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■ 에스겔 26장
1. 제십일년 어느달 초 일일에 여호와의 말씀이 내게 임하여 가라사대
And it came to pass in the eleventh year , in the first day of the month , that the word of the Lord came unto me, saying ,
2. 인자야 두로가 예루살렘을 쳐서 이르기를 아하 좋다 만민의 문이 깨어져서 내게로 돌아왔도다 그가 황무하였으니 내가 충만함을 얻으리라 하였도다
Son of man , because that Tyrus hath said against Jerusalem , Aha , she is broken that was the gates of the people : she is turned unto me: I shall be replenished , now she is laid waste :
3. 그러므로 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 두로야 내가 너를 대적하여 바다가 그 파도로 흉용케 함 같이 열국으로 와서 너를 치게 하리니
Therefore thus saith the Lord God ; Behold, I am against thee, O Tyrus , and will cause many nations to come up against thee, as the sea causeth his waves to come up .
4. 그들이 두로의 성벽을 훼파하며 그 망대를 헐 것이요 나도 티끌을 그 위에서 쓸어 버려서 말간 반석이 되게 하며
And they shall destroy the walls of Tyrus , and break down her towers : I will also scrape her dust from her, and make her like the top of a rock .
5. 바다 가운데 그물 치는 곳이 되게 하리니 내가 말하였음이니라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라 그가 이방의 노략거리가 될 것이요
It shall be a place for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea : for I have spoken it, saith the Lord God : and it shall become a spoil to the nations .
6. 들에 있는 그의 딸들은 칼에 죽으리니 그들이 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라
And her daughters which are in the field shall be slain by the sword ; and they shall know that I am the Lord .
7. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 내가 열왕의 왕 곧 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살로 북방에서 말과 병거와 기병과 군대와 백성의 큰 무리를 거느리고 와서 두로를 치게 할 때에
For thus saith the Lord God ; Behold, I will bring upon Tyrus Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon , a king of kings , from the north , with horses , and with chariots , and with horsemen , and companies , and much people .
8. 그가 들에 있는 너의 딸들을 칼로 죽이고 너를 치려고 운제를 세우며 토성을 쌓으며 방패를 갖출 것이며
He shall slay with the sword thy daughters in the field : and he shall make a fort against thee, and cast a mount against thee, and lift up the buckler against thee.
9. 공성퇴를 베풀어 네 성을 치며 도끼로 망대를 찍을 것이며
And he shall set engines of war against thy walls , and with his axes he shall break down thy towers .
10. 말이 많으므로 그 티끌이 너를 가리울 것이며 사람이 훼파된 성 구멍으로 들어가는 것 같이 그가 네 성문으로 들어갈 때에 그 기병과 수레와 병거의 소리로 인하여 네 성곽이 진동할 것이며
By reason of the abundance of his horses their dust shall cover thee: thy walls shall shake at the noise of the horsemen , and of the wheels , and of the chariots , when he shall enter into thy gates , as men enter into a city wherein is made a breach .
11. 그가 그 말굽으로 네 모든 거리를 밟을 것이며 칼로 네 백성을 죽일 것이며 네 견고한 석상을 땅에 엎드러뜨릴 것이며
With the hoofs of his horses shall he tread down all thy streets : he shall slay thy people by the sword , and thy strong garrisons shall go down to the ground .
12. 네 재물을 빼앗을 것이며 네 무역한 것을 노략할 것이며 네 성을 헐 것이며 네 기뻐하는 집을 무너뜨릴 것이며 또 네 돌들과 네 재목과 네 흙을 다 물 가운데 던질 것이라
And they shall make a spoil of thy riches , and make a prey of thy merchandise : and they shall break down thy walls , and destroy thy pleasant houses : and they shall lay thy stones and thy timber and thy dust in the midst of the water .
13. 내가 네 노래 소리로 그치게 하며 네 수금 소리로 다시 들리지 않게 하고
And I will cause the noise of thy songs to cease ; and the sound of thy harps shall be no more heard .
14. 너로 말간 반석이 되게 한즉 네가 그물 말리는 곳이 되고 다시는 건축되지 못하리니 나 여호와가 말하였음이니라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라
And I will make thee like the top of a rock : thou shalt be a place to spread nets upon ; thou shalt be built no more: for I the Lord have spoken it, saith the Lord God .
15. 주 여호와께서 두로를 대하여 말씀하시되 너의 엎드러지는 소리에 모든 섬이 진동하지 아니하겠느냐 곧 너희 중에 상한 자가 부르짖으며 살륙을 당할 때에라
Thus saith the Lord God to Tyrus ; Shall not the isles shake at the sound of thy fall , when the wounded cry , when the slaughter is made in the midst of thee?
16. 그 때에 바다의 모든 왕이 그 보좌에서 내려 조복을 벗으며 수 놓은 옷을 버리고 떨림을 입듯하고 땅에 앉아서 너로 인하여 무시로 떨며 놀랄 것이며
Then all the princes of the sea shall come down from their thrones , and lay away their robes , and put off their broidered garments : they shall clothe themselves with trembling ; they shall sit upon the ground , and shall tremble at every moment , and be astonished at thee.
17. 그들이 너를 위하여 애가를 불러 이르기를 항해자의 거한 유명한 성이여 너와 너의 거민이 바다 가운데 있어 견고하였었도다 해변의 모든 거민을 두렵게 하였더니 어찌 그리 멸망하였는고
And they shall take up a lamentation for thee, and say to thee, How art thou destroyed , that wast inhabited of seafaring men , the renowned city , which wast strong in the sea , she and her inhabitants , which cause their terror to be on all that haunt it!
18. 너의 무너지는 그 날에 섬들이 진동할 것임이여 바다 가운데 섬들이 네 결국을 보고 놀라리로다 하리라
Now shall the isles tremble in the day of thy fall ; yea, the isles that are in the sea shall be troubled at thy departure .
19. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 내가 너로 거민이 없는 성과 같이 황무한 성이 되게 하고 깊은 바다로 네 위에 오르게 하며 큰 물로 너를 덮게 할 때에
For thus saith the Lord God ; When I shall make thee a desolate city , like the cities that are not inhabited ; when I shall bring up the deep upon thee, and great waters shall cover thee;
20. 내가 너로 구덩이에 내려가는 자와 함께 내려가서 옛적 사람에게로 나아가게 하고 너로 그 구덩이에 내려간 자와 함께 땅 깊은 곳 예로부터 황적한 곳에 거하게 할지라 네가 다시는 사람이 거하는 곳이 되지 못하리니 산 자의 땅에서 영광을 얻지 못하리라
When I shall bring thee down with them that descend into the pit , with the people of old time , and shall set thee in the low parts of the earth , in places desolate of old , with them that go down to the pit , that thou be not inhabited ; and I shall set glory in the land of the living ;
21. 내가 너를 패망케 하여 다시 있지 못하게 하리니 사람이 비록 너를 찾으나 다시는 영원히 만나지 못하리라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라
I will make thee a terror , and thou shalt be no more: though thou be sought for , yet shalt thou never be found again, saith the Lord God .
■ 주석 보기
【겔26:1 JFB】겔26:1-21. The Judgment on Tyre through Nebuchadnezzar (TWENTY-SIXTH THROUGH Twenty-eighth Chapters).
In the twenty-sixth chapter, Ezekiel sets forth:—(1) Tyre's sin; (2) its doom; (3) the instruments executing it; (4) the effects produced on other nations by her downfall. In the twenty-seventh chapter, a lamentation over the fall of such earthly splendor. In the twenty-eighth chapter, an elegy addressed to the king, on the humiliation of his sacrilegious pride. Ezekiel, in his prophecies as to the heathen, exhibits the dark side only; because he views them simply in their hostility to the people of God, who shall outlive them all. Isaiah (사23:1-18), on the other hand, at the close of judgments, holds out the prospect of blessing, when Tyre should turn to the Lord.
1. The specification of the date, which had been omitted in the case of the four preceding objects of judgment, marks the greater weight attached to the fall of Tyre.
eleventh year—namely, after the carrying away of Jehoiachin, the year of the fall of Jerusalem. The number of the month is, however, omitted, and the day only given. As the month of the taking of Jerusalem was regarded as one of particular note, namely, the fourth month, also the fifth, on which it was actually destroyed (렘52:6, 12, 13), Rabbi David reasonably supposes that Tyre uttered her taunt at the close of the fourth month, as her nearness to Jerusalem enabled her to hear of its fall very soon, and that Ezekiel met it with his threat against herself on "the first day" of the fifth month.
【겔26:1 CWC】[JUDGMENTS ON THE GENTILE NATIONS]
The prophet's "dumbness" enjoined in the last chapter, was only towards Hs own people, and the interval was employed in messages touching the Gentiles. These nations might have many charges laid against them but that which concerned a Prophet of Israel chiefly was their treatment of that nation -- see this borne out by the text. Their ruin was to be utter to the end while that of Israel was but temporary.
Seven nations are denounced, "the perfect number, implying that God's judgments would visit not merely these but the whole round of the Gentile world." Babylon is excepted here because she is, for the present, viewed as the rod of God's justice against Israel.
Use the marginal notes of your Bible for light on, the historical references, and the maps for geographical data. A Bible dictionary also would be of much assistance.
"Men of the east" (24:4) means the nomadic tribes beyond the Jordan.
The following from the Scofield Bible recalls earlier teachings. of this commentary: "The prophecies upon Gentile powers (in these chapters) have had partial fulfillments of which history bears witness, but the mention of the 'Day of the Lord' (30:3), makes it evident that a fulfillment in the final sense is still future. These countries are once more to be the battle-ground of the nations."
Tyre. 26-28.
In the first of these chapters we have Tyre's sin (1, 2), her doom and the instruments of its execution (3-14), and the effect of her downfall on the other nations (15-21). In the second, we have a lamentation over the loss of such earthly splendor, and in the third, an elegy addressed to the king on the humiliation of his sacrilegious pride. This last is the most important chapter of the three.
As to the destruction of Tyre, secular history shows how accurately God s word has come to pass. Though thou be sought for, yet shall thou never be found again" (21). This is not to say that there should be no more a lyre, but that there should be no more the Tyre that once was. As a matter of fact there were two Tyres in Ezekiel's time, old Tyre and new Tyre, the first on the main land and the other out in the sea; and as to the first not a vestige of it was left.
Passing over the "lamentation" attention is called to the description of the king of Tyre (28:1-19), which should be read in connection with that of the king of Babylon in Isaiah 14. The comment in that case fits this also, for although these verses are referring to the king of Tyre then reigning, Ithbaal II yet they have evidently an ulterior and fuller accomplishment in Satan, or in his earthly embodiment the beast, or the Antichrist, of 단7:25, 11:36, 37; 살후2:4, and 계13:6. There are many expressions in the chapter which baffle our understanding at present.
Egypt. 29-32.
It should be remembered that "Pharaoh" was a common name of all the kings of Egypt, meaning, as some say "the sun," others, "a crocodile, which was an object of worship by Egyptians. That nation was very prosperous and proud at this period, and no human sagacity could have foreseen its downfall as Ezekiel describes it, and as it came to pass, God's instrument was Babylon (29:19; 30:10), whose work is figuratively set forth in verses 4-12, of which 6 and 7 refer to the false confidence Israel reposed in Egypt during the siege and which was recorded in Isaiah and Jeremiah. Note verses 13-15 in the light of the subsequent history of Egypt, and compare them with the promise to Israel (21). God's covenant with the latter holds good, notwithstanding for the present she is dealt with like the Gentiles. "In that day" means in the fullest sense, the coming Day of the Lord.
Reaching chapter 30 we find two messages, the first (1-19), a repetition with details, of that in 29:1-16; and the second, a vision more particularly against Pharaoh himself.
"Heathen" (3) should be "nations," from which it will be seen that "the judgment on Egypt is the beginning of a world-wide judgment on all the Gentile people considered as God's enemies." "No more a prince of the land of Egypt" (13), means, no more an independent prince ruling the whole country.
Chapter 31 illustrates the overthrow of Egypt by that of Assyria, for although the former was not utterly to cease to be as in the case of the latter, yet it was to lose its prominence as an aspirant for world-dominion. Assyria was overthrown by the Chaldeans or Babylonians, and so Egypt would be.
Chapter 32 includes two lamentations rather than one, a fortnight apart in time, and divided at verse 17. Verse 7 may refer figuratively to the political sky, and yet the thought of supernatural darkness as formerly in 출10:21-23 is not excluded. The second lamentation accompanies Egypt in imagination to the unseen world where she shares the fate of other nations (18 et seq.).
【겔26:1 MHCC】 A prophecy against Tyre.
겔26:1-14 To be secretly pleased with the death or decay of others, when we are likely to get by it; or with their fall, when we may thrive upon it, is a sin that easily besets us, yet is not thought so bad as really it is. But it comes from a selfish, covetous principle, and from that love of the world as our happiness, which the love of God expressly forbids. He often blasts the projects of those who would raise themselves on the ruin of others. The maxims most current in the trading world, are directly opposed to the law of God. But he will show himself against the money-loving, selfish traders, whose hearts, like those of Tyre, are hardened by the love of riches. Men have little cause to glory in things which stir up the envy and rapacity of others, and which are continually shifting from one to another; and in getting, keeping, and spending which, men provoke that God whose wrath turns joyous cities into ruinous heaps.
겔26:15-21 See how high, how great Tyre had been. See how low Tyre is made. The fall of others should awaken us out of security. Every discovery of the fulfilment of a Scripture prophecy, is like a miracle to confirm our faith. All that is earthly is vanity and vexation. Those who now have the most established prosperity, will soon be out of sight and forgotten.
【겔26:2 JFB】2. Tyre—(수19:29; 삼하24:7), literally, meaning "the rock-city," Zor; a name applying to the island Tyre, called New Tyre, rather than Old Tyre on the mainland. They were half a mile apart. "New Tyre," a century and a half before the fall of Jerusalem, had successfully resisted Shalmaneser of Assyria, for five years besieging it (Menander, from the Tyrian archives, quoted by Josephus, Antiquities, 9.14. 2). It was the stronger and more important of the two cities, and is the one chiefly, though not exclusively, here meant. Tyre was originally a colony of Zidon. Nebuchadnezzar's siege of it lasted thirteen years (겔29:18; 사23:1-18). Though no profane author mentions his having succeeded in the siege, Jerome states he read the fact in Assyrian histories.
Aha!—exultation over a fallen rival (시35:21, 25).
she … that was the gates—that is, the single gate composed of two folding doors. Hence the verb is singular. "Gates" were the place of resort for traffic and public business: so here it expresses a mart of commerce frequented by merchants. Tyre regards Jerusalem not as an open enemy, for her territory being the narrow, long strip of land north of Philistia, between Mount Lebanon and the sea, her interest was to cultivate friendly relations with the Jews, on whom she was dependent for corn (겔27:17; 왕상5:9; 행12:20). But Jerusalem had intercepted some of the inland traffic which she wished to monopolize to herself; so, in her intensely selfish worldly-mindedness, she exulted heartlessly over the fall of Jerusalem as her own gain. Hence she incurred the wrath of God as pre-eminently the world's representative in its ambition, selfishness, and pride, in defiance of the will of God (사23:9).
she is turned unto me—that is, the mart of corn, wine, oil, balsam, &c., which she once was, is transferred to me. The caravans from Palmyra, Petra, and the East will no longer be intercepted by the market ("the gates") of Jerusalem, but will come to me.
【겔26:3 JFB】3, 4. nations … as the sea … waves—In striking contrast to the boasting of Tyre, God threatens to bring against her Babylon's army levied from "many nations," even as the Mediterranean waves that dashed against her rock-founded city on all sides.
scrape her dust … make her … top of … rock—or, "a bare rock" [Grotius]. The soil which the Tyrians had brought together upon the rock on which they built their city, I will scrape so clean away as to leave no dust, but only the bare rock as it was. An awful contrast to her expectation of filling herself with all the wealth of the East now that Jerusalem has fallen.
【겔26:5 JFB】5. in the midst of the sea—plainly referring to New Tyre (겔27:32).
【겔26:6 JFB】6. her daughters … in the field—The surrounding villages, dependent on her in the open country, shall share the fate of the mother city.
【겔26:7 JFB】7. from the north—the original locality of the Chaldeans; also, the direction by which they entered Palestine, taking the route of Riblah and Hamath on the Orontes, in preference to that across the desert between Babylon and Judea.
king of kings—so called because of the many kings who owned allegiance to him (왕하18:28). God had delegated to him the universal earth-empire which is His (단2:47). The Son of God alone has the right and title inherently, and shall assume it when the world kings shall have been fully proved as abusers of the trust (딤전6:15; 계17:12-14; 19:15, 16). Ezekiel's prophecy was not based on conjecture from the past, for Shalmaneser, with all the might of the Assyrian empire, had failed in his siege of Tyre. Yet Nebuchadnezzar was to succeed. Josephus tells us that Nebuchadnezzar began the siege in the seventh year of Ithobal's reign, king of Tyre.
【겔26:9 JFB】9. engines of war—literally, "an apparatus for striking." "He shall apply the stroke of the battering-ram against thy walls." Havernick translates, "His enginery of destruction"; literally, the "destruction (not merely the stroke) of his enginery."
axes—literally, "swords."
【겔26:10 JFB】10. dust—So thick shall be the "dust" stirred up by the immense numbers of "horses," that it shall "cover" the whole city as a cloud.
horses … chariots—As in 겔26:3-5, New Tyre on the insular rock in the sea (compare 사23:2, 4, 6) is referred to; so here, in 겔26:9-11, Old Tyre on the mainland. Both are included in the prophecies under one name.
wheels—Fairbairn thinks that here, and in 겔23:24, as "the wheels" are distinct from the "chariots," some wheelwork for riding on, or for the operations of the siege, are meant.
【겔26:11 JFB】11. thy strong garrisons—literally, "the statutes of thy strength"; so the forts which are "monuments of thy strength." Maurer understands, in stricter agreement with the literal meaning, "the statues" or "obelisks erected in honor of the idols, the tutelary gods of Tyre," as Melecarte, answering to the Grecian Hercules, whose temple stood in Old Tyre (compare 렘43:13, Margin).
【겔26:12 JFB】12. lay thy stones … timber … in … midst of … water—referring to the insular New Tyre (겔26:3, 5; 겔27:4, 25, 26). When its lofty buildings and towers fall, surrounded as it was with the sea which entered its double harbor and washed its ramparts, the "stones … timbers … and dust" appropriately are described as thrown down "in the midst of the water." Though Ezekiel attributes the capture of Tyre to Nebuchadnezzar (see on 겔29:18), yet it does not follow that the final destruction of it described is attributed by him to the same monarch. The overthrow of Tyre by Nebuchadnezzar was the first link in the long chain of evil—the first deadly blow which prepared for, and was the earnest of, the final doom. The change in this verse from the individual conqueror "he," to the general "they," marks that what he did was not the whole, but only paved the way for others to complete the work begun by him. It was to be a progressive work until she was utterly destroyed. Thus the words here answer exactly to what Alexander did. With the "stones, timber," and rubbish of Old Tyre, he built a causeway in seven months to New Tyre on the island and so took it [Curtius, 4, 2], 322 B.C.
【겔26:13 JFB】13. Instead of the joyousness of thy prosperity, a death-like silence shall reign (사24:8; 렘7:34).
【겔26:14 JFB】14. He concludes in nearly the same words as he began (겔26:4, 5).
built no more—fulfilled as to the mainland Tyre, under Nebuchadnezzar. The insular Tyre recovered partly, after seventy years (사23:17, 18), but again suffered under Alexander, then under Antigonus, then under the Saracens at the beginning of the fourteenth century. Now its harbors are choked with sand, precluding all hope of future restoration, "not one entire house is left, and only a few fishermen take shelter in the vaults" [Maundrell]. So accurately has God's word come to pass.
【겔26:15 JFB】15-21. The impression which the overthrow of Tyre produced on other maritime nations and upon her own colonies, for example, Utica, Carthage, and Tartessus or Tarshish in Spain.
isles—maritime lands. Even mighty Carthage used to send a yearly offering to the temple of Hercules at Tyre: and the mother city gave high priests to her colonies. Hence the consternation at her fall felt in the widely scattered dependencies with which she was so closely connected by the ties of religion, as well as commercial intercourse.
shake—metaphorically: "be agitated" (렘49:21).
【겔26:16 JFB】16. come down from their thrones … upon the ground—"the throne of the mourners" (욥2:13; 욘3:6).
princes of the sea—are the merchant rulers of Carthage and other colonies of Tyre, who had made themselves rich and powerful by trading on the sea (사23:8).
clothe … with trembling—Hebrew, "tremblings." Compare 겔7:27, "clothed with desolation"; 시132:18. In a public calamity the garment was changed for a mourning garb.
【겔26:17 JFB】17. inhabited of seafaring men—that is, which was frequented by merchants of various sea-bordering lands [Grotius]. Fairbairn translates with Peschito, "Thou inhabitant of the seas" (the Hebrew literal meaning). Tyre rose as it were out of the seas as if she got thence her inhabitants, being peopled so closely down to the waters. So Venice was called "the bride of the sea."
strong in the sea—through her insular position.
cause their terror to be on all that haunt it—namely, the sea. The Hebrew is rather, "they put their terror upon all her (the city's) inhabitants," that is, they make the name of every Tyrian to be feared [Fairbairn].
【겔26:18 JFB】18. thy departure—사23:6, 12 predicts that the Tyrians, in consequence of the siege, should pass over the Mediterranean to the lands bordering on it ("Chittim," "Tarshish," &c.). So Ezekiel here. Accordingly Jerome says that he read in Assyrian histories that, "when the Tyrians saw no hope of escaping, they fled to Carthage or some islands of the Ionian and Ægean Seas" [Bishop Newton]. (See on 겔29:18). Grotius explains "departure," that is, "in the day when hostages shall be carried away from thee to Babylon." The parallelism to "thy fall" makes me think "departure" must mean "thy end" in general, but with an included allusion to the "departure" of most of her people to her colonies at the fall of the city.
【겔26:19 JFB】19. great waters—appropriate metaphor of the Babylonian hosts, which literally, by breaking down insular Tyre's ramparts, caused the sea to "cover" part of her.
【겔26:20 JFB】20. the pit—Tyre's disappearance is compared to that of the dead placed in their sepulchres and no more seen among the living (compare 겔32:18, 23; 사14:11, 15, 19).
I shall set glory in the land—In contrast to Tyre consigned to the "pit" of death, I shall set glory (that is, My presence symbolized by the Shekinah cloud, the antitype to which shall be Messiah, "the glory as of the only-begotten of the Father," 요1:14; 사4:2, 5; Z전6:13) in Judah.
of the living—as opposed to Tyre consigned to the "pit" of death. Judea is to be the land of national and spiritual life, being restored after its captivity (겔47:9). Fairbairn loses the antithesis by applying the negative to both clauses, "and that thou be not set as a glory in the land of the living."
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.