than appears at first. The disciple might be called a fool who would act according to the foregoing, but the real fool is now brought into view. He is a covetous man (cf. 겔33:31) for that was the animus of him who made this request of Jesus (vv. 13-15). The latter was setting forth the heavenly calling, but his questioner thought only of his possessions in the present life. This explains the parable that follows (vv. 16-21), and in the light of it all the verses are to be interpreted down to 48, but especially to 34. "Take no thought" (v. 22) means no anxious, worrying thought indicative of a lack of faith and knowledge of God in. Christ. The birds of the air and the grass of the field might teach us lessons (vv 24-28). Such a spirit belongs to the world, but not to the family of God (vv. 29-34).
3. Carelessness vv. 35-48.
is connected with covetousness, for he who is absorbed in the things of earth is not getting prepared for those of heaven, which will be his when the Lord comes again. It is to be noted that He comes before daybreak (v. 38) hence, the need of always watching, and working too (vv. 42-48, cf. with 고전15:58). The unfaithful disciple, the merely professing Christian will have his portion with the unbelievers.
4. Ignorance vv. 49-59.
is the cause of carelessness. In other words we are not to expect peace and worldly co-operation in the present age but unpopularity and divisions. Happy are we, if warned by our surroundings we take the right course (v. 57) for judgment cometh (vv. 58-59). In the "Sermon on the Mount," our Lord used similar language, but then as another says, He was pressing on His disciples the importance of reconciliation with an adversary. Here He is teaching the multitudes a similar lesson in view of the judgment, but in both instances we are reminded that there is no mercy for the guilty at the bar of God. "Now is the accepted time, to-day is the day of salvation."
【눅12:1 MHCC】A firm belief of the doctrine of God's universal providence, and the extent of it, would satisfy us when in peril, and encourage us to trust God in the way of duty. Providence takes notice of the meanest creatures, even of the sparrows, and therefore of the smallest interests of the disciples of Christ. Those who confess Christ now, shall be owned by him in the great day, before the angels of God. To deter us from denying Christ, and deserting his truths and ways, we are here assured that those who deny Christ, though they may thus save life itself, and though they may gain a kingdom by it, will be great losers at last; for Christ will not know them, will not own them, nor show them favour. But let no trembling, penitent backslider doubt of obtaining forgiveness. This is far different from the determined enmity that is blasphemy against the Holy Ghost, which shall never be forgiven, because it will never be repented of.
【눅12:2 JFB】2. hid—from knowledge. "Tis no use concealing anything, for all will one day come out. Give free and fearless utterance then to all the truth." (Compare 고전4:3, 5).
【눅12:4 JFB】4, 5. I say, &c.—You will say, That may cost us our life. Be it so; but, "My friends, there their power ends." He calls them "my friends" here, not in any loose sense, but, as we think, from the feeling He then had that in this "killing of the body" He and they were going to be affectingly one with each other.
【눅12:5 JFB】5. Fear Him … Fear Him—how striking the repetition here! Only the one fear would effectually expel the other.
after he hath killed, &c.—Learn here—(1) To play false with one's convictions to save one's life, may fail of its end after all, for God can inflict a violent death in some other and equally formidable way. (2) There is a hell, it seems, for the body as well as the soul; consequently, sufferings adapted to the one as well as the other. (3) Fear of hell is a divinely authorized and needed motive of action even to Christ's "friends." (4) As Christ's meekness and gentleness were not compromised by such harsh notes as these, so those servants of Christ lack their Master's spirit who soften down all such language to please ears "polite." (See on 막9:43-48).
【눅12:6 JFB】6, 7. five … for two farthings—In 마10:29 it is "two for one farthing"; so if one took two farthings' worth, he got one in addition—of such small value were they.
than many sparrows—not "than millions of sparrows"; the charm and power of our Lord's teaching is very much in this simplicity.
【눅12:8 JFB】8, 9. confess … deny—The point lies in doing it "before men," because one has to do it "despising the shame." But when done, the Lord holds Himself bound to repay it in kind by confessing such "before the angels of God." For the rest, see on Lu 9:26.
【눅12:10 JFB】10. Son of man … Holy Ghost—(See on 마12:31, 32).
【눅12:13 JFB】Lu 12:13-53. Covetousness—Watchfulness—Superiority to Earthly Ties.
13. Master, &c.—that is, "Great Preacher of righteousness, help; there is need of Thee in this rapacious world; here am I the victim of injustice, and that from my own brother, who withholds from me my rightful share of the inheritance that has fallen to us." In this most inopportune intrusion upon the solemnities of our Lord's teaching, there is a mixture of the absurd and the irreverent, the one, however, occasioning the other. The man had not the least idea that his case was not of as urgent a nature, and as worthy the attention of our Lord, as anything else He could deal with.
【눅12:13 MHCC】Christ's kingdom is spiritual, and not of this world. Christianity does not meddle with politics; it obliges all to do justly, but wordly dominion is not founded in grace. It does not encourage expectations of worldly advantages by religion. The rewards of Christ's disciples are of another nature. Covetousness is a sin we need constantly to be warned against; for happiness and comfort do not depend on the wealth of this world. The things of the world will not satisfy the desires of a soul. Here is a parable, which shows the folly of carnal worldling while they live, and their misery when they die. The character drawn is exactly that of a prudent, worldly man, who has no grateful regard to the providence of God, nor any right thought of the uncertainty of human affairs, the worth of his soul, or the importance of eternity. How many, even among professed Christians, point out similar characters as models for imitation, and proper persons to form connexions with! We mistake if we think that thoughts are hid, and thoughts are free. When he saw a great crop upon his ground, instead of thanking God for it, or rejoicing to be able to do more good, he afflicts himself. What shall I do now? The poorest beggar in the country could not have said a more anxious word. The more men have, the more perplexity they have with it. It was folly for him to think of making no other use of his plenty, than to indulge the flesh and gratify the sensual appetites, without any thought of doing good to others. Carnal worldlings are fools; and the day is coming when God will call them by their own name, and they will call themselves so. The death of such persons is miserable in itself, and terrible to them. Thy soul shall be required. He is loth to part with it; but God shall require it, shall require an account of it, require it as a guilty soul to be punished without delay. It is the folly of most men, to mind and pursue that which is for the body and for time only, more than that for the soul and eternity.
【눅12:14 JFB】14. Man, &c.—Contrast this style of address with "my friends," (Lu 12:4).
who, &c.—a question literally repudiating the office which Moses assumed (출2:14). The influence of religious teachers in the external relations of life has ever been immense, when only theINDIRECTeffect of their teaching; but whenever they intermeddleDIRECTLYwith secular and political matters, the spell of that influence is broken.
【눅12:15 JFB】15. unto them—the multitude around Him (Lu 12:1).
of covetousness—The best copies have "all," that is, "every kind of covetousness"; because as this was one of the more plausible forms of it, so He would strike at once at the root of the evil.
a man's life, &c.—a singularly weighty maxim, and not less so because its meaning and its truth are equally evident.
【눅12:16 JFB】16-19. a certain rich man, &c.—Why is this man called a "fool?" (Lu 12:20) (1) Because he deemed a life of secure and abundant earthly enjoyment the summit of human felicity. (2) Because, possessing the means of this, through prosperity in his calling, he flattered himself that he had a long lease of such enjoyment, and nothing to do but give himself up to it. Nothing else is laid to his charge.
【눅12:20 JFB】20, 21. this night, &c.—This sudden cutting short of his career is designed to express not only the folly of building securely upon the future, but of throwing one's whole soul into what may at any moment be gone. "Thy soul shall be required of thee" is put in opposition to his own treatment of it, "I will say to my soul, Soul," &c.
whose shall those things be, &c.—Compare 시39:6, "He heapeth up riches and knoweth not who shall gather them."
【눅12:21 JFB】21. So is he, &c.—Such is a picture of his folly here, and of its awful issue.
and is not rich toward God—lives to amass and enjoy riches which terminate on self, but as to the riches of God's favor, which is life (시30:5), of "precious" faith (벧후1:1; 약2:5), of good works (딤전6:18), of wisdom which is better than rubies (잠8:11)—lives and dies a beggar!
【눅12:22 JFB】22-31. (See on 마6:25-33).
【눅12:22 MHCC】Christ largely insisted upon this caution not to give way to disquieting, perplexing cares, 마6:25–34. The arguments here used are for our encouragement to cast our care upon God, which is the right way to get ease. As in our stature, so in our state, it is our wisdom to take it as it is. An eager, anxious pursuit of the things of this world, even necessary things, ill becomes the disciples of Christ. Fears must not prevail; when we frighten ourselves with thoughts of evil to come, and put ourselves upon needless cares how to avoid it. If we value the beauty of holiness, we shall not crave the luxuries of life. Let us then examine whether we belong to this little flock. Christ is our Master, and we are his servants; not only working servants, but waiting servants. We must be as men that wait for their lord, that sit up while he stays out late, to be ready to receive him. In this Christ alluded to his own ascension to heaven, his coming to call his people to him by death, and his return to judge the world. We are uncertain as to the time of his coming to us, we should therefore be always ready. If men thus take care of their houses, let us be thus wise for our souls. Be ye therefore ready also; as ready as the good man of the house would be, if he knew at what hour the thief would come.
【눅12:25 JFB】25, 26. which of you, &c.—Corroding solicitude will not bring you the least of the things ye fret about, though it may double the evil of wanting them. And if not the least, why vex yourselves about things of more consequence?
【눅12:29 JFB】29. of doubtful, &c.—unsettled mind; put off your balance.
【눅12:32 JFB】32. little flock, &c.—How sublime and touching a contrast between this tender and pitying appellation, "Little flock" (in the original a double diminutive, which in German can be expressed, but not in English)—and the "good pleasure" of the Father to give them the Kingdom; the one recalling the insignificance and helplessness of that then literal handful of disciples, the other holding up to their view the eternal love that encircled them, the everlasting arms that were underneath them, and the high inheritance awaiting them!—"the kingdom"; grand word; then why not "bread" (Lu 12:31 [Bengel]). Well might He say, "Fear not!"
【눅12:33 JFB】33, 34. Sell, &c.—This is but a more vivid expression of 마6:19-21 (see on 마6:19-21).
【눅12:35 JFB】35-40. loins … girded—to fasten up the long outer garment, always done before travel and work (왕하4:29; 행12:8). The meaning is, Be in readiness.
lights, &c.—(See on 마25:1).
【눅12:36 JFB】36. return from the wedding—not come to it, as in the parable of the virgins. Both have their spiritual significance; but preparedness for Christ's coming is the prominent idea.
【눅12:37 JFB】37. gird himself, &c.—"a promise the most august of all: Thus will the Bridegroom entertain his friends (nay, servants) on the solemn Nuptial Day" [Bengel].
【눅12:38 JFB】38. second … third watch—To find them ready to receive Him at any hour of day or night, when one might least of all expect Him, is peculiarly blessed. A servant may be truly faithful, even though taken so far unawares that he has not everything in such order and readiness for his master's return as he thinks is due to him, and both could and would have had if he had had notice of the time of his coming, and so may not be willing to open to him "immediately," but fly to preparation, and let his master knock again ere he admit him, and even then not with full joy. A too common case this with Christians. But if the servant have himself and all under his charge in such a state that at any hour when his master knocks, he can open to him "immediately," and hail his "return"—that is the most enviable, "blessed" servant of all.
【눅12:41 JFB】41-48. unto us or even to all?—us the Twelve, or all this vast audience?
【눅12:41 MHCC】All are to take to themselves what Christ says in his word, and to inquire concerning it. No one is left so ignorant as not to know many things to be wrong which he does, and many things to be right which he neglects; therefore all are without excuse in their sin. The bringing in the gospel dispensation would occasion desolations. Not that this would be the tendency of Christ's religion, which is pure, peaceable, and loving; but the effect of its being contrary to men's pride and lusts. There was to be a wide publication of the gospel. But before that took place, Christ had a baptism to be baptized with, far different from that of water and the Holy Spirit. He must endure sufferings and death. It agreed not with his plan to preach the gospel more widely, till this baptism was completed. We should be zealous in making known the truth, for though divisions will be stirred up, and a man's own household may be his foes, yet sinners will be converted, and God will be glorified.
【눅12:42 JFB】42. Who then, &c.—answering the question indirectly by another question, from which they were left to gather what it would be:—To you certainly in the first instance, representing the "stewards" of the "household" I am about to collect, but generally to all "servants" in My house.
faithful and wise—Fidelity is the first requisite in a servant, wisdom (discretion and judgment in the exercise of his functions), the next.
steward—house steward, whose it was to distribute to the servants their allotted portion of food.
shall make—will deem fit to be made.
【눅12:44 JFB】44. make him ruler over all he hath—will advance him to the highest post, referring to the world to come. (See 마25:21, 23).
【눅12:45 JFB】45. begin to beat, &c.—In the confidence that his Lord's return will not be speedy, he throws off the role of servant and plays the master, maltreating those faithful servants who refuse to join him, seizing on and revelling in the fulness of his master's board; intending, when he has got his fill, to resume the mask of fidelity ere his master appear.
【눅12:46 JFB】46. cut him in sunder—a punishment not unknown in the East; compare 히11:37, "sawn asunder" (삼상15:33; 단2:5).
the unbelievers—the unfaithful, those unworthy of trust (마24:51), "the hypocrites," falsely calling themselves "servants."
【눅12:48 JFB】48. knew not—that is knew but partially; for some knowledge is presupposed both in the name "servant" of Christ, and his being liable to punishment at all.
many … few stripes—degrees of future punishment proportioned to the knowledge sinned against. Even heathens are not without knowledge enough for future judgment; but the reference here is not to such. It is a solemn truth, and though general, like all other revelations of the future world, discloses a tangible and momentous principle in its awards.
【눅12:49 JFB】49-53. to send—cast.
fire—"the higher spiritual element of life which Jesus came to introduce into this earth (compare 마3:11), with reference to its mighty effects in quickening all that is akin to it and destroying all that is opposed. To cause this element of life to take up its abode on earth, and wholly to pervade human hearts with its warmth, was the lofty destiny of the Redeemer" [Olshausen: so Calvin, Stier, Alford, &c.].
what will I, &c.—an obscure expression, uttered under deep and half-smothered emotion. In its general import all are agreed; but the nearest to the precise meaning seems to be, "And what should I have to desire if it were once already kindled?" [Bengel and Bloomfield].
【눅12:50 JFB】50. But … a baptism, &c.—clearly, His own bloody baptism, first to take place.
how … straitened—not, "how do I long for its accomplishment," as many understand it, thus making it but a repetition of Lu 12:49; but "what a pressure of spirit is upon Me."
till it be accomplished—till it be over. Before a promiscuous audience, such obscure language was fit on a theme like this; but oh, what surges of mysterious emotion in the view of what was now so near at hand does it reveal!
【눅12:51 JFB】51. peace … ? Nay, &c.—the reverse of peace, in the first instance. (See on 마10:34-36.) The connection of all this with the foregoing warnings about hypocrisy, covetousness, and watchfulness, is deeply solemn: "My conflict hasten apace; Mine over, yours begins; and then, let the servants tread in their Master's steps, uttering their testimony entire and fearless, neither loving nor dreading the world, anticipating awful wrenches of the dearest ties in life, but looking forward, as I do, to the completion of their testimony, when, reaching the haven after the tempest, they shall enter into the joy of their Lord."
【눅12:54 JFB】Lu 12:54-59. Not Discerning the Signs of the Time.
54. to the people—"the multitude," a word of special warning to the thoughtless crowd, before dismissing them. (See on 마16:2, 3).
【눅12:54 MHCC】Christ would have the people to be as wise in the concerns of their souls as they are in outward affairs. Let them hasten to obtain peace with God before it is too late. If any man has found that God has set himself against him concerning his sins, let him apply to him as God in Christ reconciling the world to himself. While we are alive, we are in the way, and now is our time.
【눅12:56 JFB】56. how … not discern, &c.—unable to perceive what a critical period that was for the Jewish Church.
【눅12:57 JFB】57. why even of yourselves, &c.—They might say, To do this requires more knowledge of Scripture and providence than we possess; but He sends them to their own conscience, as enough to show them who He was, and win them to immediate discipleship.
【눅12:58 JFB】58. When thou goest, &c.—(See on 마5:25, 26). The urgency of the case with them, and the necessity, for their own safety, of immediate decision, was the object of these striking words.
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