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■ 열왕기상 17장
1. 길르앗에 우거하는 자 중에 디셉 사람 엘리야가 아합에게 고하되 나의 섬기는 이스라엘 하나님 여호와의 사심을 가리켜 맹세하노니 내 말이 없으면 수 년 동안 우로가 있지 아니하리라 하니라
And Elijah the Tishbite , who was of the inhabitants of Gilead , said unto Ahab , As the Lord God of Israel liveth , before whom I stand , there shall not be dew nor rain these years , but according to my word .
2. 여호와의 말씀이 엘리야에게 임하여 가라사대
And the word of the Lord came unto him, saying ,
3. 너는 여기서 떠나 동으로 가서 요단 앞 그릿 시냇가에 숨고
Get thee hence, and turn thee eastward , and hide thyself by the brook Cherith , that is before Jordan .
4. 그 시냇물을 마시라 내가 까마귀들을 명하여 거기서 너를 먹이게 하리라
And it shall be, that thou shalt drink of the brook ; and I have commanded the ravens to feed thee there.
5. 저가 여호와의 말씀과 같이 하여 곧 가서 요단 앞 그릿 시냇가에 머물매
So he went and did according unto the word of the Lord : for he went and dwelt by the brook Cherith , that is before Jordan .
6. 까마귀들이 아침에도 떡과 고기를, 저녁에도 떡과 고기를 가져왔고 저가 시내를 마셨더니
And the ravens brought him bread and flesh in the morning , and bread and flesh in the evening ; and he drank of the brook .
7. 땅에 비가 내리지 아니하므로 얼마 후에 그 시내가 마르니라
And it came to pass after a while , that the brook dried up , because there had been no rain in the land .
8. 여호와의 말씀이 엘리야에게 임하여 가라사대
And the word of the Lord came unto him, saying ,
9. 너는 일어나 시돈에 속한 사르밧으로 가서 거기 유하라 내가 그곳 과부에게 명하여 너를 공궤하게 하였느니라
Arise , get thee to Zarephath , which belongeth to Zidon , and dwell there: behold, I have commanded a widow woman there to sustain thee.
10. 저가 일어나 사르밧으로 가서 성문에 이를 때에 한 과부가 그곳에서 나무가지를 줍는지라 이에 불러 가로되 청컨대 그릇에 물을 조금 가져다가 나로 마시게 하라
So he arose and went to Zarephath . And when he came to the gate of the city , behold, the widow woman was there gathering of sticks : and he called to her, and said , Fetch me, I pray thee, a little water in a vessel , that I may drink .
11. 저가 가지러 갈 때에 엘리야가 저를 불러 가로되 청컨대 네 손에 떡 한 조각을 내게로 가져오라
And as she was going to fetch it, he called to her, and said , Bring me, I pray thee, a morsel of bread in thine hand .
12. 저가 가로되 당신의 하나님 여호와의 사심을 가리켜 맹세하노니 나는 떡이 없고 다만 통에 가루 한 움큼과 병에 기름 조금뿐이라 내가 나무가지 두엇을 주워다가 나와 내 아들을 위하여 음식을 만들어 먹고 그 후에는 죽으리라
And she said , As the Lord thy God liveth , I have not a cake , but an handful of meal in a barrel , and a little oil in a cruse : and, behold, I am gathering two sticks , that I may go in and dress it for me and my son , that we may eat it, and die .
13. 엘리야가 저에게 이르되 두려워 말고 가서 네 말대로 하려니와 먼저 그것으로 나를 위하여 작은 떡 하나를 만들어 내게로 가져오고 그 후에 너와 네 아들을 위하여 만들라
And Elijah said unto her, Fear not; go and do as thou hast said : but make me thereof a little cake first , and bring it unto me, and after make for thee and for thy son .
14. 이스라엘 하나님 여호와의 말씀이 나 여호와가 비를 지면에 내리는 날까지 그 통의 가루는 다하지 아니하고 그 병의 기름은 없어지지 아니하리라 하셨느니라
For thus saith the Lord God of Israel , The barrel of meal shall not waste , neither shall the cruse of oil fail , until the day that the Lord sendeth rain upon the earth .
15. 저가 가서 엘리야의 말대로 하였더니 저와 엘리야와 식구가 여러날 먹었으나
And she went and did according to the saying of Elijah : and she, and he, and her house , did eat many days .
16. 여호와께서 엘리야로 하신 말씀 같이 통의 가루가 다하지 아니하고 병의 기름이 없어지지 아니하니라
And the barrel of meal wasted not, neither did the cruse of oil fail , according to the word of the Lord , which he spake by Elijah .
17. 이 일 후에 그 집 주모 되는 여인의 아들이 병들어 증세가 심히 위중하다가 숨이 끊어진지라
And it came to pass after these things , that the son of the woman , the mistress of the house , fell sick ; and his sickness was so sore , that there was no breath left in him.
18. 여인이 엘리야에게 이르되 하나님의 사람이여 당신이 나로 더불어 무슨 상관이 있기로 내 죄를 생각나게 하고 또 내 아들을 죽게 하려고 내게 오셨나이까
And she said unto Elijah , What have I to do with thee, O thou man of God ? art thou come unto me to call my sin to remembrance , and to slay my son ?
19. 엘리야가 저에게 그 아들을 달라 하여 그를 그 여인의 품에서 취하여 안고 자기의 거처하는 다락에 올라가서 자기 침상에 누이고
And he said unto her, Give me thy son . And he took him out of her bosom , and carried him up into a loft , where he abode , and laid him upon his own bed .
20. 여호와께 부르짖어 가로되 나의 하나님 여호와여 주께서 또 내가 우거하는 집 과부에게 재앙을 내리사 그 아들로 죽게 하셨나이까 하고
And he cried unto the Lord , and said , O Lord my God , hast thou also brought evil upon the widow with whom I sojourn , by slaying her son ?
21. 그 아이 위에 몸을 세 번 펴서 엎드리고 여호와께 부르짖어 가로되 나의 하나님 여호와여 원컨대 이 아이의 혼으로 그 몸에 돌아오게 하옵소서 하니
And he stretched himself upon the child three times , and cried unto the Lord , and said , O Lord my God , I pray thee, let this child’s soul come into him again .
22. 여호와께서 엘리야의 소리를 들으시므로 그 아이의 혼이 몸으로 돌아오고 살아난지라
And the Lord heard the voice of Elijah ; and the soul of the child came into him again , and he revived .
23. 엘리야가 그 아이를 안고 다락에서 방으로 내려가서 그 어미에게 주며 이르되 보라 네 아들이 살았느니라
And Elijah took the child , and brought him down out of the chamber into the house , and delivered him unto his mother : and Elijah said , See , thy son liveth .
24. 여인이 엘리야에게 이르되 내가 이제야 당신은 하나님의 사람이시요 당신의 입에 있는 여호와의 말씀이 진실한줄 아노라 하니라
And the woman said to Elijah , Now by this I know that thou art a man of God , and that the word of the Lord in thy mouth is truth .
■ 주석 보기
【왕상17:1 JFB】왕상17:1-7. Elijah, Prophesying against Ahab, Is Sent to Cherith.
1. Elijah the Tishbite—This prophet is introduced as abruptly as Melchisedek—his birth, parents, and call to the prophetic office being alike unrecorded. He is supposed to be called the Tishbite from Tisbeh, a place east of Jordan.
who was of the inhabitants of Gilead—or residents of Gilead, implying that he was not an Israelite, but an Ishmaelite, as Michaelis conjectures, for there were many of that race on the confines of Gilead. The employment of a Gentile as an extraordinary minister might be to rebuke and shame the apostate people of Israel.
said unto Ahab—The prophet appears to have been warning this apostate king how fatal both to himself and people would be the reckless course he was pursuing. The failure of Elijah's efforts to make an impression on the obstinate heart of Ahab is shown by the penal prediction uttered at parting.
before whom I stand—that is, whom I serve (신18:5).
there shall not be dew nor rain these years—not absolutely; but the dew and the rain would not fall in the usual and necessary quantities. Such a suspension of moisture was sufficient to answer the corrective purposes of God, while an absolute drought would have converted the whole country into an uninhabitable waste.
but according to my word—not uttered in spite, vengeance, or caprice, but as the minister of God. The impending calamity was in answer to his earnest prayer, and a chastisement intended for the spiritual revival of Israel. Drought was the threatened punishment of national idolatry (신11:16, 17; 28:23).
【왕상17:1 CWC】[ELIJAH AND AHAB]
1. Elijah in Hiding, 17:1-24.
Nothing is known of Elijah's previous history, not even why he is called the "Tishbite" (v. 1) except, as suggested in the Septuagint translation, that the town of Tishbeh is meant, which was in the Gilead region east of the Jordan. A comparison of 신11:16, 17 shows that the judgment he announces (v. 1) was threatened by Jehovah for such iniquity as that now prevailing; but of course the divine impulse must have come upon him to apply it in this instance.
His hiding "by the brook Cherith" (v. 3) was necessary to preserve him from the wrath of Ahab when his words were fulfilled. His being fed by "the ravens" (v. 4) will raise no question in the minds of any who accept the supernatural in the Bible, and for those who do not this commentary can have little value. The theory of some that the Hebrew word translated "ravens" might be rendered "Arabians," and that he was normally provided for by passing merchants of that region, is not generally accepted by evangelical scholars and would be only less a miracle than the accepted text.
Zarephath, or Sarepta, was in the country whence Jezebel had come, and which was visited by the famine also. The cause for Elijah's removal there is stated in verses 7-9, but there was a deeper reason in the new testings that were to come to him for the strengthening of his faith in view of the climax later on. Nevertheless, we are not to forget the lesson God had to teach the widow also, and to us through her. See Christ's testimony in 눅4:25, 26.
2. Meeting with Ahab, 18:1-46.
"The third year" is spoken of here, while James says (v. 17) "three years and six months," a discrepancy which may be explained by saying that the drought had been experienced six months (the time between the early and latter rains in March and October respectively) before Ahab realized the situation and became incensed against the prophet.
Fire was the element over which Baal was supposed to preside, which explains verse 24. Observe the simplicity and faith of Elijah's prayer (vv. 36, 37). His command (v. 40) was justified as a magistrate of God (신13:51 and 18:20).
Description of Mt. Carmel.
"The natural features of Mt. Carmel exactly correspond with the details of this narrative. The conspicuous summit, 1,635 feet above the sea, presents an esplanade spacious enough for the king and the priests of Baal to stand on the one side, and Elijah on the other.
"It is a rocky soil, on which there is abundance of loose stones to furnish the twelve of which the altar was built -- a bed of thick earth in which a trench could be dug; and yet the earth not so loose that the water poured into it would be absorbed.
"Two hundred and fifty feet beneath the plateau there is a perennial fountain which might not have been accessible to the people, and whence, therefore, even in that season of drought, Elijah could procure those supplies of water which he poured over the altar.
"The distance between this spring and the site of the altar is so short as to make it perfectly possible to go thrice thither and back again: whereas, it must have been impossible once in an afternoon, to fetch water from the sea.
"The summit is 1,000 feet above the Kishon, which nowhere runs from the sea so close to the base of the mount as just beneath El-Mohhraka; so that the priests of Baal could, in a few minutes, be taken down "to the brook and slain there." -- Jamieson, Faussett and Brown.
3. The Results Following, 19:1-21.
There seems to be no explanation of Elijah's flight (vv. 1-4) except the natural one of great depression following great spiritual exaltation. God could have preserved him from this had He so willed, but it is good for all of us to know that we are but flesh (약5:17) and "that we have this treasure in earthen vessels" (고후4:7).
We are impressed with the condescension of God in the supernatural provision for Elijah's physical needs of which he himself had thought nothing (vv. 5-8); and the no less condescension in instructing and continuing to use him as indicated in the subsequent verses.
The exhibition of divine power (vv. 11-13) had the effect of restoring the prophet to a spiritual equilibrium where he could listen to further commands (vv. 15-17) and receive the rebuke his conduct merited (v. 18). It is notable that the three persons he is to anoint are all to be employed, though in different ways, as God's instruments of judgment upon idolatrous Israel. The 7,000 mentioned is not to be taken literally, but as meaning a certain complete number of faithful ones of whom God was cognizant though the prophet was not.
Elisha was one of these (v. 19) who had doubtless been educated in the schools of the prophets of which we shall hear more, and who recognized the falling of his master's mantle upon him as his divine call.
When Elijah says: "What have I done to thee" (v. 20)? he seems to mean: "Do not disregard it. Bid thy loved ones farewell, but remain faithful to thy call."
【왕상17:1 MHCC】God wonderfully suits men to the work he designs them for. The times were fit for an Elijah; an Elijah was fit for them. The Spirit of the Lord knows how to fit men for the occasions. Elijah let Ahab know that God was displeased with the idolaters, and would chastise them by the want of rain, which it was not in the power of the gods they served to bestow. Elijah was commanded to hide himself. If Providence calls us to solitude and retirement, it becomes us to go: when we cannot be useful, we must be patient; and when we cannot work for God, we must sit still quietly for him. The ravens were appointed to bring him meat, and did so. Let those who have but from hand to mouth, learn to live upon Providence, and trust it for the bread of the day, in the day. God could have sent angels to minister to him; but he chose to show that he can serve his own purposes by the meanest creatures, as effectually as by the mightiest. Elijah seems to have continued thus above a year. The natural supply of water, which came by common providence, failed; but the miraculous supply of food, made sure to him by promise, failed not. If the heavens fail, the earth fails of course; such are all our creature-comforts: we lose them when we most need them, like brooks in summer. But there is a river which makes glad the city of God, that never runs dry, a well of water that springs up to eternal life. Lord, give us that living water! (1Ki 17:8-16)
【왕상17:2 JFB】2, 3. the word of the Lord came unto him, saying, Get thee hence, and turn thee eastward, &c.—At first the king may have spurned the prediction as the utterance of a vain enthusiast; but when he found the drought did last and increase in severity, he sought Elijah, who, as it was necessary that he should be far removed from either the violence or the importunities of the king, was divinely directed to repair to a place of retreat, perhaps a cave on "the brook Cherith, that is, before [east of] Jordan." Tradition points it out in a small winter torrent, a little below the ford at Beth-shan.
【왕상17:6 JFB】6. the ravens brought him bread—The idea of such unclean and voracious birds being employed to feed the prophet has appeared to many so strange that they have labored to make out the Orebim, which in our version has been rendered "ravens," to be as the word is used (in 겔27:27) "merchants"; or Arabians (대하21:16; 느4:7); or, the citizens of Arabah, near Beth-shan (수15:6; 18:18). But the common rendering is, in our opinion, preferable to these conjectures. And, if Elijah was miraculously fed by ravens, it is idle to inquire where they found the bread and the flesh, for God would direct them. After the lapse of a year, the brook dried up, and this was a new trial to Elijah's faith.
【왕상17:8 JFB】왕상17:8-16. He Is Sent to a Widow of Zarephath.
8-16. the word of the Lord came to him—Zarephath, Sarepta, now Surafend, whither he was directed to go, was far away on the western coast of Palestine, about nine miles south of Sidon, and within the dominions of Jezebel's impious father, where the famine also prevailed. Meeting, at his entrance into the town, the very woman who was appointed by divine providence to support him, his faith was severely tested by learning from her that her supplies were exhausted and that she was preparing her last meal for herself and son. The Spirit of God having prompted him to ask, and her to grant, some necessary succor, she received a prophet's reward (마10:41, 42), and for the one meal afforded to him, God, by a miraculous increase of the little stock, afforded many to her.
【왕상17:8 MHCC】Many widows were in Israel in the days of Elias, and some, it is likely, would have bidden him welcome to their houses; yet he is sent to honour and bless with his presence a city of Sidon, a Gentile city, and so becomes the first prophet of the Gentiles. Jezebel was Elijah's greatest enemy; yet, to show her how powerless was her malice, God will find a hiding-place for him even in her own country. The person appointed to entertain Elijah is not one of the rich or great men of Sidon; but a poor widow woman, in want, and desolate, is made both able and willing to sustain him. It is God's way, and it is his glory, to make use of, and put honour upon, the weak and foolish things of the world. O woman, great was thy faith; one has not found the like, no not in Israel. She took the prophet's word, that she should not lose by it. Those who can venture upon the promise of God, will make no difficulty to expose and empty themselves in his service, by giving him his part first. Surely the increase of this widow's faith, so as to enable her thus readily to deny herself, and to depend upon the Divine promise, was as great a miracle in the kingdom of grace, as the increase of her meal and oil in the kingdom of providence. Happy are all who can thus, against hope, believe and obey in hope. One poor meal's meat this poor widow gave the prophet; in recompence of it, she and her son did eat above two years, in a time of famine. To have food from God's special favour, and in such good company as Elijah, made it more than doubly sweet. It is promised to those who trust in God, that they shall not be ashamed in evil time; in days of famine they shall be satisfied.
【왕상17:17 JFB】왕상17:17-24. He Raises Her Son to Life.
17-24. the son of the woman, the mistress of the house, fell sick—A severe domestic calamity seems to have led her to think that, as God had shut up heaven upon a sinful land in consequence of the prophet, she was suffering on a similar account. Without answering her bitter upbraiding, the prophet takes the child, lays it on his bed, and after a very earnest prayer, had the happiness of seeing its restoration, and along with it, gladness to the widow's heart and home. The prophet was sent to this widow, not merely for his own security, but on account of her faith, to strengthen and promote which he was directed to go to her rather than to many widows in Israel, who would have eagerly received him on the same privileged terms of exception from the grinding famine. The relief of her bodily necessities became the preparatory means of supplying her spiritual wants, and bringing her and her son, through the teachings of the prophet, to a clear knowledge of God, and a firm faith in His word (Lu 4:25).
【왕상17:17 MHCC】Neither faith nor obedience shut out afflictions and death. The child being dead, the mother spake to the prophet, rather to give vent to her sorrow, than in hope of relief. When God removes our comforts from us, he remembers our sins against us, perhaps the sins of our youth, though long since past. When God remembers our sins against us, he designs to teach us to remember them against ourselves, and to repent of them. Elijah's prayer was doubtless directed by the Holy Spirit. The child revived. See the power of prayer, and the power of Him who hears prayer.
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