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■ 에스겔 28장
1. 여호와의 말씀이 또 내게 임하여 가라사대
The word of the Lord came again unto me, saying ,
2. 인자야 너는 두로 왕에게 이르기를 주 여호와의 말씀에 네 마음이 교만하여 말하기를 나는 신이라 내가 하나님의 자리 곧 바다 중심에 앉았다 하도다 네 마음이 하나님의 마음 같은 체 할지라도 너는 사람이요 신이 아니어늘
Son of man , say unto the prince of Tyrus , Thus saith the Lord God ; Because thine heart is lifted up , and thou hast said , I am a God , I sit in the seat of God , in the midst of the seas ; yet thou art a man , and not God , though thou set thine heart as the heart of God :
3. 네가 다니엘보다 지혜로워서 은밀한 것을 깨닫지 못할 것이 없다 하고
Behold, thou art wiser than Daniel ; there is no secret that they can hide from thee:
4. 네 지혜와 총명으로 재물을 얻었으며 금, 은을 곳간에 저축하였으며
With thy wisdom and with thine understanding thou hast gotten thee riches , and hast gotten gold and silver into thy treasures :
5. 네 큰 지혜와 장사함으로 재물을 더하고 그 재물로 인하여 네 마음이 교만하였도다
By thy great wisdom and by thy traffick hast thou increased thy riches , and thine heart is lifted up because of thy riches :
6. 그러므로 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 네 마음이 하나님의 마음 같은 체 하였으니
Therefore thus saith the Lord God ; Because thou hast set thine heart as the heart of God ;
7. 그런즉 내가 외인 곧 열국의 강포한 자를 거느리고 와서 너를 치리니 그들이 칼을 빼어 네 지혜의 아름다운 것을 치며 네 영화를 더럽히며
Behold, therefore I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the nations : and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy wisdom , and they shall defile thy brightness .
8. 또 너를 구덩이에 빠뜨려서 너로 바다 가운데서 살륙을 당한 자의 죽음 같이 바다 중심에서 죽게 할지라
They shall bring thee down to the pit , and thou shalt die the deaths of them that are slain in the midst of the seas .
9. 너를 살륙하는 자 앞에서 네가 그래도 말하기를 내가 하나님이라 하겠느냐 너를 치는 자의 수중에서 사람뿐이요 신이 아니라
Wilt thou yet say before him that slayeth thee, I am God ? but thou shalt be a man , and no God , in the hand of him that slayeth thee.
10. 네가 외인의 손에서 죽기를 할례 받지 않은 자의 죽음 같이 하리니 내가 말하였음이니라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라 하셨다 하라
Thou shalt die the deaths of the uncircumcised by the hand of strangers : for I have spoken it, saith the Lord God .
11. 여호와의 말씀이 또 내게 임하여 가라사대
Moreover the word of the Lord came unto me, saying ,
12. 인자야 두로 왕을 위하여 애가를 지어 그에게 이르기를 주 여호와의 말씀에 너는 완전한 인이었고 지혜가 충족하며 온전히 아름다왔도다
Son of man , take up a lamentation upon the king of Tyrus , and say unto him, Thus saith the Lord God ; Thou sealest up the sum , full of wisdom , and perfect in beauty .
13. 네가 옛적에 하나님의 동산 에덴에 있어서 각종 보석 곧 홍보석과 황보석과 금강석과 황옥과 홍마노와 창옥과 청보석과 남보석과 홍옥과 황금으로 단장하였었음이여 네가 지음을 받던 날에 너를 위하여 소고와 비파가 예비되었었도다
Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God ; every precious stone was thy covering , the sardius , topaz , and the diamond , the beryl , the onyx , and the jasper , the sapphire , the emerald , and the carbuncle , and gold : the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created .
14. 너는 기름 부음을 받은 덮는 그룹임이여 내가 너를 세우매 네가 하나님의 성산에 있어서 화광석 사이에 왕래하였었도다
Thou art the anointed cherub that covereth ; and I have set thee so: thou wast upon the holy mountain of God ; thou hast walked up and down in the midst of the stones of fire .
15. 네가 지음을 받던 날로부터 네 모든 길에 완전하더니 마침내 불의가 드러났도다
Thou wast perfect in thy ways from the day that thou wast created , till iniquity was found in thee.
16. 네 무역이 풍성하므로 네 가운데 강포가 가득하여 네가 범죄하였도다 너 덮는 그룹아 그러므로 내가 너를 더럽게 여겨 하나님의 산에서 쫓아 내었고 화광석 사이에서 멸하였도다
By the multitude of thy merchandise they have filled the midst of thee with violence , and thou hast sinned : therefore I will cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God : and I will destroy thee, O covering cherub , from the midst of the stones of fire .
17. 네가 아름다우므로 마음이 교만하였으며 네가 영화로우므로 네 지혜를 더럽혔음이여 내가 너를 땅에 던져 열왕 앞에 두어 그들의 구경거리가 되게 하였도다
Thine heart was lifted up because of thy beauty , thou hast corrupted thy wisdom by reason of thy brightness : I will cast thee to the ground , I will lay thee before kings , that they may behold thee.
18. 네가 죄악이 많고 무역이 불의하므로 네 모든 성소를 더럽혔음이여 내가 네 가운데서 불을 내어 너를 사르게 하고 너를 목도하는 모든 자 앞에서 너로 땅 위에 재가 되게 하였도다
Thou hast defiled thy sanctuaries by the multitude of thine iniquities , by the iniquity of thy traffick ; therefore will I bring forth a fire from the midst of thee, it shall devour thee, and I will bring thee to ashes upon the earth in the sight of all them that behold thee.
19. 만민 중에 너를 아는 자가 너로 인하여 다 놀랄 것임이여 네가 경계거리가 되고 네가 영원히 다시 있지 못하리로다 하셨다 하라
All they that know thee among the people shall be astonished at thee: thou shalt be a terror , and never shalt thou be any more .
20. 여호와의 말씀이 또 내게 임하여 가라사대
Again the word of the Lord came unto me, saying ,
21. 인자야 너는 낯을 시돈으로 향하고 그를 쳐서 예언하라
Son of man , set thy face against Zidon , and prophesy against it,
22. 너는 이르기를 주 여호와의 말씀에 시돈아 내가 너를 대적하나니 네 가운데서 내 영광이 나타나리라 하셨다 하라 내가 그 가운데서 국문을 행하여 내 거룩함을 나타낼 때에 무리가 나를 여호와인 줄 알지라
And say , Thus saith the Lord God ; Behold, I am against thee, O Zidon ; and I will be glorified in the midst of thee: and they shall know that I am the Lord , when I shall have executed judgments in her, and shall be sanctified in her.
23. 내가 그에게 염병을 보내며 그의 거리에 피가 흐르게 하리니 사방에서 오는 칼에 상한 자가 그 가운데 엎드러질 것인즉 무리가 나를 여호와인 줄 알겠고
For I will send into her pestilence , and blood into her streets ; and the wounded shall be judged in the midst of her by the sword upon her on every side ; and they shall know that I am the Lord .
24. 이스라엘 족속에게는 그 사면에서 그들을 멸시하는 자 중에 찌르는 가시와 아프게 하는 가시가 다시는 없으리니 그들이 나를 주 여호와인 줄 알리라
And there shall be no more a pricking brier unto the house of Israel , nor any grieving thorn of all that are round about them, that despised them; and they shall know that I am the Lord God .
25. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 내가 열방에 흩어 있는 이스라엘 족속을 모으고 그들로 인하여 열국의 목전에서 내 거룩함을 나타낼 때에 그들이 고토 곧 내 종 야곱에게 준 땅에 거할지라
Thus saith the Lord God ; When I shall have gathered the house of Israel from the people among whom they are scattered , and shall be sanctified in them in the sight of the heathen , then shall they dwell in their land that I have given to my servant Jacob .
26. 그들이 그 가운데 평안히 거하여 집을 건축하며 포도원을 심고 그들의 사면에서 멸시하던 모든 자를 내가 국문할 때에 그들이 평안히 살며 나를 그 하나님 여호와인 줄 알리라
And they shall dwell safely therein, and shall build houses , and plant vineyards ; yea, they shall dwell with confidence , when I have executed judgments upon all those that despise them round about them; and they shall know that I am the Lord their God .
■ 주석 보기
【겔28:1 JFB】겔28:1-26. Prophetical Dirge on the King of Tyre, as the Culmination and Embodiment of the Spirit of Carnal Pride and Self-sufficiency of the Whole State. The Fall of Zidon, the MotherCity. The Restoration of Israel in Contrast with Tyre and Zidon.
【겔28:1 CWC】[JUDGMENTS ON THE GENTILE NATIONS]
The prophet's "dumbness" enjoined in the last chapter, was only towards Hs own people, and the interval was employed in messages touching the Gentiles. These nations might have many charges laid against them but that which concerned a Prophet of Israel chiefly was their treatment of that nation -- see this borne out by the text. Their ruin was to be utter to the end while that of Israel was but temporary.
Seven nations are denounced, "the perfect number, implying that God's judgments would visit not merely these but the whole round of the Gentile world." Babylon is excepted here because she is, for the present, viewed as the rod of God's justice against Israel.
Use the marginal notes of your Bible for light on, the historical references, and the maps for geographical data. A Bible dictionary also would be of much assistance.
"Men of the east" (24:4) means the nomadic tribes beyond the Jordan.
The following from the Scofield Bible recalls earlier teachings. of this commentary: "The prophecies upon Gentile powers (in these chapters) have had partial fulfillments of which history bears witness, but the mention of the 'Day of the Lord' (30:3), makes it evident that a fulfillment in the final sense is still future. These countries are once more to be the battle-ground of the nations."
Tyre. 26-28.
In the first of these chapters we have Tyre's sin (1, 2), her doom and the instruments of its execution (3-14), and the effect of her downfall on the other nations (15-21). In the second, we have a lamentation over the loss of such earthly splendor, and in the third, an elegy addressed to the king on the humiliation of his sacrilegious pride. This last is the most important chapter of the three.
As to the destruction of Tyre, secular history shows how accurately God s word has come to pass. Though thou be sought for, yet shall thou never be found again" (21). This is not to say that there should be no more a lyre, but that there should be no more the Tyre that once was. As a matter of fact there were two Tyres in Ezekiel's time, old Tyre and new Tyre, the first on the main land and the other out in the sea; and as to the first not a vestige of it was left.
Passing over the "lamentation" attention is called to the description of the king of Tyre (28:1-19), which should be read in connection with that of the king of Babylon in Isaiah 14. The comment in that case fits this also, for although these verses are referring to the king of Tyre then reigning, Ithbaal II yet they have evidently an ulterior and fuller accomplishment in Satan, or in his earthly embodiment the beast, or the Antichrist, of 단7:25, 11:36, 37; 살후2:4, and 계13:6. There are many expressions in the chapter which baffle our understanding at present.
Egypt. 29-32.
It should be remembered that "Pharaoh" was a common name of all the kings of Egypt, meaning, as some say "the sun," others, "a crocodile, which was an object of worship by Egyptians. That nation was very prosperous and proud at this period, and no human sagacity could have foreseen its downfall as Ezekiel describes it, and as it came to pass, God's instrument was Babylon (29:19; 30:10), whose work is figuratively set forth in verses 4-12, of which 6 and 7 refer to the false confidence Israel reposed in Egypt during the siege and which was recorded in Isaiah and Jeremiah. Note verses 13-15 in the light of the subsequent history of Egypt, and compare them with the promise to Israel (21). God's covenant with the latter holds good, notwithstanding for the present she is dealt with like the Gentiles. "In that day" means in the fullest sense, the coming Day of the Lord.
Reaching chapter 30 we find two messages, the first (1-19), a repetition with details, of that in 29:1-16; and the second, a vision more particularly against Pharaoh himself.
"Heathen" (3) should be "nations," from which it will be seen that "the judgment on Egypt is the beginning of a world-wide judgment on all the Gentile people considered as God's enemies." "No more a prince of the land of Egypt" (13), means, no more an independent prince ruling the whole country.
Chapter 31 illustrates the overthrow of Egypt by that of Assyria, for although the former was not utterly to cease to be as in the case of the latter, yet it was to lose its prominence as an aspirant for world-dominion. Assyria was overthrown by the Chaldeans or Babylonians, and so Egypt would be.
Chapter 32 includes two lamentations rather than one, a fortnight apart in time, and divided at verse 17. Verse 7 may refer figuratively to the political sky, and yet the thought of supernatural darkness as formerly in 출10:21-23 is not excluded. The second lamentation accompanies Egypt in imagination to the unseen world where she shares the fate of other nations (18 et seq.).
【겔28:1 MHCC】 The sentence against the prince or king of Tyre. (겔28:1-19) The fall of Zidon. (겔28:20-23) The restoration of Israel. (겔28:24-26)
겔28:1-19 Ethbaal, or Ithobal, was the prince or king of Tyre; and being lifted up with excessive pride, he claimed Divine honours. Pride is peculiarly the sin of our fallen nature. Nor can any wisdom, except that which the Lord gives, lead to happiness in this world or in that which is to come. The haughty prince of Tyre thought he was able to protect his people by his own power, and considered himself as equal to the inhabitants of heaven. If it were possible to dwell in the garden of Eden, or even to enter heaven, no solid happiness could be enjoyed without a humble, holy, and spiritual mind. Especially all spiritual pride is of the devil. Those who indulge therein must expect to perish.
겔28:20-26. The Zidonians were borderers upon the land of Israel, and they might have learned to glorify the Lord; but, instead of that, they seduced Israel to the worship of their idols. War and pestilence are God's messengers; but he will be glorified in the restoring his people to their former safety and prosperity. God will cure them of their sins, and ease them of their troubles. This promise will at length fully come to pass in the heavenly Canaan: when all the saints shall be gathered together, every thing that offends shall be removed, all griefs and fears for ever banished. Happy, then, is the church of God, and every living member of it, though poor, afflicted, and despised; for the Lord will display his truth, power, and mercy, in the salvation and happiness of his redeemed people.
【겔28:2 JFB】2. Because, &c.—repeated resumptively in 겔28:6. The apodosis begins at 겔28:7. "The prince of Tyrus" at the time was Ithobal, or Ithbaal II; the name implying his close connection with Baal, the Phœnician supreme god, whose representative he was.
I am a god, I sit in … seat of God … the seas—As God sits enthroned in His heavenly citadel exempt from all injury, so I sit secure in my impregnable stronghold amidst the stormiest elements, able to control them at will, and make them subserve my interests. The language, though primarily here applied to the king of Tyre, as similar language is to the king of Babylon (사14:13, 14), yet has an ulterior and fuller accomplishment in Satan and his embodiment in Antichrist (단7:25; 11:36, 37; 살후2:4; 계13:6). This feeling of superhuman elevation in the king of Tyre was fostered by the fact that the island on which Tyre stood was called "the holy island" [Sanconiathon], being sacred to Hercules, so much so that the colonies looked up to Tyre as the mother city of their religion, as well as of their political existence. The Hebrew for "God" is El, that is, "the Mighty One."
yet, &c.—keen irony.
set thine heart as … heart of God—Thou thinkest of thyself as if thou wert God.
【겔28:3 JFB】3. Ezekiel ironically alludes to Ithbaal's overweening opinion of the wisdom of himself and the Tyrians, as though superior to that of Daniel, whose fame had reached even Tyre as eclipsing the Chaldean sages. "Thou art wiser," namely, in thine own opinion (Z전9:2).
no secret—namely, forgetting riches (겔28:4).
that they can hide—that is, that can be hidden.
【겔28:5 JFB】5. (시62:10).
【겔28:6 JFB】6. Because, &c.—resumptive of 겔28:2.
【겔28:7 JFB】7. therefore—apodosis.
strangers … terrible of the nations—the Chaldean foreigners noted for their ferocity (겔30:11; 31:12).
against the beauty of thy wisdom—that is, against thy beautiful possessions acquired by thy wisdom on which thou pridest thyself (겔28:3-5).
defile thy brightness—obscure the brightness of thy kingdom.
【겔28:8 JFB】8. the pit—that is, the bottom of the sea; the image being that of one conquered in a sea-fight.
the deaths—plural, as various kinds of deaths are meant (렘16:4).
of them … slain—literally, "pierced through." Such deaths as those pierced with many wounds die.
【겔28:9 JFB】9. yet say—that is, still say; referring to 겔28:2.
but, &c.—But thy blasphemous boastings shall be falsified, and thou shalt be shown to be but man, and not God, in the hand (at the mercy) of Him.
【겔28:10 JFB】10. deaths of … uncircumcised—that is, such a death as the uncircumcised or godless heathen deserve; and perhaps, also, such as the uncircumcised inflict, a great ignominy in the eyes of a Jew (삼상31:4); a fit retribution on him who had scoffed at the circumcised Jews.
【겔28:12 JFB】12. sealest up the sum—literally, "Thou art the one sealing the sum of perfection." A thing is sealed when completed (단9:24). "The sum" implies the full measure of beauty, from a Hebrew root, "to measure." The normal man—one formed after accurate rule.
【겔28:13 JFB】13. in Eden—The king of Tyre is represented in his former high state (contrasted with his subsequent downfall), under images drawn from the primeval man in Eden, the type of humanity in its most Godlike form.
garden of God—the model of ideal loveliness (겔31:8, 9; 36:35). In the person of the king of Tyre a new trial was made of humanity with the greatest earthly advantages. But as in the case of Adam, the good gifts of God were only turned into ministers to pride and self.
every precious stone—so in Eden (창2:12), "gold, bdellium, and the onyx stone." So the king of Tyre was arrayed in jewel-bespangled robes after the fashion of Oriental monarchs. The nine precious stones here mentioned answer to nine of the twelve (representing the twelve tribes) in the high priest's breastplate (출39:10-13; 계21:14, 19-21). Of the four rows of three in each, the third is omitted in the Hebrew, but is supplied in the Septuagint. In this, too, there is an ulterior reference to Antichrist, who is blasphemously to arrogate the office of our divine High Priest (Z전6:13).
tabrets—tambourines.
pipes—literally, "holes" in musical pipes or flutes.
created—that is, in the day of thine accession to the throne. Tambourines and all the marks of joy were ready prepared for thee ("in thee," that is, "with and for thee"). Thou hadst not, like others, to work thy way to the throne through arduous struggles. No sooner created than, like Adam, thou wast surrounded with the gratifications of Eden. Fairbairn, for "pipes," translates, "females" (having reference to 창1:27), that is, musician-women. Maurer explains the Hebrew not as to music, but as to the setting and mounting of the gems previously mentioned.
【겔28:14 JFB】14. anointed cherub—Gesenius translates from an Aramaic root, "extended cherub." English Version, from a Hebrew root, is better. "The cherub consecrated to the Lord by the anointing oil" [Fairbairn].
covereth—The imagery employed by Ezekiel as a priest is from the Jewish temple, wherein the cherubim overshadowed the mercy seat, as the king of Tyre, a demi-god in his own esteem, extended his protection over the interests of Tyre. The cherub—an ideal compound of the highest kinds of animal existence and the type of redeemed man in his ultimate state of perfection—is made the image of the king of Tyre, as if the beau ideal of humanity. The pretensions of Antichrist are the ulterior reference, of whom the king of Tyre is a type. Compare "As God … in the temple of God" (살후2:4).
I have set thee—not thou set thyself (잠8:16; 롬13:1).
upon the holy mountain of God—Zion, following up the image.
in … midst of … stones of fire—In ambitious imagination he stood in the place of God, "under whose feet was, as it were, a pavement of sapphire," while His glory was like "devouring fire" (출24:10, 17).
【겔28:15 JFB】15. perfect—prosperous [Grotius], and having no defect. So Hiram was a sample of the Tyrian monarch in his early days of wisdom and prosperity (왕상5:7, &c.).
till iniquity … in thee—Like the primeval man thou hast fallen by abusing God's gifts, and so hast provoked God's wrath.
【겔28:16 JFB】16. filled the midst of thee—that is, they have filled the midst of the city; he as the head of the state being involved in the guilt of the state, which he did not check, but fostered.
cast thee as profane—no longer treated as sacred, but driven out of the place of sanctity (see 겔28:14) which thou hast occupied (compare 시89:39).
【겔28:17 JFB】17. brightness—thy splendor.
lay thee before kings—as an example of God's wrath against presumptuous pride.
【겔28:18 JFB】18. thy sanctuaries—that is, the holy places, attributed to the king of Tyre in 겔28:14, as his ideal position. As he "profaned" it, so God will "profane" him (겔28:16).
fire … devour—As he abused his supposed elevation amidst "the stones of fire" (겔28:16), so God will make His "fire" to "devour" him.
【겔28:21 JFB】21. Zidon—famous for its fishery (from a root, Zud, "to fish"); and afterwards for its wide extended commerce; its artistic elegance was proverbial. Founded by Canaan's first-born (창10:15). Tyre was an offshoot from it, so that it was involved in the same overthrow by the Chaldeans as Tyre. It is mentioned separately, because its idolatry (Ashtaroth, Tammuz, or Adonis) infected Israel more than that of Tyre did (겔8:14; 유10:6; 왕상11:33). The notorious Jezebel was a daughter of the Zidonian king.
【겔28:22 JFB】22. shall be sanctified in her—when all nations shall see that I am the Holy Judge in the vengeance that I will inflict on her for sin.
【겔28:24 JFB】24. no more … brier … unto … Israel—as the idolatrous nations left in Canaan (among which Zidon is expressly specified in the limits of Asher, 유1:31) had been (민33:55; 수23:13). "A brier," first ensnaring the Israelites in sin, and then being made the instrument of punishing them.
pricking—literally, "causing bitterness." The same Hebrew is translated "fretting" (레13:51, 52). The wicked are often called "thorns" (삼하23:6).
【겔28:25 JFB】25, 26. Fulfilled in part at the restoration from Babylon, when Judaism, so far from being merged in heathenism, made inroads by conversions on the idolatry of surrounding nations. The full accomplishment is yet future, when Israel, under Christ, shall be the center of Christendom; of which an earnest was given in the woman from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon who sought the Saviour (마15:21, 24, 26-28; compare 사11:12).
dwell safely—(렘23:6).
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.