티스토리 뷰
■ 목차
├ 본문 보기
├ 주석 보기
└ 일러두기
| 한글듣기☞ | 영어듣기☞ |
■ 신명기 28장
1. 네가 네 하나님 여호와의 말씀을 삼가 듣고 내가 오늘날 네게 명하는 그 모든 명령을 지켜 행하면 네 하나님 여호와께서 너를 세계 모든 민족 위에 뛰어나게 하실 것이라
And it shall come to pass, if thou shalt hearken diligently unto the voice of the Lord thy God , to observe and to do all his commandments which I command thee this day , that the Lord thy God will set thee on high above all nations of the earth :
2. 네가 네 하나님 여호와의 말씀을 순종하면 이 모든 복이 네게 임하며 네게 미치리니
And all these blessings shall come on thee, and overtake thee, if thou shalt hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy God .
3. 성읍에서도 복을 받고 들에서도 복을 받을 것이며
Blessed shalt thou be in the city , and blessed shalt thou be in the field .
4. 네 몸의 소생과 네 토지의 소산과 네 짐승의 새끼와 우양의 새끼가 복을 받을 것이며
Blessed shall be the fruit of thy body , and the fruit of thy ground , and the fruit of thy cattle , the increase of thy kine , and the flocks of thy sheep .
5. 네 광주리와 떡반죽 그릇이 복을 받을 것이며
Blessed shall be thy basket and thy store .
6. 네가 들어와도 복을 받고 나가도 복을 받을 것이니라
Blessed shalt thou be when thou comest in , and blessed shalt thou be when thou goest out .
7. 네 대적들이 일어나 너를 치려하면 여호와께서 그들을 네 앞에서 패하게 하시리니 그들이 한 길로 너를 치러 들어왔으나 네 앞에서 일곱 길로 도망하리라
The Lord shall cause thine enemies that rise up against thee to be smitten before thy face : they shall come out against thee one way , and flee before thee seven ways .
8. 여호와께서 명하사 네 창고와 네 손으로 하는 모든 일에 복을 내리시고 네 하나님 여호와께서 네게 주시는 땅에서 네게 복을 주실 것이며
The Lord shall command the blessing upon thee in thy storehouses , and in all that thou settest thine hand unto; and he shall bless thee in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.
9. 네가 네 하나님 여호와의 명령을 지켜 그 길로 행하면 여호와께서 네게 맹세하신 대로 너를 세워 자기의 성민이 되게 하시리니
The Lord shall establish thee an holy people unto himself, as he hath sworn unto thee, if thou shalt keep the commandments of the Lord thy God , and walk in his ways .
10. 너를 여호와의 이름으로 일컬음을 세계 만민이 보고 너를 두려워하리라
And all people of the earth shall see that thou art called by the name of the Lord ; and they shall be afraid of thee.
11. 여호와께서 네게 주리라고 네 열조에게 맹세하신 땅에서 네게 복을 주사 네 몸의 소생과 육축의 새끼와 토지의 소산으로 많게 하시며
And the Lord shall make thee plenteous in goods , in the fruit of thy body , and in the fruit of thy cattle , and in the fruit of thy ground , in the land which the Lord sware unto thy fathers to give thee.
12. 여호와께서 너를 위하여 하늘의 아름다운 보고를 열으사 네 땅에 때를 따라 비를 내리시고 네 손으로 하는 모든 일에 복을 주시리니 네가 많은 민족에게 꾸어줄찌라도 너는 꾸지 아니할 것이요
The Lord shall open unto thee his good treasure , the heaven to give the rain unto thy land in his season , and to bless all the work of thine hand : and thou shalt lend unto many nations , and thou shalt not borrow .
13. 여호와께서 너로 머리가 되고 꼬리가 되지 않게 하시며 위에만 있고 아래에 있지 않게 하시리니 오직 너는 내가 오늘날 네게 명하는 네 하나님 여호와의 명령을 듣고 지켜 행하며
And the Lord shall make thee the head , and not the tail ; and thou shalt be above only , and thou shalt not be beneath ; if that thou hearken unto the commandments of the Lord thy God , which I command thee this day , to observe and to do them:
14. 내가 오늘날 너희에게 명하는 그 말씀을 떠나 좌로나 우로나 치우치지 아니하고 다른 신을 따라 섬기지 아니하면 이와 같으리라
And thou shalt not go aside from any of the words which I command thee this day , to the right hand , or to the left , to go after other gods to serve them.
15. 네가 만일 네 하나님 여호와의 말씀을 순종하지 아니하여 내가 오늘날 네게 명하는 그 모든 명령과 규례를 지켜 행하지 아니하면 이 모든 저주가 네게 임하고 네게 미칠 것이니
But it shall come to pass, if thou wilt not hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy God , to observe to do all his commandments and his statutes which I command thee this day ; that all these curses shall come upon thee, and overtake thee:
16. 네가 성읍에서도 저주를 받으며 들에서도 저주를 받을 것이요
Cursed shalt thou be in the city , and cursed shalt thou be in the field .
17. 또 네 광주리와 떡반죽 그릇이 저주를 받을 것이요
Cursed shall be thy basket and thy store .
18. 네 몸의 소생과 네 토지의 소산과 네 우양의 새끼가 저주를 받을 것이며
Cursed shall be the fruit of thy body , and the fruit of thy land , the increase of thy kine , and the flocks of thy sheep .
19. 네가 들어와도 저주를 받고 나가도 저주를 받으리라
Cursed shalt thou be when thou comest in , and cursed shalt thou be when thou goest out .
20. 네가 악을 행하여 그를 잊으므로 네 손으로 하는 모든 일에 여호와께서 저주와 공구와 견책을 내리사 망하여 속히 파멸케 하실 것이며
The Lord shall send upon thee cursing , vexation , and rebuke , in all that thou settest thine hand unto for to do , until thou be destroyed , and until thou perish quickly ; because of the wickedness of thy doings , whereby thou hast forsaken me.
21. 여호와께서 네 몸에 염병이 들게 하사 네가 들어가 얻을 땅에서 필경 너를 멸하실 것이며
The Lord shall make the pestilence cleave unto thee, until he have consumed thee from off the land , whither thou goest to possess it.
22. 여호와께서 폐병과 열병과 상한과 학질과 한재와 풍재와 썩는 재앙으로 너를 치시리니 이 재앙들이 너를 따라서 너를 진멸케 할 것이라
The Lord shall smite thee with a consumption , and with a fever , and with an inflammation , and with an extreme burning , and with the sword , and with blasting , and with mildew ; and they shall pursue thee until thou perish .
23. 네 머리 위의 하늘은 놋이 되고 네 아래의 땅은 철이 될 것이며
And thy heaven that is over thy head shall be brass , and the earth that is under thee shall be iron .
24. 여호와께서 비 대신에 티끌과 모래를 네 땅에 내리시리니 그것들이 하늘에서 네 위에 내려서 필경 너를 멸하리라
The Lord shall make the rain of thy land powder and dust : from heaven shall it come down upon thee, until thou be destroyed .
25. 여호와께서 너로 네 대적 앞에 패하게 하시리니 네가 한 길로 그들을 치러 나가서는 그들의 앞에서 일곱 길로 도망할 것이며 네가 또 세계 만국 중에 흩음을 당하고
The Lord shall cause thee to be smitten before thine enemies : thou shalt go out one way against them, and flee seven ways before them: and shalt be removed into all the kingdoms of the earth .
26. 네 시체가 공중의 모든 새와 땅 짐승들의 밥이 될 것이나 그것들을 쫓아 줄 자가 없을 것이며
And thy carcase shall be meat unto all fowls of the air , and unto the beasts of the earth , and no man shall fray them away .
27. 여호와께서 애굽의 종기와 치질과 괴혈병과 개창으로 너를 치시리니 네가 치료함을 얻지 못할 것이며
The Lord will smite thee with the botch of Egypt , and with the emerods , and with the scab , and with the itch , whereof thou canst not be healed .
28. 여호와께서 또 너를 미침과 눈멂과 경심증으로 치시리니
The Lord shall smite thee with madness , and blindness , and astonishment of heart :
29. 소경이 어두운데서 더듬는 것과 같이 네가 백주에도 더듬고 네 길이 형통치 못하여 항상 압제와 노략을 당할 뿐이니 너를 구원할 자가 없을 것이며
And thou shalt grope at noonday , as the blind gropeth in darkness , and thou shalt not prosper in thy ways : and thou shalt be only oppressed and spoiled evermore , and no man shall save thee.
30. 네가 여자와 약혼하였으나 다른 사람이 그와 같이 잘 것이요 집을 건축하였으나 거기 거하지 못할 것이요 포도원을 심었으나 네가 그 과실을 쓰지 못할 것이며
Thou shalt betroth a wife , and another man shall lie with her: thou shalt build an house , and thou shalt not dwell therein: thou shalt plant a vineyard , and shalt not gather the grapes thereof.
31. 네 소를 네 목전에서 잡았으나 네가 먹지 못할 것이며 네 나귀를 네 목전에서 빼앗아감을 당하여도 도로 찾지 못할 것이며 네 양을 대적에게 빼앗길 것이나 너를 도와 줄 자가 없을 것이며
Thine ox shall be slain before thine eyes , and thou shalt not eat thereof: thine ass shall be violently taken away from before thy face , and shall not be restored to thee: thy sheep shall be given unto thine enemies , and thou shalt have none to rescue them.
32. 네 자녀를 다른 민족에게 빼앗기고 종일 생각하고 알아봄으로 눈이 쇠하여지나 네 손에 능이 없을 것이며
Thy sons and thy daughters shall be given unto another people , and thine eyes shall look , and fail with longing for them all the day long: and there shall be no might in thine hand .
33. 네 토지 소산과 네 수고로 얻은 것을 네가 알지 못하는 민족이 먹겠고 너는 항상 압제와 학대를 받을 뿐이리니
The fruit of thy land , and all thy labours , shall a nation which thou knowest not eat up ; and thou shalt be only oppressed and crushed alway :
34. 이러므로 네 눈에 보이는 일로 인하여 네가 미치리라
So that thou shalt be mad for the sight of thine eyes which thou shalt see .
35. 여호와께서 네 무릎과 다리를 쳐서 고치지 못할 심한 종기로 발하게 하여 발바닥으로 정수리까지 이르게 하시리라
The Lord shall smite thee in the knees , and in the legs , with a sore botch that cannot be healed , from the sole of thy foot unto the top of thy head .
36. 여호와께서 너와 네가 세울 네 임금을 너와 네 열조가 알지 못하던 나라로 끌어가시리니 네가 거기서 목석으로 만든 다른 신들을 섬길 것이며
The Lord shall bring thee, and thy king which thou shalt set over thee, unto a nation which neither thou nor thy fathers have known ; and there shalt thou serve other gods , wood and stone .
37. 여호와께서 너를 끌어 가시는 모든 민족 중에서 네가 놀램과 속담과 비방거리가 될 것이라
And thou shalt become an astonishment , a proverb , and a byword , among all nations whither the Lord shall lead thee.
38. 네가 많은 종자를 들에 심을지라도 메뚜기가 먹으므로 거둘 것이 적을 것이며
Thou shalt carry much seed out into the field , and shalt gather but little in ; for the locust shall consume it.
39. 네가 포도원을 심고 다스릴지라도 벌레가 먹으므로 포도를 따지 못하고 포도주를 마시지 못할 것이며
Thou shalt plant vineyards , and dress them, but shalt neither drink of the wine , nor gather the grapes; for the worms shall eat them.
40. 네 모든 경내에 감람나무가 있을지라도 그 열매가 떨어지므로 그 기름을 네 몸에 바르지 못할 것이며
Thou shalt have olive trees throughout all thy coasts , but thou shalt not anoint thyself with the oil ; for thine olive shall cast his fruit.
41. 네가 자녀를 낳을지라도 그들이 포로가 되므로 네게 있지 못할 것이며
Thou shalt beget sons and daughters , but thou shalt not enjoy them; for they shall go into captivity .
42. 네 모든 나무와 토지 소산은 메뚜기가 먹을 것이며
All thy trees and fruit of thy land shall the locust consume .
43. 너의 중에 우거하는 이방인은 점점 높아져서 네 위에 뛰어나고 너는 점점 낮아질 것이며
The stranger that is within thee shall get up above thee very high ; and thou shalt come down very low .
44. 그는 네게 꾸일지라도 너는 그에게 뀌지 못하리니 그는 머리가 되고 너는 꼬리가 될 것이라
He shall lend to thee, and thou shalt not lend to him: he shall be the head , and thou shalt be the tail .
45. 네가 네 하나님 여호와의 말씀을 순종치 아니하고 네게 명하신 그 명령과 규례를 지키지 아니하므로 이 모든 저주가 네게 임하고 너를 따르고 네게 미쳐서 필경 너를 멸하리니
Moreover all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed ; because thou hearkenedst not unto the voice of the Lord thy God , to keep his commandments and his statutes which he commanded thee:
46. 이 모든 저주가 너와 네 자손에게 영원히 있어서 표적과 감계가 되리라
And they shall be upon thee for a sign and for a wonder , and upon thy seed for ever .
47. 네가 모든 것이 풍족하여도 기쁨과 즐거운 마음으로 네 하나님 여호와를 섬기지 아니함을 인하여
Because thou servedst not the Lord thy God with joyfulness , and with gladness of heart , for the abundance of all things;
48. 네가 주리고 목마르고 헐벗고 모든 것이 핍절한 중에서 여호와께서 보내사 너를 치게 하실 대적을 섬기게 될 것이니 그가 철 멍에를 네 목에 메워서 필경 너를 멸할 것이라
Therefore shalt thou serve thine enemies which the Lord shall send against thee, in hunger , and in thirst , and in nakedness , and in want of all things: and he shall put a yoke of iron upon thy neck , until he have destroyed thee.
49. 곧 여호와께서 원방에서 땅 끝에서 한 민족을 독수리의 날음 같이 너를 치러 오게 하시리니 이는 네가 그 언어를 알지 못하는 민족이요
The Lord shall bring a nation against thee from far , from the end of the earth , as swift as the eagle flieth ; a nation whose tongue thou shalt not understand ;
50. 그 용모가 흉악한 민족이라 노인을 돌아보지 아니하며 유치를 긍휼히 여기지 아니하며
A nation of fierce countenance , which shall not regard the person of the old , nor shew favour to the young :
51. 네 육축의 새끼와 네 토지의 소산을 먹어서 필경은 너를 멸망시키며 또 곡식이나 포도주나 기름이나 소의 새끼나 양의 새끼를 위하여 남기지 아니하고 필경은 너를 멸절시키리라
And he shall eat the fruit of thy cattle , and the fruit of thy land , until thou be destroyed : which also shall not leave thee either corn , wine , or oil , or the increase of thy kine , or flocks of thy sheep , until he have destroyed thee.
52. 그들이 전국에서 네 모든 성읍을 에워싸고 네가 의뢰하는바 높고 견고한 성벽을 다 헐며 네 하나님 여호와께서 네게 주시는 땅의 모든 성읍에서 너를 에워싸리니
And he shall besiege thee in all thy gates , until thy high and fenced walls come down , wherein thou trustedst , throughout all thy land : and he shall besiege thee in all thy gates throughout all thy land , which the Lord thy God hath given thee.
53. 네가 대적에게 에워싸이고 맹렬히 쳐서 곤란케 함을 당하므로 네 하나님 여호와께서 네게 주신 자녀 곧 네 몸의 소생의 고기를 먹을 것이라
And thou shalt eat the fruit of thine own body , the flesh of thy sons and of thy daughters , which the Lord thy God hath given thee, in the siege , and in the straitness , wherewith thine enemies shall distress thee:
54. 너희 중에 유순하고 연약한 남자라도 그 형제와 그 품의 아내와 그 남은 자녀를 질시하여
So that the man that is tender among you, and very delicate , his eye shall be evil toward his brother , and toward the wife of his bosom , and toward the remnant of his children which he shall leave :
55. 자기의 먹는 그 자녀의 고기를 그 중 누구에게든지 주지 아니하리니 이는 네 대적이 네 모든 성읍을 에워싸고 맹렬히 너를 쳐서 곤란케 하므로 아무 것도 그에게 남음이 없는 연고일 것이며
So that he will not give to any of them of the flesh of his children whom he shall eat : because he hath nothing left him in the siege , and in the straitness , wherewith thine enemies shall distress thee in all thy gates .
56. 또 너희 중에 유순하고 연약한 부녀 곧 유순하고 연약하여 그 발바닥으로 땅을 밟아 보지도 아니하던 자라도 그 품의 남편과 그 자녀를 질시하여
The tender and delicate woman among you, which would not adventure to set the sole of her foot upon the ground for delicateness and tenderness , her eye shall be evil toward the husband of her bosom , and toward her son , and toward her daughter ,
57. 그 다리 사이에서 나온 태와 자기의 낳은 어린 자식을 가만히 먹으리니 이는 네 대적이 네 생명을 에워싸고 맹렬히 쳐서 곤란케 하므로 아무 것도 얻지 못함이리라
And toward her young one that cometh out from between her feet , and toward her children which she shall bear : for she shall eat them for want of all things secretly in the siege and straitness , wherewith thine enemy shall distress thee in thy gates .
58. 네가 만일 이 책에 기록한 이 율법의 모든 말씀을 지켜 행하지 아니하고 네 하나님 여호와라 하는 영화롭고 두려운 이름을 경외하지 아니하면
If thou wilt not observe to do all the words of this law that are written in this book , that thou mayest fear this glorious and fearful name , THE Lord THY GOD ;
59. 여호와께서 너의 재앙과 네 자손의 재앙을 극렬하게 하시리니 그 재앙이 크고 오래고 질병이 중하고 오랠 것이라
Then the Lord will make thy plagues wonderful , and the plagues of thy seed , even great plagues , and of long continuance , and sore sicknesses , and of long continuance .
60. 여호와께서 네가 두려워하던 애굽의 모든 질병을 네게로 가져다가 네 몸에 들어붓게 하실 것이며
Moreover he will bring upon thee all the diseases of Egypt , which thou wast afraid of ; and they shall cleave unto thee.
61. 또 이 율법 책에 기록지 아니한 모든 질병과 모든 재앙을 너의 멸망하기까지 여호와께서 네게 내리실 것이니
Also every sickness , and every plague , which is not written in the book of this law , them will the Lord bring upon thee, until thou be destroyed .
62. 너희가 하늘의 별 같이 많았을지라도 네 하나님 여호와의 말씀을 순종치 아니하므로 남는 자가 얼마되지 못할 것이라
And ye shall be left few in number , whereas ye were as the stars of heaven for multitude ; because thou wouldest not obey the voice of the Lord thy God .
63. 이왕에 여호와께서 너희에게 선을 행하시고 너희로 번성케 하시기를 기뻐하시던 것 같이 이제는 여호와께서 너희를 망하게 하시며 멸하시기를 기뻐하시리니 너희가 들어가 얻는 땅에서 뽑힐 것이요
And it shall come to pass, that as the Lord rejoiced over you to do you good , and to multiply you; so the Lord will rejoice over you to destroy you, and to bring you to nought ; and ye shall be plucked from off the land whither thou goest to possess it.
64. 여호와께서 너를 땅 이 끝에서 저 끝까지 만민 중에 흩으시리니 네가 그 곳에서 너와 네 열조의 알지 못하던 목석 우상을 섬길 것이라
And the Lord shall scatter thee among all people , from the one end of the earth even unto the other ; and there thou shalt serve other gods , which neither thou nor thy fathers have known , even wood and stone .
65. 그 열국 중에서 네가 평안함을 얻지 못하며 네 발바닥을 쉴 곳도 얻지 못하고 오직 여호와께서 거기서 너의 마음으로 떨고 눈으로 쇠하고 정신으로 산란케 하시리니
And among these nations shalt thou find no ease , neither shall the sole of thy foot have rest : but the Lord shall give thee there a trembling heart , and failing of eyes , and sorrow of mind :
66. 네 생명이 의심나는 곳에 달린 것 같아서 주야로 두려워하며 네 생명을 확신할 수 없을 것이라
And thy life shall hang in doubt before thee; and thou shalt fear day and night , and shalt have none assurance of thy life :
67. 네 마음의 두려움과 눈의 보는 것으로 인하여 아침에는 이르기를 아하 저녁이 되었으면 좋겠다 할 것이요 저녁에는 이르기를 아하 아침이 되었으면 좋겠다 하리라
In the morning thou shalt say , Would God it were even ! and at even thou shalt say , Would God it were morning ! for the fear of thine heart wherewith thou shalt fear , and for the sight of thine eyes which thou shalt see .
68. 여호와께서 너를 배에 실으시고 전에 네게 고하여 이르시기를 네가 다시는 그 길을 보지 아니하리라 하시던 그 길로 너를 애굽으로 끌어가실 것이라 거기서 너희가 너희 몸을 대적에게 노비로 팔려하나 너희를 살 자가 없으리라
And the Lord shall bring thee into Egypt again with ships , by the way whereof I spake unto thee, Thou shalt see it no more again : and there ye shall be sold unto your enemies for bondmen and bondwomen , and no man shall buy you.
■ 주석 보기
【신28:1 JFB】신28:1-68. The Blessings for Obedience.
1. if thou shalt hearken diligently unto the voice of the Lord thy God—In this chapter the blessings and curses are enumerated at length, and in various minute details, so that on the first entrance of the Israelites into the land of promise, their whole destiny was laid before them, as it was to result from their obedience or the contrary.
【신28:1 CWC】[PROPHECY OF ISRAEL'S FUTURE]
As we approach the conclusion of this book we come to its most important part from a prophetical point of view -- indeed the present lesson contains (chapter 28), a foreview of Israel's history to the end of the present age, in some respects unparalleled in the 'Bible, although touched upon in Leviticus (26), as we saw.
1. Stones for the Law and Stones for an Altar, c. 27:1-8.
What should they do when they crossed the Jordan (2)? How should they cover these stones to obtain a writing surface or to render them more conspicuous? What was to be written on them (3)? (It is a question whether the decalogue is here meant or the blessings and cursings that follow.) Where were they to be set up (4)? Rocks and stones are seen in the Far East today with inscriptions in paint or plaster thousands of years old.
Besides these stones for the law, what others are commanded, and for what purpose (5) ? Were these to be hewn or unhewn? The probability is that this pile was to be a pedestal for the other stones containing the law, as well as a place for sacrifice. What religious ceremonies were to be observed there (6, 7)? The burnt offerings were part of the "worship for sinful men," while the peace offerings were connected with the "festivities of a reconciled people." Hence we have here, "the law which condemned and the typical expiation -- the two great principles of revealed religion."
2. Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal, vv. 11-26.
These ridges lay in Samaria, the peaks being near Shechem, rising to about 800 feet, and separated by a valley about 500 yards wide.
On Mount Gerizim (now Jebel-et-Tur) were the descendants of Rachel and Leah, the two principal wives of Jacob, and to them was assigned the office of pronouncing the benedictions; while on the twin hill of Ebal (now Imad-el-Deen) were the posterity of the two secondary wives, Zilpah and Bilhah, with those of Reuben, who had lost the primogeniture, and Zebulun, son of Leah; to them was committed the duty of pronouncing the maledictions (see 삿9:7). Amid the silent expectations of the assembly, the priests, standing round the ark in the valley, said aloud, looking to Gerizim, "Blessed is the man that maketh not any graven image," when the people ranged on that hill responded, "Amen"; then turning round to Ebal, they cried, "Cursed is the man that maketh any graven image"; to which those that covered the ridge answered, "Amen." The same course at every pause was followed with all the blessings and curses (see 수8:33, 34).
"These curses are given in the form of a declaration, not a wish, as the words should be rendered, 'cursed is he.' and not 'Cursed be he.' " -- Bible Commentary.
3. The Great Prophecy, c. 28.
This chapter seems a continuation of the former, the blessings and cursings being enumerated more at length. Here the whole destiny of Israel is laid out before them as the result of their obedience or disobedience.
What comprehensive blessing is promised in verse 1? Observe that the lesser blessings following go to make up this great one. These include every kind of material prosperity (2-6); the confusion of their national enemies (7); and the independent power of Israel (12, 13). Moreover, all this shall tend to the glory of Jehovah before the nations (9, 10).
The curses are the counterpart of the blessings (15-19). "Sword," verse 22, is in some ancient versions "drought"; which agrees better with the figurative expressions of the two following verses.
The history of the Jews for the past 2,500 years has been a minute fulfillment of this prophecy, but it may be said to be divided into three periods, marked off by the Babylonian and Roman captivities and their present scattered and distressed condition.
(1) The Babylonian captivity comes into view at verse 36, say, to the close of verse 48.
(2) The Roman captivity, begins at verse 49, continuing to verse 64. The Romans "came from afar"; their ensign was an "eagle"; their "tongue" was not understood; they were of a fierce countenance," i. e., bold, implacable; they let neither "corn, wine nor oil," but strewed devastation everywhere. They successfully besieged the fortified cities, even Jerusalem being razed to the ground. So terrific was the suffering from famine (verses 53-57), that parental affection was extinguished, and delicate and refined women ate the flesh of their own children. For the details we are indebted to Josephus.
(3) The present scattered and distressed condition of Israel is depicted, beginning at verse 64, for an account of whose fulfillment it is only necessary to keep one's eye on the daily press. Well, therefore, may we ask, with Bishop Newton, "What stronger proof can we desire of the divine legislation of Moses?"
【신28:1 MHCC】This chapter is a very large exposition of two words, the blessing and the curse. They are real things and have real effects. The blessings are here put before the curses. God is slow to anger, but swift to show mercy. It is his delight to bless. It is better that we should be drawn to what is good by a child-like hope of God's favour, than that we be frightened to it by a slavish fear of his wrath. The blessing is promised, upon condition that they diligently hearken to the voice of God. Let them keep up religion, the form and power of it, in their families and nation, then the providence of God would prosper all their outward concerns.
【신28:2 JFB】2. all these blessings shall come on thee—Their national obedience was to be rewarded by extraordinary and universal prosperity.
【신28:7 JFB】7. flee before thee seven ways—that is, in various directions, as always happens in a rout.
【신28:10 JFB】10. called by the name of the Lord—That they are really and actually His people (신14:1; 26:18).
【신28:11 JFB】11. the Lord shall make thee plenteous in goods—Beside the natural capabilities of Canaan, its extraordinary fruitfulness was traceable to the special blessing of Heaven.
【신28:12 JFB】12. The Lord shall open unto thee his good treasure—The seasonable supply of the early and latter rain was one of the principal means by which their land was so uncommonly fruitful.
thou shalt lend unto many nations, and thou shalt not borrow—that is, thou shalt be in such affluent circumstances, as to be capable, out of thy superfluous wealth, to give aid to thy poorer neighbors.
【신28:13 JFB】13, 14. the head, and not the tail—an Oriental form of expression, indicating the possession of independent power and great dignity and acknowledged excellence (사9:14; 19:15).
【신28:15 JFB】15-20. But … if thou wilt not hearken unto the voice of the Lord—Curses that were to follow them in the event of disobedience are now enumerated, and they are almost exact counterparts of the blessings which were described in the preceding context as the reward of a faithful adherence to the covenant.
【신28:15 MHCC】If we do not keep God's commandments, we not only come short of the blessing promised, but we lay ourselves under the curse, which includes all misery, as the blessing all happiness. Observe the justice of this curse. It is not a curse causeless, or for some light cause. The extent and power of this curse. Wherever the sinner goes, the curse of God follows; wherever he is, it rests upon him. Whatever he has is under a curse. All his enjoyments are made bitter; he cannot take any true comfort in them, for the wrath of God mixes itself with them. Many judgments are here stated, which would be the fruits of the curse, and with which God would punish the people of the Jews, for their apostacy and disobedience. We may observe the fulfilling of these threatenings in their present state. To complete their misery, it is threatened that by these troubles they should be bereaved of all comfort and hope, and left to utter despair. Those who walk by sight, and not by faith, are in danger of losing reason itself, when every thing about them looks frightful.
【신28:21 JFB】21. pestilence—some fatal epidemic. There is no reason, however, to think that the plague, which is the great modern scourge of the East, is referred to.
【신28:22 JFB】22. a consumption—a wasting disorder; but the modern tuberculosis is almost unknown in Asia.
fever … inflammation … extreme burning—Fever is rendered "burning ague" (레26:16), and the others mentioned along with it evidently point to those febrile affections which are of malignant character and great frequency in the East.
the sword—rather, "dryness"—the effect on the human body of such violent disorders.
blasting, and with mildew—two atmospheric influences fatal to grain.
【신28:23 JFB】23. heaven … brass … earth … iron—strong Oriental figures used to describe the effects of long-continued drought. This want of regular and seasonable rain is allowed by the most intelligent observers to be one great cause of the present sterility of Palestine.
【신28:24 JFB】24. the rain of thy land powder and dust—an allusion probably to the dreadful effects of tornadoes in the East, which, raising the sands in immense twisted pillars, drive them along with the fury of a tempest. These shifting sands are most destructive to cultivated lands; and in consequence of their encroachments, many once fertile regions of the East are now barren deserts.
【신28:27 JFB】27. the botch of Egypt—a troublesome eruption, marked by red pimples, to which, at the rising of the Nile, the Egyptians are subject.
emerods—fistulæ or piles.
scab—scurvy.
itch—the disease commonly known by that name; but it is far more malignant in the East than is ever witnessed in our part of the world.
【신28:28 JFB】28. madness, and blindness, and astonishment of heart—They would be bewildered and paralyzed with terror at the extent of their calamities.
【신28:29 JFB】29-33. thou shalt grope at noonday—a general description of the painful uncertainty in which they would live. During the Middle Ages the Jews were driven from society into hiding-places which they were afraid to leave, not knowing from what quarter they might be assailed and their children dragged into captivity, from which no friend could rescue, and no money ransom them.
【신28:35 JFB】35. the Lord shall smite thee in the knees, and in the legs—This is an exact description of elephantiasis, a horrible disease, something like leprosy, which attacks particularly the lower extremities.
【신28:36 JFB】36. The Lord shall bring thee, and thy king, &c.—This shows how widespread would be the national calamity; and at the same time how hopeless, when he who should have been their defender shared the captive fate of his subjects.
there shalt thou serve other gods, wood and stone—The Hebrew exiles, with some honorable exceptions, were seduced or compelled into idolatry in the Assyrian and Babylonish captivities (렘44:17-19). Thus, the sin to which they had too often betrayed a perverse fondness, a deep-rooted propensity, became their punishment and their misery.
【신28:37 JFB】37. And thou shalt become an astonishment, a proverb, and a byword, among all nations whither the Lord shall lead thee, &c.—The annals of almost every nation, for eighteen hundred years, afford abundant proofs that this has been, as it still is, the case—the very name of Jew being a universally recognized term for extreme degradation and wretchedness.
【신28:45 MHCC】If God inflicts vengeance, what miseries his curse can bring upon mankind, even in this present world! Yet these are but the beginning of sorrows to those under the curse of God. What then will be the misery of that world where their worm dieth not, and their fire is not quenched! Observe what is here said of the wrath of God, which should come and remain upon the Israelites for their sins. It is amazing to think that a people so long the favourites of Heaven, should be so cast off; and yet that a people so scattered in all nations should be kept distinct, and not mixed with others. If they would not serve God with cheerfulness, they should be compelled to serve their enemies. We may justly expect from God, that if we do not fear his fearful name, we shall feel his fearful plagues; for one way or other God will be feared. The destruction threatened is described. They have, indeed, been plucked from off the land, ver. #(63). Not only by the Babylonish captivity, and when Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans; but afterwards, when they were forbidden to set foot in Jerusalem. They should have no rest; no rest of body, ver. 65, but be continually on the remove, either in hope of gain, or fear of persecution. No rest of the mind, which is much worse. They have been banished from city to city, from country to country; recalled, and banished again. These events, compared with the favour shown to Israel in ancient times, and with the prophecies about them, should not only excite astonishment, but turn unto us for a testimony, assuring us of the truth of Scripture. And when the other prophecies of their conversion to Christ shall come to pass, the whole will be a sign and a wonder to all the nations of the earth, and the forerunner of a general spread of true christianity. The fulfilling of these prophecies upon the Jewish nation, delivered more than three thousand years ago, shows that Moses spake by the Spirit of God; who not only foresees the ruin of sinners, but warns of it, that they may prevent it by a true and timely repentance, or else be left without excuse. And let us be thankful that Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, by being made a curse for us, and bearing in his own person all that punishment which our sins merit, and which we must otherwise have endured for ever. To this Refuge and salvation let sinners flee; therein let believers rejoice, and serve their reconciled God with gladness of heart, for the abundance of his spiritual blessings.
【신28:49 JFB】49. The Lord shall bring a nation against thee from far—the invasion of the Romans—"they came from far." The soldiers of the invading army were taken from France, Spain, and Britain—then considered "the end of the earth." Julius Severus, the commander, afterwards Vespasian and Hadrian, left Britain for the scene of contest. Moreover, the ensign on the standards of the Roman army was "an eagle"; and the dialects spoken by the soldiers of the different nations that composed that army were altogether unintelligible to the Jews.
【신28:50 JFB】50. A nation of fierce countenance—a just description of the Romans, who were not only bold and unyielding, but ruthless and implacable.
【신28:51 JFB】51. he shall eat the fruit of thy cattle, &c.—According to the Jewish historian, every district of the country through which they passed was strewn with the wrecks of their devastation.
【신28:52 JFB】52. he shall besiege thee … until thy high and fenced walls come down—All the fortified places to which the people betook themselves for safety were burnt or demolished, and the walls of Jerusalem itself razed to the ground.
【신28:53 JFB】53-57. And thou shalt eat the fruit of thine own body—(See 왕하6:29; 애4:10). Such were the dreadful extremities to which the inhabitants during the siege were reduced that many women sustained a wretched existence by eating the flesh of their own children. Parental affection was extinguished, and the nearest relatives were jealously, avoided, lest they should discover and demand a share of the revolting viands.
【신28:62 JFB】62. ye shall be left few in number—There has been, ever since the destruction of Jerusalem, only an inconsiderable remnant of Jews existing in that land—aliens in the land of their fathers; and of all classes of the inhabitants they are the most degraded and miserable beings, dependent for their support on contributions from other lands.
【신28:63 JFB】63. ye shall be plucked from off the land—Hadrian issued a proclamation, forbidding any Jews to reside in Judea, or even to approach its confines.
【신28:64 JFB】64. the Lord shall scatter thee among all people—There is, perhaps, not a country in the world where Jews are not to be found. Who that looks on this condition of the Hebrews is not filled with awe, when he considers the fulfilment of this prophecy?
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.