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■ 요한계시록 9장
1. 다섯째 천사가 나팔을 불매 내가 보니 하늘에서 땅에 떨어진 별 하나가 있는데 저가 무저갱의 열쇠를 받았더라
And the fifth angel sounded , and I saw a star fall from heaven unto the earth : and to him was given the key of the bottomless pit .
2. 저가 무저갱을 여니 그 구멍에서 큰 풀무의 연기 같은 연기가 올라오매 해와 공기가 그 구멍의 연기로 인하여 어두워지며
And he opened the bottomless pit ; and there arose a smoke out of the pit , as the smoke of a great furnace ; and the sun and the air were darkened by reason of the smoke of the pit .
3. 또 황충이 연기 가운데로부터 땅 위에 나오매 저희가 땅에 있는 전갈의 권세와 같은 권세를 받았더라
And there came out of the smoke locusts upon the earth : and unto them was given power , as the scorpions of the earth have power .
4. 저희에게 이르시되 땅의 풀이나 푸른 것이나 각종 수목은 해하지 말고 오직 이마에 하나님의 인 맞지 아니한 사람들만 해하라 하시더라
And it was commanded them that they should not hurt the grass of the earth , neither any green thing , neither any tree ; but only those men which have not the seal of God in their foreheads .
5. 그러나 그들을 죽이지는 못하게 하시고 다섯 달 동안 괴롭게만 하게 하시는데 그 괴롭게 함은 전갈이 사람을 쏠 때에 괴롭게 함과 같더라
And to them it was given that they should not kill them , but that they should be tormented five months : and their torment was as the torment of a scorpion , when he striketh a man .
6. 그 날에는 사람들이 죽기를 구하여도 얻지 못하고 죽고 싶으나 죽음이 저희를 피하리로다
And in those days shall men seek death , and shall not find it ; and shall desire to die , and death shall flee from them .
7. 황충들의 모양은 전쟁을 위하여 예비한 말들 같고 그 머리에 금 같은 면류관 비슷한 것을 썼으며 그 얼굴은 사람의 얼굴 같고
And the shapes of the locusts were like unto horses prepared unto battle ; and on their heads were as it were crowns like gold , and their faces were as the faces of men .
8. 또 여자의 머리털 같은 머리털이 있고 그 이는 사자의 이 같으며
And they had hair as the hair of women , and their teeth were as the teeth of lions .
9. 또 철흉갑 같은 흉갑이 있고 그 날개들의 소리는 병거와 많은 말들이 전장으로 달려 들어가는 소리 같으며
And they had breastplates , as it were breastplates of iron ; and the sound of their wings was as the sound of chariots of many horses running to battle .
10. 또 전갈과 같은 꼬리와 쏘는 살이 있어 그 꼬리에는 다섯 달 동안 사람들을 해하는 권세가 있더라
And they had tails like unto scorpions , and there were stings in their tails : and their power was to hurt men five months .
11. 저희에게 임금이 있으니 무저갱의 사자라 히브리 음으로 이름은 아바돈이요 헬라 음으로 이름은 아볼루온이더라
And they had a king over them , which is the angel of the bottomless pit , whose name in the Hebrew tongue is Abaddon , but in the Greek tongue hath his name Apollyon .
12. 첫째 화는 지나갔으나 보라 아직도 이 후에 화 둘이 이르리로다
One woe is past ; and, behold , there come two woes more hereafter .
13. 여섯째 천사가 나팔을 불매 내가 들으니 하나님 앞 금단 네 뿔에서 한 음성이 나서
And the sixth angel sounded , and I heard a voice from the four horns of the golden altar which is before God ,
14. 나팔 가진 여섯째 천사에게 말하기를 큰 강 유브라데에 결박한 네 천사를 놓아 주라 하매
Saying to the sixth angel which had the trumpet , Loose the four angels which are bound in the great river Euphrates .
15. 네 천사가 놓였으니 그들은 그 년 월 일 시에 이르러 사람 삼분의 일을 죽이기로 예비한 자들이더라
And the four angels were loosed , which were prepared for an hour , and a day , and a month , and a year , for to slay the third part of men .
16. 마병대의 수는 이만 만이니 내가 그들의 수를 들었노라
And the number of the army of the horsemen were two hundred thousand thousand : and I heard the number of them .
17. 이같이 이상한 가운데 그 말들과 그 탄 자들을 보니 불빛과 자주빛과 유황빛 흉갑이 있고 또 말들의 머리는 사자 머리 같고 그 입에서는 불과 연기와 유황이 나오더라
And thus I saw the horses in the vision , and them that sat on them , having breastplates of fire , and of jacinth , and brimstone : and the heads of the horses were as the heads of lions ; and out of their mouths issued fire and smoke and brimstone .
18. 이 세 재앙 곧 저희 입에서 나오는 불과 연기와 유황을 인하여 사람 삼분의 일이 죽임을 당하니라
By these three was the third part of men killed , by the fire , and by the smoke , and by the brimstone , which issued out of their mouths .
19. 이 말들의 힘은 그 입과 그 꼬리에 있으니 그 꼬리는 뱀 같고 또 꼬리에 머리가 있어 이것으로 해하더라
For their power is in their mouth , and in their tails : for their tails were like unto serpents , and had heads , and with them they do hurt .
20. 이 재앙에 죽지 않고 남은 사람들은 그 손으로 행하는 일을 회개치 아니하고 오히려 여러 귀신과 또는 보거나 듣거나 다니거나 하지 못하는 금, 은, 동과 목석의 우상에게 절하고
And the rest of the men which were not killed by these plagues yet repented not of the works of their hands , that they should not worship devils , and idols of gold , and silver , and brass , and stone , and of wood : which neither can see , nor hear , nor walk :
21. 또 그 살인과 복술과 음행과 도적질을 회개치 아니하더라
Neither repented they of their murders , nor of their sorceries , nor of their fornication , nor of their thefts .
■ 주석 보기
【계9:1 JFB】계9:1-21. The Fifth Trumpet: The Fallen Star Opens the Abyss Whence Issue Locusts. The Sixth Trumpet. Four Angels at the Euphrates Loosed.
1. The last three trumpets of the seven are called, from 계8:13, the woe-trumpets.
fall—rather as Greek, "fallen." When John saw it, it was not in the act of falling, but had fallen already. This is a connecting link of this fifth trumpet with 계12:8, 9, 12, "Woe to the inhabiters of the earth, for the devil is come down," &c. Compare 사14:12, "How art thou fallen from heaven, Lucifer, son of the morning!"
the bottomless pit—Greek, "the pit of the abyss"; the orifice of the hell where Satan and his demons dwell.
【계9:1 CWC】[THE SEVEN TRUMPETS]
We have here another illustration of the law of recurrence, for in these chapters we are going over the ground of the last, though certain features are being added which were not then revealed. In other words, it is still the "Tribulation Period."
1. Introduction, 8:2-5.
In the previous lesson the "Introduction" included the vision of "The Throne, the Lamb and the Book," while here it is the revelation of the angel and the incense. There is no satisfactory interpretation of this feature any more than of the "silence in heaven" revealed previously. Some would say that "the prayers of all saints" are those of the martyrs of the earlier chapter crying out for avenging, not for their own sakes but that the honor of God might be maintained in the face of His enemies. The "incense" is identified with the intercession of Christ on their behalf, and the answer is symbolized in what follows not only in verse 5, but all which results therefrom in the remainder of this chapter and the next.
2. Progression 8:6-9:21.
The first trumpet (8:7) symbolizes a judgment falling on the earth through the ordinary powers of nature. The "blood" may be caused by the destructive power of the large hailstones. The second trumpet (8, 9) symbolizes judgments resulting from extraordinary powers of nature, volcanic and marine? The third (10, 11), seems to point to suffering superinduced by superhuman agencies "a great star from heaven." Is it identical with the allusion to Satan (12:7-9)? The fourth (12, 13) is suffering caused by the diminished influence of the heavenly bodies, while the fifth and sixth trumpets (9:1-21) again specifying superhuman agencies, indicate their tormenting power as particularly directed toward men. In the other instances while humanity felt the infliction yet it was indirect, whereas here it is direct.
3. Parenthesis 10-11, 14.
In chapter 10, the revelation of the "mighty angel" and the "little book" does not easily lend itself to any definite interpretation. Some identify the "angel" with our Lord Himself, and make the "little book" mean the supplemental revelation of the "beast" soon to follow (13) together with the whole story of the awful period of his reign. Chapter 11 is plainer. It refers to Jerusalem during the reign of the "beast" or "man of sin," "forty and two months" being equivalent to the last 3 1/2 years of Daniel's 70th week already referred to. The "two witnesses testifying with supernatural power" during this time have been identified with Moses and Elijah returned to the earth in the flesh for that ministry.
Verse 6 strikingly parallels the illustrations of their earlier power, while the mysterious manner in which they were taken away from earth, the one buried by God's own hand and the other translated having never seen death, add their contribution to the probability of this application of the chapter.
4. Consummation 11:15-19.
Corresponds somewhat to the ending of the revelation of the seven seals (8:1); i. e., it seems to bring us up to the end or final climax, and yet to halt just short of it in order to retrace the ground for fuller detail.
Throughout these visions frequent allusions are made to the destructive forces of the heavens, "the power of the air," and also to conflicts of armies on the earth which suggests modern methods of warfare. Military airships stagger men not so much by their spectacle as by their slaughter. They seem to be faint gray linear objects silhouetted against the sky, but some of them carry torpedoes, and are able to pursue a battleship and send it to the bottom. Was Tennyson "also among the prophets," when he wrote:
Men, my brothers, men the workers, ever reaping something new;
That which they have done but earnest of the things that they shall do;
For I dipt into the future, far as human eye could see,
Saw the vision of the world, and all the wonder that would be;
Saw the heavens filled with commerce, argosies of magic sails.
Pilots of the purple twilight, dropping down with costly bales;
Heard the heavens fill with shouting, and there rained a ghastly dew
From the nations' airy navies, grappling in the central blue;
Far along the world-wide whisper of the south wind rushing warm,
With the standards of the people plunging through the thunder storm.
Till the war drum throbbed no longer, and the battle flags were furled
In the parliament of man, the federation of the world.
【계9:1 MHCC】Upon sounding the fifth trumpet, a star fell from heaven to the earth. Having ceased to be a minister of Christ, he who is represented by this star becomes the minister of the devil; and lets loose the powers of hell against the churches of Christ. On the opening of the bottomless pit, there arose a great smoke. The devil carries on his designs by blinding the eyes of men, by putting out light and knowledge, and promoting ignorance and error. Out of this smoke there came a swarm of locusts, emblems of the devil's agents, who promote superstition, idolatry, error, and cruelty. The trees and the grass, the true believers, whether young or more advanced, should be untouched. But a secret poison and infection in the soul, should rob many others of purity, and afterwards of peace. The locusts had no power to hurt those who had the seal of God. God's all-powerful, distinguishing grace will keep his people from total and final apostacy. The power is limited to a short season; but it would be very sharp. In such events the faithful share the common calamity, but from the pestilence of error they might and would be safe. We collect from Scripture, that such errors were to try and prove the Christians, 고전11:19. And early writers plainly refer this to the first great host of corrupters who overspread the Christian church.
【계9:3 JFB】3. upon—Greek, "unto," or "into."
as the scorpions of the earth—as contrasted with the "locusts" which come up from hell, and are not "of the earth."
have power—namely, to sting.
【계9:4 JFB】4. not hurt the grass … neither … green thing … neither … tree—the food on which they ordinarily prey. Therefore, not natural and ordinary locusts. Their natural instinct is supernaturally restrained to mark the judgment as altogether divine.
those men which—Greek, "the men whosoever."
in, &c.—Greek, "upon their forehead." Thus this fifth trumpet is proved to follow the sealing in 계7:1-8, under the sixth seal. None of the saints are hurt by these locusts, which is not true of the saints in Mohammed's attack, who is supposed by many to be meant by the locusts; for many true believers fell in the Mohammedan invasions of Christendom.
【계9:5 JFB】5. they … they—The subject changes: the first "they" is the locusts; the second is the unsealed.
five months—the ordinary time in the year during which locusts continue their ravages.
their torment—the torment of the sufferers. This fifth verse and 계9:6 cannot refer to an invading army. For an army would kill, and not merely torment.
【계9:6 JFB】6. shall desire—Greek, "eagerly desire"; set their mind on.
shall flee—So B, Vulgate, Syriac, and Coptic read. But A and Aleph read, "fleeth," namely continually. In 계6:16, which is at a later stage of God's judgments, the ungodly seek annihilation, not from the torment of their suffering, but from fear of the face of the Lamb before whom they have to stand.
【계9:7 JFB】7. prepared unto battle—Greek, "made ready unto war." Compare Note, see on Joe 2:4, where the resemblance of locusts to horses is traced: the plates of a horse armed for battle are an image on a larger scale of the outer shell of the locust.
crowns—(나3:17). Elliott explains this of the turbans of Mohammedans. But how could turbans be "like gold?" Alford understands it of the head of the locusts actually ending in a crown-shaped fillet which resembled gold in its material.
as the faces of men—The "as" seems to imply the locusts here do not mean men. At the same time they are not natural locusts, for these do not sting men (계9:5). They must be supernatural.
【계9:8 JFB】8. hair of women—long and flowing. An Arabic proverb compares the antlers of locusts to the hair of girls. Ewald in Alford understands the allusion to be to the hair on the legs or bodies of the locusts: compare "rough caterpillars," 렘51:27.
as the teeth of lions—(Joe 1:6, as to locusts).
【계9:9 JFB】9. as it were breastplates of iron—not such as forms the thorax of the natural locust.
as … chariots—(Joe 2:5-7).
battle—Greek, "war."
【계9:10 JFB】10. tails like unto scorpions—like unto the tails of scorpions.
and there were stings—There is no oldest manuscript for this reading. A, B, Aleph, Syriac, and Coptic read, "and (they have) stings: and in their tails (is) their power (literally, 'authority': authorized power) to hurt."
【계9:11 JFB】11. And—so Syriac. But A, B, and Aleph, omit "and."
had—Greek, "have."
a king … which is the angel—English Version, agreeing with A, Aleph, reads the (Greek) article before "angel," in which reading we must translate, "They have as king over them the angel," &c. Satan (compare 계9:1). Omitting the article with B, we must translate, "They have as king an angel," &c.: one of the chief demons under Satan: I prefer from 계9:1, the former.
bottomless pit—Greek, "abyss."
Abaddon—that is, perdition or destruction (욥26:6; 잠27:20). The locusts are supernatural instruments in the hands of Satan to torment, and yet not kill, the ungodly, under this fifth trumpet. Just as in the case of godly Job, Satan was allowed to torment with elephantiasis, but not to touch his life. In 계9:20, these two woe-trumpets are expressly called "plagues." Andreas of Cæsarea, A.D. 500, held, in his Commentary on Revelation, that the locusts mean evil spirits again permitted to come forth on earth and afflict men with various plagues.
【계9:12 JFB】12.Greek, "The one woe."
hereafter—Greek, "after these things." I agree with Alford and De Burgh, that these locusts from the abyss refer to judgments about to fall on the ungodly immediately before Christ's second advent. None of the interpretations which regard them as past, are satisfactory. Joe 1:2-7; 2:1-11, is strictly parallel and expressly refers (Joe 2:11) to THE DAY OF THE Lord great and very terrible: Joe 2:10 gives the portents accompanying the day of the Lord's coming, the earth quaking, the heavens trembling, the sun, moon, and stars, withdrawing their shining:Joe 2:18, 31, 32, also point to the immediately succeeding deliverance of Jerusalem: compare also, the previous last conflict in the valley of Jehoshaphat, and the dwelling of God thenceforth in Zion, blessing Judah. De Burgh confines the locust judgment to the Israelite land, even as the sealed in 계7:1-8 are Israelites: not that there are not others sealed as elect in the earth; but that, the judgment being confined to Palestine, the sealed of Israel alone needed to be expressly excepted from the visitation. Therefore, he translates throughout, "the land" (that is, of Israel and Judah), instead of "the earth." I incline to agree with him.
【계9:13 JFB】13. a voice—literally, "one voice."
from—Greek, "out of."
the four horns—A, Vulgate (Amiatinus manuscript), Coptic, and Syriac omit "four." B and Cyprian support it. The four horns together gave forth their voice, not diverse, but one. God's revelation (for example, the Gospel), though in its aspects fourfold (four expressing world-wide extension: whence four is the number of the Evangelists), still has but one and the same voice. However, from the parallelism of this sixth trumpet to the fifth seal (계6:9, 10), the martyrs' cry for the avenging of their blood from the altar reaching its consummation under the sixth seal and sixth trumpet, I prefer understanding this cry from the four corners of the altar to refer to the saints' prayerful cry from the four quarters of the world, incensed by the angel, and ascending to God from the golden altar of incense, and bringing down in consequence fiery judgments. Aleph omits the whole clause, "one from the four horns."
【계9:13 MHCC】The sixth angel sounded, and here the power of the Turks seems the subject. Their time is limited. They not only slew in war, but brought a poisonous and ruinous religion. The antichristian generation repented not under these dreadful judgments. From this sixth trumpet learn that God can make one enemy of the church a scourge and a plague to another. The idolatry in the remains of the eastern church and elsewhere, and the sins of professed Christians, render this prophecy and its fulfilment more wonderful. And the attentive reader of Scripture and history, may find his faith and hope strengthened by events, which in other respects fill his heart with anguish and his eyes with tears, while he sees that men who escape these plagues, repent not of their evil works, but go on with idolatries, wickedness, and cruelty, till wrath comes upon them to the utmost.
【계9:14 JFB】14. in, &c.—Greek, "epi to potamo"; "on," or "at the great river."
Euphrates—(Compare 계16:12). The river whereat Babylon, the ancient foe of God's people was situated. Again, whether from the literal region of the Euphrates, or from the spiritual Babylon (the apostate Church, especially Rome), four angelic ministers of God's judgments shall go forth, assembling an army of horsemen throughout the four quarters of the earth, to slay a third of men, the brunt of the visitation shall be on Palestine.
【계9:15 JFB】15. were—"which had been prepared" [Tregelles rightly].
for an hour, and a day, and a month, and a year—rather as Greek, "for (that is, against) THE hour, and day, and month, and year," namely, appointed by God. The Greek article (teen), put once only before all the periods, implies that the hour in the day, and the day in the month, and the month in the year, and the year itself, had been definitely fixed by God. The article would have been omitted had a sum-total of periods been specified, namely, three hundred ninety-one years and one month (the period from A.D. 1281, when the Turks first conquered the Christians, to 1672, their last conquest of them, since which last date their empire has declined).
slay—not merely to "hurt" (계9:10), as in the fifth trumpet.
third part—(See on 계8:7-12).
of men—namely, of earthy men, 계8:13, "inhabiters of the earth," as distinguished from God's sealed people (of which the sealed of Israel, 계7:1-8, form the nucleus).
【계9:16 JFB】16. Compare with these two hundred million, 시68:17; 단7:10. The hosts here are evidently, from their numbers and their appearance (계9:17), not merely human hosts, but probably infernal, though constrained to work out God's will (compare 계9:1, 2).
and I heard—A, B, Aleph, Vulgate, Syriac, Coptic, and Cyprian omit "and."
【계9:17 JFB】17. thus—as follows.
of fire—the fiery color of the breastplates answering to the fire which issued out of their mouths.
of jacinth—literally, "of hyacinth color," the hyacinth of the ancients answering to our dark blue iris: thus, their dark, dull-colored breastplates correspond to the smoke out of their mouths.
brimstone—sulphur-colored: answering to the brimstone or sulphur out of their mouths.
【계9:18 JFB】18. By these three—A, B, C, and Aleph read (apo for kupo), "From"; implying the direction whence the slaughter came; not direct instrumentality as "by" implies. A, B, C, Aleph also add "plagues" after "three." English Version reading, which omits it, is not well supported.
by the fire—Greek, "owing to the fire," literally, "out of."
【계9:19 JFB】19. their—A, B, C and Aleph read, "the power of the horses."
in their mouth—whence issued the fire, smoke, and brimstone (계9:17). Many interpreters understand the horsemen to refer to the myriads of Turkish cavalry arrayed in scarlet, blue, and yellow (fire, hyacinth, and brimstone), the lion-headed horses denoting their invincible courage, and the fire and brimstone out of their mouths, the gunpowder and artillery introduced into Europe about this time, and employed by the Turks; the tails, like serpents, having a venomous sting, the false religion of Mohammed supplanting Christianity, or, as Elliott thinks, the Turkish pachas' horse tails, worn as a symbol of authority. (!) All this is very doubtful. Considering the parallelism of this sixth trumpet to the sixth seal, the likelihood is that events are intended immediately preceding the Lord's coming. "The false prophet" (as 사9:15 proves), or second beast, having the horns of a lamb, but speaking as the dragon, who supports by lying miracles the final Antichrist, seems to me to be intended. Mohammed, doubtless, is a forerunner of him, but not the exhaustive fulfiller of the prophecy here: Satan will, probably, towards the end, bring out all the powers of hell for the last conflict (see on 계9:20, on "devils"; compare 계9:1, 2, 17, 18).
with them—with the serpent heads and their venomous fangs.
【계9:20 JFB】20. the rest of the men—that is, the ungodly.
yet—So A, Vulgate, Syriac, and Coptic. B and Aleph read, "did not even repent of," namely, so as to give up "the works," &c. Like Pharaoh hardening his heart against repentance notwithstanding the plagues.
of their hands—(신31:29). Especially the idols made by their hands. Compare 계13:14, 15, "the image of the beast" 계19:20.
that they should not—So B reads. But A, C, and Aleph read "that they shall not": implying a prophecy of certainty that it shall be so.
devils—Greek, "demons" which lurk beneath the idols which idolaters worship.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.