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■ 에스겔 36장
1. 인자야 너는 이스라엘 산들에게 예언하여 이르기를 이스라엘 산들아 여호와의 말씀을 들으라
Also, thou son of man , prophesy unto the mountains of Israel , and say , Ye mountains of Israel , hear the word of the Lord :
2. 주 여호와의 말씀에 대적이 네게 대하여 말하기를 하하 옛적 높은 곳이 우리의 기업이 되었도다 하였느니라
Thus saith the Lord God ; Because the enemy hath said against you, Aha , even the ancient high places are ours in possession :
3. 그러므로 너는 예언하여 이르기를 주 여호와의 말씀에 그들이 너희를 황무케 하고 너희 사방을 삼켜서 너희로 남은 이방인의 기업이 되게 하여 사람의 말거리와 백성의 비방거리가 되게 하였도다
Therefore prophesy and say , Thus saith the Lord God ; Because they have made you desolate , and swallowed you up on every side , that ye might be a possession unto the residue of the heathen , and ye are taken up in the lips of talkers , and are an infamy of the people :
4. 그러므로 이스라엘 산들아 주 여호와의 말씀을 들을지어다 주 여호와께서 산들과 멧부리들과 시내들과 골짜기들과 황무한 사막들과 사면에 남아 있는 이방인의 노략거리와 조롱거리가 된 버린 성읍들에게 말씀하셨느니라
Therefore, ye mountains of Israel , hear the word of the Lord God ; Thus saith the Lord God to the mountains , and to the hills , to the rivers , and to the valleys , to the desolate wastes , and to the cities that are forsaken , which became a prey and derision to the residue of the heathen that are round about ;
5. 주 여호와의 말씀에 내가 진실로 내 맹렬한 투기로 남아 있는 이방인과 에돔 온 땅을 쳐서 말하였노니 이는 그들이 심히 즐거워 하는 마음과 멸시하는 심령으로 내 땅을 빼앗아 노략하여 자기 소유를 삼았음이니라
Therefore thus saith the Lord God ; Surely in the fire of my jealousy have I spoken against the residue of the heathen , and against all Idumea , which have appointed my land into their possession with the joy of all their heart , with despiteful minds , to cast it out for a prey .
6. 그러므로 너는 이스라엘 땅을 대하여 예언하되 그 산들과 멧부리들과 시내들과 골짜기들을 대하여 이르기를 주 여호와의 말씀에 내가 내 투기와 내 분노로 말하였나니 이는 너희가 이방의 수욕을 당하였음이라
Prophesy therefore concerning the land of Israel , and say unto the mountains , and to the hills , to the rivers , and to the valleys , Thus saith the Lord God ; Behold, I have spoken in my jealousy and in my fury , because ye have borne the shame of the heathen :
7. 그러므로 주 여호와의 말씀에 내가 맹세하였은즉 너희 사면에 있는 이방인이 자기 수욕을 정녕 당하리라
Therefore thus saith the Lord God ; I have lifted up mine hand , Surely the heathen that are about you, they shall bear their shame .
8. 그러나 너희 이스라엘 산들아 너희는 가지를 내고 내 백성 이스라엘을 위하여 과실을 맺으리니 그들의 올 때가 가까이 이르렀음이니라
But ye, O mountains of Israel , ye shall shoot forth your branches , and yield your fruit to my people of Israel ; for they are at hand to come .
9. 내가 돌이켜 너희와 함께 하리니 사람이 너희를 갈고 심을 것이며
For, behold, I am for you, and I will turn unto you, and ye shall be tilled and sown :
10. 내가 또 사람을 너희 위에 많게 하리니 이들은 이스라엘 온 족속이라 그들로 성읍들에 거하게 하며 빈 땅에 건축하게 하리라
And I will multiply men upon you, all the house of Israel , even all of it: and the cities shall be inhabited , and the wastes shall be builded :
11. 내가 너희 위에 사람과 짐승으로 많게 하되 생육이 중다하고 번성하게 할 것이라 너희 전 지위대로 사람이 거하게 하여 너희를 처음보다 낫게 대접하리니 너희가 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라
And I will multiply upon you man and beast ; and they shall increase and bring fruit : and I will settle you after your old estates , and will do better unto you than at your beginnings : and ye shall know that I am the Lord .
12. 내가 사람으로 너희 위에 행하게 하리니 그들은 내 백성 이스라엘이라 그들은 너를 얻고 너는 그 기업이 되어 다시는 그들로 자식들을 잃어버리지 않게 하리라
Yea, I will cause men to walk upon you, even my people Israel ; and they shall possess thee, and thou shalt be their inheritance , and thou shalt no more henceforth bereave them of men.
13. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 그들이 너희에게 이르기를 너는 사람을 삼키는 자요 네 나라 백성을 제한 자라 하거니와
Thus saith the Lord God ; Because they say unto you, Thou land devourest up men , and hast bereaved thy nations ;
14. 네가 다시는 사람을 삼키지 아니하며 다시는 네 나라 백성을 제하지 아니하리라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라
Therefore thou shalt devour men no more, neither bereave thy nations any more, saith the Lord God .
15. 내가 또 너로 열국의 수욕을 듣지 않게 하며 만민의 비방을 다시 받지 않게 하며 네 나라 백성을 다시 넘어뜨리지 않게 하리라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라 하셨다 하라
Neither will I cause men to hear in thee the shame of the heathen any more, neither shalt thou bear the reproach of the people any more, neither shalt thou cause thy nations to fall any more, saith the Lord God .
16. 여호와의 말씀이 또 내게 임하여 가라사대
Moreover the word of the Lord came unto me, saying ,
17. 인자야 이스라엘 족속이 그 고토에 거할 때에 그 행위로 그 땅을 더럽혔나니 나 보기에 그 소위가 월경 중에 있는 여인의 부정함과 같았느니라
Son of man , when the house of Israel dwelt in their own land , they defiled it by their own way and by their doings : their way was before me as the uncleanness of a removed woman .
18. 그들이 땅 위에 피를 쏟았으며 그 우상들로 더럽혔으므로 내가 분노를 그들의 위에 쏟아
Wherefore I poured my fury upon them for the blood that they had shed upon the land , and for their idols wherewith they had polluted it:
19. 그들을 그 행위대로 심판하여 각국에 흩으며 열방에 헤쳤더니
And I scattered them among the heathen , and they were dispersed through the countries : according to their way and according to their doings I judged them.
20. 그들의 이른바 그 열국에서 내 거룩한 이름이 그들로 인하여 더러워졌나니 곧 사람들이 그들을 가리켜 이르기를 이들은 여호와의 백성이라도 여호와의 땅에서 떠난 자라 하였음이니라
And when they entered unto the heathen , whither they went , they profaned my holy name , when they said to them, These are the people of the Lord , and are gone forth out of his land .
21. 그러나 이스라엘 족속이 들어간 그 열국에서 더럽힌 내 거룩한 이름을 내가 아꼈노라
But I had pity for mine holy name , which the house of Israel had profaned among the heathen , whither they went .
22. 그러므로 너는 이스라엘 족속에게 이르기를 주 여호와의 말씀에 이스라엘 족속아 내가 이렇게 행함은 너희를 위함이 아니요 너희가 들어간 그 열국에서 더럽힌 나의 거룩한 이름을 위함이라
Therefore say unto the house of Israel , Thus saith the Lord God ; I do not this for your sakes, O house of Israel , but for mine holy name’s sake, which ye have profaned among the heathen , whither ye went .
23. 열국 가운데서 더럽힘을 받은 이름 곧 너희가 그들 중에서 더럽힌 나의 큰 이름을 내가 거룩하게 할지라 내가 그들의 목전에서 너희로 인하여 나의 거룩함을 나타내리니 열국 사람이 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라
And I will sanctify my great name , which was profaned among the heathen , which ye have profaned in the midst of them; and the heathen shall know that I am the Lord , saith the Lord God , when I shall be sanctified in you before their eyes .
24. 내가 너희를 열국 중에서 취하여 내고 열국 중에서 모아 데리고 고토에 들어가서
For I will take you from among the heathen , and gather you out of all countries , and will bring you into your own land .
25. 맑은 물로 너희에게 뿌려서 너희로 정결케 하되 곧 너희 모든 더러운 것에서와 모든 우상을 섬김에서 너희를 정결케 할 것이며
Then will I sprinkle clean water upon you, and ye shall be clean : from all your filthiness , and from all your idols , will I cleanse you.
26. 또 새 영을 너희 속에 두고 새 마음을 너희에게 주되 너희 육신에서 굳은 마음을 제하고 부드러운 마음을 줄 것이며
A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you: and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh , and I will give you an heart of flesh .
27. 또 내 신을 너희 속에 두어 너희로 내 율례를 행하게 하리니 너희가 내 규례를 지켜 행할지라
And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes , and ye shall keep my judgments , and do them.
28. 내가 너희 열조에게 준 땅에 너희가 거하여 내 백성이 되고 나는 너희 하나님이 되리라
And ye shall dwell in the land that I gave to your fathers ; and ye shall be my people , and I will be your God .
29. 내가 너희를 모든 더러운 데서 구원하고 곡식으로 풍성하게 하여 기근이 너희에게 임하지 아니하게 할 것이며
I will also save you from all your uncleannesses : and I will call for the corn , and will increase it, and lay no famine upon you.
30. 또 나무의 실과와 밭의 소산을 풍성케 하여 너희로 다시는 기근의 욕을 열국에게 받지 않게 하리니
And I will multiply the fruit of the tree , and the increase of the field , that ye shall receive no more reproach of famine among the heathen .
31. 그 때에 너희가 너희 악한 길과 너희 불선한 행위를 기억하고 너희 모든 죄악과 가증한 일을 인하여 스스로 밉게 보리라
Then shall ye remember your own evil ways , and your doings that were not good , and shall lothe yourselves in your own sight for your iniquities and for your abominations .
32. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 내가 이렇게 행함은 너희를 위함이 아닌 줄을 너희가 알리라 이스라엘 족속아 너희 행위를 인하여 부끄러워하고 한탄할지어다
Not for your sakes do I this, saith the Lord God , be it known unto you: be ashamed and confounded for your own ways , O house of Israel .
33. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 내가 너희를 모든 죄악에서 정결케 하는 날에 성읍들에 사람이 거접되게 하며 황폐한 것이 건축되게 할 것인즉
Thus saith the Lord God ; In the day that I shall have cleansed you from all your iniquities I will also cause you to dwell in the cities , and the wastes shall be builded .
34. 전에는 지나가는 자의 눈에 황무하게 보이던 그 황무한 땅이 장차 기경이 될지라
And the desolate land shall be tilled , whereas it lay desolate in the sight of all that passed by .
35. 사람이 이르기를 이 땅이 황무하더니 이제는 에덴 동산 같이 되었고 황량하고 적막하고 무너진 성읍들에 성벽과 거민이 있다 하리니
And they shall say , This land that was desolate is become like the garden of Eden ; and the waste and desolate and ruined cities are become fenced , and are inhabited .
36. 너희 사면에 남은 이방 사람이 나 여호와가 무너진 곳을 건축하며 황무한 자리에 심은 줄 알리라 나 여호와가 말하였으니 이루리라
Then the heathen that are left round about you shall know that I the Lord build the ruined places, and plant that that was desolate : I the Lord have spoken it, and I will do it.
37. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 그래도 이스라엘 족속이 이와 같이 자기들에게 이루어 주기를 내게 구하여야 할지라 내가 그들의 인수로 양떼 같이 많아지게 하되
Thus saith the Lord God ; I will yet for this be enquired of by the house of Israel , to do it for them; I will increase them with men like a flock .
38. 제사드릴 양떼 곧 예루살렘 정한 절기의 양떼 같이 황폐한 성읍에 사람의 떼로 채우리라 그리한즉 그들이 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라 하셨느니라
As the holy flock , as the flock of Jerusalem in her solemn feasts ; so shall the waste cities be filled with flocks of men : and they shall know that I am the Lord .
■ 주석 보기
【겔36:1 JFB】겔36:1-38. Israel Avenged of Her Foes, and Restored, First to Inward Holiness, Then to Outward Prosperity.
The distinction between Israel and the heathen (as Edom) is: Israel has a covenant relation to God ensuring restoration after chastisement, so that the heathen's hope of getting possession of the elect people's inheritance must fail, and they themselves be made desolate (겔36:1-15). The reason for the chastisement of Israel was Israel's sin and profanation of God's name (겔36:16-21). God has good in store for Israel, for His own name's sake, to revive His people; first, by a spiritual renewal of their hearts, and, next, by an external restoration to prosperity (겔36:22-33). The result is that the heathen shall be impressed with the power and goodness of God manifested so palpably towards the restored people (겔36:34-38).
1, 2. mountains of Israel—in contrast to "Mount Seir" of the previous prophecy. They are here personified; Israel's elevation is moral, not merely physical, as Edom's. Her hills are "the everlasting hills" of Jacob's prophecy (창49:26). "The enemy" (Edom, the singled-out representative of all God's foes), with a shout of exultation, "Aha!" had claimed, as the nearest kinsman of Israel (the brother of their father Esau), his vacated inheritance; as much as to say, the so-called "everlasting" inheritance of Israel and of the "hills," which typified the unmoved perpetuity of it (시125:1, 2), has come to an end, in spite of the promise of God, and has become "ours" (compare 신32:13; 33:15).
【겔36:1 CWC】[BROKEN SILENCE]
Ezekiel's commission to his own countrymen is now renewed (21, 22), and evidences a new tone. "Heretofore his functions had been chiefly threatening, but now the evil having reached its worst in the overthrow of Jerusalem, the consolatory element preponderates." (See 22:11).
Verses 23-29 of the same chapter, have reference to the handful left in Jerusalem after the siege, the best commentary on which is Jeremiah 40-42. Verse 30 to the end describes conditions at Chebar. The last verse alludes to the news in verse 21. When they heard that report which took some time to reach them, they had reason to change their minds about the prophet and his work.
Many False Shepherds and the One True One. 34.
"The shepherds of Israel" (2), are not the prophets and priests so much (though they may be included), as the rulers -- kings, princes, judges. The indictment against them extends to verse 10, at which point encouragement and comfort is given to the scattered sheep, the people of Israel. The language corresponds with that of all the prophets, and points to the regathering of the nation in the latter times, and their restoration and blessing in the land again (11-22). This will synchronize with the second coming of the Messiah, here called "my servant David" (24) and "a plant of renown" (29). That millennial conditions are in mind is evidenced by verses 25-28. "Though a number of the people returned after the seventy years' captivity, and though they had a larger posterity in the land, yet they were continually under the Gentile yoke, until in A. D. 70, they were finally driven away again in a dispersion which still continues."
Judgment on Mount Seir or Edom. 35.
This is placed here by way of contrast with Israel's promised blessing. The Edomites, descendants of Esau, Jacob's brother, had treated their kin shamefully in the past (5), therefore, unlike them their desolations should be perpetual (9). Remember that it is only in their national character of foes to Israel that they are to be destroyed. God is always merciful to individuals who repent. "When the whole earth rejoices" (14), means Judah and the nations that submit themselves to her God.
Moral Restoration. 36.
It is always understood that the national restoration of Israel implies their moral restoration. They will repent and turn to the Lord before the promised blessings shall be poured out upon them. It is this moral restoration which is foretold here.
We have first restoration of the land (1-15), and then the people (35:16, 37:28). Verses 19-22, like those that follow, are spoken anticipatively. Observe God's motive for restoring them {22, 23). Observe the symbolic allusion to their moral regeneration (25-27, and that afterwards comes the material blessing. Many will have been gathered back to their land before the moral cleansing takes place, but the blessing will be withheld till then (28-38).
Valley of Dry Bones. 37.
In this chapter we have in symbol what the preceding foretold in plain language -- in other words what the prophet saw in vision. Verse 11 is the key to the chapter. The "bones" are the whole house of Israel on the earth at the time to which the prophecy refers, which is the beginning of the millennial age. The "graves" are the Gentile nations among which they shall be scattered. They shall be gathered out from among these nations back to their land (12). This will result in their conversion (13), after which they will be filled with the Holy Spirit (14). The two sticks (16) are Israel and Judah which shall again become one (17-27). Following this is a blessing on the whole earth (28). Compare 행15:16, 17.
Verse 8 indicates that the people will return to their land at first unconverted. "David my servant" (24) is generally understood of the Messiah. "The chapter, as a whole, presents a beautiful image of Christian faith, which believes in the coming general resurrection of the dead in the face of all appearances against it, because God has said it (요5:21; 롬4:17; 고후1:9)."
【겔36:1 MHCC】 The land shall be delivered from heathen oppressors. (겔36:1-15) The people are reminded of former sins, and promised deliverance. (겔36:16-24) Also holiness, and gospel blessings. (겔36:25-38)
겔36:1-15 Those who put contempt and reproach on God's people, will have them turned on themselves. God promises favour to his Israel. We have no reason to complain, if the more unkind men are, the more kind God is. They shall come again to their own border. It was a type of the heavenly Canaan, of which all God's children are heirs, and into which they all shall be brought together. And when God returns in mercy to a people who return to him in duty, all their grievances will be set right. The full completion of this prophecy must be in some future event.
겔36:16-24 The restoration of that people, being typical of our redemption by Christ, shows that the end aimed at in our salvation is the glory of God. The sin of a people defiles their land; renders it abominable to God, and uncomfortable to themselves. God's holy name is his great name; his holiness is his greatness, nor does any thing else make a man truly great.
겔36:25-38 Water is an emblem of the cleansing our polluted souls from sin. But no water can do more than take away the filth of the flesh. Water seems in general the sacramental sign of the sanctifying influences of the Holy Ghost; yet this is always connected with the atoning blood of Christ. When the latter is applied by faith to the conscience, to cleanse it from evil works, the former is always applied to the powers of the soul, to purify it from the pollution of sin. All that have an interest in the new covenant, have a new heart and a new spirit, in order to their walking in newness of life. God would give a heart of flesh, a soft and tender heart, complying with his holy will. Renewing grace works as great a change in the soul, as the turning a dead stone into living flesh. God will put his Spirit within, as a Teacher, Guide, and Sanctifier. The promise of God's grace to fit us for our duty, should quicken our constant care and endeavour to do our duty. These are promises to be pleaded by, and will be fulfilled to, all true believers in every age.
【겔36:3 JFB】3. Literally, "Because, even because."
swallowed you up—literally, "panted after" you, as a beast after its prey; implying the greedy cupidity of Edom as to Israel's inheritance (시56:1, 2).
lips of talkers—literally, "lips of the tongue," that is, of the slanderer, the man of tongue. Edom slandered Israel because of the connection of the latter with Jehovah, as though He were unable to save them. 신28:37, and 렘24:9 had foretold Israel's reproach among the heathen (단9:16).
【겔36:4 JFB】4. Inanimate creatures are addressed, to imply that the creature also, as it were, groans for deliverance from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God (롬8:19-21) [Polanus]. The completeness of the renewed blessedness of all parts of the land is implied.
derision—(시79:4).
【겔36:5 JFB】5. to cast it out for a prey—that is, to take the land for a prey, its inhabitants being cast out. Or the land is compared to a prey cast forth to wild beasts. Fairbairn needlessly alters the Hebrew pointing and translates, "that they may plunder its pasturage."
【겔36:6 JFB】6. the shame of the heathen—namely, the shame with which the heathen cover you (시123:3, 4).
【겔36:7 JFB】7. lifted … mine hand—in token of an oath (겔20:5; 창14:22).
they shall bear their shame—a perpetual shame; whereas the "shame" which Israel bore from these heathen was only for a time.
【겔36:8 JFB】8. they are at hand to come—that is, the Israelites are soon about to return to their land. This proves that the primary reference of the prophecy is to the return from Babylon, which was "at hand," or comparatively near. But this only in part fulfilled the prediction, the full and final blessing in future, and the restoration from Babylon was an earnest of it.
【겔36:10 JFB】10. wastes builded—사58:12; 61:4; 암9:11, 12, 14, where, as here (겔34:23, 24), the names of David, Messiah's type, and Edom, Israel's foe, are introduced in connection with the coming restoration.
【겔36:11 JFB】11. do better … than at your beginnings—as in the case of Job (욥42:12). Whereas the heathen nations fall irrevocably, Israel shall be more than restored; its last estate shall exceed even its first.
【겔36:12 JFB】12. to walk upon you—O mountains of Israel (겔36:8)!
thee … thou—change from plural to singular: O hill of Zion, singled out from the other mountains of Israel (겔34:26); or land.
thou shall no more … bereave them of men—Thou shalt no more provoke God to bereave them of children (so the ellipsis ought to be supplied, as Ezekiel probably alludes to 렘15:7, "I will bereave them of children").
【겔36:13 JFB】13. Thou land devourest up men—alluding to the words of the spies (민13:32). The land personified is represented as doing that which was done in it. Like an unnatural mother it devoured, that is, it was the grave of its people; of the Canaanites, its former possessors, through mutual wars, and finally by the sword of Israel; and now, of the Jews, through internal and external ills; for example, wars, famine (to which 겔36:30, "reproach of famine among the heathen," implies the allusion here is).
【겔36:14 JFB】14. bereave—so the Keri, or Hebrew Margin reads, to correspond to "bereave" in 겔36:13; but "cause to fall" or "stumble," in the Hebrew text or Chetib, being the more difficult reading, is the one least likely to come from a corrector; also, it forms a good transition to the next subject, namely, the moral cause of the people's calamities, namely, their falls, or stumblings through sin. The latter ceasing, the former also cease. So the same expression follows in 겔36:15, "Neither shalt thou cause thy nations to fall any more."
【겔36:17 JFB】17. removed woman—(레15:19, &c.).
【겔36:18 JFB】18, 19. The reason for their removal was their sin, which God's holiness could not let pass unpunished; just as a woman's legal uncleanness was the reason for her being separated from the congregation.
【겔36:20 JFB】20. profaned my holy name, when they—the heathen
said to them—the Israelites.
These, &c.—The Israelites gave a handle of reproach to the heathen against God, who would naturally say, These who take usury, oppress, commit adultery, &c., and who, in such an abject plight, are "gone forth" as exiles "out of His land," are specimens of what Jehovah can or will effect, for His people, and show what kind of a God this so-called holy, omnipotent, covenant-keeping God must be! (사52:5; 롬2:24).
【겔36:21 JFB】21. I had pity for mine holy name—that is, I felt pity for it; God's own name, so dishonored, was the primary object of His pitying concern; then His people, secondarily, through His concern for it [Fairbairn].
【겔36:22 JFB】22. not … for your sakes—that is, not for any merit in you; for, on the contrary, on your part, there is everything to call down continued severity (compare 신9:5, 6). The sole and sure ground of hope was God's regard to "His own name," as the God of covenant grace (시106:45), which He must vindicate from the dishonor brought on it by the Jews, before the heathen.
【겔36:23 JFB】23. sanctify—vindicate and manifest as holy, in opposition to the heathen reproaches of it brought on by the Jews' sins and their punishment (see on 겔36:20).
sanctified in you—that is, in respect of you; I shall be regarded in their eyes as the Holy One, and righteous in My dealings towards you (겔20:41; 28:22).
【겔36:24 JFB】24. Fulfilled primarily in the restoration from Babylon; ultimately to be so in the restoration "from all countries."
【겔36:25 JFB】25. The external restoration must be preceded by an internal one. The change in their condition must not be superficial, but must be based on a radical renewal of the heart. Then the heathen, understanding from the regenerated lives of God's people how holy God is, would perceive Israel's past troubles to have been only the necessary vindications of His righteousness. Thus God's name would be "sanctified" before the heathen, and God's people be prepared for outward blessings.
sprinkle … water—phraseology taken from the law; namely, the water mixed with the ashes of a heifer sprinkled with a hyssop on the unclean (민19:9-18); the thing signified being the cleansing blood of Christ sprinkled on the conscience and heart (히9:13, 14; 10:22; compare 렘33:8; 엡5:26).
from all your idols—Literal idolatry has ceased among the Jews ever since the captivity; so far, the prophecy has been already fulfilled; but "cleansing from all their idols," for example, covetousness, prejudices against Jesus of Nazareth, is yet future.
【겔36:26 JFB】26. new heart—mind and will.
spirit—motive and principle of action.
stony heart—unimpressible in serious things; like the "stony ground" (마13:5, 20), unfit for receiving the good seed so as to bring forth fruit.
heart of flesh—not "carnal" in opposition to "spiritual"; but impressible and docile, fit for receiving the good seed. In 겔18:31 they are commanded, "Make you a new heart, and a new spirit." Here God says, "A new heart will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you." Thus the responsibility of man, and the sovereign grace of God, are shown to be coexistent. Man cannot make himself a new heart unless God gives it (빌2:12, 13).
【겔36:27 JFB】27. my spirit—(겔11:19; 렘32:39). The partial reformation at the return from Babylon (스10:6, &c.; 느8:1-9:38) was an earnest of the full renewal hereafter under Messiah.
【겔36:28 JFB】28. ye … my people, … I … your God—(겔11:20; 렘30:22).
【겔36:29 JFB】29. save … from all … uncleannesses—the province of Jesus, according to the signification of His name (마1:21). To be specially exercised in behalf of the Jews in the latter days (롬11:26).
call for … corn—as a master "calls for" a servant; all the powers and productions of nature are the servants of Jehovah (시105:16; 마8:8, 9). Compare as to the subordination of all the intermediate agents to the Great First Cause, who will give "corn" and all good things to His people, 호2:21, 22; Z전8:12.
【겔36:30 JFB】30. no more reproach of famine among the heathen—to which their taunt (겔36:13), "Thou land devourest up men," in part referred.
【겔36:31 JFB】31. remember your … evil ways—with shame and loathing. The unexpected grace and love of God, manifested in Christ to Israel, shall melt the people into true repentance, which mere legal fear could not (겔16:61, 63; 시130:4; Z전12:10; compare 렘33:8, 9).
【겔36:35 JFB】35. they shall say—The heathen, who once made Israel's desolation a ground of reproach against the name of Jehovah Himself (겔36:20, 21); but now He so vindicates its sanctity (겔36:22, 23) that these same heathen are constrained to acknowledge Israel's more than renewed blessedness to be God's own work, and a ground for glorifying His name (겔36:36).
Eden—as Tyre (the type of the world powers in general: so Assyria, a cedar "in the garden of God, Eden," 겔31:8, 9), in original advantages, had been compared to "Eden, the garden of God" (겔28:13), from which she had fallen irrecoverably; so Israel, once desolate, is to be as "the garden of Eden" (사51:3), and is to be so unchangeably.
【겔36:36 JFB】36. Lord … spoken … do it—(민23:19).
【겔36:37 JFB】37. I will yet for this be inquired of—so as to grant it. On former occasions He had refused to be inquired of by Israel because the inquirers were not in a fit condition of mind to receive a blessing (겔14:3; 20:3). But hereafter, as in the restoration from Babylon (느8:1-9:38; 단9:3-20, 21, 23), God will prepare His people's hearts (겔36:26) to pray aright for the blessings which He is about to give (시102:13-17, 20; Z전12:10-14; 13:1).
like a flock—resuming the image (겔34:23, 31).
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