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■ 에스겔 44장
1. 그가 나를 데리고 성소 동향한 바깥문에 돌아오시니 그 문이 닫히었더라
Then he brought me back the way of the gate of the outward sanctuary which looketh toward the east ; and it was shut .
2. 여호와께서 내게 이르시되 이 문은 닫고 다시 열지 못할지니 아무 사람도 그리로 들어 오지 못할 것은 이스라엘 하나님 나 여호와가 그리로 들어왔음이라 그러므로 닫아 둘지니라
Then said the Lord unto me; This gate shall be shut , it shall not be opened , and no man shall enter in by it; because the Lord , the God of Israel , hath entered in by it, therefore it shall be shut .
3. 왕은 왕인 까닭에 안 길로 이 문 현관으로 들어와서 거기 앉아서 나 여호와 앞에서 음식을 먹고 그 길로 나갈 것이니라
It is for the prince ; the prince , he shall sit in it to eat bread before the Lord ; he shall enter by the way of the porch of that gate , and shall go out by the way of the same.
4. 그가 또 나를 데리고 북문을 통하여 전 앞에 이르시기로 내가 보니 여호와의 영광이 여호와의 전에 가득한지라 내가 얼굴을 땅에 대고 엎드린대
Then brought he me the way of the north gate before the house : and I looked , and, behold, the glory of the Lord filled the house of the Lord : and I fell upon my face .
5. 여호와께서 내게 이르시되 인자야 너는 전심으로 주목하여 내가 네게 말하는바 여호와의 전의 모든 규례와 모든 율례를 귀로 듣고 또 전의 입구와 성소의 출구를 전심으로 주의하고
And the Lord said unto me, Son of man , mark well , and behold with thine eyes , and hear with thine ears all that I say unto thee concerning all the ordinances of the house of the Lord , and all the laws thereof; and mark well the entering in of the house , with every going forth of the sanctuary .
6. 너는 패역한 자 곧 이스라엘 족속에게 이르기를 주 여호와의 말씀이 이스라엘 족속아 너희의 모든 가증한 일이 족하니라
And thou shalt say to the rebellious , even to the house of Israel , Thus saith the Lord God ; O ye house of Israel , let it suffice you of all your abominations ,
7. 대저 너희가 마음과 몸에 할례 받지 아니한 이방인을 데려오고 떡과 기름과 피를 드릴 때에 그들로 내 성소 안에 있게 하여 내 전을 더럽히므로 너희의 모든 가증한 일 외에 그들이 내 언약을 위반케 하는 것이 되었으며
In that ye have brought into my sanctuary strangers , uncircumcised in heart , and uncircumcised in flesh , to be in my sanctuary , to pollute it, even my house , when ye offer my bread , the fat and the blood , and they have broken my covenant because of all your abominations .
8. 너희가 내 성물의 직분을 지키지 아니하고 내 성소에 사람을 두어 너희 직분을 대신 지키게 하였느니라
And ye have not kept the charge of mine holy things : but ye have set keepers of my charge in my sanctuary for yourselves.
9. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 이스라엘 족속 중에 있는 이방인 중에 마음과 몸이 할례를 받지 아니한 이방인은 내 성소에 들어오지 못하리라
Thus saith the Lord God ; No stranger , uncircumcised in heart , nor uncircumcised in flesh , shall enter into my sanctuary , of any stranger that is among the children of Israel .
10. 이스라엘 족속이 그릇하여 나를 떠날 때에 레위 사람도 그릇하여 그 우상을 좇아 나를 멀리 떠났으니 그 죄악을 담당하리라
And the Levites that are gone away far from me, when Israel went astray , which went astray away from me after their idols ; they shall even bear their iniquity .
11. 그러나 그들이 내 성소에서 수종들어 전문을 맡을 것이며 전에서 수종들어 백성의 번제의 희생과 및 다른 희생을 잡아 앞에 서서 수종들게 되리라
Yet they shall be ministers in my sanctuary , having charge at the gates of the house , and ministering to the house : they shall slay the burnt offering and the sacrifice for the people , and they shall stand before them to minister unto them.
12. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 그들이 전에 백성을 위하여 그 우상 앞에서 수종들어서 이스라엘 족속으로 죄악에 거치게 하였으므로 내가 내 손을 들어 쳐서 그들로 그 죄악을 담당하여
Because they ministered unto them before their idols , and caused the house of Israel to fall into iniquity ; therefore have I lifted up mine hand against them, saith the Lord God , and they shall bear their iniquity .
13. 내게 가까이 나아와 제사장의 직분을 행치 못하게 하며 또 내 성물 곧 지성물에 가까이 오지 못하게 하리니 그들이 자기의 수욕과 그 행한바 가증한 일을 담당하리라
And they shall not come near unto me, to do the office of a priest unto me, nor to come near to any of my holy things , in the most holy place: but they shall bear their shame , and their abominations which they have committed .
14. 그러나 내가 그들을 세워 전을 수직하게 하고 전에 모든 수종드는 일과 그 가운데서 행하는 모든 일을 맡기리라
But I will make them keepers of the charge of the house , for all the service thereof, and for all that shall be done therein.
15. 이스라엘 족속이 그릇하여 나를 떠날 때에 사독의 자손 레위 사람 제사장들은 내 성소의 직분을 지켰은즉 그들은 내게 가까이 나아와 수종을 들되 내 앞에 서서 기름과 피를 내게 드릴지니라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라
But the priests the Levites , the sons of Zadok , that kept the charge of my sanctuary when the children of Israel went astray from me, they shall come near to me to minister unto me, and they shall stand before me to offer unto me the fat and the blood , saith the Lord God :
16. 그들이 내 성소에 들어오며 또 내 상에 가까이 나아와 내게 수종들어 나의 맡긴 직분을 지키되
They shall enter into my sanctuary , and they shall come near to my table , to minister unto me, and they shall keep my charge .
17. 그들이 안 뜰 문에 들어올 때에나 안뜰 문과 전 안에서 수종들 때에는 양털 옷을 입지 말고 가는 베옷을 입을 것이니
And it shall come to pass, that when they enter in at the gates of the inner court , they shall be clothed with linen garments ; and no wool shall come upon them, whiles they minister in the gates of the inner court , and within .
18. 가는 베 관을 머리에 쓰며 가는 베 바지를 입고 땀 나게 하는 것으로 허리를 동이지 말 것이며
They shall have linen bonnets upon their heads , and shall have linen breeches upon their loins ; they shall not gird themselves with any thing that causeth sweat .
19. 그들이 바깥 뜰 백성에게로 나갈 때에는 수종드는 옷을 벗어 거룩한 방에 두고 다른 옷을 입을지니 이는 그 옷으로 백성을 거룩케 할까 함이니라
And when they go forth into the utter court , even into the utter court to the people , they shall put off their garments wherein they ministered , and lay them in the holy chambers , and they shall put on other garments ; and they shall not sanctify the people with their garments .
20. 그들은 또 머리털을 밀지도 말며 머리털을 길게 자라게도 말고 그 머리털을 깎기만 할 것이며
Neither shall they shave their heads , nor suffer their locks to grow long ; they shall only poll their heads .
21. 아무 제사장이든지 안 뜰에 들어갈 때에는 포도주를 마시지 말 것이며
Neither shall any priest drink wine , when they enter into the inner court .
22. 과부나 이혼한 여인에게 장가 들지 말고 오직 이스라엘 족속의 처녀나 혹시 제사장의 과부에게 장가 들 것이며
Neither shall they take for their wives a widow , nor her that is put away : but they shall take maidens of the seed of the house of Israel , or a widow that had a priest before.
23. 내 백성에게 거룩한 것과 속된 것의 구별을 가르치며 부정한 것과 정한 것을 분별하게 할 것이며
And they shall teach my people the difference between the holy and profane , and cause them to discern between the unclean and the clean .
24. 송사하는 일을 재판하되 내 규례대로 재판할 것이며 내 모든 정한 절기에는 내 법도와 율례를 지킬 것이며 또 내 안식일을 거룩케 하며
And in controversy they shall stand in judgment ; and they shall judge it according to my judgments : and they shall keep my laws and my statutes in all mine assemblies ; and they shall hallow my sabbaths .
25. 시체를 가까이하여 스스로 더럽히지 못할 것이로되 부모나 자녀나 형제나 시집가지 아니한 자매를 위하여는 더럽힐 수 있으며
And they shall come at no dead person to defile themselves: but for father , or for mother , or for son , or for daughter , for brother , or for sister that hath had no husband , they may defile themselves.
26. 이런 자는 스스로 정결케 한 후에 칠 일을 더 지낼 것이요
And after he is cleansed , they shall reckon unto him seven days .
27. 성소에 수종들려 하여 안 뜰과 성소에 들어갈 때에는 속죄제를 드릴지니라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라
And in the day that he goeth into the sanctuary , unto the inner court , to minister in the sanctuary , he shall offer his sin offering , saith the Lord God .
28. 그들은 기업이 있으리니 내가 곧 그 기업이라 너희는 이스라엘 가운데서 그들에게 산업을 주지 말라 나는 그 산업이 됨이니라
And it shall be unto them for an inheritance : I am their inheritance : and ye shall give them no possession in Israel : I am their possession .
29. 그들은 소제와 속죄제와 속건제의 제물을 먹을지니 이스라엘 중에서 구별하여 드리는 물건을 다 그들에게 돌리며
They shall eat the meat offering , and the sin offering , and the trespass offering ; and every dedicated thing in Israel shall be theirs.
30. 또 각종 처음 익은 열매와 너희 모든 예물 중에 각종 거제 제물을 다 제사장에게 돌리고 너희가 또 첫 밀가루를 제사장에게 주어 그들로 네 집에 복이 임하도록 하게 하라
And the first of all the firstfruits of all things, and every oblation of all, of every sort of your oblations , shall be the priest’s : ye shall also give unto the priest the first of your dough , that he may cause the blessing to rest in thine house .
31. 무릇 새나 육축의 스스로 죽은 것이나 찢긴 것은 다 제사장이 먹지 못할 것이니라
The priests shall not eat of any thing that is dead of itself , or torn , whether it be fowl or beast .
■ 주석 보기
【겔44:1 JFB】겔44:1-31. Ordinances for the Prince and the Priests.
【겔44:1 CWC】[THE MILLENNIAL TEMPLE]
These chapters give a picture of the restored temple at Jerusalem during the Millennium, and of the worship of the Messiah when He shall exercise sway from that center to the ends of the earth.
Beginning with chapter 40:1-5, we have an introduction to the subject -- the date as usual (1), the location and the opening vision. (The vision is of a city on the south); (2), a man with a measuring rod; (3), a building surrounded by a wall (5). In verses 6-16 the measurement of the east gate, the threshold, posts, porches, chambers, entry, pillars, etc. Following this (7-23), the outer court, the north gate and details corresponding to the preceding. Then the south gate with its appurtenances, and so on to verse 38. In 38-43 we have a description of the cells and entrances, the tables of stone for slaying the offerings, the inner cells for the singers (44-47), and finally the measuring of the porch (48, 49).
In chapter 41 the prophet views the house itself, and in 42 he sees the cells or chambers for the priests (1-12). This is followed by regulations as to eating, dressing of the priests (13, 14)1 the chapter closing with a general summary.
In chapter 43 a more august sight presents itself, the Shekinah, the visible glory of Jehovah is seen returning to dwell in the midst of His people (1-5).
Kelly says, "the force of this is clear enough. It is the sign of God's return to Israel which He had left since the time of their captivity in Babylon. When it left. Israel, or the Jews, ceased to be His recognized people, but when they are taken up again under the Messiah the glory comes back." (6-9.)
Following this we have the measurement of the altar, and statutes for the offering of burnt-offerings and the sprinkling of blood (13-17). But why is this, if we are dealing with millennial conditions? To this the author quoted above replies, that while Israel is to return to the land, and be converted and blessed, it will be still as Israel, not as Christians. In the present dispensation all believers, both Jews and Gentiles, belong to Christ in heaven, where such differences are unknown, but when this prophecy is fulfilled, and Christ's reign begins on earth, the distinction will be again resumed, though now for blessing, and not for cursing, as of old. He quotes verses 18-27 as decisive of this, since in these verses we hear of priests and Levites and the seed of Zadok entrusted with the duties of the altar.
Speaking of the offerings, they will be memorial, looking back to the cross, as under the old covenant they were anticipatory, looking forward to the cross. In neither case have animal sacrifices power to put away sin (롬3:25; 히10:4). -- Scofield.
Five Views of Interpretation.
There are five interpretations of these chapters:
(1) Some think they describe the temple at Jerusalem prior to the Babylonian captivity, and are designed to preserve a memorial of it. But the objection is that such a memorial is unnecessary because of the records in Kings and Chronicles; while the description is untrue because in many particulars it does not agree with that in the books named.
(2) Some think these chapters describe the temple in Jerusalem after the return from the seventy years in Babylon, but this can not be, because there are more marks of contrast than likeness between the temple here describe and that.
(3) Some think they describe the ideal temple which the Jews should have built after the seventy years' return, and which they never realized. But this lowers the character of the divine Word. Why should this prophecy in Ezekiel have been given if it was never to be fulfilled?
(4) Some think this temple in Ezekiel symbolizes the spiritual blessings of the church in the present age. But this appears unlikely, because even those who hold the theory can not explain the symbolism of which they speak. Moreover, even as symbolism it leaves out several important features of Christianity, such as the atonement and intercession of the high priest.
(5) The last view is that in the preceding comments, that we have here a prediction of the temple that shall be built in the millennial age. This appears a fitting and intelligent sequel to the preceding prophecies. A strong objection to it exists in that sacrifices and feasts are referred to, which seem contradictory to Christianity. But it should be remembered that Christianity is not meant, but a new dispensation with Israel on the earth while the church is in the air with Christ. This involves changes of immense magnitude.
An Architect's Testimony.
While lecturing in Edinburgh, the author received a communication from G. S. Aitkin, Esq., an architect of that city, who had studied this vision of the temple from a technical standpoint, and made a plan of it, finding a place for every measurement referred to.
The two points he settled were, first, as to the meaning of chapter 40:14, which he found referred to a girth measurement. This fixed the position of the outer gates in relation to the enclosing walls, and so determined the position of all the other parts following. The second point, that the five hundred cubit or "reed" dimension (chapter 42:15, 16) was also girth and not linear dimensions, as hitherto maintained. The following is an extract of a paper prepared by him on the subject for the "Transactions" of the Royal Institute of British Architects."
PLAN OF THE MILLENNIAL, TEMPLE AS REVEALED TO EZEKIEL, AND ENLARGED PLAN OF PORCH.
"In the fourteenth verse of the fortieth chapter is mentioned the measurement that fixes the projections of the gate in relation to the enclosing walls; and as will be afterwards seen, the ultimate form and dimensions of the entire enclosure. Hitherto Ezekiel had been describing linear measurements, but now the expression 'Post of the court round about the gate' may be taken to imply that the prophet's companion made a girth measurement from the post of the court on one side right round the gate to the post of the court on the other side of 60 cubits. By deducting the girth of the porch, which is 45 cubits (see author's plan from A to B) from this 60 cubits 15 remain, or 7 cubits for each shoulder.
"The measurements of the buildings within the temple courts being completed, Ezekiel is brought through the eastern gate to the outside of the enclosing north, south, east and west wall, which are measured in his presence, and found to be 500 reeds, or, as corrected by the LXX, 500 cubits each.
"To meet this statement, Hastings' Bible Dictionary represents the temple area as enclosed with a straight lined wall, which, unbroken in outline, necessarily leads to so large an internal area as to require a greater number of courts than the inspired record allows.
"The author's plan, on the other hand, measuring around the broken outline which is obtained by adding the porches and the 'People's Sacrificial Kitchen,' 40 X 30 internally (chapter 46, verse 22), or (adding thickness of wall) 52 cubits by 42 cubits externally, secures the desired dimensions of 500 cubits for each side, the Priests' Kitchens (chapter 46, verses 19, 20) being substituted on the west side for the porches of the other three sides."
If this exegesis is correct, it is a further confirmation that the vision was the result of divine inspiration. Mr. Aitken did not understand what the intrinsic meaning of the whole passage might be, but it occurred to him, after listening to an exposition of the book by the present author, that it might refer to the future rebuilding of the Jewish temple at Jerusalem.
【겔44:1 MHCC】 This chapter contains ordinances relative to the true priests. The prince evidently means Christ, and the words in 겔44:2, may remind us that no other can enter heaven, the true sanctuary, as Christ did; namely, by virtue of his own excellency, and his personal holiness, righteousness, and strength. He who is the Brightness of Jehovah's glory entered by his own holiness; but that way is shut to the whole human race, and we all must enter as sinners, by faith in his blood, and by the power of his grace.
【겔44:2 JFB】2. shut … not be opened—(욥12:14; 사22:22; 계3:7). "Shut" to the people (출19:21, 22), but open to "the prince" (겔44:3), he holding the place of God in political concerns, as the priests do in spiritual. As a mark of respect to an Eastern monarch, the gate by which he enters is thenceforth shut to all other persons (compare 출19:24).
【겔44:3 JFB】3. the prince—not King Messiah, as He never would offer a burnt offering for Himself, as the prince is to do (겔46:4). The prince must mean the civil ruler under Messiah. His connection with the east gate (by which the Lord had returned to His temple) implies, that, as ruling under God, he is to stand in a place of peculiar nearness to God. He represents Messiah, who entered heaven, the true sanctuary, by a way that none other could, namely, by His own holiness; all others must enter as sinners by faith in His blood, through grace.
eat bread before the Lord—a custom connected with sacrifices (창31:54; 출18:12; 24:11; 고전10:18).
【겔44:4 JFB】4-6. Directions as to the priests. Their acts of desecration are attributed to "the house of Israel" (겔44:6, 7), as the sins of the priesthood and of the people acted and reacted on one another; "like people, like priest" (렘5:31; 호4:9).
【겔44:7 JFB】7. uncircumcised in heart—Israelites circumcised outwardly, but wanting the true circumcision of the heart (신10:16; 행7:51).
uncircumcised in flesh—not having even the outward badge of the covenant-people.
【겔44:8 JFB】8. keepers … for yourselves—such as you yourselves thought fit, not such as I approve of. Or else, "Ye have not yourselves kept the charge of My holy things, but have set others as keepers of My charge in My sanctuary for yourselves" [Maurer].
【겔44:10 JFB】10, 11. Levites … shall … bear—namely, the punishment of
their iniquity … Yet they shall be ministers—So Mark, a Levite, nephew of Barnabas (행4:36), was punished by Paul for losing an opportunity of bearing the cross of Christ, and yet was afterwards admitted into his friendship again, and showed his zeal (행13:13; 15:37; 골4:10; 딤후4:11). One may be a believer, and that too in a distinguished place, and yet lose some special honor—be acknowledged as pious, yet be excluded from some dignity [Bengel].
charge at the gates—Better to be "a doorkeeper in the house of God, than to dwell in the tents of wickedness" (시84:10). Though standing as a mere doorkeeper, it is in the house of God, which hath foundations: whereas he who dwells with the wicked, dwells in but shifting tents.
【겔44:15 JFB】15. Zadok—The priests of the line of Ithamar were to be discharged from ministrations in the temple, because of their corruptions, following in the steps of Eli's sons, against whom the same denunciation was uttered (삼상2:32, 35). Zadok, according to his name (which means "righteous") and his line, were to succeed (왕상2:35; 대상24:3), as they did not take part in the general apostasy to the same degree, and perhaps [Fairbairn] the prophet, referring to their original state, speaks of them as they appeared when first chosen to the office.
【겔44:17 JFB】17. linen—symbolical of purity. Wool soon induces perspiration in the sultry East and so becomes uncleanly.
【겔44:18 JFB】18. bonnets—turbans.
【겔44:19 JFB】19. not sanctify the people with their garments—namely, those peculiarly priestly vestments in which they ministered in the sanctuary.
【겔44:20 JFB】20. Neither … shave … heads—as mourners do (레21:1-5). The worshippers of the Egyptian idols Serapis and Isis shaved their heads; another reason why Jehovah's priests are not to do so.
nor suffer … locks to grow long—as the luxurious, barbarians, and soldiers in warfare did [Jerome].
【겔44:21 JFB】21. Neither … wine—lest the holy enthusiasm of their devotion should be mistaken for inebriation, as in Peter's case (행2:13, 15, 18).
【겔44:28 JFB】28. I am their inheritance—(민18:20; 신10:9; 18:1; 수13:14, 32).
【겔44:30 JFB】30. give … priest the first … that he may cause the blessing to rest—(잠3:9, 10; 말3:10).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.