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■ 고린도후서 8장
1. 형제들아 하나님께서 마게도냐 교회들에게 주신 은혜를 우리가 너희에게 알게 하노니
Moreover , brethren , we do you to wit of the grace of God bestowed on the churches of Macedonia ;
2. 환난의 많은 시련 가운데서 저희 넘치는 기쁨과 극한 가난이 저희로 풍성한 연보를 넘치도록 하게 하였느니라
How that in a great trial of affliction the abundance of their joy and their deep poverty abounded unto the riches of their liberality .
3. 내가 증거하노니 저희가 힘대로 할 뿐 아니라 힘에 지나도록 자원하여
For to their power , I bear record , yea, and beyond their power they were willing of themselves ;
4. 이 은혜와 성도 섬기는 일에 참여함에 대하여 우리에게 간절히 구하니
Praying us with much intreaty that we would receive the gift , and take upon us the fellowship of the ministering to the saints .
5. 우리의 바라던 것뿐 아니라 저희가 먼저 자신을 주께 드리고 또 하나님 뜻을 좇아 우리에게 주었도다
And this they did, not as we hoped , but first gave their own selves to the Lord , and unto us by the will of God .
6. 이러므로 우리가 디도를 권하여 너희 가운데서 시작하였은즉 이 은혜를 그대로 성취케 하라 하였노라
Insomuch that we desired Titus , that as he had begun , so he would also finish in you the same grace also .
7. 오직 너희는 믿음과 말과 지식과 모든 간절함과 우리를 사랑하는 이 모든 일에 풍성한 것 같이 이 은혜에도 풍성하게 할지니라
Therefore , as ye abound in every thing, in faith , and utterance , and knowledge , and in all diligence , and in your love to us , see that ye abound in this grace also .
8. 내가 명령으로 하는 말이 아니요 오직 다른 이들의 간절함을 가지고 너희의 사랑의 진실함을 증명코자 함이로라
I speak not by commandment , but by occasion of the forwardness of others , and to prove the sincerity of your love .
9. 우리 주 예수 그리스도의 은혜를 너희가 알거니와 부요하신 자로서 너희를 위하여 가난하게 되심은 그의 가난함을 인하여 너희로 부요케 하려 하심이니라
For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ , that , though he was rich , yet for your sakes he became poor , that ye through his poverty might be rich .
10. 이 일에 내가 뜻만 보이노니 이것은 너희에게 유익함이라 너희가 일 년 전에 행하기를 먼저 시작할 뿐 아니라 원하기도 하였은즉
And herein I give my advice : for this is expedient for you , who have begun before , not only to do , but also to be forward a year ago .
11. 이제는 행하기를 성취할지니 마음에 원하던 것과 같이 성취하되 있는 대로 하라
Now therefore perform the doing of it; that as there was a readiness to will , so there may be a performance also out of that which ye have .
12. 할 마음만 있으면 있는 대로 받으실 터이요 없는 것을 받지 아니하시리라
For if there be first a willing mind , it is accepted according to that a man hath , and not according to that he hath not .
13. 이는 다른 사람들은 평안하게 하고 너희는 곤고하게 하려는 것이 아니요 평균케 하려 함이니
For I mean not that other men be eased , and ye burdened :
14. 이제 너희의 유여한 것으로 저희 부족한 것을 보충함은 후에 저희 유여한 것으로 너희 부족한 것을 보충하여 평균하게 하려 함이라
But by an equality , that now at this time your abundance may be a supply for their want , that their abundance also may be a supply for your want : that there may be equality :
15. 기록한 것 같이 많이 거둔 자도 남지 아니하였고 적게 거둔 자도 모자라지 아니하였느니라
As it is written , He that had gathered much had nothing over ; and he that had gathered little had no lack .
16. 너희를 위하여 같은 간절함을 디도의 마음에도 주시는 하나님께 감사하노니
But thanks be to God , which put the same earnest care into the heart of Titus for you .
17. 저가 권함을 받고 더욱 간절함으로 자원하여 너희에게 나아갔고
For indeed he accepted the exhortation ; but being more forward , of his own accord he went unto you .
18. 또 저와 함께 한 형제를 보내었으니 이 사람은 복음으로서 모든 교회에서 칭찬을 받는 자요
And we have sent with him the brother , whose praise is in the gospel throughout all the churches ;
19. 이뿐 아니라 저는 동일한 주의 영광과 우리의 원을 나타내기 위하여 여러 교회의 택함을 입어 우리의 맡은 은혜의 일로 우리와 동행하는 자라
And not that only , but who was also chosen of the churches to travel with us with this grace , which is administered by us to the glory of the same Lord , and declaration of your ready mind :
20. 이것을 조심함은 우리가 맡은 이 거액의 연보로 인하여 아무도 우리를 훼방하지 못하게 하려 함이니
Avoiding this , that no man should blame us in this abundance which is administered by us :
21. 이는 우리가 주 앞에서만 아니라 사람 앞에서도 선한 일에 조심하려 함이라
Providing for honest things , not only in the sight of the Lord , but also in the sight of men .
22. 또 저희와 함께 우리의 한 형제를 보내었노니 우리가 여러 가지 일에 그 간절한 것을 여러 번 시험하였거니와 이제 저가 너희를 크게 믿은 고로 더욱 간절하니라
And we have sent with them our brother , whom we have oftentimes proved diligent in many things , but now much more diligent , upon the great confidence which I have in you .
23. 디도로 말하면 나의 동무요 너희를 위한 나의 동역자요 우리 형제들로 말하면 여러 교회의 사자들이요 그리스도의 영광이니라
Whether any do enquire of Titus , he is my partner and fellowhelper concerning you : or our brethren be enquired of, they are the messengers of the churches , and the glory of Christ .
24. 그러므로 너희는 여러 교회 앞에서 너희의 사랑과 너희를 대한 우리 자랑의 증거를 저희에게 보이라
Wherefore shew ye to them , and before the churches , the proof of your love , and of our boasting on your behalf .
■ 주석 보기
【고후8:1 JFB】고후8:1-24. The Collection for the Saints; the Readiness of the Macedonians a Pattern to the Corinthians; Christ the Highest Pattern; Each Is to Give Willingly after His Ability; Titus and Two Others Are the Agents Accredited to Complete the Collection.
1. we do you to wit—we make known to you.
the grace of God bestowed on the churches of Macedonia—Their liberality was not of themselves naturally, but of God's grace bestowed on them, and enabling them to be the instrument of God's "grace" to others (고후8:6, 19). The importance given in this Epistle to the collection, arose as well from Paul's engagement (갈2:10), as also chiefly from his hope to conciliate the Judaizing Christians at Jerusalem to himself and the Gentile believers, by such an act of love on the part of the latter towards their Jewish brethren.
【고후8:1 CWC】The mother church at Jerusalem was passing through stormy days, and its common chest was replenished by all the daughter churches. Macedonia, in its poverty, had contributed liberally but the wealthy and flourishing Corinthians had been backward, and the apostle devotes nearly one-sixth of his present letter to arguments and pleadings for greater generosity on their part. He enjoins the duty of giving:
1. By the example of the churches in Macedonia (8:1-4). They were poor, yet lavish. The effect of divine grace on their hearts.
2. By the sense of congruity in the Christian life (8:7). They already abounded in other gifts such as faith, utterance and knowledge; liberality therefore was expected. Its absence would be a defect in the symmetry of their spiritual experience.
3. As a proof of their love and gratitude to Jesus Christ (8:8, 9), who, though rich, yet for their sakes had become poor.
4. In consideration of what they professed to be willing to do. Regard for their promises (8:10, 11).
5. The offering would be appreciated not according to its size, but the spirit in which it was given (8:12).
6. The care of the poor saints should not fall on a few but all should be equally burdened (8: 13-15).
7. The apostle's honor was at stake (8:24, al아9:3, 4). He had boasted of their willingness.
8. As they sowed they would reap (9:6).
9. God was able to reward them (9:8-11).
10. They would thus glorify God (9:13).
11. They would thus secure the prayers and love of the saints (9:14).
The foregoing is abbreviated from "Synthetic Bible Studies," but there is further homiletic value in the following division of the chapters in the Scofield Bible: The example of Macedonia (8:1-6); the exhortation, (vv. 7-15); the messengers, (8:9-16:5); the encouragement (vv. 6-15). From the same source we get a summing up of the Christian doctrine of giving, as follows:
(1) It is a "grace," i. e. a disposition created by the Spirit (8, 7). (2) In contrast with the law, which imposed giving as a divine requirement, it is voluntary, and a test of sincerity and love (8:8-12; 9:1, 2, 5, 7). (3) The privilege is universal, belonging, according to ability, to rich and poor (8:1-3, 12-15. Cf. 고전16:1, 2). (4) It is to be proportioned to income (8:12-14, Cf. 고전16:2). The O. T. proportion was the tithe, a proportion which antedates the law (창14:20). (5) Its rewards are (a) joy (8:2); (b) increased ability to give in proportion to that which has been already given (9:7-11); (c) increased thankfulness to God (9:12); (d) God and the gospel glorified (9: 13, 14).
【고후8:1 MHCC】The grace of God must be owned as the root and fountain of all the good in us, or done by us, at any time. It is great grace and favour from God, if we are made useful to others, and forward to any good work. He commends the charity of the Macedonians. So far from needing that Paul should urge them, they prayed him to receive the gift. Whatever we use or lay out for God, it is only giving him what is his own. All we give for charitable uses, will not be accepted of God, nor turn to our advantage, unless we first give ourselves to the Lord. By ascribing all really good works to the grace of God, we not only give the glory to him whose due it is, but also show men where their strength is. Abundant spiritual joy enlarges men's hearts in the work and labour of love. How different this from the conduct of those who will not join in any good work, unless urged into it!
【고후8:2 JFB】2. trial of affliction—The Greek expresses, "in affliction (or, 'tribulation') which tested them"; literally, "in a great testing of affliction."
abundance of their joy—The greater was the depth of their poverty, the greater was the abundance of their joy. A delightful contrast in terms, and triumph, in fact, of spirit over flesh.
their deep poverty—Greek, "their poverty down to the death of it."
abounded unto the riches of their liberality—another beautiful contrast in terms: their poverty had the effect, not of producing stinted gifts, but of "abounding in the riches of liberality" (not as Margin, "simplicity"; though the idea of singleness of motive to God's glory and man's good, probably enters into the idea); (compare 롬12:8, and Margin;고후9:11, Margin; see on 고후9:13; 약1:5).
【고후8:3 JFB】3-5. they were willing—rather, supply from 고후8:5, the ellipsis thus, "According to their power … yea, and beyond their power, THEY GAVE."
of themselves—not only not being besought, but themselves beseeching us.
【고후8:4 JFB】4. that we would receive—omitted in the oldest manuscripts. Translate therefore, "Beseeching of us … the grace and fellowship of (that is, to grant them the favor of sharing in) the ministering unto the saints." The Macedonian contributions must have been from Philippi, because Philippi was the only church that contributed to Paul's support (빌4:10, 15, 16).
【고후8:5 JFB】5. And this they did, not as we hoped—Translate, "And not as we hoped (that is, far beyond our hopes), but their own selves gave they first to the Lord." "First," not indicating priority of time, but first of all, above all in importance. The giving of themselves takes precedency of their other gifts, as being the motive which led them to the latter (롬15:16).
by the will of God—not "according to the will of God," but "moved by the will of God, who made them willing" (빌2:13). It is therefore called (고후8:1), "the grace of God."
【고후8:6 JFB】6. Insomuch that—As we saw the Macedonians' alacrity in giving, we could not but exhort Titus, that as we collected in Macedonia, so he in Corinth should complete the work of collecting which he had already begun there, lest ye, the wealthy people of Corinth, should be outdone in liberality by the poor Macedonians.
as he had begun—Greek, "previously begun," namely, the collection at Corinth, before the Macedonians began to contribute, during the visit to Corinth from which he had just returned.
finish in you the same grace—complete among you this act of grace or beneficence on your part.
also—as well as other things which he had to do among them [Alford].
【고후8:7 JFB】7. in faith—(고후1:24).
utterance—(See on 고전1:5). Not as Alford, "doctrine" or "word."
knowledge—(고전8:1).
diligence—in everything that is good.
your love to us—literally, "love from you (that is, on your part) in us" (that is, which has us for its object; which is felt in the case of us).
【고후8:7 MHCC】Faith is the root; and as without faith it is not possible to please God, 히11:6, so those who abound in faith, will abound in other graces and good works also; and this will work and show itself by love. Great talkers are not always the best doers; but these Corinthians were diligent to do, as well as to know and talk well. To all these good things the apostle desires them to add this grace also, to abound in charity to the poor. The best arguments for Christian duties, are drawn from the grace and love of Christ. Though he was rich, as being God, equal in power and glory with the Father, yet he not only became man for us, but became poor also. At length he emptied himself, as it were, to ransom their souls by his sacrifice on the cross. From what riches, blessed Lord, to what poverty didst thou descend for our sakes! and to what riches hast thou advanced us through thy poverty! It is our happiness to be wholly at thy disposal.
【고후8:8 JFB】8. not by commandment—"not by way of commandment."
but by occasion of the forwardness of others, and &c.—rather, "But by (mention of) the forwardness of others (as an inducement to you), and to prove (literally, 'proving') the sincerity of your love." The Greek is "by means of," not "on account of the forwardness," &c. Bengel, Ellicott, and others translate, "By means of the forwardness of others, proving the sincerity of your love ALSO." The former is the simpler construction in the Greek.
【고후8:9 JFB】9. ye know the grace—the act of gratuitous love whereby the Lord emptied Himself of His previous heavenly glory (빌2:6, 7) for your sakes.
became poor—Yet this is not demanded of you (고후8:14); but merely that, without impoverishing yourselves, you should relieve others with your abundance. If the Lord did so much more, and at so much heavier a cost, for your sakes; much more may you do an act of love to your brethren at so little a sacrifice of self.
might be rich—in the heavenly glory which constitutes His riches, and all other things, so far as is really good for us (compare 고전3:21, 22).
【고후8:10 JFB】10. advice—Herein he does not (as some misinterpret the passage) disclaim inspiration for the advice he gives; but under the Spirit, states that it is his "opinion" [Alford] or "judgment" [Ellicott, and others], not a command, that so their offering might be free and spontaneous.
this—my giving you an advice, not a command.
who have begun before—"seeing that ye have begun before" the Macedonian churches; "a year ago" should be connected with this clause.
not only to do, but also to be forward—There were three steps: (1) the forwardness, more literally, "the will"; (2) the setting about it, literally, "doing it"; (3) completion of it [Alford]. In the two former, not only the act, but the intention, the Corinthians preceded the Macedonians.Bengel explains, "Not only to do" FOR THE PAST YEAR, "but also to be forward" or willingFOR THIS YEAR. Ellicott translates, "already," instead of "before": "Ye began already a year ago, not only to do, but also to be forward." It appears hence, that something had been done in the matter a year before; other texts, however, show the collection was not yet paid (compare 고후8:11 and 고후9:5, 7). This agrees with one, and only one supposition, namely, that every man had laid by in store the fund from which he was afterwards to contribute, the very case which is shown by 고전16:2 to have existed [Paley, Horæ Paulinæ].
【고후8:10 MHCC】Good purposes are like buds and blossoms, pleasant to behold, and give hopes of good fruit; but they are lost, and signify nothing without good deeds. Good beginnings are well; but we lose the benefit, unless there is perseverance. When men purpose that which is good, and endeavour, according to their ability, to perform also, God will not reject them for what it is not in their power to do. But this scripture will not justify those who think good meanings are enough, or that good purposes, and the mere profession of a willing mind, are enough to save. Providence gives to some more of the good things of this world, and to some less, that those who have abundance might supply others who are in want. It is the will of God, that by our mutual supplying one another, there should be some sort of equality; not such a levelling as would destroy property, for in such a case there could be no exercise of charity. All should think themselves concerned to relieve those in want. This is shown from the gathering and giving out the manna in the wilderness, 출16:18. Those who have most of this world, have no more than food and raiment; and those who have but little of this world, seldom are quite without them.
【고후8:11 JFB】11. perform—"complete the doing also" (see on 고후8:10).
a readiness to will—Greek, "the readiness of will"; referring to 고후8:10, where the Greek for "to be forward," ought to be translated as here, "to will."
performance—"completion" [Alford], The godly should show the same zeal to finish, as well as to begin well, which the worldly exhibit in their undertakings (렘44:25).
【고후8:12 JFB】12. For—Following up the rule "out of that which ye have" (고후8:11), and no more.
a willing mind—rather, as Greek, "the readiness," namely, to will, referring to 고후8:11.
accepted—Greek "favorably accepted."
according to that a man hath—The oldest manuscripts omit "a man." Translate, "According to whatsoever it have"; the willing mind, or "readiness" to will, is personified [Alford]. Or better, as Bengel, "He is accepted according to whatsoever he have"; so 고후9:7, The Lord loveth a cheerful giver." Compare as to David, 왕상8:18. God accepts the will for the deed. He judges not according to what a man has the opportunity to do, but according to what he would do if he had the opportunity (compare 막14:8; and the widow's mite, Lu 21:3, 4).
【고후8:13 JFB】13. For—Supply from 고후8:8, "I speak." My aim is not that others (namely, the saints at Jerusalem) may be relieved at the cost of your being "distressed" (so the Greek for "burdened"). The golden rule is, "Love thy neighbour as thyself," not more than thyself.
【고후8:14 JFB】14. by an equality—"by the rule of equality" [Alford]: literally, "Out of equality."
now at this time—Greek, "at the present juncture" or season.
that their abundance also—The Greek being distinct from the previous "that," translate, "in order that," namely, at another season, when your relative circumstances may be reversed. The reference is solely to temporal wants and supplies. Those, as Bengel, who quote 롬15:27 for interpreting it of spiritual supplies from the Jews to the Gentiles, forget that 롬15:27 refers to the past benefit spiritually, which the Jews have conferred on the Gentiles, as a motive to gratitude on the part of the latter, not to a prospective benefit to be looked for from the former, which the text refers to.
【고후8:15 JFB】15. (출16:18; Septuagint). As God gave an equal portion of manna to all the Israelites, whether they could gather much or little; so Christians should promote by liberality an equality, so that none should need the necessaries of life while others have superfluities. "Our luxuries should yield to our neighbor's comforts; and our comforts to his necessities" [J. Howard].
【고후8:16 JFB】16, 17. Returning to the subject of 고후8:6.
for you—Translate, "Which put the same earnest care for you into the heart of Titus," as was in myself. My care for you led me to "desire" him (고후8:6, 17, "exhortation," the same Greek); but Titus had of himself the same care, whence he "accepted (gladly) my exhortation" (고후8:17) to go to you (고후8:6).
【고후8:16 MHCC】The apostle commends the brethren sent to collect their charity, that it might be known who they were, and how safely they might be trusted. It is the duty of all Christians to act prudently; to hinder, as far as we can, all unjust suspicions. It is needful, in the first place, to act uprightly in the sight of God, but things honest in the sight of men should also be attended to. A clear character, as well as a pure conscience, is requisite for usefulness. They brought glory to Christ as instruments, and had obtained honour from Christ to be counted faithful, and employed in his service. The good opinion others have of us, should be an argument with us to do well.
【고후8:17 JFB】17. being more forward—more earnest than to need such exhortation.
he went—Greek, "went forth." We should say, he is going forth; but the ancients put the past tense in letter writing, as the things will have been past by the time that the correspondent, receives the letter. "Of his own accord," that is, it is true he has been exhorted by me to go, but he shows that he has anticipated my desires, and already, "of his own accord," has desired to go.
【고후8:18 JFB】18. the brother, whose praise is in the gospel—whose praise is known in connection with the Gospel: Luke may be meant; not that "the Gospel" here refers to his written Gospel; but the language implies some one well known throughout the churches, and at that time with Paul, as Luke then was (행20:6). Not a Macedonian, as appears from 고후9:4. Of all Paul's "companions in travel" (고후8:19; 행19:29), Luke was the most prominent, having been his companion in preaching the Gospel at his first entrance into Europe (행16:10). The fact that the person here referred to was "chosen of the churches" as their trustee to travel with Paul in conveying the contribution to Jerusalem, implies that he had resided among them some time before: this is true of Luke, who after parting from Paul at Philippi (as he marks by the change from "we" to "they," 행16:11) six years before, is now again found in his company in Macedonia. In the interim he had probably become so well known that "his praise was throughout all the churches." Compare 고후12:18; Phm 24. He who is faithful in the Gospel will be faithful also in matters of inferior importance [Bengel].
【고후8:19 JFB】19. not that only—not only praised in all the churches.
chosen—by vote: so the Greek.
of the churches—therefore these companions of Paul are called "messengers of the churches" (고후8:23).
to travel—to Jerusalem.
with this grace—Greek, "in the case of this grace," or "gift."
to the glory of the same Lord—The oldest manuscripts omit "same."
declaration of your ready mind—The oldest manuscripts read, "our," not your. This and the previous clause, "to the glory of the same Lord," do not follow "administered by us," but "chosen of the churches to travel," &c. The union of the brother with Paul in this affair of the collection was done to guard against suspicions injurious "to the glory" of the Lord. It was also done in order to produce a "readiness" on the part of Paul and the brother to undertake the office which each, by himself, would have been less ready to undertake, for fear of suspicions arising (고후8:20) as to their appropriation of any of the money.
【고후8:20 JFB】20. Avoiding—taking precautions against this.
in this abundance—in the case of this abundance.
【고후8:21 JFB】21. The Septuagint (잠3:4; 롬12:17). The oldest manuscripts read, "For we provide."
honest things—"things honorable."
【고후8:22 JFB】22. This second brother, Birks supposes to be Trophimus: for a Macedonian is not meant (고후9:4) probably the same as was sent before with Titus (고후12:18); and therefore sent from Ephesus, and probably an Ephesian: all this is true of Trophimus.
oftentimes … in many things—Join and translate as in the Greek, "many times in many things."
upon the great confidence which I have in you—"through the great confidence WHICH HE HAS towards you" [Alford]. Bengel better supports English Version, "We have sent … through the confidence WHICH WE FEEL in regard to your liberality."
【고후8:23 JFB】23. fellow helper concerning you—Greek, "fellow worker towards you."
our brethren—the two mentioned in 고후8:18, 22.
messengers—rather, as the Greek, "apostles": in the less strict sense (행14:14).
of the churches—sent by the churches, as we are by the Lord (빌2:25). There was in the synagogue an ecclesiastical officer, called "the angel of the Church," whence the title seems derived (compare 계2:1).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.