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■ 에스겔 13장
1. 여호와의 말씀이 내게 임하여 가라사대
And the word of the Lord came unto me, saying ,
2. 인자야 너는 이스라엘의 예언하는 선지자를 쳐서 예언하되 자기 마음에서 나는 대로 예언하는 자에게 말하기를 너희는 여호와의 말씀을 들으라
Son of man , prophesy against the prophets of Israel that prophesy , and say thou unto them that prophesy out of their own hearts , Hear ye the word of the Lord ;
3. 주 여호와의 말씀에 본 것이 없이 자기 심령을 따라 예언하는 우매한 선지자에게 화 있을진저
Thus saith the Lord God ; Woe unto the foolish prophets , that follow their own spirit , and have seen nothing!
4. 이스라엘아 너의 선지자들은 황무지에 있는 여우 같으니라
O Israel , thy prophets are like the foxes in the deserts .
5. 너희 선지자들이 성 무너진 곳에 올라가지도 아니하였으며 이스라엘 족속을 위하여 여호와의 날에 전쟁을 방비하게 하려고 성벽을 수축하지도 아니하였느니라
Ye have not gone up into the gaps , neither made up the hedge for the house of Israel to stand in the battle in the day of the Lord .
6. 여호와께서 말씀하셨다고 하는 자들이 허탄한 것과 거짓된 점괘를 보며 사람으로 그 말이 굳게 이루기를 바라게 하거니와 여호와가 보낸 자가 아니라
They have seen vanity and lying divination , saying , The Lord saith : and the Lord hath not sent them: and they have made others to hope that they would confirm the word .
7. 너희가 말하기는 여호와의 말씀이라 하여도 내가 말한 것이 아닌즉 어찌 허탄한 묵시를 보며 거짓된 점괘를 말한 것이 아니냐
Have ye not seen a vain vision , and have ye not spoken a lying divination , whereas ye say , The Lord saith it; albeit I have not spoken ?
8. 그러므로 나 주 여호와가 또 말하노라 너희가 허탄한 것을 말하며 거짓된 것을 보았은즉 내가 너희를 치리라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라
Therefore thus saith the Lord God ; Because ye have spoken vanity , and seen lies , therefore, behold, I am against you, saith the Lord God .
9. 그 선지자들이 허탄한 묵시를 보며 거짓 것을 점쳤으니 내 손이 그들을 쳐서 내 백성의 공회에 들어오지 못하게 하며 이스라엘 족속의 호적에도 기록되지 못하게 하며 이스라엘 땅에도 들어가지 못하게 하리니 너희가 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라
And mine hand shall be upon the prophets that see vanity , and that divine lies : they shall not be in the assembly of my people , neither shall they be written in the writing of the house of Israel , neither shall they enter into the land of Israel ; and ye shall know that I am the Lord God .
10. 이렇게 칠 것은 그들이 내 백성을 유혹하여 평강이 없으나 평강이 있다 함이라 혹이 담을 쌓을 때에 그들이 회칠을 하는도다
Because, even because they have seduced my people , saying , Peace ; and there was no peace ; and one built up a wall , and, lo , others daubed it with untempered morter:
11. 그러므로 너는 회칠하는 자에게 이르기를 그것이 무너지리라 폭우가 내리며 큰 우박덩이가 떨어지며 폭풍이 열파하리니
Say unto them which daub it with untempered morter, that it shall fall : there shall be an overflowing shower ; and ye , O great hailstones , shall fall ; and a stormy wind shall rend it.
12. 그 담이 무너진즉 혹이 너희에게 말하기를 그것에 칠한 회가 어디 있느뇨 하지 아니하겠느냐
Lo, when the wall is fallen , shall it not be said unto you, Where is the daubing wherewith ye have daubed it?
13. 그러므로 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 내가 분노하여 폭풍으로 열파하고 내가 진노하여 폭우를 내리고 분노하여 큰 우박덩이로 훼멸하리라
Therefore thus saith the Lord God ; I will even rend it with a stormy wind in my fury ; and there shall be an overflowing shower in mine anger , and great hailstones in my fury to consume it.
14. 회칠한 담을 내가 이렇게 훼파하여 땅에 넘어뜨리고 그 기초를 드러낼 것이라 담이 무너진즉 너희가 그 가운데서 망하리니 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라
So will I break down the wall that ye have daubed with untempered morter, and bring it down to the ground , so that the foundation thereof shall be discovered , and it shall fall , and ye shall be consumed in the midst thereof: and ye shall know that I am the Lord .
15. 이와 같이 내가 내 노를 담과 회칠한 자에게 다 이루고 또 너희에게 말하기를 담도 없어지고 칠한 자들도 없어졌다 하리니
Thus will I accomplish my wrath upon the wall , and upon them that have daubed it with untempered morter, and will say unto you, The wall is no more, neither they that daubed it;
16. 이들은 예루살렘에 대하여 예언하여 평강이 없으나 평강의 묵시를 본다 하는 이스라엘의 선지자들이니라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라 하셨다 하라
To wit, the prophets of Israel which prophesy concerning Jerusalem , and which see visions of peace for her, and there is no peace , saith the Lord God .
17. 너 인자야 너의 백성 중 자기 마음에서 나는 대로 예언하는 부녀들을 대면하여 쳐서 예언하여
Likewise, thou son of man , set thy face against the daughters of thy people , which prophesy out of their own heart ; and prophesy thou against them,
18. 이르기를 주 여호와의 말씀에 사람의 영혼을 사냥하고자 하여 방석을 모든 팔뚝에 꿰어 매고 수건을 키가 큰 자나 작은 자의 머리를 위하여 만드는 부녀들에게 화 있을진저 너희가 어찌하여 내 백성의 영혼을 사냥하면서 자기를 위하여 영혼을 살리려 하느냐
And say , Thus saith the Lord God ; Woe to the women that sew pillows to all armholes , and make kerchiefs upon the head of every stature to hunt souls ! Will ye hunt the souls of my people , and will ye save the souls alive that come unto you?
19. 너희가 두어 웅큼 보리와 두어 조각 떡을 위하여 나를 내 백성 가운데서 욕되게 하여 거짓말을 지어서 죽지 아니할 영혼을 죽이고 살지 못할 영혼을 살리는도다
And will ye pollute me among my people for handfuls of barley and for pieces of bread , to slay the souls that should not die , and to save the souls alive that should not live , by your lying to my people that hear your lies ?
20. 그러므로 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 너희가 새를 사냥하듯 영혼들을 사냥하는 그 방석을 내가 너희 팔에서 떼어버리고 너희가 새처럼 사냥한 그 영혼들을 놓으며
Wherefore thus saith the Lord God ; Behold, I am against your pillows , wherewith ye there hunt the souls to make them fly , and I will tear them from your arms , and will let the souls go , even the souls that ye hunt to make them fly .
21. 또 너희 수건을 찢고 내 백성을 너희 손에서 건지고 다시는 너희 손에 사냥물이 되지 않게 하리니 너희가 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라
Your kerchiefs also will I tear , and deliver my people out of your hand , and they shall be no more in your hand to be hunted ; and ye shall know that I am the Lord .
22. 내가 슬프게 하지 아니한 의인의 마음을 너희가 거짓말로 근심하게 하며 너희가 또 악인의 손을 굳게 하여 그 악한 길에서 돌이켜 떠나 삶을 얻지 못하게 하였은즉
Because with lies ye have made the heart of the righteous sad , whom I have not made sad ; and strengthened the hands of the wicked , that he should not return from his wicked way , by promising him life :
23. 너희가 다시는 허탄한 묵시를 보지 못하고 점복도 못할지라 내가 내 백성을 너희 손에서 건져 내리니 너희가 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라 하셨다 하라
Therefore ye shall see no more vanity , nor divine divinations : for I will deliver my people out of your hand : and ye shall know that I am the Lord .
■ 주석 보기
【겔13:1 JFB】겔13:1-23. Denunciation of False Prophets and Prophetesses; Their False Teachings, and God's Consequent Judgments.
1. As the twelfth chapter denounced the false expectations of the people, so this denounces the false leaders who fed those expectations. As an independent witness, Ezekiel confirms at the Chebar the testimony of Jeremiah (렘29:21, 31) in his letter from Jerusalem to the captive exiles, against the false prophets; of these some were conscious knaves, others fanatical dupes of their own frauds; for example, Ahab, Zedekiah, and Shemaiah. Hananiah must have believed his own lie, else he would not have specified so circumstantial details (렘28:2-4). The conscious knaves gave only general assurances of peace (렘5:31; 6:14; 14:13). The language of Ezekiel has plain references to the similar language of Jeremiah (for example, 렘23:9-38); the bane of false prophecy, which had its stronghold in Jerusalem, having in some degree extended to the Chebar; this chapter, therefore, is primarily intended as a message to those still in the Jewish metropolis; and, secondarily, for the good of the exiles at the Chebar.
【겔13:1 CWC】[DISTRIBUTING THE RESPONSIBILITY]
While these visions and prophecies may be new as to the particular occasions for them, yet they are in substance the same as the preceding.
1. "The Prince in Jerusalem." (12: 1-16.)
In chapter 10 we had a vision of the judgment upon the city of Jerusalem, in II, upon the princes, and in this upon the king himself (10). The explanation of the action commanded the prophet in verses 1-7 is given in verses 8-16. It is thought that this was performed by him in vision only and not outwardly, but if so, its effect could hardly have been intended for those he was instructing but only for himself, which we doubt (v. 9). The whole thing typifies Zedekiah's flight by night. (Compare 렘39:4.) He went out furtively as digging through a wall, and covered his face so as not to be recognized.
2. The Nearness of the Event. Verses 17-28.
The infidels scoffingly said that because the threatened judgment was long in coming, it would never come (v. 22), but they are to be taught otherwise (vv. 23-25). As a matter of fact it was very near (vv. 26-28).
3. The Lying Prophets. 13:1-23.
The city, the princes, the king have each been singled out for judgment, and now come the prophets. Note where they obtained their false messages (v. 2), and the ill effect of them on the people (v. 6). Note the judgments to fall on them (v. 9), which probably means that their names would be erased from the registers like those who had died for their crimes (렘17:13; 계3:5; 눅10:20). Moreover, they never would return from captivity. As teachers they were like men building up a wall with untempered mortar and their work would come to naught (vv. 10-16). There were false prophetesses as well as prophets (vv. 17-23). They "sew pillows to all armholes" might be rendered "to elbows and wrists," and the reference is thought to be the cushions which the prophetesses made to lean upon as typifying the tranquility they foretold to them who consulted them. "Kerchiefs on the head of every stature" might be rendered on "men of every age," though its significance is doubtful. The prophetesses engaged in their wicked work for paltry fees (v. 19).
4. The Hypocritical Peop레14:1-11.
The spirit in which some of the people sought the instruction of the prophet is shown in verses 1-5, and it is a judgment upon them that they shall listen to false prophets and be deceived. God will judicially darken the false prophets' mind to that end, or He will permit Satan to do it. The evil teaching of these false prophets, in other words, will serve the purposes of His just judgment. (Compare I Kings 22:23; 살후2:11, 12).
5. Intercession Useless. Verses 12-23.
The inevitableness of the coming judgment on Jerusalem is shown in the discouragement of intercession on her behalf. Ezekiel had been pleading, but he might as well desist. Noah, Daniel and Job (vv. 14, 23) had prevailed with God on former occasions, but even their petitions would now be helpless. The reference to Daniel is interesting, for although his prophecies were mostly later than Ezekiel, yet his fame for piety and wisdom was already established, and the events recorded in the early chapters of his book had already occurred. But even he, though the Jews may have had their hopes turned towards his influence either in the court of Babylon or that of heaven, could not avert the approaching calamity.
6. The Burning Vine. 15.
The point of this vision seems to be that as the vine is worthless as wood so the people of Jerusalem have ceased to have any value in His eyes. They were once His vine, but now they shall pass from fire to fire until they come to naught.
【겔13:1 MHCC】 Heavy judgments against lying prophets. (겔13:1-9) The insufficiency of their work. (겔13:10-16) Woes against false prophetesses. (겔13:17-23)
겔13:1-9 Where God gives a warrant to do any thing, he gives wisdom. What they delivered was not what they had seen or heard, as that is which the ministers of Christ deliver. They were not praying prophets, had no intercourse with Heaven; they contrived how to please people, not how to do them good; they stood not against sin. They flattered people into vain hopes. Such widen the breach, by causing men to think themselves deserving of eternal life, when the wrath of God abides upon them.
겔13:10-16 One false prophet built the wall, set up the notion that Jerusalem should be victorious, and made himself acceptable by it. Others made the matter yet more plausible and promising; they daubed the wall which the first had built; but they would, ere long, be undeceived when their work was beaten down by the storm of God's just wrath; when the Chaldean army desolated the land. Hopes of peace and happiness, not warranted by the word of God, will cheat men; like a wall well daubed, but ill built.
겔13:17-23 It is ill with those who had rather hear pleasing lies than unpleasing truths. The false prophetesses tried to make people secure, signified by laying them at ease, and to make them proud, signified by the finery laid on their heads. They shall be confounded in their attempts, and God's people shall be delivered out of their hands. It behoves Christians to keep close to the word of God, and in every thing to seek the teaching of the Holy Spirit. Let us so trust the promises of God as to keep his commandments.
【겔13:2 JFB】2. that prophesy—namely, a speedy return to Jerusalem.
out of … own hearts—alluding to the words of Jeremiah (렘23:16, 26); that is, what they prophesied was what they and the people wished; the wish was father to the thought. The people wished to be deceived, and so were deceived. They were inexcusable, for they had among them true prophets (who spoke not their own thoughts, but as they were moved by the Holy Ghost, 벧후1:21), whom they might have known to be such, but they did not wish to know (요3:19).
【겔13:3 JFB】3. foolish—though vaunting as though exclusively possessing "wisdom" (고전1:19-21); the fear of God being the only beginning of wisdom (시111:10).
their own spirit—instead of the Spirit of God. A threefold distinction lay between the false and the true prophets: (1) The source of their messages respectively; of the false, "their own hearts"; of the true, an object presented to the spiritual sense (named from the noblest of the senses, a seeing) by the Spirit of God as from without, not produced by their own natural powers of reflection. The word, the body of the thought, presented itself not audibly to the natural sense, but directly to the spirit of the prophet; and so the perception of it is properly called a seeing, he perceiving that which thereafter forms itself in his soul as the cover of the external word [Delitzsch]; hence the peculiar expression, "seeing the word of God" (사2:1; 13:1; 암1:1; 미1:1). (2) The point aimed at; the false "walking after their own spirit"; the true, after the Spirit of God. (3) The result; the false saw nothing, but spake as if they had seen; the true had a vision, not subjective, but objectively real [Fairbairn]. A refutation of those who set the inward word above the objective, and represent the Bible as flowing subjectively from the inner light of its writers, not from the revelation of the Holy Ghost from without. "They are impatient to get possession of the kernel without its fostering shell—they would have Christ without the Bible" [Bengel].
【겔13:4 JFB】4. foxes—which cunningly "spoil the vines" (아2:15), Israel being the vineyard (시80:8-15; 사5:1-7; 27:2; 렘2:21); their duty was to have guarded it from being spoiled, whereas they themselves spoiled it by corruptions.
in … deserts—where there is nothing to eat; whence the foxes become so ravenous and crafty in their devices to get food. So the prophets wander in Israel, a moral desert, unrestrained, greedy of gain which they get by craft.
【겔13:5 JFB】5. not gone up into … gaps—metaphor from breaches made in a wall, to which the defenders ought to betake themselves in order to repel the entrance of the foe. The breach is that made in the theocracy through the nation's sin; and, unless it be made up, the vengeance of God will break in through it. Those who would advise the people to repentance are the restorers of the breach (겔22:30; 시106:23, 30).
hedge—the law of God (시80:12; 사5:2, 5); by violating it, the people stripped themselves of the fence of God's protection and lay exposed to the foe. The false prophets did not try to repair the evil by bringing back the people to the law with good counsels, or by checking the bad with reproofs. These two duties answer to the double office of defenders in case of a breach made in a wall: (1) To repair the breach from within; (2) To oppose the foe from without.
to stand—that is, that the city may "stand."
in … day of … Lord—In the day of the battle which God wages against Israel for their sins, ye do not try to stay God's vengeance by prayers, and by leading the nation to repentance.
【겔13:6 JFB】6. made others to hope, &c.—rather, "they hoped" to confirm (that is, 'make good') their word, by the event corresponding to their prophecy. The Hebrew requires this [Havernick]. Also the parallel clause, "they have seen vanity," implies that they believed their own lie (살후2:11). Subjective revelation is false unless it rests on the objective.
【겔13:8 JFB】8. I am against you—rather understand, "I come against you," to punish your wicked profanation of My name (compare 계2:5, 16).
【겔13:9 JFB】9. mine hand—My power in vengeance.
not … in … assembly—rather, the "council"; "They shall not occupy the honorable office of councillors in the senate of elders after the return from Babylon" (스2:1, 2).
neither … written in … Israel—They shall not even have a place in the register kept of all citizens' names; they shall be erased from it, just as the names of those who died in the year, or had been deprived of citizenship for their crimes, were at the annual revisal erased. Compare 렘17:13; Lu 10:20; 계3:5, as to those spiritually Israelites; 요1:47, and those not so. Literally fulfilled (스2:59, 62; compare 느7:5; 시69:28).
neither … enter … land—They shall not so much as be allowed to come back at all to their country.
【겔13:10 JFB】10. Because, even because—The repetition heightens the emphasis.
Peace—safety to the nation. Ezekiel confirms 렘6:14; 8:11.
one—literally, "this one"; said contemptuously, as in 대하28:22.
a wall—rather, "a loose wall." Ezekiel had said that the false prophets did not "go up into the gaps, or make up the breaches" (겔13:5), as good architects do; now he adds that they make a bustling show of anxiety about repairing the wall; but it is without right mortar, and therefore of no use.
one … others—besides individual effort, they jointly co-operated to delude the people.
daubed … with untempered mortar—as sand without lime, mud without straw [Grotius]. Fairbairn translates, "plaster it with whitewash." But besides the hypocrisy of merely outwardly "daubing" to make the wall look fair (마23:27, 29; 행23:3), there is implied the unsoundness of the wall from the absence of true uniting cement; the "untempered cement" answering to the lie of the prophets, who say, in support of their prophecies, "Thus saith the Lord, when the Lord hath not spoken" (겔22:28).
【겔13:11 JFB】11. overflowing—inundating; such as will at once wash away the mere clay mortar. The three most destructive agents shall co-operate against the wall—wind, rain, and hailstones. These last in the East are more out of the regular course of nature and are therefore often particularly specified as the instruments of God's displeasure against His foes (출9:18; 수10:11; 욥38:22; 시18:12, 13; 사28:2; 30:30; 계16:21). The Hebrew here is, literally, "stones of ice." They fall in Palestine at times an inch thick with a destructive velocity. The personification heightens the vivid effect, "O ye hail stones." The Chaldeans will be the violent agency whereby God will unmask and refute them, overthrowing their edifice of lies.
【겔13:12 JFB】12. shall it not be said—Your vanity and folly shall be so manifested that it shall pass into a proverb, "Where is the daubing?"
【겔13:13 JFB】13. God repeats, in His own name, as the Source of the coming calamity, what had been expressed generally in 겔13:11.
【겔13:14 JFB】14. The repetition of the same threat (see on 겔13:11) is to awaken the people out of their dream of safety by the certainty of the event.
foundation—As the "wall" represents the security of the nation, so the "foundation" is Jerusalem, on the fortifications of which they rested their confidence. Grotius makes the "foundation" refer to the false principles on which they rested; 겔13:16 supports the former view.
【겔13:16 JFB】16. prophesy concerning Jerusalem—With all their "seeing visions of peace for her," they cannot ensure peace or safety to themselves.
【겔13:17 JFB】17. set thy face—put on a bold countenance, fearlessly to denounce them (겔3:8, 9; 사50:7).
daughters—the false prophetesses; alluded to only here; elsewhere the guilt specified in the women is the active share they took in maintaining idolatry (겔8:14). It was only in extraordinary emergencies that God bestowed prophecy on women, for example on Miriam, Deborah, Huldah (출15:20; 유4:4; 왕하22:14); so in the last days to come (Joe 2:28). The rareness of such instances enhanced their guilt in pretending inspiration.
【겔13:18 JFB】18. sew pillows to … armholes—rather, elbows and wrists, for which the false prophetesses made cushions to lean on, as a symbolical act, typifying the perfect tranquility which they foretold to those consulting them. Perhaps they made their dupes rest on these cushions in a fancied state of ecstasy after they had made them at first stand (whence the expression, "every stature," is used for "men of every age"). As the men are said to have built a wall (겔13:10), so the women are said to sew pillows, &c., both alike typifying the "peace" they promised the impenitent.
make kerchiefs—magical veils, which they put over the heads of those consulting them, as if to fit them for receiving a response, that they might be rapt in spiritual trance above the world.
head of every stature—"men of every age," old and young, great and small, if only these had pay to offer them.
hunt souls—eagerly trying to allure them to the love of yourselves (잠6:26; 벧후2:14), so as unwarily to become your prey.
will ye save … souls … that come unto you—Will ye haul after souls, and when they are yours ("come unto you"), will ye promise them life? "Save" is explained (겔13:22), "promising life" [Grotius]. Calvin explains, "Will ye hunt My people's souls and yet will ye save your own souls"; I, the Lord God, will not allow it. But "save" is used (겔13:19) of the false prophetesses promising life to the impenitent, so that English Version and Grotius explain it best.
【겔13:19 JFB】19. handfuls—expressing the paltry gain for which they bartered immortal souls (compare 미3:5, 11; 히12:16). They "polluted" God by making His name the cloak under which they uttered falsehoods.
among my people—an aggravation of their sin, that they committed it "among the people" whom God had chosen as peculiarly His own, and among whom He had His temple. It would have been a sin to have done so even among the Gentiles, who knew not God; much more so among the people of God (compare 잠28:21).
slay … souls that should not die, &c.—to predict the slaying or perdition of the godly whom I will save. As true ministers are said to save and slay their hearers, according to the spirit respectively in which these receive their message (고후2:15, 16), so false ministers imitate them; but they promise safety to those on the broad way to ruin and predict ruin to those on the narrow way of God.
my people that hear your lies—who are therefore wilfully deceived, so that their guilt lies at their own door (요3:19).
【겔13:20 JFB】20. I am against your pillows—that is, against your lying ceremonial tricks by which ye cheat the people.
to make them fly—namely, into their snares, as fowlers disturb birds so as to be suddenly caught in the net spread for them. "Fly" is peculiarly appropriate as to those lofty spiritual flights to which they pretended to raise their dupes when they veiled their heads with kerchiefs and made them rest on luxurious arm-cushions (겔13:18).
let … souls go—"Ye make them fly" in order to destroy them; "I will let them go" in order to save them (시91:3; 잠6:5; 호9:8).
【겔13:21 JFB】21. in your hand—in your power. "My people" are the elect remnant of Israel to be saved.
ye shall know—by the judgments which ye shall suffer.
【겔13:22 JFB】22. ye have made … the righteous sad—by lying predictions of calamities impending ever the godly.
strengthened … wicked—(렘23:14).
heart of … righteous … hands of … wicked—Heart is applied to the righteous because the terrors foretold penetrated to their inmost feelings; hands, to the wicked because they were so hardened as not only to despise God in their minds, but also to manifest it in their whole acts, as if avowedly waging war with Him.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.