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■ 고린도후서 13장
1. 내가 이제 세번째 너희에게 갈 터이니 두세 증인의 입으로 말마다 확정하리라
This is the third time I am coming to you . In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established .
2. 내가 이미 말하였거니와 지금 떠나 있으나 두번째 대면하였을 때와 같이 전에 죄 지은 자들과 그 남은 모든 사람에게 미리 말하노니 내가 다시 가면 용서하지 아니하리라
I told you before , and foretell you , as if I were present , the second time ; and being absent now I write to them which heretofore have sinned , and to all other , that , if I come again , I will not spare :
3. 이는 그리스도께서 내 안에서 말씀하시는 증거를 너희가 구함이니 저가 너희를 향하여 약하지 않고 도리어 너희 안에서 강하시니라
Since ye seek a proof of Christ speaking in me , which to you-ward is not weak , but is mighty in you .
4. 그리스도께서 약하심으로 십자가에 못 박히셨으나 오직 하나님의 능력으로 살으셨으니 우리도 저의 안에서 약하나 너희를 향하여 하나님의 능력으로 저와 함께 살리라
For though he was crucified through weakness , yet he liveth by the power of God . For we also are weak in him , but we shall live with him by the power of God toward you .
5. 너희가 믿음에 있는가 너희 자신을 시험하고 너희 자신을 확증하라 예수 그리스도께서 너희 안에 계신 줄을 너희가 스스로 알지 못하느냐 그렇지 않으면 너희가 버리운 자니라
Examine yourselves , whether ye be in the faith ; prove your own selves . Know ye not your own selves , how that Jesus Christ is in you , except ye be reprobates ?
6. 우리가 버리운 자 되지 아니한 것을 너희가 알기를 내가 바라고
But I trust that ye shall know that we are not reprobates .
7. 우리가 하나님께서 너희로 악을 조금도 행하지 않게 하시기를 구하노니 이는 우리가 옳은 자임을 나타내고자 함이 아니라 오직 우리는 버리운 자 같을지라도 너희로 선을 행하게 하고자 함이라
Now I pray to God that ye do no evil ; not that we should appear approved , but that ye should do that which is honest , though we be as reprobates .
8. 우리는 진리를 거스려 아무 것도 할 수 없고 오직 진리를 위할 뿐이니
For we can do nothing against the truth , but for the truth .
9. 우리가 약할 때에 너희의 강한 것을 기뻐하고 또 이것을 위하여 구하니 곧 너희의 온전하게 되는 것이라
For we are glad , when we are weak , and ye are strong : and this also we wish , even your perfection .
10. 이를 인하여 내가 떠나 있을 때에 이렇게 쓰는 것은 대면할 때에 주께서 너희를 파하려 하지 않고 세우려 하여 내게 주신 그 권세를 따라 엄하지 않게 하려 함이니라
Therefore I write these things being absent , lest being present I should use sharpness , according to the power which the Lord hath given me to edification , and not to destruction .
11. 마지막으로 말하노니 형제들아 기뻐하라 온전케 되며 위로를 받으며 마음을 같이 하며 평안할지어다 또 사랑과 평강의 하나님이 너희와 함께 계시리라 거룩하게 입맞춤으로 서로 문안하라
Finally , brethren , farewell . Be perfect , be of good comfort , be of one mind , live in peace ; and the God of love and peace shall be with you .
12. 모든 성도가 너희에게 문안하느니라
Greet one another with an holy kiss .
13. 주 예수 그리스도의 은혜와 하나님의 사랑과 성령의 교통하심이 너희 무리와 함께 있을지어다
All the saints salute you .
14. _
The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ , and the love of God , and the communion of the Holy Ghost , be with you all . Amen . The second epistle to the Corinthians was written from Philippi , a city of Macedonia , by Titus and Lucas .
■ 주석 보기
【고후13:1 JFB】고후13:1-14. He Threatens a Severe Proof of His Apostolic Authority, but Prefers They Would Spare Him the Necessity for It.
1. This is the third time I am coming to you—not merely preparing to come to you. This proves an intermediate visit between the two recorded in 행18:1; 20:2.
In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established—Quoted from 신19:15, Septuagint. "I will judge not without examination, nor will I abstain from punishing upon due evidence" [Conybeare and Howson]. I will no longer be among you "in all patience" towards offenders (고후12:12). The apostle in this case, where ordinary testimony was to be had, does not look for an immediate revelation, nor does he order the culprits to be cast out of the church before his arrival. Others understand the "two or three witnesses" to mean his two or three visits as establishing either (1) the truth of the facts alleged against the offenders, or (2) the reality of his threats. I prefer the first explanation to either of the two latter.
【고후13:1 CWC】At this point Paul begins his personal defence which concludes the epistle. And here we perceive more particularly that interchange of gravity and irony to which reference has been made, and which causes these chapters to be so difficult of explanation.
The apostle's critics had reflected on his personal appearance (10:1, 7, 10); on what they were pleased to consider his carnality (v. 3); his lack of eloquence (11:5) and his lack of dignity (11:7-10). We shall find it inconvenient to deal with these subjects otherwise than as they come before us in the chapters.
Chapter 10. They said that in their presence he was "base" or "lowly," but that absent he was bold as indicated in his letters (v. 1). He besought them therefore, to heed his words that he might not have occasion to be "bold" against them when he was present (v. 2). He had particular reference to some who regarded him as walking "according to the flesh." They would see that any spiritual weakness in his conduct did not show itself in the weapons or results of his spiritual conflicts with the enemies of the truth (vv. 3-6).
They were looking on the outward appearance, despising him and conceitedly claiming some special relationship to Christ for themselves. He meets this by a presentation of his true claims, as to which he might go further without idle boasting and justify any expressions of apostolic power in his letters (vv. 7-11). In proof of this he appeals to facts including his work among them in Corinth (vv. 12-14), and delicately intimates that when the present trouble was at an end, they would assist him to extend his ministry further (vv. 15-18). (Cf. 롬1:10; 15:28).
Chapter 11. His pleadings continue because of his love for them and his fear of their beguilement. They were tolerating those who were preaching another gospel to them, and surely they might bear with him, since he was in no respect inferior to those "over-much" apostles (vv. 1-6). Verse 2 is very interesting. For an explanation of "a godly jealousy" see 출20:5, and 수24:19. For "one husband" and "chaste virgin" see 고전1:12. The espousal in this case took place when they were converted to Christ, the presentation will take place when He comes again. Verse 3 is interesting from another point of view, since it shows that Paul regards the fall (Genesis 3) as historical. Note also that the tempter did not propose to take Eve's allegiance away from God entirely, but only to corrupt her faith, which was enough. At this point he refers to their assumed contempt because he had not demanded pay from them, explaining the reasons for his conduct (vv. 7-12), plainly characterizing the "false apostles" (vv. 13-15). They have compelled him to boast (vv. 16-33) for which he apologizes. Verses 23-27 reveal a life of hardship far beyond anything told of Paul in the Acts. Verse 19 is ironical.
Chapter 12. Here we come to "visions and revelations" vouchsafed to him. In these there could be no self-commendation, but only that of a man in Christ lifted out of his own individuality, and thought worthy of such grace on account of being in Christ. His only object in boasting of such an one was to bear witness to the supernatural life he was living and that such glorious things had been granted him. In behalf of himself he would boast only in his infirmities (vv. 1-6). -- Lange. Verses 7-10 are self-explanatory except as to the nature of the "thorn in the flesh." It has been spoken of as "chronic ophthalmia, inducing bodily weakness and a repulsive appearance" (갈4:15), but no one knows what it was. The Corinthians should not have made it necessary for him thus to speak of himself; they should have spoken on his behalf (v. 11), for the signs of an apostle were wrought by him among them (vv. 12, 13). The insinuation about his having ministered to them without monetary gain is once more referred to, in order to say that he will continue to do so. He is their parent, and parents lay up for the children (vv. 14, 15). Those he had sent to them had followed his example in this respect (vv. 16-18). The church, however, must not suppose that in what he was saying he was excusing himself to them. On the contrary he was doing all things for their edifying (v. 19), and in the hope that when he visited them the third time, it might not be with a rebuke and with sorrow because of their sin (vv. 20, 21).
Chapter 13. He emphasizes the rebuke and chastening that await some on his third coming if they do not repent (vv. 1-10), closing with an exhortation (v. 11), salutation (vv. 12, 13) and benediction (v. 14).
【고후13:1 MHCC】Though it is God's gracious method to bear long with sinners, yet he will not bear always; at length he will come, and will not spare those who remain obstinate and impenitent. Christ at his crucifixion, appeared as only a weak and helpless man, but his resurrection and life showed his Divine power. So the apostles, how mean and contemptible soever they appeared to the world, yet, as instruments, they manifested the power of God. Let them prove their tempers, conduct, and experience, as gold is assayed or proved by the touchstone. If they could prove themselves not to be reprobates, not to be rejected of Christ, he trusted they would know that he was not a reprobate, not disowned by Christ. They ought to know if Christ Jesus was in them, by the influences, graces, and indwelling of his Spirit, by his kingdom set up in their hearts. Let us question our own souls; either we are true Christians, or we are deceivers. Unless Christ be in us by his Spirit, and power of his love, our faith is dead, and we are yet disapproved by our Judge.
【고후13:2 JFB】2. Rather, "I have already said (at my second visit), and tell you (now) beforehand, AS (I did) WHEN I WAS PRESENT THE SECOND TIME, SO also NOW in my absence (the oldest manuscripts omit the 'I write,' which here wrongly follows in English Version Greek text) to them which heretofore have sinned (namely, before my second visit, 고후12:21), and to all others (who have sinned since my second visit, or are in danger of sinning)." The English Version, "as if I were present the second time," namely, this next time, is quite inconsistent with 고후13:1, "this is the third time I am coming to you," as Paul could not have called the same journey at once "the second" and "the third time" of his coming. The antithesis between "the second time" and "now" is palpable.
if I come again, &c.—that is, whensoever I come again (행20:2). These were probably the very words of his former threat which he now repeats again.
【고후13:3 JFB】3. Since—The reason why he will not spare: Since ye challenge me to give a "proof" that Christ speaks in me. It would be better if ye would "prove your own selves" (고후13:5). This disproves the assertion of some that Scripture nowhere asserts the infallibility of its writers when writing it.
which—"who" (Christ).
is not weak—in relation to you, by me and in this very Epistle, in exercising upon you strong discipline.
mighty in you—has given many proofs of His power in miracles, and even in punishing offenders (고후5:11, 20, 21). Ye have no need to put me to the proof in this, as long ago Christ has exhibited great proofs of His power by me among you (고후12:12) [Grotius]. It is therefore not me, but Christ, whom ye wrong: it is His patience that ye try in despising my admonitions, and derogating from my authority [Calvin].
【고후13:4 JFB】4. though—omitted in some of the oldest manuscripts; then translate, "For He was even crucified," &c.
through weakness—Greek, "from weakness"; that is, His assumption of our weakness was the source, or necessary condition, from which the possibility of His crucifixion flowed (히2:14; 빌2:7, 8).
by—Greek, "from"; "owing to."
the power of God—the Father (롬1:4; 6:4; 엡1:20).
weak in him—that is, in virtue of our union with Him, and after His pattern, weakness predominates in us for a time (exhibited in our "infirmities" and weak "bodily presence," 고후10:10; 12:5, 9, 10; and also in our not putting into immediate exercise our power of punishing offenders, just as Christ for a time kept in abeyance His power).
we shall live with him—not only hereafter with Him, free from our present infirmities, in the resurrection life (빌3:21), but presently in the exercise of our apostolic authority against offenders, which flows to us in respect to you from the power of God, however "weak" we now seem to you. "With Him," that is, even as He now exercises His power in His glorified resurrection life, after His weakness for a time.
【고후13:5 JFB】5. Examine—Greek, "Try (make trial of) yourselves."
prove your own selves—This should be your first aim, rather than "seeking a proof of Christ speaking in me" (고후13:3).
your own selves—I need not speak much in proof of Christ being in me, your minister (고후13:3), for if ye try your own selves ye will see that Christ is also in you [Chrysostom], (롬8:10). Finding Christ dwelling in yourselves by faith, ye may well believe that He speaks in me, by whose ministry ye have received this faith [Estius]. To doubt it would be the sin of Israel, who, after so many miracles and experimental proofs of God's presence, still cried (출17:7), "Is the Lord among us or not?" (Compare 막8:11).
except ye be reprobates—The Greek softens the expression, "somewhat reprobates," that is, not abiding the "proof" (alluding to the same word in the context); failing when tested. Image from metals (렘6:30; 단5:27; 롬1:28).
【고후13:6 JFB】6. we … not reprobates—not unable to abide the proof to which ye put us (고후13:6). "I trust that" your own Christianity will be recognized by you (observe, "ye shall know," answers to "know your own selves," 고후13:5) as sufficient "proof" that ye are not reprobates, but that "Christ speaks in me," without needing a proof from me more trying to yourselves. If ye doubt my apostleship, ye must doubt your own Christianity, for ye are the fruits of my apostleship.
【고후13:7 JFB】7. I pray—The oldest manuscripts read, "we pray."
not that we should appear approved—not to gain credit for ourselves, your ministers, by your Christian conduct; but for your good [Alford]. The antithesis to "reprobates" leads me to prefer explaining with Bengel, "We do not pray that we may appear approved," by restraining you when ye do evil; "but that ye should do what is right" (English Version, "honest").
though we be as reprobates—though we be thereby deprived of the occasion for exercising our apostolic power (namely, in punishing), and so may appear "as reprobates" (incapable of affording proof of Christ speaking in us).
【고후13:7 MHCC】The most desirable thing we can ask of God, for ourselves and our friends, is to be kept from sin, that we and they may not do evil. We have far more need to pray that we may not do evil, than that we may not suffer evil. The apostle not only desired that they might be kept from sin, but also that they might grow in grace, and increase in holiness. We are earnestly to pray to God for those we caution, that they may cease to do evil, and learn to do well; and we should be glad for others to be strong in the grace of Christ, though it may be the means of showing our own weakness. let us also pray that we may be enabled to make a proper use of all our talents.
【고후13:8 JFB】8. Our apostolic power is given us that we may use it not against, but for the furtherance of, the truth. Where you are free from fault, there is no scope for its exercise: and this I desire. Far be it from me to use it against the innocent, merely in order to increase my own power (고후13:10).
【고후13:9 JFB】9. are glad—Greek, "rejoice."
when we are weak—having no occasion for displaying our power; and so seeming "weak," as being compassed with "infirmities" (고후10:10; 11:29, 30).
ye … strong—"mighty" in faith and the fruits of the Spirit.
and—not in the oldest manuscripts.
we wish—Greek, "pray for."
your perfection—literally, "perfect restoration"; literally, that of a dislocated limb. Compare 고후13:11, "Be perfect," the same Greek word; also in 고전1:10, "perfectly joined together"; 엡4:12, "the perfecting of the saints."
【고후13:10 JFB】10. Therefore—because I wish the "sharpness" to be in my letters rather than in deeds [Chrysostom].
edification … not to destruction—for building up … not for casting down. To "use sharpness" would seem to be casting down, rather than building up; therefore he prefers not to have to use it.
【고후13:11 JFB】11. farewell—meaning in Greek also "rejoice"; thus in bidding farewell he returns to the point with which he set out, "we are helpers of your joy" (고후1:24; 빌4:4).
Be perfect—Become perfect by filling up what is lacking in your Christian character (엡4:13).
be of good comfort—(고후1:6; 7:8-13; 살전4:18).
【고후13:11 MHCC】Here are several good exhortations. God is the Author of peace and Lover of concord; he hath loved us, and is willing to be at peace with us. And let it be our constant aim so to walk, that separation from our friends may be only for a time, and that we may meet in that happy world where parting will be unknown. He wishes that they may partake all the benefits which Christ of his free grace and favour has purchased; the Father out of his free love has purposed; and the Holy Ghost applies and bestows.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.