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■ 민수기 32장
1. 르우벤 자손과 갓 자손은 심히 많은 가축 떼가 있었더라 그들이 야셀 땅과 길르앗 땅을 본즉 그 곳은 가축에 적당한 곳인지라
Now the children of Reuben and the children of Gad had a very great multitude of cattle : and when they saw the land of Jazer , and the land of Gilead , that, behold, the place was a place for cattle ;
2. 갓 자손과 르우벤 자손이 와서 모세와 제사장 엘르아살과 회중 족장들에게 말하여 가로되
The children of Gad and the children of Reuben came and spake unto Moses , and to Eleazar the priest , and unto the princes of the congregation , saying ,
3. 아다롯과 디본과 야셀과 니므라와 헤스본과 엘르알레와 스밤과 느보와 브온
Ataroth , and Dibon , and Jazer , and Nimrah , and Heshbon , and Elealeh , and Shebam , and Nebo , and Beon ,
4. 곧 여호와께서 이스라엘 회중 앞에서 쳐서 멸하신 땅은 가축에 적당한 곳이요 당신의 종들에게는 가축이 있나이다
Even the country which the Lord smote before the congregation of Israel , is a land for cattle , and thy servants have cattle :
5. 또 가로되 우리가 만일 당신에게 은혜를 입었으면 이 땅을 당신의 종들에게 산업으로 주시고 우리로 요단을 건너지 않게 하소서
Wherefore, said they, if we have found grace in thy sight , let this land be given unto thy servants for a possession , and bring us not over Jordan .
6. 모세가 갓 자손과 르우벤 자손에게 이르되 너희 형제들은 싸우러 가거늘 너희는 여기 앉았고자 하느냐
And Moses said unto the children of Gad and to the children of Reuben , Shall your brethren go to war , and shall ye sit here?
7. 너희가 어찌하여 이스라엘 자손으로 낙심케 하여서 여호와께서 그들에게 주신 땅으로 건너갈 수 없게 하려느냐
And wherefore discourage ye the heart of the children of Israel from going over into the land which the Lord hath given them?
8. 너희 열조도 내가 가데스바네아에서 그 땅을 보라고 보내었을 때에 그리하였었나니
Thus did your fathers , when I sent them from Kadesh–barnea to see the land .
9. 그들이 에스골 골짜기에 올라가서 그 땅을 보고 이스라엘 자손으로 낙심케 하여서 여호와께서 그들에게 주신 땅으로 갈 수 없게 하였었느니라
For when they went up unto the valley of Eshcol , and saw the land , they discouraged the heart of the children of Israel , that they should not go into the land which the Lord had given them.
10. 그때에 여호와께서 진노하사 맹세하여 가라사대
And the Lord’s anger was kindled the same time , and he sware , saying ,
11. 애굽에서 나온 자들의 이십 세 이상으로는 한 사람도 내가 아브라함과 이삭과 야곱에게 맹세한 땅을 정녕히 보지 못하리니 이는 그들이 나를 온전히 순종치 아니하였음이니라
Surely none of the men that came up out of Egypt , from twenty years old and upward , shall see the land which I sware unto Abraham , unto Isaac , and unto Jacob ; because they have not wholly followed me:
12. 다만 그나스 사람 여분네의 아들 갈렙과 눈의 아들 여호수아는 볼 것은 여호와를 온전히 순종하였음이니라 하시고
Save Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenezite , and Joshua the son of Nun : for they have wholly followed the Lord .
13. 여호와께서 이스라엘에게 진노하사 그들로 사십 년 동안 광야에 유리하게 하심으로 여호와의 목전에 악을 행한 그 세대가 필경은 다 소멸하였느니라
And the Lord’s anger was kindled against Israel , and he made them wander in the wilderness forty years , until all the generation , that had done evil in the sight of the Lord , was consumed .
14. 보라 너희는 너희의 열조를 계대하여 일어난 죄인의 종류로서 이스라엘을 향하신 여호와의 노를 더욱 심하게 하는도다
And, behold, ye are risen up in your fathers’ stead, an increase of sinful men , to augment yet the fierce anger of the Lord toward Israel .
15. 너희가 만일 돌이켜 여호와를 떠나면 여호와께서 또 이 백성을 광야에 버리시리니 그리하면 너희가 이 모든 백성을 멸망시키리라
For if ye turn away from after him, he will yet again leave them in the wilderness ; and ye shall destroy all this people .
16. 그들이 모세에게 가까이 나아와 가로되 우리가 이 곳에 우리 가축을 위하여 우리를 짓고 우리 유아들을 위하여 성읍을 건축하고
And they came near unto him, and said , We will build sheepfolds here for our cattle , and cities for our little ones :
17. 이 땅 거민의 연고로 우리 유아들로 그 견고한 성읍에 거하게 한 후에 우리는 무장하고 이스라엘 자손을 그곳으로 인도하기까지 그들의 앞에 행하고
But we ourselves will go ready armed before the children of Israel , until we have brought them unto their place : and our little ones shall dwell in the fenced cities because of the inhabitants of the land .
18. 이스라엘 자손이 각기 기업을 얻기까지 우리 집으로 돌아오지 아니하겠사오며
We will not return unto our houses , until the children of Israel have inherited every man his inheritance .
19. 우리는 요단 이편 곧 동편에서 산업을 얻었사오니 그들과 함께 요단 저편에서는 기업을 얻지 아니하겠나이다
For we will not inherit with them on yonder side Jordan , or forward ; because our inheritance is fallen to us on this side Jordan eastward .
20. 모세가 그들에게 이르되 너희가 만일 이 일을 행하여 무장하고 여호와 앞에서 가서 싸우되
And Moses said unto them, If ye will do this thing , if ye will go armed before the Lord to war ,
21. 너희가 다 무장하고 여호와 앞에서 요단을 건너가서 여호와께서 그 원수를 자기 앞에서 쫓아내시고
And will go all of you armed over Jordan before the Lord , until he hath driven out his enemies from before him,
22. 그 땅으로 여호와 앞에 복종케 하시기까지 싸우면 여호와의 앞에서나 이스라엘의 앞에서나 무죄히 돌아오겠고 이 땅은 여호와 앞에서 너희의 산업이 되리라마는
And the land be subdued before the Lord : then afterward ye shall return , and be guiltless before the Lord , and before Israel ; and this land shall be your possession before the Lord .
23. 너희가 만일 그같이 아니하면 여호와께 범죄함이니 너희 죄가 정녕 너희를 찾아낼줄 알라
But if ye will not do so , behold, ye have sinned against the Lord : and be sure your sin will find you out .
24. 너희는 유아들을 위하여 성읍을 건축하고 양을 위하여 우리를 지으라 그리하고 너희 입에서 낸 대로 행하라
Build you cities for your little ones , and folds for your sheep ; and do that which hath proceeded out of your mouth .
25. 갓 자손과 르우벤 자손이 모세에게 대답하여 가로되 우리 주의 명대로 종들이 행할 것이라
And the children of Gad and the children of Reuben spake unto Moses , saying , Thy servants will do as my lord commandeth .
26. 우리의 어린 자와 아내와 양떼와 모든 가축은 이곳 길르앗 성읍 들에 두고
Our little ones , our wives , our flocks , and all our cattle , shall be there in the cities of Gilead :
27. 우리 주의 말씀대로 종들은 무장하고 여호와 앞에서 다 건너가서 싸우리이다
But thy servants will pass over , every man armed for war , before the Lord to battle , as my lord saith .
28. 이에 모세가 그들에게 대하여 제사장 엘르아살과 눈의 아들 여호수아와 이스라엘 자손 지파의 두령들에게 명하니라
So concerning them Moses commanded Eleazar the priest , and Joshua the son of Nun , and the chief fathers of the tribes of the children of Israel :
29. 모세가 그들에게 이르되 갓 자손과 르우벤 자손이 만일 각기 무장하고 너희와 함께 요단을 건너가서 여호와 앞에서 싸워서 그 땅이 너희 앞에 항복하기에 이르거든 길르앗 땅을 그들에게 산업으로 줄 것이니라
And Moses said unto them, If the children of Gad and the children of Reuben will pass with you over Jordan , every man armed to battle , before the Lord , and the land shall be subdued before you; then ye shall give them the land of Gilead for a possession :
30. 그러나 그들이 만일 너희와 함께 무장하고 건너지 아니하거든 가나안 땅에서 너희 중에 산업을 줄 것이니라
But if they will not pass over with you armed , they shall have possessions among you in the land of Canaan .
31. 갓 자손과 르우벤 자손이 대답하여 가로되 여호와께서 당신의 종들에게 명하신 대로 우리가 행할 것이라
And the children of Gad and the children of Reuben answered , saying , As the Lord hath said unto thy servants , so will we do .
32. 우리가 무장하고 여호와 앞에서 가나안 땅에 건너가서 요단 이편으로 우리의 산업이 되게 하리이다
We will pass over armed before the Lord into the land of Canaan , that the possession of our inheritance on this side Jordan may be ours.
33. 모세가 갓 자손과 르우벤 자손과 요셉의 아들 므낫세 반 지파에게 아모리인의 왕 시혼의 국토와 바산 왕 옥의 국토를 주되 곧 그 나라와 그 경내 성읍들과 그 성읍들의 사면 땅을 그들에게 주매
And Moses gave unto them, even to the children of Gad , and to the children of Reuben , and unto half the tribe of Manasseh the son of Joseph , the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites , and the kingdom of Og king of Bashan , the land , with the cities thereof in the coasts , even the cities of the country round about .
34. 갓 자손은 디본과 아다롯과 아로엘과
And the children of Gad built Dibon , and Ataroth , and Aroer ,
35. 아다롯소반과 야셀과 욕브하와
And Atroth, Shophan , and Jaazer , and Jogbehah ,
36. 벧니므라와 벧하란들의 견고한 성읍을 건축하였고 또 양을 위하여 우리를 지었으며
And Beth–nimrah , and Beth–haran , fenced cities : and folds for sheep .
37. 르우벤 자손은 헤스본과 엘르알레와 기랴다임과
And the children of Reuben built Heshbon , and Elealeh , and Kirjathaim ,
38. 느보와 바알므온들을 건축하고 그 이름을 고쳤고 또 십마를 건축하고 건축한 성읍들에 새 이름을 주었고
And Nebo , and Baal–meon , (their names being changed ,) and Shibmah : and gave other names unto the cities which they builded .
39. 므낫세의 아들 마길의 자손은 가서 길르앗을 쳐서 취하고 거기 있는 아모리인을 쫓아내매
And the children of Machir the son of Manasseh went to Gilead , and took it, and dispossessed the Amorite which was in it.
40. 모세가 길르앗을 므낫세의 아들 마길에게 주매 그가 거기 거하였고
And Moses gave Gilead unto Machir the son of Manasseh ; and he dwelt therein.
41. 므낫세의 아들 야일은 가서 그 촌락들을 취하고 하봇야일이라 칭하였으며
And Jair the son of Manasseh went and took the small towns thereof, and called them Havoth–jair .
42. 노바는 가서 그낫과 그 향촌을 취하고 자기 이름을 따라서 노바라 칭하였더라
And Nobah went and took Kenath , and the villages thereof, and called it Nobah , after his own name .
■ 주석 보기
【민32:1 JFB】민32:1-42. The Reubenites and Gadites Ask for an Inheritance.
1-5. the land of Jazer, and the land of Gilead—A complete conquest had been made of the country east of the Jordan, comprising "the land of Jazer," which formed the southern district between the Arnon and Jabbok and "the land of Gilead," the middle region between the Jabbok and Jarmouk, or Hieromax, including Bashan, which lay on the north of that river. The whole of this region is now called the Belka. It has always been famous for its rich and extensive pastures, and it is still the favorite resort of the Bedouin shepherds, who frequently contend for securing to their immense flocks the benefit of its luxuriant vegetation. In the camp of ancient Israel, Reuben and Gad were pre-eminently pastoral; and as these two tribes, being placed under the same standard, had frequent opportunities of conversing and arranging about their common concerns, they united in preferring a request that the trans-jordanic region, so well suited to the habits of a pastoral people, might be assigned to them.
【민32:1 CWC】[GETTING READY FOR CANAAN]
1. Reuben and Gad's Choice, c. 32.
What was their choice of possessions, and on what ground was it made (1-5)? What suspicion of their motive possessed Moses (6-15)? What assurance is given him (16-19)? How is the matter closed (20-27)? What charge does Moses transmit to his successors (28-32)?
2. Review of the Journey, c. 33.
The following from the Bible Commentary is useful: "This chapter may be said to form the winding-up of the history of the travels of the Israelites, for the following chapters relate to matters connected with the occupation and division of the land.
"As several apparent discrepancies will be discovered on comparing the records here with Exodus, and the occasional notices of places in Deuteronomy, it is probable that this itinerary comprises a list of only the most important stations in their journeys; those where they formed prolonged encampments, and whence they dispersed their flocks and herds to pasture on the plains till the surrounding herbage was exhausted. The catalogue extends from their departure out of Egypt to their arrival on the plains of Moab."
At whose authorization was this record made (2)? Thus was established the truth of history, thus a memorial of God's marvelous work on Israel's behalf preserved for all generations.
For additional light on verses 3 and 4, consult the Revised Version.
"As there are no less than eighteen stations inserted between Hazeroth and Kadesh, and only eleven days were spent in performing that journey (신1:2) the record here must refer to a different visit to Kadesh. The first was when they left Sinai in the second month (c. 1:2; c. 13:20), and were in Kadesh in August (신1:45), and 'abode many days' in it, and murmuring at the report of the spies, were commanded to return into the desert 'by the way of the Red Sea.' The arrival at Kadesh, mentioned in this catalogue, corresponds to the second sojourn at that place, being the first month, or April (c. 20:1).
"Between the two visits there intervened a period of 38 years, during which they wandered hither and thither, often returning to the same spots, as the pastoral necessities of their flocks required."
When did Aaron die, and at what age (38, 39)? What command is renewed to Moses (50-53)? What warning accompanies it (55, 56)?
3. The Boundaries, c. 34.
It is difficult to trace these boundary lines on the map, especially those on the south, and students must be referred to Bible dictionaries on the subject.
In the meantime, it is clear that Israel never entered on the possession of all this territory, even in the golden era of David and Solomon. That they will do so in the millennial age there can be no doubt.
【민32:1 MHCC】Here is a proposal made by the Reubenites and Gadites, that the land lately conquered might be allotted to them. Two things common in the world might lead these tribes to make this choice; the lust of the eye, and the pride of life. There was much amiss in the principle they went upon; they consulted their own private convenience more than the public good. Thus to the present time, many seek their own things more than the things of Jesus Christ; and are led by worldly interests and advantages to take up short of the heavenly Canaan.
【민32:6 JFB】6-19. Moses said unto the children of Gad and to the children of Reuben, Shall your brethren go to war, and shall ye sit here—Their language was ambiguous; and Moses, suspicious that this proposal was an act of unbelief, a scheme of self-policy and indolence to escape the perils of warfare and live in ease and safety, addressed to them a reproachful and passionate remonstrance. Whether they had really meditated such a withdrawal from all share in the war of invasion, or the effect of their leader's expostulation was to drive them from their original purpose, they now, in answer to his impressive appeal, declared it to be their sincere intention to co-operate with their brethren; but, if so, they ought to have been more explicit at first.
【민32:6 MHCC】The proposal showed disregard to the land of Canaan, distrust of the Lord's promise, and unwillingness to encounter the difficulties and dangers of conquering and driving out the inhabitants of that land. Moses is wroth with them. It will becomes any of God's Israel to sit down unconcerned about the difficult and perilous concerns of their brethren, whether public or personal. He reminds them of the fatal consequences of the unbelief and faint-heartedness of their fathers, when they were, as themselves, just ready to enter Canaan. If men considered as they ought what would be the end of sin, they would be afraid of the beginning of it.
【민32:16 JFB】16. they came near—The narrative gives a picturesque description of this scene. The suppliants had shrunk back, dreading from the undisguised emotions of their leader that their request would be refused. But, perceiving, from the tenor of his discourse, that his objection was grounded only on the supposition that they would not cross the Jordan to assist their brethren, they became emboldened to approach him with assurances of their goodwill.
We will build sheepfolds here for our cattle, and cities for our little ones—that is, rebuild, repair. It would have been impossible within two months to found new cities, or even to reconstruct those which had been razed to the ground. Those cities of the Amorites were not absolutely demolished, and they probably consisted only of mud-built, or dry-stone walls.
【민32:16 MHCC】Here is the good effect of plain dealing. Moses, by showing their sin, and the danger of it, brought them to their duty, without murmuring or disputing. All men ought to consider the interests of others as well as their own; the law of love requires us to labour, venture, or suffer for each other as there may be occasion. They propose that their men of war should go ready armed before the children of Israel into the land of Canaan, and that they should not return till the conquest of Canaan was ended. Moses grants their request, but he warns them of the danger of breaking their word. If you fail, you sin against the Lord, and not against your brethren only; God will certainly reckon with you for it. Be sure your sin will find you out. Sin will surely find out the sinner sooner or later. It concerns us now to find our sins out, that we may repent of them, and forsake them, lest they find us out to our ruin.
【민32:17 JFB】17. and our little ones shall dwell in the fenced cities because of the inhabitants of the land—There was good policy in leaving a sufficient force to protect the conquered region lest the enemy should attempt reprisals; and as only forty thousand of the Reubenites and the Gadites, and a half of Manasseh, passed over the Jordan (수4:13), there were left for the security of the new possessions 70,580 men, besides women and children under twenty years (compare 민26:7, 18, 34).
We ourselves will go ready armed—that is, all of us in a collective body, or as many as may be deemed necessary, while the rest of our number shall remain at home to provide for the sustenance and secure the protection of our families and flocks. (See on 수4:12).
【민32:20 JFB】20-33. Moses said unto them, If ye will do this thing—with sincerity and zeal.
go before the Lord to war—The phrase was used in allusion to the order of march in which the tribes of Reuben and Gad immediately preceded the ark (see on 민2:10-31), or to the passage over the Jordan, in which the ark stood in mid-channel, while all the tribes marched by in succession (수3:4), of course including those of Reuben and Gad, so that, literally, they passed over before the Lord and before the rest of Israel (수4:13). Perhaps, however, the phrase is used merely in a general sense to denote their marching on an expedition, the purpose of which was blessed with the presence, and destined to promote the glory, of God. The displeasure which Moses had felt on the first mention of their proposal had disappeared on the strength of their solemn assurances. But a lurking suspicion of their motives seems still to have been lingering in his mind—he continued to speak to them in an admonitory strain; and he concluded by warning them that in case of their failing to redeem their pledge, the judgments of an offended God would assuredly fall upon them. This emphatic caution against such an eventuality throws a strong doubt on the honesty of their first intentions; and yet, whether through the opposing attitude or the strong invectives of Moses they had been brought to a better state of mind, their final reply showed that now all was right.
【민32:28 JFB】28-32. concerning them Moses commanded—The arrangement itself, as well as the express terms on which he assented to it, was announced by the leader to the public authorities. The pastoral country the two tribes had desired was to be granted them on condition that they would lend their aid to their brethren in the approaching invasion of Canaan. If they refused or failed to perform their promise, those possessions should be forfeited, and they themselves compelled to go across the Jordan and fight for a settlement like the rest of their brethren.
【민32:28 MHCC】Concerning the settlement of these tribes, observe, that they built the cities, that is, repaired them. They changed the names of them; probably they were idolatrous, therefore they should be forgotten. A spirit of selfishness, of seeking our own, not the things of Christ, when each one ought to assist others, is as dangerous as it is common. It is impossible to be sincere in the faith, sensible of the goodness of God, constrained by the love of Christ, sanctified by the power of the Holy Ghost, and yet be indifferent to the progress of religion, and the spiritual success of others, through love of ease, or fear of conflict. Let then your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.
【민32:33 JFB】33. half the tribe of Manasseh—It is nowhere explained in the record how they were incorporated with the two tribes, or what broke this great tribe into two parts, of which one was left to follow the fortunes of its brethren in the settled life of the western hills, while the other was allowed to wander as a nomadic tribe over the pasture lands of Gilead and Bashan. They are not mentioned as accompanying Reuben and Gad in their application to Moses [민32:1]; neither were they included in his first directions (민32:25); but as they also were a people addicted to pastoral pursuits and possessed as immense flocks as the other two, Moses invited the half of them to remain, in consequence, probably, of finding that this region was more than sufficient for the pastoral wants of the others, and he may have given them the preference, as some have conjectured, for their valorous conduct in the contests with the Amorites (compare 민32:39, with 수17:1).
【민32:34 JFB】34-36. And the children of Gad built—(See on 민32:16).
Dibon—identified with Dheban, now in ruins, an hour's distance from the Arnon (Mojeb).
Ataroth (Hebrew, "crowns")—There are several towns so called in Scripture, but this one in the tribe of Gad has not been identified.
Aroer—now Arair, standing on a precipice on the north bank of the Arnon.
【민32:35 JFB】35-38. Atroth, Shophan, and Jaazer, &c.—Jaazer, near a famed fountain, Ain Hazier, the waters of which flow into Wady Schaib, about fifteen miles from Hesbon. Beth-nimrah, now Nimrin; Heshbon, now Hesban; Elealeh (Hebrew, "the high"), now Elaal; Kirjathaim (Hebrew, "the double city"); Nebo, now Neba, near the mountain of that name; Baal-meon, now Myoun, in ruins, where was a temple of Baal (수13:17; 렘48:23); Shibmah, or Shebam (민32:3), near Heshbon, famous for vines (사16:9, 10; 렘48:32).
【민32:38 JFB】38. (their names being changed)—either because it was the general custom of conquerors to do so; or, rather, because from the prohibition to mention the names of other gods (출23:13), as Nebo and Baal were, it was expedient on the first settlement of the Israelites to obliterate all remembrance of those idols. (See 수13:17-20).
【민32:39 JFB】39. Gilead—now Jelud.
【민32:41 JFB】41. Havoth-jair—that is, "tent-villages." Jair, who captured them, was a descendant of Manasseh on his mother's side (대상1:21, 22).
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